xref: /linux/arch/x86/mm/init_32.c (revision d39d0ed196aa1685bb24771e92f78633c66ac9cb)
1 /*
2  *
3  *  Copyright (C) 1995  Linus Torvalds
4  *
5  *  Support of BIGMEM added by Gerhard Wichert, Siemens AG, July 1999
6  */
7 
8 #include <linux/module.h>
9 #include <linux/signal.h>
10 #include <linux/sched.h>
11 #include <linux/kernel.h>
12 #include <linux/errno.h>
13 #include <linux/string.h>
14 #include <linux/types.h>
15 #include <linux/ptrace.h>
16 #include <linux/mman.h>
17 #include <linux/mm.h>
18 #include <linux/hugetlb.h>
19 #include <linux/swap.h>
20 #include <linux/smp.h>
21 #include <linux/init.h>
22 #include <linux/highmem.h>
23 #include <linux/pagemap.h>
24 #include <linux/pci.h>
25 #include <linux/pfn.h>
26 #include <linux/poison.h>
27 #include <linux/bootmem.h>
28 #include <linux/proc_fs.h>
29 #include <linux/memory_hotplug.h>
30 #include <linux/initrd.h>
31 #include <linux/cpumask.h>
32 #include <linux/gfp.h>
33 
34 #include <asm/asm.h>
35 #include <asm/bios_ebda.h>
36 #include <asm/processor.h>
37 #include <asm/system.h>
38 #include <asm/uaccess.h>
39 #include <asm/pgtable.h>
40 #include <asm/dma.h>
41 #include <asm/fixmap.h>
42 #include <asm/e820.h>
43 #include <asm/apic.h>
44 #include <asm/bugs.h>
45 #include <asm/tlb.h>
46 #include <asm/tlbflush.h>
47 #include <asm/pgalloc.h>
48 #include <asm/sections.h>
49 #include <asm/paravirt.h>
50 #include <asm/setup.h>
51 #include <asm/cacheflush.h>
52 #include <asm/page_types.h>
53 #include <asm/init.h>
54 
55 unsigned long highstart_pfn, highend_pfn;
56 
57 static noinline int do_test_wp_bit(void);
58 
59 bool __read_mostly __vmalloc_start_set = false;
60 
61 static __init void *alloc_low_page(void)
62 {
63 	unsigned long pfn = e820_table_end++;
64 	void *adr;
65 
66 	if (pfn >= e820_table_top)
67 		panic("alloc_low_page: ran out of memory");
68 
69 	adr = __va(pfn * PAGE_SIZE);
70 	memset(adr, 0, PAGE_SIZE);
71 	return adr;
72 }
73 
74 /*
75  * Creates a middle page table and puts a pointer to it in the
76  * given global directory entry. This only returns the gd entry
77  * in non-PAE compilation mode, since the middle layer is folded.
78  */
79 static pmd_t * __init one_md_table_init(pgd_t *pgd)
80 {
81 	pud_t *pud;
82 	pmd_t *pmd_table;
83 
84 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_PAE
85 	if (!(pgd_val(*pgd) & _PAGE_PRESENT)) {
86 		if (after_bootmem)
87 			pmd_table = (pmd_t *)alloc_bootmem_pages(PAGE_SIZE);
88 		else
89 			pmd_table = (pmd_t *)alloc_low_page();
90 		paravirt_alloc_pmd(&init_mm, __pa(pmd_table) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
91 		set_pgd(pgd, __pgd(__pa(pmd_table) | _PAGE_PRESENT));
92 		pud = pud_offset(pgd, 0);
93 		BUG_ON(pmd_table != pmd_offset(pud, 0));
94 
95 		return pmd_table;
96 	}
97 #endif
98 	pud = pud_offset(pgd, 0);
99 	pmd_table = pmd_offset(pud, 0);
100 
101 	return pmd_table;
102 }
103 
104 /*
105  * Create a page table and place a pointer to it in a middle page
106  * directory entry:
107  */
108 static pte_t * __init one_page_table_init(pmd_t *pmd)
109 {
110 	if (!(pmd_val(*pmd) & _PAGE_PRESENT)) {
111 		pte_t *page_table = NULL;
112 
113 		if (after_bootmem) {
114 #if defined(CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC) || defined(CONFIG_KMEMCHECK)
115 			page_table = (pte_t *) alloc_bootmem_pages(PAGE_SIZE);
116 #endif
117 			if (!page_table)
118 				page_table =
119 				(pte_t *)alloc_bootmem_pages(PAGE_SIZE);
120 		} else
121 			page_table = (pte_t *)alloc_low_page();
122 
123 		paravirt_alloc_pte(&init_mm, __pa(page_table) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
124 		set_pmd(pmd, __pmd(__pa(page_table) | _PAGE_TABLE));
125 		BUG_ON(page_table != pte_offset_kernel(pmd, 0));
126 	}
127 
128 	return pte_offset_kernel(pmd, 0);
129 }
130 
131 pmd_t * __init populate_extra_pmd(unsigned long vaddr)
132 {
133 	int pgd_idx = pgd_index(vaddr);
134 	int pmd_idx = pmd_index(vaddr);
135 
136 	return one_md_table_init(swapper_pg_dir + pgd_idx) + pmd_idx;
137 }
138 
139 pte_t * __init populate_extra_pte(unsigned long vaddr)
140 {
141 	int pte_idx = pte_index(vaddr);
142 	pmd_t *pmd;
143 
144 	pmd = populate_extra_pmd(vaddr);
145 	return one_page_table_init(pmd) + pte_idx;
146 }
147 
148 static pte_t *__init page_table_kmap_check(pte_t *pte, pmd_t *pmd,
149 					   unsigned long vaddr, pte_t *lastpte)
150 {
151 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
152 	/*
153 	 * Something (early fixmap) may already have put a pte
154 	 * page here, which causes the page table allocation
155 	 * to become nonlinear. Attempt to fix it, and if it
156 	 * is still nonlinear then we have to bug.
