1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only 2 /* 3 * Copyright (C) 1995 Linus Torvalds 4 * 5 * This file contains the setup_arch() code, which handles the architecture-dependent 6 * parts of early kernel initialization. 7 */ 8 #include <linux/acpi.h> 9 #include <linux/bootconfig.h> 10 #include <linux/console.h> 11 #include <linux/cpu.h> 12 #include <linux/crash_dump.h> 13 #include <linux/dma-map-ops.h> 14 #include <linux/efi.h> 15 #include <linux/hugetlb.h> 16 #include <linux/ima.h> 17 #include <linux/init_ohci1394_dma.h> 18 #include <linux/initrd.h> 19 #include <linux/iscsi_ibft.h> 20 #include <linux/kexec_handover.h> 21 #include <linux/memblock.h> 22 #include <linux/panic_notifier.h> 23 #include <linux/pci.h> 24 #include <linux/random.h> 25 #include <linux/root_dev.h> 26 #include <linux/static_call.h> 27 #include <linux/sysfb.h> 28 #include <linux/swiotlb.h> 29 #include <linux/tboot.h> 30 #include <linux/usb/xhci-dbgp.h> 31 #include <linux/vmalloc.h> 32 33 #include <uapi/linux/mount.h> 34 35 #include <xen/xen.h> 36 37 #include <asm/apic.h> 38 #include <asm/bios_ebda.h> 39 #include <asm/bugs.h> 40 #include <asm/cacheinfo.h> 41 #include <asm/coco.h> 42 #include <asm/cpu.h> 43 #include <asm/efi.h> 44 #include <asm/gart.h> 45 #include <asm/hypervisor.h> 46 #include <asm/io_apic.h> 47 #include <asm/kasan.h> 48 #include <asm/kaslr.h> 49 #include <asm/mce.h> 50 #include <asm/memtype.h> 51 #include <asm/mtrr.h> 52 #include <asm/nmi.h> 53 #include <asm/numa.h> 54 #include <asm/olpc_ofw.h> 55 #include <asm/pci-direct.h> 56 #include <asm/prom.h> 57 #include <asm/proto.h> 58 #include <asm/realmode.h> 59 #include <asm/thermal.h> 60 #include <asm/unwind.h> 61 #include <asm/vsyscall.h> 62 63 /* 64 * max_low_pfn_mapped: highest directly mapped pfn < 4 GB 65 * max_pfn_mapped: highest directly mapped pfn > 4 GB 66 * 67 * The direct mapping only covers E820_TYPE_RAM regions, so the ranges and gaps are 68 * represented by pfn_mapped[]. 69 */ 70 unsigned long max_low_pfn_mapped; 71 unsigned long max_pfn_mapped; 72 73 #ifdef CONFIG_DMI 74 RESERVE_BRK(dmi_alloc, 65536); 75 #endif 76 77 78 unsigned long _brk_start = (unsigned long)__brk_base; 79 unsigned long _brk_end = (unsigned long)__brk_base; 80 81 struct boot_params boot_params; 82 83 /* 84 * These are the four main kernel memory regions, we put them into 85 * the resource tree so that kdump tools and other debugging tools 86 * recover it: 87 */ 88 89 static struct resource rodata_resource = { 90 .name = "Kernel rodata", 91 .start = 0, 92 .end = 0, 93 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_SYSTEM_RAM 94 }; 95 96 static struct resource data_resource = { 97 .name = "Kernel data", 98 .start = 0, 99 .end = 0, 100 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_SYSTEM_RAM 101 }; 102 103 static struct resource code_resource = { 104 .name = "Kernel code", 105 .start = 0, 106 .end = 0, 107 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_SYSTEM_RAM 108 }; 109 110 static struct resource bss_resource = { 111 .name = "Kernel bss", 112 .start = 0, 113 .end = 0, 114 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_SYSTEM_RAM 115 }; 116 117 118 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32 119 /* CPU data as detected by the assembly code in head_32.S */ 120 struct cpuinfo_x86 new_cpu_data; 121 122 struct apm_info apm_info; 123 EXPORT_SYMBOL(apm_info); 124 125 #if IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_X86_SPEEDSTEP_SMI) 126 struct ist_info ist_info; 127 EXPORT_SYMBOL(ist_info); 128 #else 129 struct ist_info ist_info; 130 #endif 131 132 #endif 133 134 struct cpuinfo_x86 boot_cpu_data __read_mostly; 135 EXPORT_SYMBOL(boot_cpu_data); 136 SYM_PIC_ALIAS(boot_cpu_data); 137 138 #if !defined(CONFIG_X86_PAE) || defined(CONFIG_X86_64) 139 __visible unsigned long mmu_cr4_features __ro_after_init; 140 #else 141 __visible unsigned long mmu_cr4_features __ro_after_init = X86_CR4_PAE; 142 #endif 143 144 #ifdef CONFIG_IMA 145 static phys_addr_t ima_kexec_buffer_phys; 146 static size_t ima_kexec_buffer_size; 147 #endif 148 149 /* Boot loader ID and version as integers, for the benefit of proc_dointvec */ 150 int bootloader_type, bootloader_version; 151 152 static const struct ctl_table x86_sysctl_table[] = { 153 { 154 .procname = "unknown_nmi_panic", 155 .data = &unknown_nmi_panic, 156 .maxlen = sizeof(int), 157 .mode = 0644, 158 .proc_handler = proc_dointvec, 159 }, 160 { 161 .procname = "panic_on_unrecovered_nmi", 162 .data = &panic_on_unrecovered_nmi, 163 .maxlen = sizeof(int), 164 .mode = 0644, 165 .proc_handler = proc_dointvec, 166 }, 167 { 168 .procname = "panic_on_io_nmi", 169 .data = &panic_on_io_nmi, 170 .maxlen = sizeof(int), 171 .mode = 0644, 172 .proc_handler = proc_dointvec, 173 }, 174 { 175 .procname = "bootloader_type", 176 .data = &bootloader_type, 177 .maxlen = sizeof(int), 178 .mode = 0444, 179 .proc_handler = proc_dointvec, 180 }, 181 { 182 .procname = "bootloader_version", 183 .data = &bootloader_version, 184 .maxlen = sizeof(int), 185 .mode = 0444, 186 .proc_handler = proc_dointvec, 187 }, 188 { 189 .procname = "io_delay_type", 190 .data = &io_delay_type, 191 .maxlen = sizeof(int), 192 .mode = 0644, 193 .proc_handler = proc_dointvec, 194 }, 195 #if defined(CONFIG_ACPI_SLEEP) 196 { 197 .procname = "acpi_video_flags", 198 .data = &acpi_realmode_flags, 199 .maxlen = sizeof(unsigned long), 200 .mode = 0644, 201 .proc_handler = proc_doulongvec_minmax, 202 }, 203 #endif 204 }; 205 206 static int __init init_x86_sysctl(void) 207 { 208 register_sysctl_init("kernel", x86_sysctl_table); 209 return 0; 210 } 211 arch_initcall(init_x86_sysctl); 212 213 /* 214 * Setup options 215 */ 216 217 struct sysfb_display_info sysfb_primary_display; 218 EXPORT_SYMBOL(sysfb_primary_display); 219 220 extern int root_mountflags; 221 222 unsigned long saved_video_mode; 223 224 #define RAMDISK_IMAGE_START_MASK 0x07FF 225 #define RAMDISK_PROMPT_FLAG 0x8000 226 #define RAMDISK_LOAD_FLAG 0x4000 227 228 static char __initdata command_line[COMMAND_LINE_SIZE]; 229 #ifdef CONFIG_CMDLINE_BOOL 230 char builtin_cmdline[COMMAND_LINE_SIZE] = CONFIG_CMDLINE; 231 bool builtin_cmdline_added __ro_after_init; 232 #endif 233 234 #if IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_EDD) 235 struct edd edd; 236 #ifdef CONFIG_EDD_MODULE 237 EXPORT_SYMBOL(edd); 238 #endif 239 /** 240 * copy_edd() - Copy the BIOS EDD information 241 * from boot_params into a safe place. 242 * 243 */ 244 static inline void __init copy_edd(void) 245 { 246 memcpy(edd.mbr_signature, boot_params.edd_mbr_sig_buffer, 247 sizeof(edd.mbr_signature)); 248 memcpy(edd.edd_info, boot_params.eddbuf, sizeof(edd.edd_info)); 249 edd.mbr_signature_nr = boot_params.edd_mbr_sig_buf_entries; 250 edd.edd_info_nr = boot_params.eddbuf_entries; 251 } 252 #else 253 static inline void __init copy_edd(void) 254 { 255 } 256 #endif 257 258 void * __init extend_brk(size_t size, size_t align) 259 { 260 size_t mask = align - 1; 261 void *ret; 262 263 BUG_ON(_brk_start == 0); 264 BUG_ON(align & mask); 265 266 _brk_end = (_brk_end + mask) & ~mask; 267 BUG_ON((char *)(_brk_end + size) > __brk_limit); 268 269 ret = (void *)_brk_end; 270 _brk_end += size; 271 272 memset(ret, 0, size); 273 274 return ret; 275 } 276 277 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32 278 static void __init cleanup_highmap(void) 279 { 280 } 281 #endif 282 283 static void __init reserve_brk(void) 284 { 285 if (_brk_end > _brk_start) 286 memblock_reserve_kern(__pa_symbol(_brk_start), 287 _brk_end - _brk_start); 288 289 /* Mark brk area as locked down and no longer taking any 290 new allocations */ 291 _brk_start = 0; 292 } 293 294 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD 295 296 static u64 __init get_ramdisk_image(void) 297 { 298 u64 ramdisk_image = boot_params.hdr.ramdisk_image; 299 300 ramdisk_image |= (u64)boot_params.ext_ramdisk_image << 32; 301 302 if (ramdisk_image == 0) 303 ramdisk_image = phys_initrd_start; 304 305 return ramdisk_image; 306 } 307 static u64 __init get_ramdisk_size(void) 308 { 309 u64 ramdisk_size = boot_params.hdr.ramdisk_size; 310 311 ramdisk_size |= (u64)boot_params.ext_ramdisk_size << 32; 312 313 if (ramdisk_size == 0) 314 ramdisk_size = phys_initrd_size; 315 316 return ramdisk_size; 317 } 318 319 static void __init relocate_initrd(void) 320 { 321 /* Assume only end is not page aligned */ 322 u64 ramdisk_image = get_ramdisk_image(); 323 u64 ramdisk_size = get_ramdisk_size(); 324 u64 area_size = PAGE_ALIGN(ramdisk_size); 325 int ret = 0; 326 327 /* We need to move the initrd down into directly mapped mem */ 328 u64 relocated_ramdisk = memblock_phys_alloc_range(area_size, PAGE_SIZE, 0, 329 PFN_PHYS(max_pfn_mapped)); 330 if (!relocated_ramdisk) 331 panic("Cannot find place for new RAMDISK of size %lld\n", 332 ramdisk_size); 333 334 initrd_start = relocated_ramdisk + PAGE_OFFSET; 335 initrd_end = initrd_start + ramdisk_size; 336 printk(KERN_INFO "Allocated new RAMDISK: [mem %#010llx-%#010llx]\n", 337 relocated_ramdisk, relocated_ramdisk + ramdisk_size - 1); 338 339 ret = copy_from_early_mem((void *)initrd_start, ramdisk_image, ramdisk_size); 340 if (ret) 341 panic("Copy RAMDISK failed\n"); 342 343 printk(KERN_INFO "Move RAMDISK from [mem %#010llx-%#010llx] to" 344 " [mem %#010llx-%#010llx]\n", 345 ramdisk_image, ramdisk_image + ramdisk_size - 1, 346 relocated_ramdisk, relocated_ramdisk + ramdisk_size - 1); 347 } 348 349 static void __init early_reserve_initrd(void) 350 { 351 /* Assume only end is not page aligned */ 352 u64 ramdisk_image = get_ramdisk_image(); 353 u64 ramdisk_size = get_ramdisk_size(); 354 u64 ramdisk_end = PAGE_ALIGN(ramdisk_image + ramdisk_size); 355 356 if (!boot_params.hdr.type_of_loader || 357 !ramdisk_image || !ramdisk_size) 358 