xref: /linux/arch/x86/kernel/setup.c (revision fea966f7564205fcf5919af9bde031e753419c96)
1 /*
2  *  Copyright (C) 1995  Linus Torvalds
3  *
4  *  Support of BIGMEM added by Gerhard Wichert, Siemens AG, July 1999
5  *
6  *  Memory region support
7  *	David Parsons <orc@pell.chi.il.us>, July-August 1999
8  *
9  *  Added E820 sanitization routine (removes overlapping memory regions);
10  *  Brian Moyle <bmoyle@mvista.com>, February 2001
11  *
12  * Moved CPU detection code to cpu/${cpu}.c
13  *    Patrick Mochel <mochel@osdl.org>, March 2002
14  *
15  *  Provisions for empty E820 memory regions (reported by certain BIOSes).
16  *  Alex Achenbach <xela@slit.de>, December 2002.
17  *
18  */
19 
20 /*
21  * This file handles the architecture-dependent parts of initialization
22  */
23 
24 #include <linux/sched.h>
25 #include <linux/mm.h>
26 #include <linux/mmzone.h>
27 #include <linux/screen_info.h>
28 #include <linux/ioport.h>
29 #include <linux/acpi.h>
30 #include <linux/apm_bios.h>
31 #include <linux/initrd.h>
32 #include <linux/bootmem.h>
33 #include <linux/seq_file.h>
34 #include <linux/console.h>
35 #include <linux/mca.h>
36 #include <linux/root_dev.h>
37 #include <linux/highmem.h>
38 #include <linux/module.h>
39 #include <linux/efi.h>
40 #include <linux/init.h>
41 #include <linux/edd.h>
42 #include <linux/iscsi_ibft.h>
43 #include <linux/nodemask.h>
44 #include <linux/kexec.h>
45 #include <linux/dmi.h>
46 #include <linux/pfn.h>
47 #include <linux/pci.h>
48 #include <asm/pci-direct.h>
49 #include <linux/init_ohci1394_dma.h>
50 #include <linux/kvm_para.h>
51 
52 #include <linux/errno.h>
53 #include <linux/kernel.h>
54 #include <linux/stddef.h>
55 #include <linux/unistd.h>
56 #include <linux/ptrace.h>
57 #include <linux/slab.h>
58 #include <linux/user.h>
59 #include <linux/delay.h>
60 
61 #include <linux/kallsyms.h>
62 #include <linux/cpufreq.h>
63 #include <linux/dma-mapping.h>
64 #include <linux/ctype.h>
65 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
66 
67 #include <linux/percpu.h>
68 #include <linux/crash_dump.h>
69 
70 #include <video/edid.h>
71 
72 #include <asm/mtrr.h>
73 #include <asm/apic.h>
74 #include <asm/e820.h>
75 #include <asm/mpspec.h>
76 #include <asm/setup.h>
77 #include <asm/efi.h>
78 #include <asm/timer.h>
79 #include <asm/i8259.h>
80 #include <asm/sections.h>
81 #include <asm/dmi.h>
82 #include <asm/io_apic.h>
83 #include <asm/ist.h>
84 #include <asm/vmi.h>
85 #include <asm/setup_arch.h>
86 #include <asm/bios_ebda.h>
87 #include <asm/cacheflush.h>
88 #include <asm/processor.h>
89 #include <asm/bugs.h>
90 
91 #include <asm/system.h>
92 #include <asm/vsyscall.h>
93 #include <asm/cpu.h>
94 #include <asm/desc.h>
95 #include <asm/dma.h>
96 #include <asm/iommu.h>
97 #include <asm/gart.h>
98 #include <asm/mmu_context.h>
99 #include <asm/proto.h>
100 
101 #include <asm/paravirt.h>
102 #include <asm/hypervisor.h>
103 
104 #include <asm/percpu.h>
105 #include <asm/topology.h>
106 #include <asm/apicdef.h>
107 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
108 #include <asm/numa_64.h>
109 #endif
110 
111 #ifndef ARCH_SETUP
112 #define ARCH_SETUP
113 #endif
114 
115 /*
116  * end_pfn only includes RAM, while max_pfn_mapped includes all e820 entries.
117  * The direct mapping extends to max_pfn_mapped, so that we can directly access
118  * apertures, ACPI and other tables without having to play with fixmaps.
119  */
120 unsigned long max_low_pfn_mapped;
121 unsigned long max_pfn_mapped;
122 
123 RESERVE_BRK(dmi_alloc, 65536);
124 
125 unsigned int boot_cpu_id __read_mostly;
126 
127 static __initdata unsigned long _brk_start = (unsigned long)__brk_base;
128 unsigned long _brk_end = (unsigned long)__brk_base;
129 
130 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
131 int default_cpu_present_to_apicid(int mps_cpu)
132 {
133 	return __default_cpu_present_to_apicid(mps_cpu);
134 }
135 
136 int default_check_phys_apicid_present(int boot_cpu_physical_apicid)
137 {
138 	return __default_check_phys_apicid_present(boot_cpu_physical_apicid);
139 }
140 #endif
141 
142 #ifndef CONFIG_DEBUG_BOOT_PARAMS
143 struct boot_params __initdata boot_params;
144 #else
145 struct boot_params boot_params;
146 #endif
147 
148 /*
149  * Machine setup..