157 	 */
158 	int pmd_idx_kmap_begin = fix_to_virt(FIX_KMAP_END) >> PMD_SHIFT;
159 	int pmd_idx_kmap_end = fix_to_virt(FIX_KMAP_BEGIN) >> PMD_SHIFT;
160 
161 	if (pmd_idx_kmap_begin != pmd_idx_kmap_end
162 	    && (vaddr >> PMD_SHIFT) >= pmd_idx_kmap_begin
163 	    && (vaddr >> PMD_SHIFT) <= pmd_idx_kmap_end
164 	    && ((__pa(pte) >> PAGE_SHIFT) < e820_table_start
165 		|| (__pa(pte) >> PAGE_SHIFT) >= e820_table_end)) {
166 		pte_t *newpte;
167 		int i;
168 
169 		BUG_ON(after_bootmem);
170 		newpte = alloc_low_page();
171 		for (i = 0; i < PTRS_PER_PTE; i++)
172 			set_pte(newpte + i, pte[i]);
173 
174 		paravirt_alloc_pte(&init_mm, __pa(newpte) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
175 		set_pmd(pmd, __pmd(__pa(newpte)|_PAGE_TABLE));
176 		BUG_ON(newpte != pte_offset_kernel(pmd, 0));
177 		__flush_tlb_all();
178 
179 		paravirt_release_pte(__pa(pte) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
180 		pte = newpte;
181 	}
182 	BUG_ON(vaddr < fix_to_virt(FIX_KMAP_BEGIN - 1)
183 	       && vaddr > fix_to_virt(FIX_KMAP_END)
184 	       && lastpte && lastpte + PTRS_PER_PTE != pte);
185 #endif
186 	return pte;
187 }
188 
189 /*
190  * This function initializes a certain range of kernel virtual memory
191  * with new bootmem page tables, everywhere page tables are missing in
192  * the given range.
193  *
194  * NOTE: The pagetables are allocated contiguous on the physical space
195  * so we can cache the place of the first one and move around without
196  * checking the pgd every time.
197  */
198 static void __init
199 page_table_range_init(unsigned long start, unsigned long end, pgd_t *pgd_base)
200 {
201 	int pgd_idx, pmd_idx;
202 	unsigned long vaddr;
203 	pgd_t *pgd;
204 	pmd_t *pmd;
205 	pte_t *pte = NULL;
206 
207 	vaddr = start;
208 	pgd_idx = pgd_index(vaddr);
209 	pmd_idx = pmd_index(vaddr);
210 	pgd = pgd_base + pgd_idx;
211 
212 	for ( ; (pgd_idx < PTRS_PER_PGD) && (vaddr != end); pgd++, pgd_idx++) {
213 		pmd = one_md_table_init(pgd);
214 		pmd = pmd + pmd_index(vaddr);
215 		for (; (pmd_idx < PTRS_PER_PMD) && (vaddr != end);
216 							pmd++, pmd_idx++) {
217 			pte = page_table_kmap_check(one_page_table_init(pmd),
218 			                            pmd, vaddr, pte);
219 
220 			vaddr += PMD_SIZE;
221 		}
222 		pmd_idx = 0;
223 	}
224 }
225 
226 static inline int is_kernel_text(unsigned long addr)
227 {
228 	if (addr >= PAGE_OFFSET && addr <= (unsigned long)__init_end)
229 		return 1;
230 	return 0;
231 }
232 
233 /*
234  * This maps the physical memory to kernel virtual address space, a total
235  * of max_low_pfn pages, by creating page tables starting from address
236  * PAGE_OFFSET:
237  */
238 unsigned long __init
239 kernel_physical_mapping_init(unsigned long start,
240 			     unsigned long end,
241 			     unsigned long page_size_mask)
242 {
243 	int use_pse = page_size_mask == (1<<PG_LEVEL_2M);
244 	unsigned long last_map_addr = end;
245 	unsigned long start_pfn, end_pfn;
246 	pgd_t *pgd_base = swapper_pg_dir;
247 	int pgd_idx, pmd_idx, pte_ofs;
248 	unsigned long pfn;
249 	pgd_t *pgd;
250 	pmd_t *pmd;
251 	pte_t *pte;
252 	unsigned pages_2m, pages_4k;
253 	int mapping_iter;
254 
255 	start_pfn = start >> PAGE_SHIFT;
256 	end_pfn = end >> PAGE_SHIFT;
257 
258 	/*
259 	 * First iteration will setup identity mapping using large/small pages
260 	 * based on use_pse, with other attributes same as set by
261 	 * the early code in head_32.S
262 	 *
263 	 * Second iteration will setup the appropriate attributes (NX, GLOBAL..)
264 	 * as desired for the kernel identity mapping.
265 	 *
266 	 * This two pass mechanism conforms to the TLB app note which says:
267 	 *
268 	 *     "Software should not write to a paging-structure entry in a way
269 	 *      that would change, for any linear address, both the page size
270 	 *      and either the page frame or attributes."
