1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only 2 /* 3 * Copyright (C) 1995 Linus Torvalds 4 * 5 * This file contains the setup_arch() code, which handles the architecture-dependent 6 * parts of early kernel initialization. 7 */ 8 #include <linux/acpi.h> 9 #include <linux/console.h> 10 #include <linux/cpu.h> 11 #include <linux/crash_dump.h> 12 #include <linux/dma-map-ops.h> 13 #include <linux/efi.h> 14 #include <linux/hugetlb.h> 15 #include <linux/ima.h> 16 #include <linux/init_ohci1394_dma.h> 17 #include <linux/initrd.h> 18 #include <linux/iscsi_ibft.h> 19 #include <linux/memblock.h> 20 #include <linux/panic_notifier.h> 21 #include <linux/pci.h> 22 #include <linux/random.h> 23 #include <linux/root_dev.h> 24 #include <linux/static_call.h> 25 #include <linux/sysfb.h> 26 #include <linux/swiotlb.h> 27 #include <linux/tboot.h> 28 #include <linux/usb/xhci-dbgp.h> 29 #include <linux/vmalloc.h> 30 31 #include <uapi/linux/mount.h> 32 33 #include <xen/xen.h> 34 35 #include <asm/apic.h> 36 #include <asm/bios_ebda.h> 37 #include <asm/bugs.h> 38 #include <asm/cacheinfo.h> 39 #include <asm/coco.h> 40 #include <asm/cpu.h> 41 #include <asm/efi.h> 42 #include <asm/gart.h> 43 #include <asm/hypervisor.h> 44 #include <asm/io_apic.h> 45 #include <asm/kasan.h> 46 #include <asm/kaslr.h> 47 #include <asm/mce.h> 48 #include <asm/memtype.h> 49 #include <asm/mtrr.h> 50 #include <asm/nmi.h> 51 #include <asm/numa.h> 52 #include <asm/olpc_ofw.h> 53 #include <asm/pci-direct.h> 54 #include <asm/prom.h> 55 #include <asm/proto.h> 56 #include <asm/realmode.h> 57 #include <asm/thermal.h> 58 #include <asm/unwind.h> 59 #include <asm/vsyscall.h> 60 61 /* 62 * max_low_pfn_mapped: highest directly mapped pfn < 4 GB 63 * max_pfn_mapped: highest directly mapped pfn > 4 GB 64 * 65 * The direct mapping only covers E820_TYPE_RAM regions, so the ranges and gaps are 66 * represented by pfn_mapped[]. 67 */ 68 unsigned long max_low_pfn_mapped; 69 unsigned long max_pfn_mapped; 70 71 #ifdef CONFIG_DMI 72 RESERVE_BRK(dmi_alloc, 65536); 73 #endif 74 75 76 unsigned long _brk_start = (unsigned long)__brk_base; 77 unsigned long _brk_end = (unsigned long)__brk_base; 78 79 struct boot_params boot_params; 80 81 /* 82 * These are the four main kernel memory regions, we put them into 83 * the resource tree so that kdump tools and other debugging tools 84 * recover it: 85 */ 86 87 static struct resource rodata_resource = { 88 .name = "Kernel rodata", 89 .start = 0, 90 .end = 0, 91 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_SYSTEM_RAM 92 }; 93 94 static struct resource data_resource = { 95 .name = "Kernel data", 96 .start = 0, 97 .end = 0, 98 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_SYSTEM_RAM 99 }; 100 101 static struct resource code_resource = { 102 .name = "Kernel code", 103 .start = 0, 104 .end = 0, 105 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_SYSTEM_RAM 106 }; 107 108 static struct resource bss_resource = { 109 .name = "Kernel bss", 110 .start = 0, 111 .end = 0, 112 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_SYSTEM_RAM 113 }; 114 115 116 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32 117 /* CPU