150  */
151 static struct resource data_resource = {
152 	.name	= "Kernel data",
153 	.start	= 0,
154 	.end	= 0,
155 	.flags	= IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_MEM
156 };
157 
158 static struct resource code_resource = {
159 	.name	= "Kernel code",
160 	.start	= 0,
161 	.end	= 0,
162 	.flags	= IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_MEM
163 };
164 
165 static struct resource bss_resource = {
166 	.name	= "Kernel bss",
167 	.start	= 0,
168 	.end	= 0,
169 	.flags	= IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_MEM
170 };
171 
172 
173 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
174 static struct resource video_ram_resource = {
175 	.name	= "Video RAM area",
176 	.start	= 0xa0000,
177 	.end	= 0xbffff,
178 	.flags	= IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_MEM
179 };
180 
181 /* cpu data as detected by the assembly code in head.S */
182 struct cpuinfo_x86 new_cpu_data __cpuinitdata = {0, 0, 0, 0, -1, 1, 0, 0, -1};
183 /* common cpu data for all cpus */
184 struct cpuinfo_x86 boot_cpu_data __read_mostly = {0, 0, 0, 0, -1, 1, 0, 0, -1};
185 EXPORT_SYMBOL(boot_cpu_data);
186 static void set_mca_bus(int x)
187 {
188 #ifdef CONFIG_MCA
189 	MCA_bus = x;
190 #endif
191 }
192 
193 unsigned int def_to_bigsmp;
194 
195 /* for MCA, but anyone else can use it if they want */
196 unsigned int machine_id;
197 unsigned int machine_submodel_id;
198 unsigned int BIOS_revision;
199 
200 struct apm_info apm_info;
201 EXPORT_SYMBOL(apm_info);
202 
203 #if defined(CONFIG_X86_SPEEDSTEP_SMI) || \
204 	defined(CONFIG_X86_SPEEDSTEP_SMI_MODULE)
205 struct ist_info ist_info;
206 EXPORT_SYMBOL(ist_info);
207 #else
208 struct ist_info ist_info;
209 #endif
210 
211 #else
212 struct cpuinfo_x86 boot_cpu_data __read_mostly = {
213 	.x86_phys_bits = MAX_PHYSMEM_BITS,
214 };
215 EXPORT_SYMBOL(boot_cpu_data);
216 #endif
217 
218 
219 #if !defined(CONFIG_X86_PAE) || defined(CONFIG_X86_64)
220 unsigned long mmu_cr4_features;
221 #else
222 unsigned long mmu_cr4_features = X86_CR4_PAE;
223 #endif
224 
225 /* Boot loader ID and version as integers, for the benefit of proc_dointvec */
226 int bootloader_type, bootloader_version;
227 
228 /*
229  * Setup options
230  */
231 struct screen_info screen_info;
232 EXPORT_SYMBOL(screen_info);
233 struct edid_info edid_info;
234 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(edid_info);
235 
236 extern int root_mountflags;
237 
238 unsigned long saved_video_mode;
239 
240 #define RAMDISK_IMAGE_START_MASK	0x07FF
241 #define RAMDISK_PROMPT_FLAG		0x8000
242 #define RAMDISK_LOAD_FLAG		0x4000
243 
244 static char __initdata command_line[COMMAND_LINE_SIZE];
245 #ifdef CONFIG_CMDLINE_BOOL
246 static char __initdata builtin_cmdline[COMMAND_LINE_SIZE] = CONFIG_CMDLINE;
247 #endif
248 
249 #if defined(CONFIG_EDD) || defined(CONFIG_EDD_MODULE)
250 struct edd edd;
251 #ifdef CONFIG_EDD_MODULE
252 EXPORT_SYMBOL(edd);
253 #endif
254 /**
255  * copy_edd() - Copy the BIOS EDD information
256  *              from boot_params into a safe place.