271 	 */
272 	mapping_iter = 1;
273 
274 	if (!cpu_has_pse)
275 		use_pse = 0;
276 
277 repeat:
278 	pages_2m = pages_4k = 0;
279 	pfn = start_pfn;
280 	pgd_idx = pgd_index((pfn<<PAGE_SHIFT) + PAGE_OFFSET);
281 	pgd = pgd_base + pgd_idx;
282 	for (; pgd_idx < PTRS_PER_PGD; pgd++, pgd_idx++) {
283 		pmd = one_md_table_init(pgd);
284 
285 		if (pfn >= end_pfn)
286 			continue;
287 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_PAE
288 		pmd_idx = pmd_index((pfn<<PAGE_SHIFT) + PAGE_OFFSET);
289 		pmd += pmd_idx;
290 #else
291 		pmd_idx = 0;
292 #endif
293 		for (; pmd_idx < PTRS_PER_PMD && pfn < end_pfn;
294 		     pmd++, pmd_idx++) {
295 			unsigned int addr = pfn * PAGE_SIZE + PAGE_OFFSET;
296 
297 			/*
298 			 * Map with big pages if possible, otherwise
299 			 * create normal page tables:
300 			 */
301 			if (use_pse) {
302 				unsigned int addr2;
303 				pgprot_t prot = PAGE_KERNEL_LARGE;
304 				/*
305 				 * first pass will use the same initial
306 				 * identity mapping attribute + _PAGE_PSE.
307 				 */
308 				pgprot_t init_prot =
309 					__pgprot(PTE_IDENT_ATTR |
310 						 _PAGE_PSE);
311 
312 				addr2 = (pfn + PTRS_PER_PTE-1) * PAGE_SIZE +
313 					PAGE_OFFSET + PAGE_SIZE-1;
314 
315 				if (is_kernel_text(addr) ||
316 				    is_kernel_text(addr2))
317 					prot = PAGE_KERNEL_LARGE_EXEC;
318 
319 				pages_2m++;
320 				if (mapping_iter == 1)
321 					set_pmd(pmd, pfn_pmd(pfn, init_prot));
322 				else
323 					set_pmd(pmd, pfn_pmd(pfn, prot));
324 
325 				pfn += PTRS_PER_PTE;
326 				continue;
327 			}
328 			pte = one_page_table_init(pmd);
329 
330 			pte_ofs = pte_index((pfn<<PAGE_SHIFT) + PAGE_OFFSET);
331 			pte += pte_ofs;
332 			for (; pte_ofs < PTRS_PER_PTE && pfn < end_pfn;
333 			     pte++, pfn++, pte_ofs++, addr += PAGE_SIZE) {
334 				pgprot_t prot = PAGE_KERNEL;
335 				/*
336 				 * first pass will use the same initial
337 				 * identity mapping attribute.
338 				 */
339 				pgprot_t init_prot = __pgprot(PTE_IDENT_ATTR);
340 
341 				if (is_kernel_text(addr))
342 					prot = PAGE_KERNEL_EXEC;
343 
344 				pages_4k++;
345 				if (mapping_iter == 1) {
346 					set_pte(pte, pfn_pte(pfn, init_prot));
347 					last_map_addr = (pfn << PAGE_SHIFT) + PAGE_SIZE;
348 				} else
349 					set_pte(pte, pfn_pte(pfn, prot));
350 			}
351 		}
352 	}
353 	if (mapping_iter == 1) {
354 		/*
355 		 * update direct mapping page count only in the first
356 		 * iteration.
357 		 */
358 		update_page_count(PG_LEVEL_2M, pages_2m);
359 		update_page_count(PG_LEVEL_4K, pages_4k);
360 
361 		/*
362 		 * local global flush tlb, which will flush the previous
363 		 * mappings present in both small and large page TLB's.
364 		 */
365 		__flush_tlb_all();
366 
367 		/*
368 		 * Second iteration will set the actual desired PTE attributes.
