xref: /linux/arch/x86/kernel/smp.c (revision 80d443e8876602be2c130f79c4de81e12e2a700d)
1 /*
2  *	Intel SMP support routines.
3  *
4  *	(c) 1995 Alan Cox, Building #3 <alan@lxorguk.ukuu.org.uk>
5  *	(c) 1998-99, 2000, 2009 Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
6  *      (c) 2002,2003 Andi Kleen, SuSE Labs.
7  *
8  *	i386 and x86_64 integration by Glauber Costa <gcosta@redhat.com>
9  *
10  *	This code is released under the GNU General Public License version 2 or
11  *	later.
12  */
13 
14 #include <linux/init.h>
15 
16 #include <linux/mm.h>
17 #include <linux/delay.h>
18 #include <linux/spinlock.h>
19 #include <linux/export.h>
20 #include <linux/kernel_stat.h>
21 #include <linux/mc146818rtc.h>
22 #include <linux/cache.h>
23 #include <linux/interrupt.h>
24 #include <linux/cpu.h>
25 #include <linux/gfp.h>
26 
27 #include <asm/mtrr.h>
28 #include <asm/tlbflush.h>
29 #include <asm/mmu_context.h>
30 #include <asm/proto.h>
31 #include <asm/apic.h>
32 #include <asm/nmi.h>
33 #include <asm/mce.h>
34 #include <asm/trace/irq_vectors.h>
35 #include <asm/kexec.h>
36 
37 /*
38  *	Some notes on x86 processor bugs affecting SMP operation:
39  *
40  *	Pentium, Pentium Pro, II, III (and all CPUs) have bugs.
41  *	The Linux implications for SMP are handled as follows:
42  *
43  *	Pentium III / [Xeon]
44  *		None of the E1AP-E3AP errata are visible to the user.
45  *
46  *	E1AP.	see PII A1AP
47  *	E2AP.	see PII A2AP
48  *	E3AP.	see PII A3AP
49  *
50  *	Pentium II / [Xeon]
51  *		None of the A1AP-A3AP errata are visible to the user.
52  *
53  *	A1AP.	see PPro 1AP
54  *	A2AP.	see PPro 2AP
55  *	A3AP.	see PPro 7AP
56  *
57  *	Pentium Pro
58  *		None of 1AP-9AP errata are visible to the normal user,
59  *	except occasional delivery of 'spurious interrupt' as trap #15.
60  *	This is very rare and a non-problem.
61  *
62  *	1AP.	Linux maps APIC as non-cacheable
63  *	2AP.	worked around in hardware
64  *	3AP.	fixed in C0 and above steppings microcode update.
65  *		Linux does not use excessive STARTUP_IPIs.
66  *	4AP.	worked around in hardware
67  *	5AP.	symmetric IO mode (normal Linux operation) not affected.
68  *		'noapic' mode has vector 0xf filled out properly.
69  *	6AP.	'noapic' mode might be affected - fixed in later steppings
70  *	7AP.	We do not assume writes to the LVT deassering IRQs
71  *	8AP.	We do not enable low power mode (deep sleep) during MP bootup
72  *	9AP.	We do not use mixed mode
73  *
74  *	Pentium
75  *		There is a marginal case where REP MOVS on 100MHz SMP
76  *	machines with B stepping processors can fail. XXX should provide
77  *	an L1cache=Writethrough or L1cache=off option.
78  *
79  *		B stepping CPUs may hang. There are hardware work arounds
80  *	for this. We warn about it in case your board doesn't have the work
81  *	arounds. Basically that's so I can tell anyone with a B stepping
82  *	CPU and SMP problems "tough".
83  *
84  *	Specific items [From Pentium Processor Specification Update]
85  *
86  *	1AP.	Linux doesn't use remote read
87  *	2AP.	Linux doesn't trust APIC errors
88  *	3AP.	We work around this
89  *	4AP.	Linux never generated 3 interrupts of the same priority
90  *		to cause a lost local interrupt.
91  *	5AP.	Remote read is never used
92  *	6AP.	not affected - worked around in hardware
93  *	7AP.	not affected - worked around in hardware
94  *	8AP.	worked around in hardware - we get explicit CS errors if not
95  *	9AP.	only 'noapic' mode affected. Might generate spurious
96  *		interrupts, we log only the first one and count the
97  *		rest silently.
98  *	10AP.	not affected - worked around in hardware
99  *	11AP.	Linux reads the APIC between writes to avoid this, as per
100  *		the documentation. Make sure you preserve this as it affects
101  *		the C stepping chips too.