return; /* No initrd provided by bootloader */ 359 360 memblock_reserve_kern(ramdisk_image, ramdisk_end - ramdisk_image); 361 } 362 363 static void __init reserve_initrd(void) 364 { 365 /* Assume only end is not page aligned */ 366 u64 ramdisk_image = get_ramdisk_image(); 367 u64 ramdisk_size = get_ramdisk_size(); 368 u64 ramdisk_end = PAGE_ALIGN(ramdisk_image + ramdisk_size); 369 370 if (!boot_params.hdr.type_of_loader || 371 !ramdisk_image || !ramdisk_size) 372 return; /* No initrd provided by bootloader */ 373 374 initrd_start = 0; 375 376 printk(KERN_INFO "RAMDISK: [mem %#010llx-%#010llx]\n", ramdisk_image, 377 ramdisk_end - 1); 378 379 if (pfn_range_is_mapped(PFN_DOWN(ramdisk_image), 380 PFN_DOWN(ramdisk_end))) { 381 /* All are mapped, easy case */ 382 initrd_start = ramdisk_image + PAGE_OFFSET; 383 initrd_end = initrd_start + ramdisk_size; 384 return; 385 } 386 387 relocate_initrd(); 388 389 memblock_phys_free(ramdisk_image, ramdisk_end - ramdisk_image); 390 } 391 392 #else 393 static void __init early_reserve_initrd(void) 394 { 395 } 396 static void __init reserve_initrd(void) 397 { 398 } 399 #endif /* CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD */ 400 401 static void __init add_early_ima_buffer(u64 phys_addr) 402 { 403 #ifdef CONFIG_IMA 404 struct ima_setup_data *data; 405 406 data = early_memremap(phys_addr + sizeof(struct setup_data), sizeof(*data)); 407 if (!data) { 408 pr_warn("setup: failed to memremap ima_setup_data entry\n"); 409 return; 410 } 411 412 if (data->size) { 413 memblock_reserve_kern(data->addr, data->size); 414 ima_kexec_buffer_phys = data->addr; 415 ima_kexec_buffer_size = data->size; 416 } 417 418 early_memunmap(data, sizeof(*data)); 419 #else 420 pr_warn("Passed IMA kexec data, but CONFIG_IMA not set. Ignoring.\n"); 421 #endif 422 } 423 424 #if defined(CONFIG_HAVE_IMA_KEXEC) && !defined(CONFIG_OF_FLATTREE) 425 int __init ima_free_kexec_buffer(void) 426 { 427 if (!ima_kexec_buffer_size) 428 return -ENOENT; 429 430 memblock_phys_free(ima_kexec_buffer_phys, 431 ima_kexec_buffer_size); 432 433 ima_kexec_buffer_phys = 0; 434 ima_kexec_buffer_size = 0; 435 436 return 0; 437 } 438 439 int __init ima_get_kexec_buffer(void **addr, size_t *size) 440 { 441 int ret; 442 443 if (!ima_kexec_buffer_size) 444 return -ENOENT; 445 446 ret = ima_validate_range(ima_kexec_buffer_phys, ima_kexec_buffer_size); 447 if (ret) 448 return ret; 449 450 *addr = __va(ima_kexec_buffer_phys); 451 *size = ima_kexec_buffer_size; 452 453 return 0; 454 } 455 #endif 456 457 static void __init add_kho(u64 phys_addr, u32 data_len) 458 { 459 struct kho_data *kho; 460 u64 addr = phys_addr + sizeof(struct setup_data); 461 u64 size = data_len - sizeof(struct setup_data); 462 463 if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_KEXEC_HANDOVER)) { 464 pr_warn("Passed KHO data, but CONFIG_KEXEC_HANDOVER not set. Ignoring.\n"); 465 return; 466 } 467 468 kho = early_memremap(addr, size); 469 if (!kho) { 470 pr_warn("setup: failed to memremap kho data (0x%llx, 0x%llx)\n", 471 addr, size); 472 return; 473 } 474 475 kho_populate(kho->fdt_addr, kho->fdt_size, kho->scratch_addr, kho->scratch_size); 476 477 early_memunmap(kho, size); 478 } 479 480 static void __init parse_setup_data(void) 481 { 482 struct setup_data *data; 483 u64 pa_data, pa_next; 484 485 pa_data = boot_params.hdr.setup_data; 486 while (pa_data) { 487 u32 data_len, data_type; 488 489 data = early_memremap(pa_data, sizeof(*data)); 490 data_len = data->len + sizeof(struct setup_data); 491 data_type = data->type; 492 pa_next = data->next; 493 early_memunmap(data, sizeof(*data)); 494 495 switch (data_type) { 496 case SETUP_E820_EXT: 497 e820__memory_setup_extended(pa_data, data_len); 498 break; 499 case SETUP_DTB: 500 add_dtb(pa_data); 501 break; 502 case SETUP_EFI: 503 parse_efi_setup(pa_data, data_len); 504 break; 505 case SETUP_IMA: 506 add_early_ima_buffer(pa_data); 507 break; 508 case SETUP_KEXEC_KHO: 509 add_kho(pa_data, data_len); 510 break; 511 case SETUP_RNG_SEED: 512 data = early_memremap(pa_data, data_len); 513 add_bootloader_randomness(data->data, data->len); 514 /* Zero seed for forward secrecy. */ 515 memzero_explicit(data->data, data->len); 516 /* Zero length in case we find ourselves back here by accident. */ 517 memzero_explicit(&data->len, sizeof(data->len)); 518 early_memunmap(data, data_len); 519 break; 520 default: 521 break; 522 } 523 pa_data = pa_next; 524 } 525 } 526 527 /* 528 * Translate the fields of 'struct boot_param' into global variables 529 * representing these parameters. 