369 		 */
370 		mapping_iter = 2;
371 		goto repeat;
372 	}
373 	return last_map_addr;
374 }
375 
376 pte_t *kmap_pte;
377 pgprot_t kmap_prot;
378 
379 static inline pte_t *kmap_get_fixmap_pte(unsigned long vaddr)
380 {
381 	return pte_offset_kernel(pmd_offset(pud_offset(pgd_offset_k(vaddr),
382 			vaddr), vaddr), vaddr);
383 }
384 
385 static void __init kmap_init(void)
386 {
387 	unsigned long kmap_vstart;
388 
389 	/*
390 	 * Cache the first kmap pte:
391 	 */
392 	kmap_vstart = __fix_to_virt(FIX_KMAP_BEGIN);
393 	kmap_pte = kmap_get_fixmap_pte(kmap_vstart);
394 
395 	kmap_prot = PAGE_KERNEL;
396 }
397 
398 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
399 static void __init permanent_kmaps_init(pgd_t *pgd_base)
400 {
401 	unsigned long vaddr;
402 	pgd_t *pgd;
403 	pud_t *pud;
404 	pmd_t *pmd;
405 	pte_t *pte;
406 
407 	vaddr = PKMAP_BASE;
408 	page_table_range_init(vaddr, vaddr + PAGE_SIZE*LAST_PKMAP, pgd_base);
409 
410 	pgd = swapper_pg_dir + pgd_index(vaddr);
411 	pud = pud_offset(pgd, vaddr);
412 	pmd = pmd_offset(pud, vaddr);
413 	pte = pte_offset_kernel(pmd, vaddr);
414 	pkmap_page_table = pte;
415 }
416 
417 static void __init add_one_highpage_init(struct page *page)
418 {
419 	ClearPageReserved(page);
420 	init_page_count(page);
421 	__free_page(page);
422 	totalhigh_pages++;
423 }
424 
425 struct add_highpages_data {
426 	unsigned long start_pfn;
427 	unsigned long end_pfn;
428 };
429 
430 static int __init add_highpages_work_fn(unsigned long start_pfn,
431 					 unsigned long end_pfn, void *datax)
432 {
433 	int node_pfn;
434 	struct page *page;
435 	unsigned long final_start_pfn, final_end_pfn;
436 	struct add_highpages_data *data;
437 
438 	data = (struct add_highpages_data *)datax;
439 
440 	final_start_pfn = max(start_pfn, data->start_pfn);
441 	final_end_pfn = min(end_pfn, data->end_pfn);
442 	if (final_start_pfn >= final_end_pfn)
443 		return 0;
444 
445 	for (node_pfn = final_start_pfn; node_pfn < final_end_pfn;
446 	     node_pfn++) {
447 		if (!pfn_valid(node_pfn))
448 			continue;
449 		page = pfn_to_page(node_pfn);
450 		add_one_highpage_init(page);
451 	}
452 
453 	return 0;
454 
455 }
456 
457 void __init add_highpages_with_active_regions(int nid, unsigned long start_pfn,
458 					      unsigned long end_pfn)
459 {
460 	struct add_highpages_data data;
461 
462 	data.start_pfn = start_pfn;
463 	data.end_pfn = end_pfn;
464 
465 	work_with_active_regions(nid, add_highpages_work_fn, &data);
466 }
467 
468 #else
469 static inline void permanent_kmaps_init(pgd_t *pgd_base)
470 {
471 }
472 #endif /* CONFIG_HIGHMEM */
473 
474 void __init native_pagetable_setup_start(pgd_t *base)
475 {
476 	unsigned long pfn, va;
477 	pgd_t *pgd;
478 	pud_t *pud;
479 	pmd_t *pmd;
480 	pte_t *pte;
481 
482 	/*
483 	 * Remove any mappings which extend past the end of physical
484 	 * memory from the boot time page table:
485 	 */
486 	for (pfn = max_low_pfn + 1; pfn < 1<<(32-PAGE_SHIFT); pfn++) {
487 		va = PAGE_OFFSET + (pfn<<PAGE_SHIFT);
488 		pgd = base + pgd_index(va);
489 		if (!pgd_present(*pgd))
490 			break;
491 
492 		pud = pud_offset(pgd, va);
493 		pmd = pmd_offset(pud, va);
494 		if (!pmd_present(*pmd))
495 			break;
496 
497 		pte = pte_offset_kernel(pmd, va);
498 		if (!pte_present(*pte))
499 			break;
500 
501 		pte_clear(NULL, va, pte);
502 	}
503 	paravirt_alloc_pmd(&init_mm, __pa(base) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
504 }
505 
506 void __init native_pagetable_setup_done(pgd_t *base)
507 {
508 }
509 
510 /*
511  * Build a proper pagetable for the kernel mappings.  Up until this
512  * point, we've been running on some set of pagetables constructed by
513  * the boot process.
514  *
515  * If we're booting on native hardware, this will be a pagetable
516  * constructed in arch/x86/kernel/head_32.S.  The root of the
517  * pagetable will be swapper_pg_dir.
518  *
519  * If we're booting paravirtualized under a hypervisor, then there are
520  * more options: we may already be running PAE, and the pagetable may
521  * or may not be based in swapper_pg_dir.  In any case,
522  * paravirt_pagetable_setup_start() will set up swapper_pg_dir
523  * appropriately for the rest of the initialization to work.
524  *
525  * In general, pagetable_init() assumes that the pagetable may already
526  * be partially populated, and so it avoids stomping on any existing
527  * mappings.
528  */
529 void __init early_ioremap_page_table_range_init(void)
530 {
531 	pgd_t *pgd_base = swapper_pg_dir;
532 	unsigned long vaddr, end;
533 
534 	/*
535 	 * Fixed mappings, only the page table structure has to be
536 	 * created - mappings will be set by set_fixmap():
537 	 */
538 	vaddr = __fix_to_virt(__end_of_fixed_addresses - 1) & PMD_MASK;
539 	end = (FIXADDR_TOP + PMD_SIZE - 1) & PMD_MASK;
540 	page_table_range_init(vaddr, end, pgd_base);
541 	early_ioremap_reset();
542 }
543 
544 static void __init pagetable_init(void)
545 {
546 	pgd_t *pgd_base = swapper_pg_dir;
547 
548 	permanent_kmaps_init(pgd_base);
549 }
550 
551 #ifdef CONFIG_ACPI_SLEEP
552 /*
553  * ACPI suspend needs this for resume, because things like the intel-agp
554  * driver might have split up a kernel 4MB mapping.