257  *
258  */
259 static inline void copy_edd(void)
260 {
261      memcpy(edd.mbr_signature, boot_params.edd_mbr_sig_buffer,
262 	    sizeof(edd.mbr_signature));
263      memcpy(edd.edd_info, boot_params.eddbuf, sizeof(edd.edd_info));
264      edd.mbr_signature_nr = boot_params.edd_mbr_sig_buf_entries;
265      edd.edd_info_nr = boot_params.eddbuf_entries;
266 }
267 #else
268 static inline void copy_edd(void)
269 {
270 }
271 #endif
272 
273 void * __init extend_brk(size_t size, size_t align)
274 {
275 	size_t mask = align - 1;
276 	void *ret;
277 
278 	BUG_ON(_brk_start == 0);
279 	BUG_ON(align & mask);
280 
281 	_brk_end = (_brk_end + mask) & ~mask;
282 	BUG_ON((char *)(_brk_end + size) > __brk_limit);
283 
284 	ret = (void *)_brk_end;
285 	_brk_end += size;
286 
287 	memset(ret, 0, size);
288 
289 	return ret;
290 }
291 
292 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
293 static void __init init_gbpages(void)
294 {
295 	if (direct_gbpages && cpu_has_gbpages)
296 		printk(KERN_INFO "Using GB pages for direct mapping\n");
297 	else
298 		direct_gbpages = 0;
299 }
300 #else
301 static inline void init_gbpages(void)
302 {
303 }
304 #endif
305 
306 static void __init reserve_brk(void)
307 {
308 	if (_brk_end > _brk_start)
309 		reserve_early(__pa(_brk_start), __pa(_brk_end), "BRK");
310 
311 	/* Mark brk area as locked down and no longer taking any
312 	   new allocations */
313 	_brk_start = 0;
314 }
315 
316 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
317 
318 #define MAX_MAP_CHUNK	(NR_FIX_BTMAPS << PAGE_SHIFT)
319 static void __init relocate_initrd(void)
320 {
321 
322 	u64 ramdisk_image = boot_params.hdr.ramdisk_image;
323 	u64 ramdisk_size  = boot_params.hdr.ramdisk_size;
324 	u64 end_of_lowmem = max_low_pfn_mapped << PAGE_SHIFT;
325 	u64 ramdisk_here;
326 	unsigned long slop, clen, mapaddr;
327 	char *p, *q;
328 
329 	/* We need to move the initrd down into lowmem */
330 	ramdisk_here = find_e820_area(0, end_of_lowmem, ramdisk_size,
331 					 PAGE_SIZE);
332 
333 	if (ramdisk_here == -1ULL)
334 		panic("Cannot find place for new RAMDISK of size %lld\n",
335 			 ramdisk_size);
336 
337 	/* Note: this includes all the lowmem currently occupied by
338 	   the initrd, we rely on that fact to keep the data intact. */
339 	reserve_early(ramdisk_here, ramdisk_here + ramdisk_size,
340 			 "NEW RAMDISK");
341 	initrd_start = ramdisk_here + PAGE_OFFSET;
342 	initrd_end   = initrd_start + ramdisk_size;
343 	printk(KERN_INFO "Allocated new RAMDISK: %08llx - %08llx\n",
344 			 ramdisk_here, ramdisk_here + ramdisk_size);
345 
346 	q = (char *)initrd_start;
347 
348 	/* Copy any lowmem portion of the initrd */
349 	if (ramdisk_image < end_of_lowmem) {
350 		clen = end_of_lowmem - ramdisk_image;
351 		p = (char *)__va(ramdisk_image);
352 		memcpy(q, p, clen);
353 		q += clen;
354 		ramdisk_image += clen;
355 		ramdisk_size  -= clen;
356 	}
357 
358 	/* Copy the highmem portion of the initrd */
359 	while (ramdisk_size) {
360 		slop = ramdisk_image & ~PAGE_MASK;
361 		clen = ramdisk_size;
362 		if (clen > MAX_MAP_CHUNK-slop)
363 			clen = MAX_MAP_CHUNK-slop;
364 		mapaddr = ramdisk_image & PAGE_MASK;
365 		p = early_memremap(mapaddr, clen+slop);
366 		memcpy(q, p+slop, clen);
367 		early_iounmap(p, clen+slop);
368 		q += clen;
369 		ramdisk_image += clen;
370 		ramdisk_size  -= clen;
371 	}
372 	/* high pages is not converted by early_res_to_bootmem */
373 	ramdisk_image = boot_params.hdr.ramdisk_image;
374 	ramdisk_size  = boot_params.hdr.ramdisk_size;
375 	printk(KERN_INFO "Move RAMDISK from %016llx - %016llx to"
376 		" %08llx - %08llx\n",
377 		ramdisk_image, ramdisk_image + ramdisk_size - 1,
378 		ramdisk_here, ramdisk_here + ramdisk_size - 1);
379 }
380 
381 static void __init reserve_initrd(void)
382 {
383 	u64 ramdisk_image = boot_params.hdr.ramdisk_image;
384 	u64 ramdisk_size  = boot_params.hdr.ramdisk_size;
385 	u64 ramdisk_end   = ramdisk_image + ramdisk_size;
386 	u64 end_of_lowmem = max_low_pfn_mapped << PAGE_SHIFT;
387 
388 	if (!boot_params.hdr.type_of_loader ||
389 	    !ramdisk_image || !ramdisk_size)
390 		return;		/* No initrd provided by bootloader */
391 
392 	initrd_start = 0;
393 
394 	if (ramdisk_size >= (end_of_lowmem>>1)) {
395 		free_early(ramdisk_image, ramdisk_end);
396 		printk(KERN_ERR "initrd too large to handle, "