530 */ 531 static void __init parse_boot_params(void) 532 { 533 ROOT_DEV = old_decode_dev(boot_params.hdr.root_dev); 534 sysfb_primary_display.screen = boot_params.screen_info; 535 #if defined(CONFIG_FIRMWARE_EDID) 536 sysfb_primary_display.edid = boot_params.edid_info; 537 #endif 538 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32 539 apm_info.bios = boot_params.apm_bios_info; 540 ist_info = boot_params.ist_info; 541 #endif 542 saved_video_mode = boot_params.hdr.vid_mode; 543 bootloader_type = boot_params.hdr.type_of_loader; 544 if ((bootloader_type >> 4) == 0xe) { 545 bootloader_type &= 0xf; 546 bootloader_type |= (boot_params.hdr.ext_loader_type+0x10) << 4; 547 } 548 bootloader_version = bootloader_type & 0xf; 549 bootloader_version |= boot_params.hdr.ext_loader_ver << 4; 550 551 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_RAM 552 rd_image_start = boot_params.hdr.ram_size & RAMDISK_IMAGE_START_MASK; 553 #endif 554 #ifdef CONFIG_EFI 555 if (!strncmp((char *)&boot_params.efi_info.efi_loader_signature, 556 EFI32_LOADER_SIGNATURE, 4)) { 557 set_bit(EFI_BOOT, &efi.flags); 558 } else if (!strncmp((char *)&boot_params.efi_info.efi_loader_signature, 559 EFI64_LOADER_SIGNATURE, 4)) { 560 set_bit(EFI_BOOT, &efi.flags); 561 set_bit(EFI_64BIT, &efi.flags); 562 } 563 #endif 564 565 if (!boot_params.hdr.root_flags) 566 root_mountflags &= ~MS_RDONLY; 567 } 568 569 static void __init memblock_x86_reserve_range_setup_data(void) 570 { 571 struct setup_indirect *indirect; 572 struct setup_data *data; 573 u64 pa_data, pa_next; 574 u32 len; 575 576 pa_data = boot_params.hdr.setup_data; 577 while (pa_data) { 578 data = early_memremap(pa_data, sizeof(*data)); 579 if (!data) { 580 pr_warn("setup: failed to memremap setup_data entry\n"); 581 return; 582 } 583 584 len = sizeof(*data); 585 pa_next = data->next; 586 587 memblock_reserve_kern(pa_data, sizeof(*data) + data->len); 588 589 if (data->type == SETUP_INDIRECT) { 590 len += data->len; 591 early_memunmap(data, sizeof(*data)); 592 data = early_memremap(pa_data, len); 593 if (!data) { 594 pr_warn("setup: failed to memremap indirect setup_data\n"); 595 return; 596 } 597 598 indirect = (struct setup_indirect *)data->data; 599 600 if (indirect->type != SETUP_INDIRECT) 601 memblock_reserve_kern(indirect->addr, indirect->len); 602 } 603 604 pa_data = pa_next; 605 early_memunmap(data, len); 606 } 607 } 608 609 static void __init arch_reserve_crashkernel(void) 610 { 611 unsigned long long crash_base, crash_size, low_size = 0, cma_size = 0; 612 bool high = false; 613 int ret; 614 615 if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_CRASH_RESERVE)) 616 return; 617 618 ret = parse_crashkernel(boot_command_line, memblock_phys_mem_size(), 619 &crash_size, &crash_base, 620 &low_size, &cma_size, &high); 621 if (ret) 622 return; 623 624 if (xen_pv_domain()) { 625 pr_info("Ignoring crashkernel for a Xen PV domain\n"); 626 return; 627 } 628 629 reserve_crashkernel_generic(crash_size, crash_base, low_size, high); 630 reserve_crashkernel_cma(cma_size); 631 } 632 633 static struct resource standard_io_resources[] = { 634 { .name = "dma1", .start = 0x00, .end = 0x1f, 635 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO }, 636 { .name = "pic1", .start = 0x20, .end = 0x21, 637 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO }, 638 { .name = "timer0", .start = 0x40, .end = 0x43, 639 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO }, 640 { .name = "timer1", .start = 0x50, .end = 0x53, 641 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO }, 642 { .name = "keyboard", .start = 0x60, .end = 0x60, 643 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO }, 644 { .name = "keyboard", .start = 0x64, .end = 0x64, 645 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO }, 646 { .name = "dma page reg", .start = 0x80, .end = 0x8f, 647 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO }, 648 { .name = "pic2", .start = 0xa0, .end = 0xa1, 649 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO }, 650 { .name = "dma2", .start = 0xc0, .end = 0xdf, 651 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO }, 652 { .name = "fpu", .start = 0xf0, .end = 0xff, 653 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO } 654 }; 655 656 void __init reserve_standard_io_resources(void) 657 { 658 int i; 659 660 /* request I/O space for devices used on all i[345]86 PCs */ 661 for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(standard_io_resources); i++) 662 request_resource(&ioport_resource, &standard_io_resources[i]); 663 664 } 665 666 static void __init setup_kernel_resources(void) 667 { 668 code_resource.start = __pa_symbol(_text); 669 code_resource.end = __pa_symbol(_etext)-1; 670 rodata_resource.start = __pa_symbol(__start_rodata); 671 rodata_resource.end = __pa_symbol(__end_rodata)-1; 672 data_resource.start = __pa_symbol(_sdata); 673 data_resource.end = __pa_symbol(_edata)-1; 674 bss_resource.start = __pa_symbol(__bss_start); 675 bss_resource.end = __pa_symbol(__bss_stop)-1; 676 677 insert_resource(&iomem_resource, &code_resource); 678 insert_resource(&iomem_resource, &rodata_resource); 679 insert_resource(&iomem_resource, &data_resource); 680 