555  */
556 char swsusp_pg_dir[PAGE_SIZE]
557 	__attribute__ ((aligned(PAGE_SIZE)));
558 
559 static inline void save_pg_dir(void)
560 {
561 	memcpy(swsusp_pg_dir, swapper_pg_dir, PAGE_SIZE);
562 }
563 #else /* !CONFIG_ACPI_SLEEP */
564 static inline void save_pg_dir(void)
565 {
566 }
567 #endif /* !CONFIG_ACPI_SLEEP */
568 
569 void zap_low_mappings(bool early)
570 {
571 	int i;
572 
573 	/*
574 	 * Zap initial low-memory mappings.
575 	 *
576 	 * Note that "pgd_clear()" doesn't do it for
577 	 * us, because pgd_clear() is a no-op on i386.
578 	 */
579 	for (i = 0; i < KERNEL_PGD_BOUNDARY; i++) {
580 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_PAE
581 		set_pgd(swapper_pg_dir+i, __pgd(1 + __pa(empty_zero_page)));
582 #else
583 		set_pgd(swapper_pg_dir+i, __pgd(0));
584 #endif
585 	}
586 
587 	if (early)
588 		__flush_tlb();
589 	else
590 		flush_tlb_all();
591 }
592 
593 pteval_t __supported_pte_mask __read_mostly = ~(_PAGE_NX | _PAGE_GLOBAL | _PAGE_IOMAP);
594 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(__supported_pte_mask);
595 
596 /* user-defined highmem size */
597 static unsigned int highmem_pages = -1;
598 
599 /*
600  * highmem=size forces highmem to be exactly 'size' bytes.
601  * This works even on boxes that have no highmem otherwise.
602  * This also works to reduce highmem size on bigger boxes.
603  */
604 static int __init parse_highmem(char *arg)
605 {
606 	if (!arg)
607 		return -EINVAL;
608 
609 	highmem_pages = memparse(arg, &arg) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
610 	return 0;
611 }
612 early_param("highmem", parse_highmem);
613 
614 #define MSG_HIGHMEM_TOO_BIG \
615 	"highmem size (%luMB) is bigger than pages available (%luMB)!\n"
616 
617 #define MSG_LOWMEM_TOO_SMALL \
618 	"highmem size (%luMB) results in <64MB lowmem, ignoring it!\n"
619 /*
620  * All of RAM fits into lowmem - but if user wants highmem
621  * artificially via the highmem=x boot parameter then create
622  * it:
623  */
624 void __init lowmem_pfn_init(void)
625 {
626 	/* max_low_pfn is 0, we already have early_res support */
627 	max_low_pfn = max_pfn;
628 
629 	if (highmem_pages == -1)
630 		highmem_pages = 0;
631 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
632 	if (highmem_pages >= max_pfn) {
633 		printk(KERN_ERR MSG_HIGHMEM_TOO_BIG,
634 			pages_to_mb(highmem_pages), pages_to_mb(max_pfn));
635 		highmem_pages = 0;
636 	}
637 	if (highmem_pages) {
638 		if (max_low_pfn - highmem_pages < 64*1024*1024/PAGE_SIZE) {
639 			printk(KERN_ERR MSG_LOWMEM_TOO_SMALL,
640 				pages_to_mb(highmem_pages));
641 			highmem_pages = 0;
642 		}
643 		max_low_pfn -= highmem_pages;
644 	}
645 #else
646 	if (highmem_pages)
647 		printk(KERN_ERR "ignoring highmem size on non-highmem kernel!\n");
648 #endif
649 }
650 
651 #define MSG_HIGHMEM_TOO_SMALL \
652 	"only %luMB highmem pages available, ignoring highmem size of %luMB!\n"
653 
654 #define MSG_HIGHMEM_TRIMMED \
655 	"Warning: only 4GB will be used. Use a HIGHMEM64G enabled kernel!\n"
656 /*
657  * We have more RAM than fits into lowmem - we try to put it into
658  * highmem, also taking the highmem=x boot parameter into account:
659  */
660 void __init highmem_pfn_init(void)
661 {
662 	max_low_pfn = MAXMEM_PFN;
663 
664 	if (highmem_pages == -1)
665 		highmem_pages = max_pfn - MAXMEM_PFN;
666 
667 	if (highmem_pages + MAXMEM_PFN < max_pfn)
668 		max_pfn = MAXMEM_PFN + highmem_pages;
669 
670 	if (highmem_pages + MAXMEM_PFN > max_pfn) {
671 		printk(KERN_WARNING MSG_HIGHMEM_TOO_SMALL,
672 			pages_to_mb(max_pfn - MAXMEM_PFN),
673 			pages_to_mb(highmem_pages));
674 		highmem_pages = 0;
675 	}
676 #ifndef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
677 	/* Maximum memory usable is what is directly addressable */
678 	printk(KERN_WARNING "Warning only %ldMB will be used.\n", MAXMEM>>20);
679 	if (max_pfn > MAX_NONPAE_PFN)
680 		printk(KERN_WARNING "Use a HIGHMEM64G enabled kernel.\n");
681 	else
682 		printk(KERN_WARNING "Use a HIGHMEM enabled kernel.\n");
683 	max_pfn = MAXMEM_PFN;
684 #else /* !CONFIG_HIGHMEM */
685 #ifndef CONFIG_HIGHMEM64G
686 	if (max_pfn > MAX_NONPAE_PFN) {
687 		max_pfn = MAX_NONPAE_PFN;