397 		       "disabling initrd\n");
398 		return;
399 	}
400 
401 	printk(KERN_INFO "RAMDISK: %08llx - %08llx\n", ramdisk_image,
402 			ramdisk_end);
403 
404 
405 	if (ramdisk_end <= end_of_lowmem) {
406 		/* All in lowmem, easy case */
407 		/*
408 		 * don't need to reserve again, already reserved early
409 		 * in i386_start_kernel
410 		 */
411 		initrd_start = ramdisk_image + PAGE_OFFSET;
412 		initrd_end = initrd_start + ramdisk_size;
413 		return;
414 	}
415 
416 	relocate_initrd();
417 
418 	free_early(ramdisk_image, ramdisk_end);
419 }
420 #else
421 static void __init reserve_initrd(void)
422 {
423 }
424 #endif /* CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD */
425 
426 static void __init parse_setup_data(void)
427 {
428 	struct setup_data *data;
429 	u64 pa_data;
430 
431 	if (boot_params.hdr.version < 0x0209)
432 		return;
433 	pa_data = boot_params.hdr.setup_data;
434 	while (pa_data) {
435 		data = early_memremap(pa_data, PAGE_SIZE);
436 		switch (data->type) {
437 		case SETUP_E820_EXT:
438 			parse_e820_ext(data, pa_data);
439 			break;
440 		default:
441 			break;
442 		}
443 		pa_data = data->next;
444 		early_iounmap(data, PAGE_SIZE);
445 	}
446 }
447 
448 static void __init e820_reserve_setup_data(void)
449 {
450 	struct setup_data *data;
451 	u64 pa_data;
452 	int found = 0;
453 
454 	if (boot_params.hdr.version < 0x0209)
455 		return;
456 	pa_data = boot_params.hdr.setup_data;
457 	while (pa_data) {
458 		data = early_memremap(pa_data, sizeof(*data));
459 		e820_update_range(pa_data, sizeof(*data)+data->len,
460 			 E820_RAM, E820_RESERVED_KERN);
461 		found = 1;
462 		pa_data = data->next;
463 		early_iounmap(data, sizeof(*data));
464 	}
465 	if (!found)
466 		return;
467 
468 	sanitize_e820_map(e820.map, ARRAY_SIZE(e820.map), &e820.nr_map);
469 	memcpy(&e820_saved, &e820, sizeof(struct e820map));
470 	printk(KERN_INFO "extended physical RAM map:\n");
471 	e820_print_map("reserve setup_data");
472 }
473 
474 static void __init reserve_early_setup_data(void)
475 {
476 	struct setup_data *data;
477 	u64 pa_data;
478 	char buf[32];
479 
480 	if (boot_params.hdr.version < 0x0209)
481 		return;
482 	pa_data = boot_params.hdr.setup_data;
483 	while (pa_data) {
484 		data = early_memremap(pa_data, sizeof(*data));
485 		sprintf(buf, "setup data %x", data->type);
486 		reserve_early(pa_data, pa_data+sizeof(*data)+data->len, buf);
487 		pa_data = data->next;
488 		early_iounmap(data, sizeof(*data));
489 	}
490 }
491 
492 /*
493  * --------- Crashkernel reservation ------------------------------
494  */
495 
496 #ifdef CONFIG_KEXEC
497 
498 /**
499  * Reserve @size bytes of crashkernel memory at any suitable offset.
500  *
501  * @size: Size of the crashkernel memory to reserve.
502  * Returns the base address on success, and -1ULL on failure.
503  */
504 static
505 unsigned long long __init find_and_reserve_crashkernel(unsigned long long size)
506 {
507 	const unsigned long long alignment = 16<<20; 	/* 16M */
508 	unsigned long long start = 0LL;
509 
510 	while (1) {
511 		int ret;
512 
513 		start = find_e820_area(start, ULONG_MAX, size, alignment);
514 		if (start == -1ULL)
515 			return start;
516 
517 		/* try to reserve it */
518 		ret = reserve_bootmem_generic(start, size, BOOTMEM_EXCLUSIVE);
519 		if (ret >= 0)
520 			return start;
521 
522 		start += alignment;
523 	}
524 }
525 
526 static inline unsigned long long get_total_mem(void)
527 {
528 	unsigned long long total;
529 
530 	total = max_low_pfn - min_low_pfn;
531 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
532 	total += highend_pfn - highstart_pfn;
533 #endif
534 
535 	return total << PAGE_SHIFT;
536 }
537 
538 static void __init reserve_crashkernel(void)
539 {
540 	unsigned long long total_mem;
541 	unsigned long long crash_size, crash_base;
542 	int ret;
543 
544 	total_mem = get_total_mem();
545 
546 	ret = parse_crashkernel(boot_command_line, total_mem,
547 			&crash_size, &crash_base);
548 	if (ret != 0 || crash_size <= 0)
549 		return;
550 
551 	/* 0 means: find the address automatically */
552 	if (crash_base <= 0) {
553 		crash_base = find_and_reserve_crashkernel(crash_size);
554 		if (crash_base == -1ULL) {
555 			pr_info("crashkernel reservation failed. "
556 				"No suitable area found.\n");
557 			return;
558 		}
559 	} else {
560 		ret = reserve_bootmem_generic(crash_base, crash_size,