insert_resource(&iomem_resource, &bss_resource); 681 } 682 683 static bool __init snb_gfx_workaround_needed(void) 684 { 685 #ifdef CONFIG_PCI 686 int i; 687 u16 vendor, devid; 688 static const __initconst u16 snb_ids[] = { 689 0x0102, 690 0x0112, 691 0x0122, 692 0x0106, 693 0x0116, 694 0x0126, 695 0x010a, 696 }; 697 698 /* Assume no if something weird is going on with PCI */ 699 if (!early_pci_allowed()) 700 return false; 701 702 vendor = read_pci_config_16(0, 2, 0, PCI_VENDOR_ID); 703 if (vendor != 0x8086) 704 return false; 705 706 devid = read_pci_config_16(0, 2, 0, PCI_DEVICE_ID); 707 for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(snb_ids); i++) 708 if (devid == snb_ids[i]) 709 return true; 710 #endif 711 712 return false; 713 } 714 715 /* 716 * Sandy Bridge graphics has trouble with certain ranges, exclude 717 * them from allocation. 718 */ 719 static void __init trim_snb_memory(void) 720 { 721 static const __initconst unsigned long bad_pages[] = { 722 0x20050000, 723 0x20110000, 724 0x20130000, 725 0x20138000, 726 0x40004000, 727 }; 728 int i; 729 730 if (!snb_gfx_workaround_needed()) 731 return; 732 733 printk(KERN_DEBUG "reserving inaccessible SNB gfx pages\n"); 734 735 /* 736 * SandyBridge integrated graphics devices have a bug that prevents 737 * them from accessing certain memory ranges, namely anything below 738 * 1M and in the pages listed in bad_pages[] above. 739 * 740 * To avoid these pages being ever accessed by SNB gfx devices reserve 741 * bad_pages that have not already been reserved at boot time. 742 * All memory below the 1 MB mark is anyway reserved later during 743 * setup_arch(), so there is no need to reserve it here. 744 */ 745 746 for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(bad_pages); i++) { 747 if (memblock_reserve(bad_pages[i], PAGE_SIZE)) 748 printk(KERN_WARNING "failed to reserve 0x%08lx\n", 749 bad_pages[i]); 750 } 751 } 752 753 static void __init trim_bios_range(void) 754 { 755 /* 756 * A special case is the first 4Kb of memory; 757 * This is a BIOS owned area, not kernel ram, but generally 758 * not listed as such in the E820 table. 759 * 760 * This typically reserves additional memory (64KiB by default) 761 * since some BIOSes are known to corrupt low memory. See the 762 * Kconfig help text for X86_RESERVE_LOW. 763 */ 764 e820__range_update(0, PAGE_SIZE, E820_TYPE_RAM, E820_TYPE_RESERVED); 765 766 /* 767 * special case: Some BIOSes report the PC BIOS 768 * area (640Kb -> 1Mb) as RAM even though it is not. 769 * take them out. 770 */ 771 e820__range_remove(BIOS_BEGIN, BIOS_END - BIOS_BEGIN, E820_TYPE_RAM); 772 773 e820__update_table(e820_table); 774 } 775 776 /* called before trim_bios_range() to spare extra sanitize */ 777 static void __init e820_add_kernel_range(void) 778 { 779 u64 start = __pa_symbol(_text); 780 u64 size = __pa_symbol(_end) - start; 781 782 /* 783 * Complain if .text .data and .bss are not marked as E820_TYPE_RAM and 784 * attempt to fix it by adding the range. We may have a confused BIOS, 785 * or the user may have used memmap=exactmap or memmap=xxM$yyM to 786 * exclude kernel range. If we really are running on top non-RAM, 787 * we will crash later anyways. 788 */ 789 if (e820__mapped_all(start, start + size, E820_TYPE_RAM)) 790 return; 791 792 pr_warn(".text .data .bss are not marked as E820_TYPE_RAM!\n"); 793 e820__range_remove(start, size, 0); 794 e820__range_add(start, size, E820_TYPE_RAM); 795 } 796 797 static void __init early_reserve_memory(void) 798 { 799 /* 800 * Reserve the memory occupied by the kernel between _text and 801 * __end_of_kernel_reserve symbols. Any kernel sections after the 802 * __end_of_kernel_reserve symbol must be explicitly reserved with a 803 * separate memblock_reserve() or they will be discarded. 804 */ 805 memblock_reserve_kern(__pa_symbol(_text), 806 (unsigned long)__end_of_kernel_reserve - (unsigned long)_text); 807 808 /* 809 * The first 4Kb of memory is a BIOS owned area, but generally it is 810 * not listed as such in the E820 table. 811 * 812 * Reserve the first 64K of memory since some BIOSes are known to 813 * corrupt low memory. After the real mode trampoline is allocated the 814 * rest of the memory below 640k is reserved. 815 * 816 * In addition, make sure page 0 is always reserved because on 817 * systems with L1TF its contents can be leaked to user processes. 818 */ 819 memblock_reserve(0, SZ_64K); 820 821 early_reserve_initrd(); 822 823 memblock_x86_reserve_range_setup_data(); 824 825 reserve_bios_regions(); 826 trim_snb_memory(); 827 } 828 829 /* 830 * Dump out kernel offset information on panic. 