688 		printk(KERN_WARNING MSG_HIGHMEM_TRIMMED);
689 	}
690 #endif /* !CONFIG_HIGHMEM64G */
691 #endif /* !CONFIG_HIGHMEM */
692 }
693 
694 /*
695  * Determine low and high memory ranges:
696  */
697 void __init find_low_pfn_range(void)
698 {
699 	/* it could update max_pfn */
700 
701 	if (max_pfn <= MAXMEM_PFN)
702 		lowmem_pfn_init();
703 	else
704 		highmem_pfn_init();
705 }
706 
707 #ifndef CONFIG_NEED_MULTIPLE_NODES
708 void __init initmem_init(unsigned long start_pfn, unsigned long end_pfn,
709 				int acpi, int k8)
710 {
711 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
712 	highstart_pfn = highend_pfn = max_pfn;
713 	if (max_pfn > max_low_pfn)
714 		highstart_pfn = max_low_pfn;
715 	e820_register_active_regions(0, 0, highend_pfn);
716 	sparse_memory_present_with_active_regions(0);
717 	printk(KERN_NOTICE "%ldMB HIGHMEM available.\n",
718 		pages_to_mb(highend_pfn - highstart_pfn));
719 	num_physpages = highend_pfn;
720 	high_memory = (void *) __va(highstart_pfn * PAGE_SIZE - 1) + 1;
721 #else
722 	e820_register_active_regions(0, 0, max_low_pfn);
723 	sparse_memory_present_with_active_regions(0);
724 	num_physpages = max_low_pfn;
725 	high_memory = (void *) __va(max_low_pfn * PAGE_SIZE - 1) + 1;
726 #endif
727 #ifdef CONFIG_FLATMEM
728 	max_mapnr = num_physpages;
729 #endif
730 	__vmalloc_start_set = true;
731 
732 	printk(KERN_NOTICE "%ldMB LOWMEM available.\n",
733 			pages_to_mb(max_low_pfn));
734 
735 	setup_bootmem_allocator();
736 }
737 #endif /* !CONFIG_NEED_MULTIPLE_NODES */
738 
739 static void __init zone_sizes_init(void)
740 {
741 	unsigned long max_zone_pfns[MAX_NR_ZONES];
742 	memset(max_zone_pfns, 0, sizeof(max_zone_pfns));
743 	max_zone_pfns[ZONE_DMA] =
744 		virt_to_phys((char *)MAX_DMA_ADDRESS) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
745 	max_zone_pfns[ZONE_NORMAL] = max_low_pfn;
746 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
747 	max_zone_pfns[ZONE_HIGHMEM] = highend_pfn;
748 #endif
749 
750 	free_area_init_nodes(max_zone_pfns);
751 }
752 
753 #ifndef CONFIG_NO_BOOTMEM
754 static unsigned long __init setup_node_bootmem(int nodeid,
755 				 unsigned long start_pfn,
756 				 unsigned long end_pfn,
757 				 unsigned long bootmap)
758 {
759 	unsigned long bootmap_size;
760 
761 	/* don't touch min_low_pfn */
762 	bootmap_size = init_bootmem_node(NODE_DATA(nodeid),
763 					 bootmap >> PAGE_SHIFT,
764 					 start_pfn, end_pfn);
765 	printk(KERN_INFO "  node %d low ram: %08lx - %08lx\n",
766 		nodeid, start_pfn<<PAGE_SHIFT, end_pfn<<PAGE_SHIFT);
767 	printk(KERN_INFO "  node %d bootmap %08lx - %08lx\n",
768 		 nodeid, bootmap, bootmap + bootmap_size);
769 	free_bootmem_with_active_regions(nodeid, end_pfn);
770 
771 	return bootmap + bootmap_size;
772 }
773 #endif
774 
775 void __init setup_bootmem_allocator(void)
776 {
777 #ifndef CONFIG_NO_BOOTMEM
778 	int nodeid;
779 	unsigned long bootmap_size, bootmap;
780 	/*
781 	 * Initialize the boot-time allocator (with low memory only):
782 	 */
783 	bootmap_size = bootmem_bootmap_pages(max_low_pfn)<<PAGE_SHIFT;
784 	bootmap = find_e820_area(0, max_pfn_mapped<<PAGE_SHIFT, bootmap_size,
785 				 PAGE_SIZE);
786 	if (bootmap == -1L)
787 		panic("Cannot find bootmem map of size %ld\n", bootmap_size);
788 	reserve_early(bootmap, bootmap + bootmap_size, "BOOTMAP");
789 #endif
790 
791 	printk(KERN_INFO "  mapped low ram: 0 - %08lx\n",
792 		 max_pfn_mapped<<PAGE_SHIFT);
793 	printk(KERN_INFO "  low ram: 0 - %08lx\n", max_low_pfn<<PAGE_SHIFT);
794 
795 #ifndef CONFIG_NO_BOOTMEM
796 	for_each_online_node(nodeid) {
797 		 unsigned long start_pfn, end_pfn;
798 
799 #ifdef CONFIG_NEED_MULTIPLE_NODES
800 		start_pfn = node_start_pfn[nodeid];
801 		end_pfn = node_end_pfn[nodeid];
802 		if (start_pfn > max_low_pfn)
803 			continue;
804 		if (end_pfn > max_low_pfn)
805 			end_pfn = max_low_pfn;
806 #else
807 		start_pfn = 0;
808 		end_pfn = max_low_pfn;
809 #endif
810 		bootmap = setup_node_bootmem(nodeid, start_pfn, end_pfn,
811 						 bootmap);
812 	}
813 #endif
814 
815 	after_bootmem = 1;
816 }
817 
818 /*
819  * paging_init() sets up the page tables - note that the first 8MB are
820  * already mapped by head.S.