561 					BOOTMEM_EXCLUSIVE);
562 		if (ret < 0) {
563 			pr_info("crashkernel reservation failed - "
564 				"memory is in use\n");
565 			return;
566 		}
567 	}
568 
569 	printk(KERN_INFO "Reserving %ldMB of memory at %ldMB "
570 			"for crashkernel (System RAM: %ldMB)\n",
571 			(unsigned long)(crash_size >> 20),
572 			(unsigned long)(crash_base >> 20),
573 			(unsigned long)(total_mem >> 20));
574 
575 	crashk_res.start = crash_base;
576 	crashk_res.end   = crash_base + crash_size - 1;
577 	insert_resource(&iomem_resource, &crashk_res);
578 }
579 #else
580 static void __init reserve_crashkernel(void)
581 {
582 }
583 #endif
584 
585 static struct resource standard_io_resources[] = {
586 	{ .name = "dma1", .start = 0x00, .end = 0x1f,
587 		.flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
588 	{ .name = "pic1", .start = 0x20, .end = 0x21,
589 		.flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
590 	{ .name = "timer0", .start = 0x40, .end = 0x43,
591 		.flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
592 	{ .name = "timer1", .start = 0x50, .end = 0x53,
593 		.flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
594 	{ .name = "keyboard", .start = 0x60, .end = 0x60,
595 		.flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
596 	{ .name = "keyboard", .start = 0x64, .end = 0x64,
597 		.flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
598 	{ .name = "dma page reg", .start = 0x80, .end = 0x8f,
599 		.flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
600 	{ .name = "pic2", .start = 0xa0, .end = 0xa1,
601 		.flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
602 	{ .name = "dma2", .start = 0xc0, .end = 0xdf,
603 		.flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
604 	{ .name = "fpu", .start = 0xf0, .end = 0xff,
605 		.flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO }
606 };
607 
608 static void __init reserve_standard_io_resources(void)
609 {
610 	int i;
611 
612 	/* request I/O space for devices used on all i[345]86 PCs */
613 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(standard_io_resources); i++)
614 		request_resource(&ioport_resource, &standard_io_resources[i]);
615 
616 }
617 
618 /*
619  * Note: elfcorehdr_addr is not just limited to vmcore. It is also used by
620  * is_kdump_kernel() to determine if we are booting after a panic. Hence
621  * ifdef it under CONFIG_CRASH_DUMP and not CONFIG_PROC_VMCORE.
622  */
623 
624 #ifdef CONFIG_CRASH_DUMP
625 /* elfcorehdr= specifies the location of elf core header
626  * stored by the crashed kernel. This option will be passed
627  * by kexec loader to the capture kernel.
628  */
629 static int __init setup_elfcorehdr(char *arg)
630 {
631 	char *end;
632 	if (!arg)
633 		return -EINVAL;
634 	elfcorehdr_addr = memparse(arg, &end);
635 	return end > arg ? 0 : -EINVAL;
636 }
637 early_param("elfcorehdr", setup_elfcorehdr);
638 #endif
639 
640 static struct x86_quirks default_x86_quirks __initdata;
641 
642 struct x86_quirks *x86_quirks __initdata = &default_x86_quirks;
643 
644 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_RESERVE_LOW_64K
645 static int __init dmi_low_memory_corruption(const struct dmi_system_id *d)
646 {
647 	printk(KERN_NOTICE
648 		"%s detected: BIOS may corrupt low RAM, working around it.\n",
649 		d->ident);
650 
651 	e820_update_range(0, 0x10000, E820_RAM, E820_RESERVED);
652 	sanitize_e820_map(e820.map, ARRAY_SIZE(e820.map), &e820.nr_map);
653 
654 	return 0;
655 }
656 #endif
657 
658 /* List of systems that have known low memory corruption BIOS problems */
659 static struct dmi_system_id __initdata bad_bios_dmi_table[] = {
660 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_RESERVE_LOW_64K
661 	{
662 		.callback = dmi_low_memory_corruption,
663 		.ident = "AMI BIOS",
664 		.matches = {
665 			DMI_MATCH(DMI_BIOS_VENDOR, "American Megatrends Inc."),
666 		},
667 	},
668 	{
669 		.callback = dmi_low_memory_corruption,
670 		.ident = "Phoenix BIOS",
671 		.matches = {
672 			DMI_MATCH(DMI_BIOS_VENDOR, "Phoenix Technologies"),
673 		},
674 	},
675 	{
676 	/*
677 	 * AMI BIOS with low memory corruption was found on Intel DG45ID board.
678 	 * It hase different DMI_BIOS_VENDOR = "Intel Corp.", for now we will
679 	 * match only DMI_BOARD_NAME and see if there is more bad products
680 	 * with this vendor.