data as detected by the assembly code in head_32.S */ 118 struct cpuinfo_x86 new_cpu_data; 119 120 struct apm_info apm_info; 121 EXPORT_SYMBOL(apm_info); 122 123 #if defined(CONFIG_X86_SPEEDSTEP_SMI) || \ 124 defined(CONFIG_X86_SPEEDSTEP_SMI_MODULE) 125 struct ist_info ist_info; 126 EXPORT_SYMBOL(ist_info); 127 #else 128 struct ist_info ist_info; 129 #endif 130 131 #endif 132 133 struct cpuinfo_x86 boot_cpu_data __read_mostly; 134 EXPORT_SYMBOL(boot_cpu_data); 135 SYM_PIC_ALIAS(boot_cpu_data); 136 137 #if !defined(CONFIG_X86_PAE) || defined(CONFIG_X86_64) 138 __visible unsigned long mmu_cr4_features __ro_after_init; 139 #else 140 __visible unsigned long mmu_cr4_features __ro_after_init = X86_CR4_PAE; 141 #endif 142 143 #ifdef CONFIG_IMA 144 static phys_addr_t ima_kexec_buffer_phys; 145 static size_t ima_kexec_buffer_size; 146 #endif 147 148 /* Boot loader ID and version as integers, for the benefit of proc_dointvec */ 149 int bootloader_type, bootloader_version; 150 151 static const struct ctl_table x86_sysctl_table[] = { 152 { 153 .procname = "unknown_nmi_panic", 154 .data = &unknown_nmi_panic, 155 .maxlen = sizeof(int), 156 .mode = 0644, 157 .proc_handler = proc_dointvec, 158 }, 159 { 160 .procname = "panic_on_unrecovered_nmi", 161 .data = &panic_on_unrecovered_nmi, 162 .maxlen = sizeof(int), 163 .mode = 0644, 164 .proc_handler = proc_dointvec, 165 }, 166 { 167 .procname = "panic_on_io_nmi", 168 .data = &panic_on_io_nmi, 169 .maxlen = sizeof(int), 170 .mode = 0644, 171 .proc_handler = proc_dointvec, 172 }, 173 { 174 .procname = "bootloader_type", 175 .data = &bootloader_type, 176 .maxlen = sizeof(int), 177 .mode = 0444, 178 .proc_handler = proc_dointvec, 179 }, 180 { 181 .procname = "bootloader_version", 182 .data = &bootloader_version, 183 .maxlen = sizeof(int), 184 .mode = 0444, 185 .proc_handler = proc_dointvec, 186 }, 187 { 188 .procname = "io_delay_type", 189 .data = &io_delay_type, 190 .maxlen = sizeof(int), 191 .mode = 0644, 192 .proc_handler = proc_dointvec, 193 }, 194 #if defined(CONFIG_ACPI_SLEEP) 195 { 196 .procname = "acpi_video_flags", 197 .data = &acpi_realmode_flags, 198 .maxlen = sizeof(unsigned long), 199 .mode = 0644, 200 .proc_handler = proc_doulongvec_minmax, 201 }, 202 #endif 203 }; 204 205 static int __init init_x86_sysctl(void) 206 { 207 register_sysctl_init("kernel", x86_sysctl_table); 208 return 0; 209 } 210 arch_initcall(init_x86_sysctl); 211 212 /* 213 * Setup options 214 */ 215 216 struct sysfb_display_info sysfb_primary_display; 217 EXPORT_SYMBOL(sysfb_primary_display); 218 219 extern int root_mountflags; 220 221 unsigned long saved_video_mode; 222 223 #define RAMDISK_IMAGE_START_MASK 0x07FF 224 #define RAMDISK_PROMPT_FLAG 0x8000 225 #define RAMDISK_LOAD_FLAG 0x4000 226 227 static char __initdata command_line[COMMAND_LINE_SIZE]; 228 #ifdef CONFIG_CMDLINE_BOOL 229 char builtin_cmdline[COMMAND_LINE_SIZE] = CONFIG_CMDLINE; 230 bool builtin_cmdline_added __ro_after_init; 231 #endif 232 233 #if defined(CONFIG_EDD) || defined(CONFIG_EDD_MODULE) 234 struct edd edd; 235 #ifdef CONFIG_EDD_MODULE 236 EXPORT_SYMBOL(edd); 237 #endif 238 /** 239 * copy_edd() - Copy the BIOS EDD information 240 * from boot_params into a safe place. 