821  *
822  * This routines also unmaps the page at virtual kernel address 0, so
823  * that we can trap those pesky NULL-reference errors in the kernel.
824  */
825 void __init paging_init(void)
826 {
827 	pagetable_init();
828 
829 	__flush_tlb_all();
830 
831 	kmap_init();
832 
833 	/*
834 	 * NOTE: at this point the bootmem allocator is fully available.
835 	 */
836 	sparse_init();
837 	zone_sizes_init();
838 }
839 
840 /*
841  * Test if the WP bit works in supervisor mode. It isn't supported on 386's
842  * and also on some strange 486's. All 586+'s are OK. This used to involve
843  * black magic jumps to work around some nasty CPU bugs, but fortunately the
844  * switch to using exceptions got rid of all that.
845  */
846 static void __init test_wp_bit(void)
847 {
848 	printk(KERN_INFO
849   "Checking if this processor honours the WP bit even in supervisor mode...");
850 
851 	/* Any page-aligned address will do, the test is non-destructive */
852 	__set_fixmap(FIX_WP_TEST, __pa(&swapper_pg_dir), PAGE_READONLY);
853 	boot_cpu_data.wp_works_ok = do_test_wp_bit();
854 	clear_fixmap(FIX_WP_TEST);
855 
856 	if (!boot_cpu_data.wp_works_ok) {
857 		printk(KERN_CONT "No.\n");
858 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_WP_WORKS_OK
859 		panic(
860   "This kernel doesn't support CPU's with broken WP. Recompile it for a 386!");
861 #endif
862 	} else {
863 		printk(KERN_CONT "Ok.\n");
864 	}
865 }
866 
867 void __init mem_init(void)
868 {
869 	int codesize, reservedpages, datasize, initsize;
870 	int tmp;
871 
872 	pci_iommu_alloc();
873 
874 #ifdef CONFIG_FLATMEM
875 	BUG_ON(!mem_map);
876 #endif
877 	/* this will put all low memory onto the freelists */
878 	totalram_pages += free_all_bootmem();
879 
880 	reservedpages = 0;
881 	for (tmp = 0; tmp < max_low_pfn; tmp++)
882 		/*
883 		 * Only count reserved RAM pages:
884 		 */
885 		if (page_is_ram(tmp) && PageReserved(pfn_to_page(tmp)))
886 			reservedpages++;
887 
888 	set_highmem_pages_init();
889 
890 	codesize =  (unsigned long) &_etext - (unsigned long) &_text;
891 	datasize =  (unsigned long) &_edata - (unsigned long) &_etext;
892 	initsize =  (unsigned long) &__init_end - (unsigned long) &__init_begin;
893 
894 	printk(KERN_INFO "Memory: %luk/%luk available (%dk kernel code, "
895 			"%dk reserved, %dk data, %dk init, %ldk highmem)\n",
896 		nr_free_pages() << (PAGE_SHIFT-10),
897 		num_physpages << (PAGE_SHIFT-10),
898 		codesize >> 10,
899 		reservedpages << (PAGE_SHIFT-10),
900 		datasize >> 10,
901 		initsize >> 10,
902 		totalhigh_pages << (PAGE_SHIFT-10));
903 
904 	printk(KERN_INFO "virtual kernel memory layout:\n"
905 		"    fixmap  : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx   (%4ld kB)\n"
906 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
907 		"    pkmap   : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx   (%4ld kB)\n"
908 #endif
909 		"    vmalloc : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx   (%4ld MB)\n"
910 		"    lowmem  : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx   (%4ld MB)\n"
911 		"      .init : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx   (%4ld kB)\n"
912 		"      .data : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx   (%4ld kB)\n"
913 		"      .text : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx   (%4ld kB)\n",
914 		FIXADDR_START, FIXADDR_TOP,
915 		(FIXADDR_TOP - FIXADDR_START) >> 10,
916 
917 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
918 		PKMAP_BASE, PKMAP_BASE+LAST_PKMAP*PAGE_SIZE,
919 		(LAST_PKMAP*PAGE_SIZE) >> 10,
920 #endif
921 
922 		VMALLOC_START, VMALLOC_END,
923 		(VMALLOC_END - VMALLOC_START) >> 20,
924 
925 		(unsigned long)__va(0), (unsigned long)high_memory,
926 		((unsigned long)high_memory - (unsigned long)__va(0)) >> 20,
927 
928 		(unsigned long)&__init_begin, (unsigned long)&__init_end,
929 		((unsigned long)&__init_end -
930 		 (unsigned long)&__init_begin) >> 10,
931 
932 		(unsigned long)&_etext, (unsigned long)&_edata,
933 		((unsigned long)&_edata - (unsigned long)&_etext) >> 10,
934 
935 		(unsigned long)&_text, (unsigned long)&_etext,
936 		((unsigned long)&_etext - (unsigned long)&_text) >> 10);
937 
938 	/*
939 	 * Check boundaries twice: Some fundamental inconsistencies can
940 	 * be detected at build time already.