681 	 */
682 		.callback = dmi_low_memory_corruption,
683 		.ident = "AMI BIOS",
684 		.matches = {
685 			DMI_MATCH(DMI_BOARD_NAME, "DG45ID"),
686 		},
687 	},
688 #endif
689 	{}
690 };
691 
692 /*
693  * Determine if we were loaded by an EFI loader.  If so, then we have also been
694  * passed the efi memmap, systab, etc., so we should use these data structures
695  * for initialization.  Note, the efi init code path is determined by the
696  * global efi_enabled. This allows the same kernel image to be used on existing
697  * systems (with a traditional BIOS) as well as on EFI systems.
698  */
699 /*
700  * setup_arch - architecture-specific boot-time initializations
701  *
702  * Note: On x86_64, fixmaps are ready for use even before this is called.
703  */
704 
705 void __init setup_arch(char **cmdline_p)
706 {
707 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
708 	memcpy(&boot_cpu_data, &new_cpu_data, sizeof(new_cpu_data));
709 	visws_early_detect();
710 #else
711 	printk(KERN_INFO "Command line: %s\n", boot_command_line);
712 #endif
713 
714 	/* VMI may relocate the fixmap; do this before touching ioremap area */
715 	vmi_init();
716 
717 	early_cpu_init();
718 	early_ioremap_init();
719 
720 	ROOT_DEV = old_decode_dev(boot_params.hdr.root_dev);
721 	screen_info = boot_params.screen_info;
722 	edid_info = boot_params.edid_info;
723 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
724 	apm_info.bios = boot_params.apm_bios_info;
725 	ist_info = boot_params.ist_info;
726 	if (boot_params.sys_desc_table.length != 0) {
727 		set_mca_bus(boot_params.sys_desc_table.table[3] & 0x2);
728 		machine_id = boot_params.sys_desc_table.table[0];
729 		machine_submodel_id = boot_params.sys_desc_table.table[1];
730 		BIOS_revision = boot_params.sys_desc_table.table[2];
731 	}
732 #endif
733 	saved_video_mode = boot_params.hdr.vid_mode;
734 	bootloader_type = boot_params.hdr.type_of_loader;
735 	if ((bootloader_type >> 4) == 0xe) {
736 		bootloader_type &= 0xf;
737 		bootloader_type |= (boot_params.hdr.ext_loader_type+0x10) << 4;
738 	}
739 	bootloader_version  = bootloader_type & 0xf;
740 	bootloader_version |= boot_params.hdr.ext_loader_ver << 4;
741 
742 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_RAM
743 	rd_image_start = boot_params.hdr.ram_size & RAMDISK_IMAGE_START_MASK;
744 	rd_prompt = ((boot_params.hdr.ram_size & RAMDISK_PROMPT_FLAG) != 0);
745 	rd_doload = ((boot_params.hdr.ram_size & RAMDISK_LOAD_FLAG) != 0);
746 #endif
747 #ifdef CONFIG_EFI
748 	if (!strncmp((char *)&boot_params.efi_info.efi_loader_signature,
749 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
750 		     "EL32",
751 #else
752 		     "EL64",
753 #endif
754 	 4)) {
755 		efi_enabled = 1;
756 		efi_reserve_early();
757 	}
758 #endif
759 
760 	ARCH_SETUP
761 
762 	setup_memory_map();
763 	parse_setup_data();
764 	/* update the e820_saved too */
765 	e820_reserve_setup_data();
766 
767 	copy_edd();
768 
769 	if (!boot_params.hdr.root_flags)
770 		root_mountflags &= ~MS_RDONLY;
771 	init_mm.start_code = (unsigned long) _text;
772 	init_mm.end_code = (unsigned long) _etext;
773 	init_mm.end_data = (unsigned long) _edata;
774 	init_mm.brk = _brk_end;
775 
776 	code_resource.start = virt_to_phys(_text);
777 	code_resource.end = virt_to_phys(_etext)-1;
778 	data_resource.start = virt_to_phys(_etext);
779 	data_resource.end = virt_to_phys(_edata)-1;
780 	bss_resource.start = virt_to_phys(&__bss_start);
781 	bss_resource.end = virt_to_phys(&__bss_stop)-1;
782 
783 #ifdef CONFIG_CMDLINE_BOOL
784 #ifdef CONFIG_CMDLINE_OVERRIDE
785 	strlcpy(boot_command_line, builtin_cmdline, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
786 #else
787 	if (builtin_cmdline[0]) {
788 		/* append boot loader cmdline to builtin */
789 		strlcat(builtin_cmdline, " ", COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
790 		strlcat(builtin_cmdline, boot_command_line, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
791 		strlcpy(boot_command_line, builtin_cmdline, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
792 	}
793 #endif
794 #endif
795 
796 	strlcpy(command_line, boot_command_line, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
797 	*cmdline_p = command_line;
798 
799 	parse_early_param();
800 
801 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
802 	check_efer();
803 #endif
804 
805 	/* Must be before kernel pagetables are setup */
806 	vmi_activate();
807 
808 	/* after early param, so could get panic from serial */
809 	reserve_early_setup_data();
810 
811 	if (acpi_mps_check()) {
812 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_LOCAL_APIC
813 		disable_apic = 1;
814 #endif
815 		setup_clear_cpu_cap(X86_FEATURE_APIC);
816 	}
817 
818 #ifdef CONFIG_PCI
819 	if (pci_early_dump_regs)
820 		early_dump_pci_devices();
821 #endif
822 
823 	finish_e820_parsing();
824 
825 	if (efi_enabled)
826 		efi_init();
827 
828 	dmi_scan_machine();
829 
830 	dmi_check_system(bad_bios_dmi_table);
831 
832 	/*
833 	 * VMware detection requires dmi to be available, so this
834 	 * needs to be done after dmi_scan_machine, for the BP.