241 * 242 */ 243 static inline void __init copy_edd(void) 244 { 245 memcpy(edd.mbr_signature, boot_params.edd_mbr_sig_buffer, 246 sizeof(edd.mbr_signature)); 247 memcpy(edd.edd_info, boot_params.eddbuf, sizeof(edd.edd_info)); 248 edd.mbr_signature_nr = boot_params.edd_mbr_sig_buf_entries; 249 edd.edd_info_nr = boot_params.eddbuf_entries; 250 } 251 #else 252 static inline void __init copy_edd(void) 253 { 254 } 255 #endif 256 257 void * __init extend_brk(size_t size, size_t align) 258 { 259 size_t mask = align - 1; 260 void *ret; 261 262 BUG_ON(_brk_start == 0); 263 BUG_ON(align & mask); 264 265 _brk_end = (_brk_end + mask) & ~mask; 266 BUG_ON((char *)(_brk_end + size) > __brk_limit); 267 268 ret = (void *)_brk_end; 269 _brk_end += size; 270 271 memset(ret, 0, size); 272 273 return ret; 274 } 275 276 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32 277 static void __init cleanup_highmap(void) 278 { 279 } 280 #endif 281 282 static void __init reserve_brk(void) 283 { 284 if (_brk_end > _brk_start) 285 memblock_reserve_kern(__pa_symbol(_brk_start), 286 _brk_end - _brk_start); 287 288 /* Mark brk area as locked down and no longer taking any 289 new allocations */ 290 _brk_start = 0; 291 } 292 293 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD 294 295 static u64 __init get_ramdisk_image(void) 296 { 297 u64 ramdisk_image = boot_params.hdr.ramdisk_image; 298 299 ramdisk_image |= (u64)boot_params.ext_ramdisk_image << 32; 300 301 if (ramdisk_image == 0) 302 ramdisk_image = phys_initrd_start; 303 304 return ramdisk_image; 305 } 306 static u64 __init get_ramdisk_size(void) 307 { 308 u64 ramdisk_size = boot_params.hdr.ramdisk_size; 309 310 ramdisk_size |= (u64)boot_params.ext_ramdisk_size << 32; 311 312 if (ramdisk_size == 0) 313 ramdisk_size = phys_initrd_size; 314 315 return ramdisk_size; 316 } 317 318 static void __init relocate_initrd(void) 319 { 320 /* Assume only end is not page aligned */ 321 u64 ramdisk_image = get_ramdisk_image(); 322 u64 ramdisk_size = get_ramdisk_size(); 323 u64 area_size = PAGE_ALIGN(ramdisk_size); 324 int ret = 0; 325 326 /* We need to move the initrd down into directly mapped mem */ 327 u64 relocated_ramdisk = memblock_phys_alloc_range(area_size, PAGE_SIZE, 0, 328 PFN_PHYS(max_pfn_mapped)); 329 if (!relocated_ramdisk) 330 panic("Cannot find place for new RAMDISK of size %lld\n", 331 ramdisk_size); 332 333 initrd_start = relocated_ramdisk + PAGE_OFFSET; 334 initrd_end = initrd_start + ramdisk_size; 335 printk(KERN_INFO "Allocated new RAMDISK: [mem %#010llx-%#010llx]\n", 336 relocated_ramdisk, relocated_ramdisk + ramdisk_size - 1); 337 338 ret = copy_from_early_mem((void *)initrd_start, ramdisk_image, ramdisk_size); 339 if (ret) 340 panic("Copy RAMDISK failed\n"); 341 342 printk(KERN_INFO "Move RAMDISK from [mem %#010llx-%#010llx] to" 343 " [mem %#010llx-%#010llx]\n", 344 ramdisk_image, ramdisk_image + ramdisk_size - 1, 345 relocated_ramdisk, relocated_ramdisk + ramdisk_size - 1); 346 } 347 348 static void __init early_reserve_initrd(void) 349 { 350 /* Assume only end is not page aligned */ 351 u64 ramdisk_image = get_ramdisk_image(); 352 u64 ramdisk_size = get_ramdisk_size(); 353 u64 ramdisk_end = PAGE_ALIGN(ramdisk_image + ramdisk_size); 354 355 if (!boot_params.hdr.type_of_loader || 356 !ramdisk_image || !ramdisk_size) 357 return; /* No initrd provided by bootloader */ 358 359 memblock_reserve_kern(ramdisk_image, ramdisk_end - ramdisk_image); 360 } 361 362 static void __init reserve_initrd(void) 363 { 364 /* Assume only end is not page aligned */ 365 u64 ramdisk_image = get_ramdisk_image(); 366 u64 ramdisk_size = get_ramdisk_size(); 367 u64 ramdisk_end = PAGE_ALIGN(ramdisk_image + ramdisk_size); 368 369 if (!boot_params.hdr.type_of_loader || 370 !ramdisk_image || !ramdisk_size) 371 return; /* No initrd provided by bootloader */ 372 373 initrd_start = 0; 374 375 printk(KERN_INFO "RAMDISK: [mem %#010llx-%#010llx]\n", ramdisk_image, 376 ramdisk_end - 1); 377 378 if (pfn_range_is_mapped(PFN_DOWN(ramdisk_image), 379 PFN_DOWN(ramdisk_end))) { 380 /* All are mapped, easy case */ 381 initrd_start = ramdisk_image + PAGE_OFFSET; 382 initrd_end = initrd_start + ramdisk_size; 383 return; 384 } 385 386 relocate_initrd(); 387 388 memblock_phys_free(ramdisk_image, ramdisk_end - ramdisk_image); 389 } 390 391 #else 392 static void __init early_reserve_initrd(void) 393 { 394 } 395 static void __init reserve_initrd(void) 396 { 397 } 398 #endif /* CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD */ 399 400 static void __init add_early_ima_buffer(u64 phys_addr) 401 { 402 #ifdef CONFIG_IMA 403 struct ima_setup_data *data; 404 405 data = early_memremap(phys_addr + sizeof(struct setup_data), sizeof(*data)); 406 if (!data) { 407 pr_warn("setup: failed to memremap ima_setup_data entry\n"); 408 return; 409 } 410 411 if (data->size) { 412 memblock_reserve_kern(data->addr, data->size); 413 ima_kexec_buffer_phys = data->addr; 414 ima_kexec_buffer_size = data->size; 415 } 416 417 early_memunmap(data, sizeof(*data)); 418 #else 419 pr_warn("Passed IMA kexec data, but CONFIG_IMA not set. Ignoring.\n"); 420 #endif 421 } 422 423 #if defined(CONFIG_HAVE_IMA_KEXEC) && !defined(CONFIG_OF_FLATTREE) 424 int __init ima_free_kexec_buffer(void) 425 { 426 if (!ima_kexec_buffer_size) 427 return -ENOENT; 428 429 memblock_free_late(ima_kexec_buffer_phys, 430 ima_kexec_buffer_size); 431 432 ima_kexec_buffer_phys = 0; 433 ima_kexec_buffer_size = 0; 434 435 return 0; 436 } 437 438 int __init ima_get_kexec_buffer(void **addr, size_t *size) 439 { 440 int ret; 441 442 if (!ima_kexec_buffer_size) 443 return -ENOENT; 444 445 ret = ima_validate_range(ima_kexec_buffer_phys, ima_kexec_buffer_size); 446 if (ret) 447 return ret; 448 449 *addr = __va(ima_kexec_buffer_phys); 450 *size = ima_kexec_buffer_size; 451 452 return 0; 453 } 454 #endif 455 456 static void __init add_kho(u64 phys_addr, u32 data_len) 457 { 458 struct kho_data *kho; 459 u64 addr = phys_addr + sizeof(struct setup_data); 460 u64 size = data_len - sizeof(struct setup_data); 461 462 if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_KEXEC_HANDOVER)) { 463 pr_warn("Passed KHO data, but CONFIG_KEXEC_HANDOVER not set. Ignoring.