831 */ 832 static int 833 dump_kernel_offset(struct notifier_block *self, unsigned long v, void *p) 834 { 835 if (kaslr_enabled()) { 836 pr_emerg("Kernel Offset: 0x%lx from 0x%lx (relocation range: 0x%lx-0x%lx)\n", 837 kaslr_offset(), 838 __START_KERNEL, 839 __START_KERNEL_map, 840 MODULES_VADDR-1); 841 } else { 842 pr_emerg("Kernel Offset: disabled\n"); 843 } 844 845 return 0; 846 } 847 848 void x86_configure_nx(void) 849 { 850 if (boot_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_NX)) 851 __supported_pte_mask |= _PAGE_NX; 852 else 853 __supported_pte_mask &= ~_PAGE_NX; 854 } 855 856 static void __init x86_report_nx(void) 857 { 858 if (!boot_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_NX)) { 859 printk(KERN_NOTICE "Notice: NX (Execute Disable) protection " 860 "missing in CPU!\n"); 861 } else { 862 #if defined(CONFIG_X86_64) || defined(CONFIG_X86_PAE) 863 printk(KERN_INFO "NX (Execute Disable) protection: active\n"); 864 #else 865 /* 32bit non-PAE kernel, NX cannot be used */ 866 printk(KERN_NOTICE "Notice: NX (Execute Disable) protection " 867 "cannot be enabled: non-PAE kernel!\n"); 868 #endif 869 } 870 } 871 872 /* 873 * Determine if we were loaded by an EFI loader. If so, then we have also been 874 * passed the efi memmap, systab, etc., so we should use these data structures 875 * for initialization. Note, the efi init code path is determined by the 876 * global efi_enabled. This allows the same kernel image to be used on existing 877 * systems (with a traditional BIOS) as well as on EFI systems. 878 */ 879 /* 880 * setup_arch - architecture-specific boot-time initializations 881 * 882 * Note: On x86_64, fixmaps are ready for use even before this is called. 883 */ 884 void __init setup_arch(char **cmdline_p) 885 { 886 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32 887 memcpy(&boot_cpu_data, &new_cpu_data, sizeof(new_cpu_data)); 888 889 /* 890 * copy kernel address range established so far and switch 891 * to the proper swapper page table 892 */ 893 clone_pgd_range(swapper_pg_dir + KERNEL_PGD_BOUNDARY, 894 initial_page_table + KERNEL_PGD_BOUNDARY, 895 KERNEL_PGD_PTRS); 896 897 load_cr3(swapper_pg_dir); 898 /* 899 * Note: Quark X1000 CPUs advertise PGE incorrectly and require 900 * a cr3 based tlb flush, so the following __flush_tlb_all() 901 * will not flush anything because the CPU quirk which clears 902 * X86_FEATURE_PGE has not been invoked yet. Though due to the 903 * load_cr3() above the TLB has been flushed already. The 904 * quirk is invoked before subsequent calls to __flush_tlb_all() 905 * so proper operation is guaranteed. 906 */ 907 __flush_tlb_all(); 908 #else 909 printk(KERN_INFO "Command line: %s\n", boot_command_line); 910 boot_cpu_data.x86_phys_bits = MAX_PHYSMEM_BITS; 911 #endif 912 913 #ifdef CONFIG_CMDLINE_BOOL 914 #ifdef CONFIG_CMDLINE_OVERRIDE 915 strscpy(boot_command_line, builtin_cmdline, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE); 916 #else 917 if (builtin_cmdline[0]) { 918 /* append boot loader cmdline to builtin */ 919 strlcat(builtin_cmdline, " ", COMMAND_LINE_SIZE); 920 strlcat(builtin_cmdline, boot_command_line, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE); 921 strscpy(boot_command_line, builtin_cmdline, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE); 922 } 923 #endif 924 builtin_cmdline_added = true; 925 #endif 926 927 #ifdef CONFIG_CMDLINE_FROM_BOOTCONFIG 928 /* 929 * Prepend the build-time-rendered embedded "kernel" keys here so 930 * parse_early_param() below sees them, using the same opt-in as the 931 * runtime parser, plus the build-time CONFIG_BOOT_CONFIG_FORCE. 932 */ 933 if (bootconfig_cmdline_requested(boot_command_line, NULL) || 934 IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_BOOT_CONFIG_FORCE)) 935 xbc_prepend_embedded_cmdline(boot_command_line, 936 COMMAND_LINE_SIZE); 937 #endif 938 939 strscpy(command_line, boot_command_line, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE); 940 *cmdline_p = command_line; 941 942 /* 943 * If we have OLPC OFW, we might end up relocating the fixmap due to 944 * reserve_top(), so do this before touching the ioremap area. 945 */ 946 olpc_ofw_detect(); 947 948 idt_setup_early_traps(); 949 early_cpu_init(); 950 jump_label_init(); 951 static_call_init(); 952 early_ioremap_init(); 953 954 setup_olpc_ofw_pgd(); 955 956 parse_boot_params(); 957 958 x86_init.oem.arch_setup(); 959 960 /* 961 * Do some memory reservations *before* memory is added to memblock, so 962 * memblock allocations won't overwrite it. 963 * 964 * After this point, everything still needed from the boot loader or 965 * firmware or kernel text should be early reserved or marked not RAM in 966 * e820. All other memory is free game. 967 * 968 * This call needs to happen before e820__memory_setup() which calls the 969 * xen_memory_setup() on Xen dom0 which relies on the fact that those 970 * early reservations have happened already. 971 */ 972 early_reserve_memory(); 973 974 iomem_resource.end = (1ULL << boot_cpu_data.x86_phys_bits) - 1; 975 e820__memory_setup(); 976 parse_setup_data(); 977 978 copy_edd(); 979 980 setup_initial_init_mm(_text, _etext, _edata, (void *)_brk_end); 981 982 /* 983 * x86_configure_nx() is called before parse_early_param() to detect 984 * whether hardware doesn't support NX (so that the early EHCI debug 985 * console setup can safely call set_fixmap()). 