835 	 */
836 	init_hypervisor(&boot_cpu_data);
837 
838 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
839 	probe_roms();
840 #endif
841 
842 	/* after parse_early_param, so could debug it */
843 	insert_resource(&iomem_resource, &code_resource);
844 	insert_resource(&iomem_resource, &data_resource);
845 	insert_resource(&iomem_resource, &bss_resource);
846 
847 
848 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
849 	if (ppro_with_ram_bug()) {
850 		e820_update_range(0x70000000ULL, 0x40000ULL, E820_RAM,
851 				  E820_RESERVED);
852 		sanitize_e820_map(e820.map, ARRAY_SIZE(e820.map), &e820.nr_map);
853 		printk(KERN_INFO "fixed physical RAM map:\n");
854 		e820_print_map("bad_ppro");
855 	}
856 #else
857 	early_gart_iommu_check();
858 #endif
859 
860 	/*
861 	 * partially used pages are not usable - thus
862 	 * we are rounding upwards:
863 	 */
864 	max_pfn = e820_end_of_ram_pfn();
865 
866 	/* preallocate 4k for mptable mpc */
867 	early_reserve_e820_mpc_new();
868 	/* update e820 for memory not covered by WB MTRRs */
869 	mtrr_bp_init();
870 	if (mtrr_trim_uncached_memory(max_pfn))
871 		max_pfn = e820_end_of_ram_pfn();
872 
873 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
874 	/* max_low_pfn get updated here */
875 	find_low_pfn_range();
876 #else
877 	num_physpages = max_pfn;
878 
879 	check_x2apic();
880 
881 	/* How many end-of-memory variables you have, grandma! */
882 	/* need this before calling reserve_initrd */
883 	if (max_pfn > (1UL<<(32 - PAGE_SHIFT)))
884 		max_low_pfn = e820_end_of_low_ram_pfn();
885 	else
886 		max_low_pfn = max_pfn;
887 
888 	high_memory = (void *)__va(max_pfn * PAGE_SIZE - 1) + 1;
889 	max_pfn_mapped = KERNEL_IMAGE_SIZE >> PAGE_SHIFT;
890 #endif
891 
892 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_CHECK_BIOS_CORRUPTION
893 	setup_bios_corruption_check();
894 #endif
895 
896 	printk(KERN_DEBUG "initial memory mapped : 0 - %08lx\n",
897 			max_pfn_mapped<<PAGE_SHIFT);
898 
899 	reserve_brk();
900 
901 	init_gbpages();
902 
903 	/* max_pfn_mapped is updated here */
904 	max_low_pfn_mapped = init_memory_mapping(0, max_low_pfn<<PAGE_SHIFT);
905 	max_pfn_mapped = max_low_pfn_mapped;
906 
907 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
908 	if (max_pfn > max_low_pfn) {
909 		max_pfn_mapped = init_memory_mapping(1UL<<32,
910 						     max_pfn<<PAGE_SHIFT);
911 		/* can we preseve max_low_pfn ?*/
912 		max_low_pfn = max_pfn;
913 	}
914 #endif
915 
916 	/*
917 	 * NOTE: On x86-32, only from this point on, fixmaps are ready for use.
918 	 */
919 
920 #ifdef CONFIG_PROVIDE_OHCI1394_DMA_INIT
921 	if (init_ohci1394_dma_early)
922 		init_ohci1394_dma_on_all_controllers();
923 #endif
924 
925 	reserve_initrd();
926 
927 	vsmp_init();
928 
929 	io_delay_init();
930 
931 	/*
932 	 * Parse the ACPI tables for possible boot-time SMP configuration.
933 	 */
934 	acpi_boot_table_init();
935 
936 	early_acpi_boot_init();
937 
938 #ifdef CONFIG_ACPI_NUMA
939 	/*
940 	 * Parse SRAT to discover nodes.
941 	 */
942 	acpi_numa_init();
943 #endif
944 
945 	initmem_init(0, max_pfn);
946 
947 #ifdef CONFIG_ACPI_SLEEP
948 	/*
949 	 * Reserve low memory region for sleep support.