102  *	12AP.	not affected - worked around in hardware
103  *	13AP.	not affected - worked around in hardware
104  *	14AP.	we always deassert INIT during bootup
105  *	15AP.	not affected - worked around in hardware
106  *	16AP.	not affected - worked around in hardware
107  *	17AP.	not affected - worked around in hardware
108  *	18AP.	not affected - worked around in hardware
109  *	19AP.	not affected - worked around in BIOS
110  *
111  *	If this sounds worrying believe me these bugs are either ___RARE___,
112  *	or are signal timing bugs worked around in hardware and there's
113  *	about nothing of note with C stepping upwards.
114  */
115 
116 static atomic_t stopping_cpu = ATOMIC_INIT(-1);
117 static bool smp_no_nmi_ipi = false;
118 
119 /*
120  * this function sends a 'reschedule' IPI to another CPU.
121  * it goes straight through and wastes no time serializing
122  * anything. Worst case is that we lose a reschedule ...
123  */
124 static void native_smp_send_reschedule(int cpu)
125 {
126 	if (unlikely(cpu_is_offline(cpu))) {
127 		WARN_ON(1);
128 		return;
129 	}
130 	apic->send_IPI(cpu, RESCHEDULE_VECTOR);
131 }
132 
133 void native_send_call_func_single_ipi(int cpu)
134 {
135 	apic->send_IPI(cpu, CALL_FUNCTION_SINGLE_VECTOR);
136 }
137 
138 void native_send_call_func_ipi(const struct cpumask *mask)
139 {
140 	cpumask_var_t allbutself;
141 
142 	if (!alloc_cpumask_var(&allbutself, GFP_ATOMIC)) {
143 		apic->send_IPI_mask(mask, CALL_FUNCTION_VECTOR);
144 		return;
145 	}
146 
147 	cpumask_copy(allbutself, cpu_online_mask);
148 	cpumask_clear_cpu(smp_processor_id(), allbutself);
149 
150 	if (cpumask_equal(mask, allbutself) &&
151 	    cpumask_equal(cpu_online_mask, cpu_callout_mask))
152 		apic->send_IPI_allbutself(CALL_FUNCTION_VECTOR);
153 	else
154 		apic->send_IPI_mask(mask, CALL_FUNCTION_VECTOR);
155 
156 	free_cpumask_var(allbutself);
157 }
158 
159 static int smp_stop_nmi_callback(unsigned int val, struct pt_regs *regs)
160 {
161 	/* We are registered on stopping cpu too, avoid spurious NMI */
162 	if (raw_smp_processor_id() == atomic_read(&stopping_cpu))
163 		return NMI_HANDLED;
164 
165 	stop_this_cpu(NULL);
166 
167 	return NMI_HANDLED;
168 }
169 
170 /*
171  * this function calls the 'stop' function on all other CPUs in the system.
172  */
173 
174 asmlinkage __visible void smp_reboot_interrupt(void)
175 {
176 	ipi_entering_ack_irq();
177 	stop_this_cpu(NULL);
178 	irq_exit();
179 }
180 
181 static void native_stop_other_cpus(int wait)
182 {
183 	unsigned long flags;
184 	unsigned long timeout;
185 
186 	if (reboot_force)
187 		return;
188 
189 	/*
190 	 * Use an own vector here because smp_call_function
191 	 * does lots of things not suitable in a panic situation.
192 	 */
193 
194 	/*
195 	 * We start by using the REBOOT_VECTOR irq.
196 	 * The irq is treated as a sync point to allow critical
197 	 * regions of code on other cpus to release their spin locks
198 	 * and re-enable irqs.  Jumping straight to an NMI might
199 	 * accidentally cause deadlocks with further shutdown/panic
200 	 * code.  By syncing, we give the cpus up to one second to
201 	 * finish their work before we force them off with the NMI.
202 	 */
203 	if (num_online_cpus() > 1) {
204 		/* did someone beat us here? */
205 		if (atomic_cmpxchg(&stopping_cpu, -1, safe_smp_processor_id()) != -1)
206 			return;
207 
208 		/* sync above data before sending IRQ */
209 		wmb();
210 
211 		apic->send_IPI_allbutself(REBOOT_VECTOR);
212 
213 		/*
214 		 * Don't wait longer than a second if the caller
215 		 * didn't ask us to wait.
216 		 */
217 		timeout = USEC_PER_SEC;
218 		while (num_online_cpus() > 1 && (wait || timeout--))
219 			udelay(1);
220 	}
221 
222 	/* if the REBOOT_VECTOR didn't work, try with the NMI */
223 	if ((num_online_cpus() > 1) && (!smp_no_nmi_ipi))  {
224 		if (register_nmi_handler(NMI_LOCAL, smp_stop_nmi_callback,
225 					 NMI_FLAG_FIRST, "smp_stop"))
226 			/* Note: we ignore failures here */
227 			/* Hope the REBOOT_IRQ is good enough */
228 			goto finish;
229 
230 		/* sync above data before sending IRQ */
231 		wmb();
232 
233 		pr_emerg("Shutting down cpus with NMI\n");
234 
235 		apic->send_IPI_allbutself(NMI_VECTOR);
236 
237 		/*
238 		 * Don't wait longer than a 10 ms if the caller
239 		 * didn't ask us to wait.