986 */ 987 x86_configure_nx(); 988 989 parse_early_param(); 990 991 if (efi_enabled(EFI_BOOT)) 992 efi_memblock_x86_reserve_range(); 993 994 x86_report_nx(); 995 996 apic_setup_apic_calls(); 997 998 if (acpi_mps_check()) { 999 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_LOCAL_APIC 1000 apic_is_disabled = true; 1001 #endif 1002 setup_clear_cpu_cap(X86_FEATURE_APIC); 1003 } 1004 1005 e820__finish_early_params(); 1006 1007 if (efi_enabled(EFI_BOOT)) 1008 efi_init(); 1009 1010 reserve_ibft_region(); 1011 x86_init.resources.dmi_setup(); 1012 1013 /* 1014 * VMware detection requires dmi to be available, so this 1015 * needs to be done after dmi_setup(), for the boot CPU. 1016 * For some guest types (Xen PV, SEV-SNP, TDX) it is required to be 1017 * called before cache_bp_init() for setting up MTRR state. 1018 */ 1019 init_hypervisor_platform(); 1020 1021 tsc_early_init(); 1022 x86_init.resources.probe_roms(); 1023 1024 /* 1025 * Add resources for kernel text and data to the iomem_resource. 1026 * Do it after parse_early_param, so it can be debugged. 1027 */ 1028 setup_kernel_resources(); 1029 1030 e820_add_kernel_range(); 1031 trim_bios_range(); 1032 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32 1033 if (ppro_with_ram_bug()) { 1034 pr_info("Applying PPro RAM bug workaround: punching 256 kB hole at 1.75 GB physical.\n"); 1035 e820__range_update(0x70000000ULL, SZ_256K, E820_TYPE_RAM, E820_TYPE_RESERVED); 1036 e820__update_table(e820_table); 1037 } 1038 #else 1039 early_gart_iommu_check(); 1040 #endif 1041 1042 /* 1043 * partially used pages are not usable - thus 1044 * we are rounding upwards: 1045 */ 1046 max_pfn = e820__end_of_ram_pfn(); 1047 1048 /* update e820 for memory not covered by WB MTRRs */ 1049 cache_bp_init(); 1050 if (mtrr_trim_uncached_memory(max_pfn)) 1051 max_pfn = e820__end_of_ram_pfn(); 1052 1053 max_possible_pfn = max_pfn; 1054 1055 /* 1056 * Define random base addresses for memory sections after max_pfn is 1057 * defined and before each memory section base is used. 1058 */ 1059 kernel_randomize_memory(); 1060 1061 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32 1062 /* max_low_pfn get updated here */ 1063 find_low_pfn_range(); 1064 #else 1065 check_x2apic(); 1066 1067 /* How many end-of-memory variables you have, grandma! */ 1068 /* need this before calling reserve_initrd */ 1069 if (max_pfn > (1UL<<(32 - PAGE_SHIFT))) 1070 max_low_pfn = e820__end_of_low_ram_pfn(); 1071 else 1072 max_low_pfn = max_pfn; 1073 #endif 1074 1075 /* Find and reserve MPTABLE area */ 1076 x86_init.mpparse.find_mptable(); 1077 1078 early_alloc_pgt_buf(); 1079 1080 /* 1081 * Need to conclude brk, before e820__memblock_setup() 1082 * it could use memblock_find_in_range, could overlap with 1083 * brk area. 1084 */ 1085 reserve_brk(); 1086 1087 cleanup_highmap(); 1088 1089 e820__memblock_setup(); 1090 1091 /* 1092 * Needs to run after memblock setup because it needs the physical 1093 * memory size. 1094 */ 1095 mem_encrypt_setup_arch(); 1096 cc_random_init(); 1097 1098 efi_find_mirror(); 1099 efi_esrt_init(); 1100 efi_mokvar_table_init(); 1101 1102 /* 1103 * The EFI specification says that boot service code won't be 1104 * called after ExitBootServices(). This is, in fact, a lie. 1105 */ 1106 efi_reserve_boot_services(); 1107 1108 /* preallocate 4k for mptable mpc */ 1109 e820__memblock_alloc_reserved_mpc_new(); 1110 1111 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_CHECK_BIOS_CORRUPTION 1112 setup_bios_corruption_check(); 1113 #endif 1114 1115 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32 1116 printk(KERN_DEBUG "initial memory mapped: [mem 0x00000000-%#010lx]\n", 1117 (max_pfn_mapped<<PAGE_SHIFT) - 1); 1118 #endif 1119 1120 /* 1121 * Find free memory for the real mode trampoline and place it there. If 1122 * there is not enough free memory under 1M, on EFI-enabled systems 1123 * there will be additional attempt to reclaim the memory for the real 1124 * mode trampoline at efi_free_boot_services(). 1125 * 1126 * Unconditionally reserve the entire first 1M of RAM because BIOSes 1127 * are known to corrupt low memory and several hundred kilobytes are not 1128 * worth complex detection what memory gets clobbered. Windows does the 1129 * same thing for very similar reasons. 1130 * 1131 * Moreover, on machines with SandyBridge graphics or in setups that use 1132 * crashkernel the entire 1M is reserved anyway. 1133 * 1134 * Note the host kernel TDX also requires the first 1MB being reserved. 1135 */ 1136 x86_platform.realmode_reserve(); 1137 1138 init_mem_mapping(); 1139 1140 /* 1141 * init_mem_mapping() relies on the early IDT page fault handling. 