950 	 */
951 	acpi_reserve_bootmem();
952 #endif
953 	/*
954 	 * Find and reserve possible boot-time SMP configuration:
955 	 */
956 	find_smp_config();
957 
958 	reserve_crashkernel();
959 
960 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
961 	/*
962 	 * dma32_reserve_bootmem() allocates bootmem which may conflict
963 	 * with the crashkernel command line, so do that after
964 	 * reserve_crashkernel()
965 	 */
966 	dma32_reserve_bootmem();
967 #endif
968 
969 	reserve_ibft_region();
970 
971 #ifdef CONFIG_KVM_CLOCK
972 	kvmclock_init();
973 #endif
974 
975 	paravirt_pagetable_setup_start(swapper_pg_dir);
976 	paging_init();
977 	paravirt_pagetable_setup_done(swapper_pg_dir);
978 	paravirt_post_allocator_init();
979 
980 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
981 	map_vsyscall();
982 #endif
983 
984 	generic_apic_probe();
985 
986 	early_quirks();
987 
988 	/*
989 	 * Read APIC and some other early information from ACPI tables.
990 	 */
991 	acpi_boot_init();
992 
993 #if defined(CONFIG_X86_MPPARSE) || defined(CONFIG_X86_VISWS)
994 	/*
995 	 * get boot-time SMP configuration:
996 	 */
997 	if (smp_found_config)
998 		get_smp_config();
999 #endif
1000 
1001 	prefill_possible_map();
1002 
1003 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
1004 	init_cpu_to_node();
1005 #endif
1006 
1007 	init_apic_mappings();
1008 	ioapic_init_mappings();
1009 
1010 	/* need to wait for io_apic is mapped */
1011 	probe_nr_irqs_gsi();
1012 
1013 	kvm_guest_init();
1014 
1015 	e820_reserve_resources();
1016 	e820_mark_nosave_regions(max_low_pfn);
1017 
1018 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
1019 	request_resource(&iomem_resource, &video_ram_resource);
1020 #endif
1021 	reserve_standard_io_resources();
1022 
1023 	e820_setup_gap();
1024 
1025 #ifdef CONFIG_VT
1026 #if defined(CONFIG_VGA_CONSOLE)
1027 	if (!efi_enabled || (efi_mem_type(0xa0000) != EFI_CONVENTIONAL_MEMORY))
1028 		conswitchp = &vga_con;
1029 #elif defined(CONFIG_DUMMY_CONSOLE)
1030 	conswitchp = &dummy_con;
1031 #endif
1032 #endif
1033 }
1034 
1035 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
1036 
1037 /**
1038  * x86_quirk_intr_init - post gate setup interrupt initialisation
1039  *
1040  * Description:
1041  *	Fill in any interrupts that may have been left out by the general
1042  *	init_IRQ() routine.  interrupts having to do with the machine rather
1043  *	than the devices on the I/O bus (like APIC interrupts in intel MP
1044  *	systems) are started here.
1045  **/
1046 void __init x86_quirk_intr_init(void)
1047 {
1048 	if (x86_quirks->arch_intr_init) {
1049 		if (x86_quirks->arch_intr_init())
1050 			return;
1051 	}
1052 }
1053 
1054 /**
1055  * x86_quirk_trap_init - initialise system specific traps
1056  *
1057  * Description:
1058  *	Called as the final act of trap_init().  Used in VISWS to initialise
1059  *	the various board specific APIC traps.
1060  **/
1061 void __init x86_quirk_trap_init(void)
1062 {
1063 	if (x86_quirks->arch_trap_init) {
1064 		if (x86_quirks->arch_trap_init())
1065 			return;
1066 	}
1067 }
1068 
1069 static struct irqaction irq0  = {
1070 	.handler = timer_interrupt,
1071 	.flags = IRQF_DISABLED | IRQF_NOBALANCING | IRQF_IRQPOLL | IRQF_TIMER,
1072 	.name = "timer"
1073 };
1074 
1075 /**
1076  * x86_quirk_pre_time_init - do any specific initialisations before.
1077  *
1078  **/
1079 void __init x86_quirk_pre_time_init(void)
1080 {
1081 	if (x86_quirks->arch_pre_time_init)
1082 		x86_quirks->arch_pre_time_init();
1083 }
1084 
1085 /**
1086  * x86_quirk_time_init - do any specific initialisations for the system timer.
1087  *
1088  * Description:
1089  *	Must plug the system timer interrupt source at HZ into the IRQ listed
1090  *	in irq_vectors.h:TIMER_IRQ
1091  **/
1092 void __init x86_quirk_time_init(void)
1093 {
1094 	if (x86_quirks->arch_time_init) {
1095 		/*
1096 		 * A nonzero return code does not mean failure, it means
1097 		 * that the architecture quirk does not want any
1098 		 * generic (timer) setup to be performed after this:
1099 		 */
1100 		if (x86_quirks->arch_time_init())
1101 			return;
1102 	}
1103 
1104 	irq0.mask = cpumask_of_cpu(0);
1105 	setup_irq(0, &irq0);
1106 }
1107 #endif /* CONFIG_X86_32 */
1108