xref: /linux/arch/x86/kernel/static_call.c (revision 24168c5e6dfbdd5b414f048f47f75d64533296ca)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
2 #include <linux/static_call.h>
3 #include <linux/memory.h>
4 #include <linux/bug.h>
5 #include <asm/text-patching.h>
6 
7 enum insn_type {
8 	CALL = 0, /* site call */
9 	NOP = 1,  /* site cond-call */
10 	JMP = 2,  /* tramp / site tail-call */
11 	RET = 3,  /* tramp / site cond-tail-call */
12 	JCC = 4,
13 };
14 
15 /*
16  * ud1 %esp, %ecx - a 3 byte #UD that is unique to trampolines, chosen such
17  * that there is no false-positive trampoline identification while also being a
18  * speculation stop.
19  */
20 static const u8 tramp_ud[] = { 0x0f, 0xb9, 0xcc };
21 
22 /*
23  * cs cs cs xorl %eax, %eax - a single 5 byte instruction that clears %[er]ax
24  */
25 static const u8 xor5rax[] = { 0x2e, 0x2e, 0x2e, 0x31, 0xc0 };
26 
27 static const u8 retinsn[] = { RET_INSN_OPCODE, 0xcc, 0xcc, 0xcc, 0xcc };
28 
29 static u8 __is_Jcc(u8 *insn) /* Jcc.d32 */
30 {
31 	u8 ret = 0;
32 
33 	if (insn[0] == 0x0f) {
34 		u8 tmp = insn[1];
35 		if ((tmp & 0xf0) == 0x80)
36 			ret = tmp;
37 	}
38 
39 	return ret;
40 }
41 
42 extern void __static_call_return(void);
43 
44 asm (".global __static_call_return\n\t"
45      ".type __static_call_return, @function\n\t"
46      ASM_FUNC_ALIGN "\n\t"
47      "__static_call_return:\n\t"
48      ANNOTATE_NOENDBR
49      ANNOTATE_RETPOLINE_SAFE
50      "ret; int3\n\t"
51      ".size __static_call_return, . - __static_call_return \n\t");
52 
53 static void __ref __static_call_transform(void *insn, enum insn_type type,
54 					  void *func, bool modinit)
55 {
56 	const void *emulate = NULL;
57 	int size = CALL_INSN_SIZE;
58 	const void *code;
59 	u8 op, buf[6];
60 
61 	if ((type == JMP || type == RET) && (op = __is_Jcc(insn)))
62 		type = JCC;
63 
64 	switch (type) {
65 	case CALL:
66 		func = callthunks_translate_call_dest(func);
67 		code = text_gen_insn(CALL_INSN_OPCODE, insn, func);
68 		if (func == &__static_call_return0) {
69 			emulate = code;
70 			code = &xor5rax;
71 		}
72 
73 		break;
74 
75 	case NOP:
76 		code = x86_nops[5];
77 		break;
78 
79 	case JMP:
80 		code = text_gen_insn(JMP32_INSN_OPCODE, insn, func);
81 		break;
82 
83 	case RET:
84 		if (cpu_feature_enabled(X86_FEATURE_RETHUNK))
85 			code = text_gen_insn(JMP32_INSN_OPCODE, insn, x86_return_thunk);
86 		else
87 			code = &retinsn;
88 		break;
89 
90 	case JCC:
91 		if (!func) {
92 			func = __static_call_return;
93 			if (cpu_feature_enabled(X86_FEATURE_RETHUNK))
94 				func = x86_return_thunk;
95 		}
96 
97 		buf[0] = 0x0f;
98 		__text_gen_insn(buf+1, op, insn+1, func, 5);
99 		code = buf;
100 		size = 6;
101 
102 		break;
103 	}
104 
105 	if (memcmp(insn, code, size) == 0)
106 		return;
107 
108 	if (system_state == SYSTEM_BOOTING || modinit)
109 		return text_poke_early(insn, code, size);
110 
111 	text_poke_bp(insn, code, size, emulate);
112 }
113 
114 static void __static_call_validate(u8 *insn, bool tail, bool tramp)
115 {
116 	u8 opcode = insn[0];
117 
118 	if (tramp && memcmp(insn+5, tramp_ud, 3)) {
119 		pr_err("trampoline signature fail");
120 		BUG();
121 	}
122 
123 	if (tail) {
124 		if (opcode == JMP32_INSN_OPCODE ||
125 		    opcode == RET_INSN_OPCODE ||
126 		    __is_Jcc(insn))
127 			return;
128 	} else {
129 		if (opcode == CALL_INSN_OPCODE ||
130 		    !memcmp(insn, x86_nops[5], 5) ||
131 		    !memcmp(insn, xor5rax, 5))
132 			return;
133 	}
134 
135 	/*
136 	 * If we ever trigger this, our text is corrupt, we'll probably not live long.