941 	 */
942 #define __FIXADDR_TOP (-PAGE_SIZE)
943 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
944 	BUILD_BUG_ON(PKMAP_BASE + LAST_PKMAP*PAGE_SIZE	> FIXADDR_START);
945 	BUILD_BUG_ON(VMALLOC_END			> PKMAP_BASE);
946 #endif
947 #define high_memory (-128UL << 20)
948 	BUILD_BUG_ON(VMALLOC_START			>= VMALLOC_END);
949 #undef high_memory
950 #undef __FIXADDR_TOP
951 
952 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
953 	BUG_ON(PKMAP_BASE + LAST_PKMAP*PAGE_SIZE	> FIXADDR_START);
954 	BUG_ON(VMALLOC_END				> PKMAP_BASE);
955 #endif
956 	BUG_ON(VMALLOC_START				>= VMALLOC_END);
957 	BUG_ON((unsigned long)high_memory		> VMALLOC_START);
958 
959 	if (boot_cpu_data.wp_works_ok < 0)
960 		test_wp_bit();
961 
962 	save_pg_dir();
963 	zap_low_mappings(true);
964 }
965 
966 #ifdef CONFIG_MEMORY_HOTPLUG
967 int arch_add_memory(int nid, u64 start, u64 size)
968 {
969 	struct pglist_data *pgdata = NODE_DATA(nid);
970 	struct zone *zone = pgdata->node_zones + ZONE_HIGHMEM;
971 	unsigned long start_pfn = start >> PAGE_SHIFT;
972 	unsigned long nr_pages = size >> PAGE_SHIFT;
973 
974 	return __add_pages(nid, zone, start_pfn, nr_pages);
975 }
976 #endif
977 
978 /*
979  * This function cannot be __init, since exceptions don't work in that
980  * section.  Put this after the callers, so that it cannot be inlined.
981  */
982 static noinline int do_test_wp_bit(void)
983 {
984 	char tmp_reg;
985 	int flag;
986 
987 	__asm__ __volatile__(
988 		"	movb %0, %1	\n"
989 		"1:	movb %1, %0	\n"
990 		"	xorl %2, %2	\n"
991 		"2:			\n"
992 		_ASM_EXTABLE(1b,2b)
993 		:"=m" (*(char *)fix_to_virt(FIX_WP_TEST)),
994 		 "=q" (tmp_reg),
995 		 "=r" (flag)
996 		:"2" (1)
997 		:"memory");
998 
999 	return flag;
1000 }
1001 
1002 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_RODATA
1003 const int rodata_test_data = 0xC3;
1004 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(rodata_test_data);
1005 
1006 int kernel_set_to_readonly __read_mostly;
1007 
1008 void set_kernel_text_rw(void)
1009 {
1010 	unsigned long start = PFN_ALIGN(_text);
1011 	unsigned long size = PFN_ALIGN(_etext) - start;
1012 
1013 	if (!kernel_set_to_readonly)
1014 		return;
1015 
1016 	pr_debug("Set kernel text: %lx - %lx for read write\n",
1017 		 start, start+size);
1018 
1019 	set_pages_rw(virt_to_page(start), size >> PAGE_SHIFT);
1020 }
1021 
1022 void set_kernel_text_ro(void)
1023 {
1024 	unsigned long start = PFN_ALIGN(_text);
1025 	unsigned long size = PFN_ALIGN(_etext) - start;
1026 
1027 	if (!kernel_set_to_readonly)
1028 		return;
1029 
1030 	pr_debug("Set kernel text: %lx - %lx for read only\n",
1031 		 start, start+size);
1032 
1033 	set_pages_ro(virt_to_page(start), size >> PAGE_SHIFT);
1034 }
1035 
1036 void mark_rodata_ro(void)
1037 {
1038 	unsigned long start = PFN_ALIGN(_text);
1039 	unsigned long size = PFN_ALIGN(_etext) - start;
1040 
1041 	set_pages_ro(virt_to_page(start), size >> PAGE_SHIFT);
1042 	printk(KERN_INFO "Write protecting the kernel text: %luk\n",
1043 		size >> 10);
1044 
1045 	kernel_set_to_readonly = 1;
1046 
1047 #ifdef CONFIG_CPA_DEBUG
1048 	printk(KERN_INFO "Testing CPA: Reverting %lx-%lx\n",
1049 		start, start+size);
1050 	set_pages_rw(virt_to_page(start), size>>PAGE_SHIFT);
1051 
1052 	printk(KERN_INFO "Testing CPA: write protecting again\n");
1053 	set_pages_ro(virt_to_page(start), size>>PAGE_SHIFT);
1054 #endif
1055 
1056 	start += size;
1057 	size = (unsigned long)__end_rodata - start;
1058 	set_pages_ro(virt_to_page(start), size >> PAGE_SHIFT);
1059 	printk(KERN_INFO "Write protecting the kernel read-only data: %luk\n",
1060 		size >> 10);
1061 	rodata_test();
1062 
1063 #ifdef CONFIG_CPA_DEBUG
1064 	printk(KERN_INFO "Testing CPA: undo %lx-%lx\n", start, start + size);
1065 	set_pages_rw(virt_to_page(start), size >> PAGE_SHIFT);
1066 
1067 	printk(KERN_INFO "Testing CPA: write protecting again\n");
1068 	set_pages_ro(virt_to_page(start), size >> PAGE_SHIFT);
1069 #endif
1070 }
1071 #endif
1072 
1073 int __init reserve_bootmem_generic(unsigned long phys, unsigned long len,
1074 				   int flags)
1075 {
1076 	return reserve_bootmem(phys, len, flags);
1077 }
1078