240 		 */
241 		timeout = USEC_PER_MSEC * 10;
242 		while (num_online_cpus() > 1 && (wait || timeout--))
243 			udelay(1);
244 	}
245 
246 finish:
247 	local_irq_save(flags);
248 	disable_local_APIC();
249 	mcheck_cpu_clear(this_cpu_ptr(&cpu_info));
250 	local_irq_restore(flags);
251 }
252 
253 /*
254  * Reschedule call back.
255  */
256 static inline void __smp_reschedule_interrupt(void)
257 {
258 	inc_irq_stat(irq_resched_count);
259 	scheduler_ipi();
260 }
261 
262 __visible void smp_reschedule_interrupt(struct pt_regs *regs)
263 {
264 	ack_APIC_irq();
265 	__smp_reschedule_interrupt();
266 	/*
267 	 * KVM uses this interrupt to force a cpu out of guest mode
268 	 */
269 }
270 
271 __visible void smp_trace_reschedule_interrupt(struct pt_regs *regs)
272 {
273 	/*
274 	 * Need to call irq_enter() before calling the trace point.
275 	 * __smp_reschedule_interrupt() calls irq_enter/exit() too (in
276 	 * scheduler_ipi(). This is OK, since those functions are allowed
277 	 * to nest.
278 	 */
279 	ipi_entering_ack_irq();
280 	trace_reschedule_entry(RESCHEDULE_VECTOR);
281 	__smp_reschedule_interrupt();
282 	trace_reschedule_exit(RESCHEDULE_VECTOR);
283 	exiting_irq();
284 	/*
285 	 * KVM uses this interrupt to force a cpu out of guest mode
286 	 */
287 }
288 
289 static inline void __smp_call_function_interrupt(void)
290 {
291 	generic_smp_call_function_interrupt();
292 	inc_irq_stat(irq_call_count);
293 }
294 
295 __visible void smp_call_function_interrupt(struct pt_regs *regs)
296 {
297 	ipi_entering_ack_irq();
298 	__smp_call_function_interrupt();
299 	exiting_irq();
300 }
301 
302 __visible void smp_trace_call_function_interrupt(struct pt_regs *regs)
303 {
304 	ipi_entering_ack_irq();
305 	trace_call_function_entry(CALL_FUNCTION_VECTOR);
306 	__smp_call_function_interrupt();
307 	trace_call_function_exit(CALL_FUNCTION_VECTOR);
308 	exiting_irq();
309 }
310 
311 static inline void __smp_call_function_single_interrupt(void)
312 {
313 	generic_smp_call_function_single_interrupt();
314 	inc_irq_stat(irq_call_count);
315 }
316 
317 __visible void smp_call_function_single_interrupt(struct pt_regs *regs)
318 {
319 	ipi_entering_ack_irq();
320 	__smp_call_function_single_interrupt();
321 	exiting_irq();
322 }
323 
324 __visible void smp_trace_call_function_single_interrupt(struct pt_regs *regs)
325 {
326 	ipi_entering_ack_irq();
327 	trace_call_function_single_entry(CALL_FUNCTION_SINGLE_VECTOR);
328 	__smp_call_function_single_interrupt();
329 	trace_call_function_single_exit(CALL_FUNCTION_SINGLE_VECTOR);
330 	exiting_irq();
331 }
332 
333 static int __init nonmi_ipi_setup(char *str)
334 {
335 	smp_no_nmi_ipi = true;
336 	return 1;
337 }
338 
339 __setup("nonmi_ipi", nonmi_ipi_setup);
340 
341 struct smp_ops smp_ops = {
342 	.smp_prepare_boot_cpu	= native_smp_prepare_boot_cpu,
343 	.smp_prepare_cpus	= native_smp_prepare_cpus,
344 	.smp_cpus_done		= native_smp_cpus_done,
345 
346 	.stop_other_cpus	= native_stop_other_cpus,
347 #if defined(CONFIG_KEXEC_CORE)
348 	.crash_stop_other_cpus	= kdump_nmi_shootdown_cpus,
349 #endif
350 	.smp_send_reschedule	= native_smp_send_reschedule,
351 
352 	.cpu_up			= native_cpu_up,
353 	.cpu_die		= native_cpu_die,
354 	.cpu_disable		= native_cpu_disable,
355 	.play_dead		= native_play_dead,
356 
357 	.send_call_func_ipi	= native_send_call_func_ipi,
358 	.send_call_func_single_ipi = native_send_call_func_single_ipi,
359 };
360 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(smp_ops);
361