137 	 */
138 	pr_err("unexpected static_call insn opcode 0x%x at %pS\n", opcode, insn);
139 	BUG();
140 }
141 
142 static inline enum insn_type __sc_insn(bool null, bool tail)
143 {
144 	/*
145 	 * Encode the following table without branches:
146 	 *
147 	 *	tail	null	insn
148 	 *	-----+-------+------
149 	 *	  0  |   0   |  CALL
150 	 *	  0  |   1   |  NOP
151 	 *	  1  |   0   |  JMP
152 	 *	  1  |   1   |  RET
153 	 */
154 	return 2*tail + null;
155 }
156 
157 void arch_static_call_transform(void *site, void *tramp, void *func, bool tail)
158 {
159 	mutex_lock(&text_mutex);
160 
161 	if (tramp) {
162 		__static_call_validate(tramp, true, true);
163 		__static_call_transform(tramp, __sc_insn(!func, true), func, false);
164 	}
165 
166 	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_HAVE_STATIC_CALL_INLINE) && site) {
167 		__static_call_validate(site, tail, false);
168 		__static_call_transform(site, __sc_insn(!func, tail), func, false);
169 	}
170 
171 	mutex_unlock(&text_mutex);
172 }
173 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(arch_static_call_transform);
174 
175 #ifdef CONFIG_MITIGATION_RETHUNK
176 /*
177  * This is called by apply_returns() to fix up static call trampolines,
178  * specifically ARCH_DEFINE_STATIC_CALL_NULL_TRAMP which is recorded as
179  * having a return trampoline.
180  *
181  * The problem is that static_call() is available before determining
182  * X86_FEATURE_RETHUNK and, by implication, running alternatives.
183  *
184  * This means that __static_call_transform() above can have overwritten the
185  * return trampoline and we now need to fix things up to be consistent.
186  */
187 bool __static_call_fixup(void *tramp, u8 op, void *dest)
188 {
189 	unsigned long addr = (unsigned long)tramp;
190 	/*
191 	 * Not all .return_sites are a static_call trampoline (most are not).
192 	 * Check if the 3 bytes after the return are still kernel text, if not,
193 	 * then this definitely is not a trampoline and we need not worry
194 	 * further.
195 	 *
196 	 * This avoids the memcmp() below tripping over pagefaults etc..
197 	 */
198 	if (((addr >> PAGE_SHIFT) != ((addr + 7) >> PAGE_SHIFT)) &&
199 	    !kernel_text_address(addr + 7))
200 		return false;
201 
202 	if (memcmp(tramp+5, tramp_ud, 3)) {
203 		/* Not a trampoline site, not our problem. */
204 		return false;
205 	}
206 
207 	mutex_lock(&text_mutex);
208 	if (op == RET_INSN_OPCODE || dest == &__x86_return_thunk)
209 		__static_call_transform(tramp, RET, NULL, true);
210 	mutex_unlock(&text_mutex);
211 
212 	return true;
213 }
214 #endif
215