\n"); 464 return; 465 } 466 467 kho = early_memremap(addr, size); 468 if (!kho) { 469 pr_warn("setup: failed to memremap kho data (0x%llx, 0x%llx)\n", 470 addr, size); 471 return; 472 } 473 474 kho_populate(kho->fdt_addr, kho->fdt_size, kho->scratch_addr, kho->scratch_size); 475 476 early_memunmap(kho, size); 477 } 478 479 static void __init parse_setup_data(void) 480 { 481 struct setup_data *data; 482 u64 pa_data, pa_next; 483 484 pa_data = boot_params.hdr.setup_data; 485 while (pa_data) { 486 u32 data_len, data_type; 487 488 data = early_memremap(pa_data, sizeof(*data)); 489 data_len = data->len + sizeof(struct setup_data); 490 data_type = data->type; 491 pa_next = data->next; 492 early_memunmap(data, sizeof(*data)); 493 494 switch (data_type) { 495 case SETUP_E820_EXT: 496 e820__memory_setup_extended(pa_data, data_len); 497 break; 498 case SETUP_DTB: 499 add_dtb(pa_data); 500 break; 501 case SETUP_EFI: 502 parse_efi_setup(pa_data, data_len); 503 break; 504 case SETUP_IMA: 505 add_early_ima_buffer(pa_data); 506 break; 507 case SETUP_KEXEC_KHO: 508 add_kho(pa_data, data_len); 509 break; 510 case SETUP_RNG_SEED: 511 data = early_memremap(pa_data, data_len); 512 add_bootloader_randomness(data->data, data->len); 513 /* Zero seed for forward secrecy. */ 514 memzero_explicit(data->data, data->len); 515 /* Zero length in case we find ourselves back here by accident. */ 516 memzero_explicit(&data->len, sizeof(data->len)); 517 early_memunmap(data, data_len); 518 break; 519 default: 520 break; 521 } 522 pa_data = pa_next; 523 } 524 } 525 526 /* 527 * Translate the fields of 'struct boot_param' into global variables 528 * representing these parameters. 529 */ 530 static void __init parse_boot_params(void) 531 { 532 ROOT_DEV = old_decode_dev(boot_params.hdr.root_dev); 533 sysfb_primary_display.screen = boot_params.screen_info; 534 #if defined(CONFIG_FIRMWARE_EDID) 535 sysfb_primary_display.edid = boot_params.edid_info; 536 #endif 537 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32 538 apm_info.bios = boot_params.apm_bios_info; 539 ist_info = boot_params.ist_info; 540 #endif 541 saved_video_mode = boot_params.hdr.vid_mode; 542 bootloader_type = boot_params.hdr.type_of_loader; 543 if ((bootloader_type >> 4) == 0xe) { 544 bootloader_type &= 0xf; 545 bootloader_type |= (boot_params.hdr.ext_loader_type+0x10) << 4; 546 } 547 bootloader_version = bootloader_type & 0xf; 548 bootloader_version |= boot_params.hdr.ext_loader_ver << 4; 549 550 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_RAM 551 rd_image_start = boot_params.hdr.ram_size & RAMDISK_IMAGE_START_MASK; 552 #endif 553 #ifdef CONFIG_EFI 554 if (!strncmp((char *)&boot_params.efi_info.efi_loader_signature, 555 EFI32_LOADER_SIGNATURE, 4)) { 556 set_bit(EFI_BOOT, &efi.flags); 557 } else if (!strncmp((char *)&boot_params.efi_info.efi_loader_signature, 558 EFI64_LOADER_SIGNATURE, 4)) { 559 set_bit(EFI_BOOT, &efi.flags); 560 set_bit(EFI_64BIT, &efi.flags); 561 } 562 #endif 563 564 if (!boot_params.hdr.root_flags) 565 root_mountflags &= ~MS_RDONLY; 566 } 567 568 static void __init memblock_x86_reserve_range_setup_data(void) 569 { 570 struct setup_indirect *indirect; 571 struct setup_data *data; 572 u64 pa_data, pa_next; 573 u32 len; 