1142 * Now either enable FRED or install the real page fault handler 1143 * for 64-bit in the IDT. 1144 */ 1145 cpu_init_replace_early_idt(); 1146 1147 /* 1148 * Update mmu_cr4_features (and, indirectly, trampoline_cr4_features) 1149 * with the current CR4 value. This may not be necessary, but 1150 * auditing all the early-boot CR4 manipulation would be needed to 1151 * rule it out. 1152 * 1153 * Mask off features that don't work outside long mode (just 1154 * PCIDE for now). 1155 */ 1156 mmu_cr4_features = __read_cr4() & ~X86_CR4_PCIDE; 1157 1158 memblock_set_current_limit(get_max_mapped()); 1159 1160 /* 1161 * NOTE: On x86-32, only from this point on, fixmaps are ready for use. 1162 */ 1163 1164 #ifdef CONFIG_PROVIDE_OHCI1394_DMA_INIT 1165 if (init_ohci1394_dma_early) 1166 init_ohci1394_dma_on_all_controllers(); 1167 #endif 1168 /* Allocate bigger log buffer */ 1169 setup_log_buf(1); 1170 1171 if (efi_enabled(EFI_BOOT)) { 1172 switch (boot_params.secure_boot) { 1173 case efi_secureboot_mode_disabled: 1174 pr_info("Secure boot disabled\n"); 1175 break; 1176 case efi_secureboot_mode_enabled: 1177 pr_info("Secure boot enabled\n"); 1178 break; 1179 default: 1180 pr_info("Secure boot could not be determined\n"); 1181 break; 1182 } 1183 } 1184 1185 reserve_initrd(); 1186 1187 acpi_table_upgrade(); 1188 /* Look for ACPI tables and reserve memory occupied by them. */ 1189 acpi_boot_table_init(); 1190 1191 vsmp_init(); 1192 1193 io_delay_init(); 1194 1195 early_platform_quirks(); 1196 1197 /* Some platforms need the APIC registered for NUMA configuration */ 1198 early_acpi_boot_init(); 1199 x86_init.mpparse.early_parse_smp_cfg(); 1200 1201 x86_flattree_get_config(); 1202 1203 initmem_init(); 1204 dma_contiguous_reserve(max_pfn_mapped << PAGE_SHIFT); 1205 1206 /* 1207 * Reserve memory for crash kernel after SRAT is parsed so that it 1208 * won't consume hotpluggable memory. 1209 */ 1210 arch_reserve_crashkernel(); 1211 1212 if (!early_xdbc_setup_hardware()) 1213 early_xdbc_register_console(); 1214 1215 x86_init.paging.pagetable_init(); 1216 1217 kasan_init(); 1218 1219 /* 1220 * Sync back kernel address range. 1221 * 1222 * FIXME: Can the later sync in setup_cpu_entry_areas() replace 1223 * this call? 1224 */ 1225 sync_initial_page_table(); 1226 1227 tboot_probe(); 1228 1229 map_vsyscall(); 1230 1231 x86_32_probe_apic(); 1232 1233 early_quirks(); 1234 1235 topology_apply_cmdline_limits_early(); 1236 1237 /* 1238 * Parse SMP configuration. Try ACPI first and then the platform 1239 * specific parser. 1240 */ 1241 acpi_boot_init(); 1242 x86_init.mpparse.parse_smp_cfg(); 1243 1244 /* Last opportunity to detect and map the local APIC */ 1245 init_apic_mappings(); 1246 1247 topology_init_possible_cpus(); 1248 1249 init_cpu_to_node(); 1250 init_gi_nodes(); 1251 1252 io_apic_init_mappings(); 1253 1254 x86_init.hyper.guest_late_init(); 1255 1256 e820__reserve_resources(); 1257 e820__register_nosave_regions(max_pfn); 1258 1259 x86_init.resources.reserve_resources(); 1260 1261 e820__setup_pci_gap(); 1262 1263 #ifdef CONFIG_VT 1264 #if defined(CONFIG_VGA_CONSOLE) 1265 if (!efi_enabled(EFI_BOOT) || (efi_mem_type(0xa0000) != EFI_CONVENTIONAL_MEMORY)) 1266 vgacon_register_screen(&sysfb_primary_display.screen); 1267 #endif 1268 #endif 1269 x86_init.oem.banner(); 1270 1271 x86_init.timers.wallclock_init(); 1272 1273 /* 1274 * This needs to run before setup_local_APIC() which soft-disables the 1275 * local APIC temporarily and that masks the thermal LVT interrupt, 1276 * leading to softlockups on machines which have configured SMI 1277 * interrupt delivery. 1278 */ 1279 therm_lvt_init(); 1280 1281 mcheck_init(); 1282 1283 register_refined_jiffies(PIT_TICK_RATE); 1284 1285 #ifdef CONFIG_EFI 1286 if (efi_enabled(EFI_BOOT)) 1287 efi_apply_memmap_quirks(); 1288 #endif 1289 1290 unwind_init(); 1291 } 1292 1293 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32 1294 1295 static struct resource video_ram_resource = { 1296 .name = "Video RAM area", 1297 .start = 0xa0000, 1298 .end = 0xbffff, 1299 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_MEM 1300 }; 1301 1302 void __init i386_reserve_resources(void) 1303 { 1304 request_resource(&iomem_resource, &video_ram_resource); 1305 reserve_standard_io_resources(); 1306 } 1307 1308 #endif /* CONFIG_X86_32 */ 1309 1310 static struct notifier_block kernel_offset_notifier = { 1311 .notifier_call = dump_kernel_offset 1312 }; 1313 1314 static int __init register_kernel_offset_dumper(void) 1315 { 1316 atomic_notifier_chain_register(&panic_notifier_list, 1317 &kernel_offset_notifier); 1318 return 0; 1319 } 1320 __initcall(register_kernel_offset_dumper); 1321 1322 #ifdef CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU 1323 bool arch_cpu_is_hotpluggable(int cpu) 1324 { 1325 return cpu > 0; 1326 } 1327 #endif /* CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU */ 1328