574 575 pa_data = boot_params.hdr.setup_data; 576 while (pa_data) { 577 data = early_memremap(pa_data, sizeof(*data)); 578 if (!data) { 579 pr_warn("setup: failed to memremap setup_data entry\n"); 580 return; 581 } 582 583 len = sizeof(*data); 584 pa_next = data->next; 585 586 memblock_reserve_kern(pa_data, sizeof(*data) + data->len); 587 588 if (data->type == SETUP_INDIRECT) { 589 len += data->len; 590 early_memunmap(data, sizeof(*data)); 591 data = early_memremap(pa_data, len); 592 if (!data) { 593 pr_warn("setup: failed to memremap indirect setup_data\n"); 594 return; 595 } 596 597 indirect = (struct setup_indirect *)data->data; 598 599 if (indirect->type != SETUP_INDIRECT) 600 memblock_reserve_kern(indirect->addr, indirect->len); 601 } 602 603 pa_data = pa_next; 604 early_memunmap(data, len); 605 } 606 } 607 608 static void __init arch_reserve_crashkernel(void) 609 { 610 unsigned long long crash_base, crash_size, low_size = 0, cma_size = 0; 611 bool high = false; 612 int ret; 613 614 if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_CRASH_RESERVE)) 615 return; 616 617 ret = parse_crashkernel(boot_command_line, memblock_phys_mem_size(), 618 &crash_size, &crash_base, 619 &low_size, &cma_size, &high); 620 if (ret) 621 return; 622 623 if (xen_pv_domain()) { 624 pr_info("Ignoring crashkernel for a Xen PV domain\n"); 625 return; 626 } 627 628 reserve_crashkernel_generic(crash_size, crash_base, low_size, high); 629 reserve_crashkernel_cma(cma_size); 630 } 631 632 static struct resource standard_io_resources[] = { 633 { .name = "dma1", .start = 0x00, .end = 0x1f, 634 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO }, 635 { .name = "pic1", .start = 0x20, .end = 0x21, 636 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO }, 637 { .name = "timer0", .start = 0x40, .end = 0x43, 638 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO }, 639 { .name = "timer1", .start = 0x50, .end = 0x53, 640 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO }, 641 { .name = "keyboard", .start = 0x60, .end = 0x60, 642 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO }, 643 { .name = "keyboard", .start = 0x64, .end = 0x64, 644 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO }, 645 { .name = "dma page reg", .start = 0x80, .end = 0x8f, 646 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO }, 647 { .name = "pic2", .start = 0xa0, .end = 0xa1, 648 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO }, 649 { .name = "dma2", .start = 0xc0, .end = 0xdf, 650 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO }, 651 { .name = "fpu", .start = 0xf0, .end = 0xff, 652 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO } 653 }; 654 655 void __init reserve_standard_io_resources(void) 656 { 657 int i; 658 659 /* request I/O space for devices used on all i[345]86 PCs */ 660 for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(standard_io_resources); i++) 661 request_resource(&ioport_resource, &standard_io_resources[i]); 662 663 } 664 665 static void __init setup_kernel_resources(void) 666 { 667 code_resource.start = __pa_symbol(_text); 668 code_resource.end = __pa_symbol(_etext)-1; 669 rodata_resource.start = __pa_symbol(__start_rodata); 670 rodata_resource.end = __pa_symbol(__end_rodata)-1; 671 data_resource.start = __pa_symbol(_sdata); 672 data_resource.end = __pa_symbol(_edata)-1; 673 bss_resource.start = __pa_symbol(__bss_start); 674 bss_resource.end = __pa_symbol(__bss_stop)-1; 675 676 insert_resource(&iomem_resource, &code_resource); 677 insert_resource(&iomem_resource, &rodata_resource); 678 insert_resource(&iomem_resource, &data_resource); 679 insert_resource(&iomem_resource, &bss_resource); 680 } 681 682 static bool __init snb_gfx_workaround_needed(void) 683 { 684 #ifdef CONFIG_PCI 685 int i; 686 u16 vendor, devid; 687 static const __initconst u16 snb_ids[] = { 688 0x0102, 689 0x0112, 690 0x0122, 691 0x0106, 692 0x0116, 693 0x0126, 694 0x010a, 695 }; 696 697 /* Assume no if something weird is going on with PCI */ 698 if (!early_pci_allowed()) 699 return false; 700 701 vendor = read_pci_config_16(0, 2, 0, PCI_VENDOR_ID); 702 if (vendor != 0x8086) 703 return false; 704 705 devid = read_pci_config_16(0, 2, 0, PCI_DEVICE_ID); 706 for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(snb_ids); i++) 707 if (devid == snb_ids[i]) 708 return true; 709 #endif 710 711 return false; 712 } 713 714 /* 715 * Sandy Bridge graphics has trouble with certain ranges, exclude 716 * them from allocation. 717 */ 718 static void __init trim_snb_memory(void) 719 { 720 static const __initconst unsigned long bad_pages[] = { 721 0x20050000, 722 0x20110000, 723 0x20130000, 724 0x20138000, 725 0x40004000, 726 }; 727 int i; 728 729 if (!snb_gfx_workaround_needed()) 730 return; 731 732 printk(KERN_DEBUG "reserving inaccessible SNB gfx pages\n"); 733 734 /* 735 * SandyBridge integrated graphics devices have a bug that prevents 736 * them from accessing certain memory ranges, namely anything below 737 * 1M and in the pages listed in bad_pages[] above. 738 * 739 * To avoid these pages being ever accessed by SNB gfx devices reserve 740 * bad_pages that have not already been reserved at boot time. 741 * All memory below the 1 MB mark is anyway reserved later during 742 * setup_arch(), so there is no need to reserve it here. 743 */ 744 745 for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(bad_pages); i++) { 746 if (memblock_reserve(bad_pages[i], PAGE_SIZE)) 747 printk(KERN_WARNING "failed to reserve 0x%08lx\n", 748 bad_pages[i]); 749 } 750 } 751 752 static void __init trim_bios_range(void) 753 { 754 /* 755 * A special case is the first 4Kb of memory; 756 * This is a BIOS owned area, not kernel ram, but generally 757 * not listed as such in the E820 table. 758 * 759 * This typically reserves additional memory (64KiB by default) 760 * since some BIOSes are known to corrupt low memory. See the 761 * Kconfig help text for X86_RESERVE_LOW. 762 */ 763 e820__range_update(0, PAGE_SIZE, E820_TYPE_RAM, E820_TYPE_RESERVED); 764 765 /* 766 * special case: Some BIOSes report the PC BIOS 767 * area (640Kb -> 1Mb) as RAM even though it is not. 768 * take them out. 769 */ 770 e820__range_remove(BIOS_BEGIN, BIOS_END - BIOS_BEGIN, E820_TYPE_RAM); 771 772 e820__update_table(e820_table); 773 } 774 775 /* called before trim_bios_range() to spare extra sanitize */ 776 static void __init e820_add_kernel_range(void) 777 { 778 u64 start = __pa_symbol(_text); 779 u64 size = __pa_symbol(_end) - start; 780 781 /* 782 * Complain if .text .data and .bss are not marked as E820_TYPE_RAM and 783 * attempt to fix it by adding the range. We may have a confused BIOS, 784 * or the user may have used memmap=exactmap or memmap=xxM$yyM to 785 * exclude kernel range. If we really are running on top non-RAM, 786 * we will crash later anyways. 787 */ 788 if (e820__mapped_all(start, start + size, E820_TYPE_RAM)) 789 return; 790 791 pr_warn(".text .data .bss are not marked as E820_TYPE_RAM!\n"); 792 e820__range_remove(start, size, 0); 793 e820__range_add(start, size, E820_TYPE_RAM); 794 } 795 796 static void __init early_reserve_memory(void) 797 { 798 /* 799 * Reserve the memory occupied by the kernel between _text and 800 * __end_of_kernel_reserve symbols. Any kernel sections after the 801 * __end_of_kernel_reserve symbol must be explicitly reserved with a 802 * separate memblock_reserve() or they will be discarded. 803 */ 804 memblock_reserve_kern(__pa_symbol(_text), 805 (unsigned long)__end_of_kernel_reserve - (unsigned long)_text); 806 807 /* 808 * The first 4Kb of memory is a BIOS owned area, but generally it is 809 * not listed as such in the E820 table. 810 * 811 * Reserve the first 64K of memory since some BIOSes are known to 812 * corrupt low memory. After the real mode trampoline is allocated the 813 * rest of the memory below 640k is reserved. 814 * 815 * In addition, make sure page 0 is always reserved because on 816 * systems with L1TF its contents can be leaked to user processes. 817 */ 818 memblock_reserve(0, SZ_64K); 819 820 early_reserve_initrd(); 821 822 memblock_x86_reserve_range_setup_data(); 823 824 reserve_bios_regions(); 825 trim_snb_memory(); 826 } 827 828 /* 829 * Dump out kernel offset information on panic. 830 */ 831 static int 832 dump_kernel_offset(struct notifier_block *self, unsigned long v, void *p) 833 { 834 if (kaslr_enabled()) { 835 pr_emerg("Kernel Offset: 0x%lx from 0x%lx (relocation range: 0x%lx-0x%lx)\n", 836 kaslr_offset(), 837 __START_KERNEL, 838 __START_KERNEL_map, 839 MODULES_VADDR-1); 840 } else { 841 pr_emerg("Kernel Offset: disabled\n"); 842 } 843 844 return 0; 845 } 846 847 void x86_configure_nx(void) 848 { 849 if (boot_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_NX)) 850 __supported_pte_mask |= _PAGE_NX; 851 else 852 __supported_pte_mask &= ~_PAGE_NX; 853 } 854 855 static void __init x86_report_nx(void) 856 { 857 if (!boot_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_NX)) { 858 printk(KERN_NOTICE "Notice: NX (Execute Disable) protection " 859 "missing in CPU!\n"); 860 } else { 861 #if defined(CONFIG_X86_64) || defined(CONFIG_X86_PAE) 862 printk(KERN_INFO "NX (Execute Disable) protection: active\n"); 863 #else 864 /* 32bit non-PAE kernel, NX cannot be used */ 865 printk(KERN_NOTICE "Notice: NX (Execute Disable) protection " 866 "cannot be enabled: non-PAE kernel!\n"); 867 #endif 868 } 869 } 870 871 /* 872 * Determine if we were loaded by an EFI loader. If so, then we have also been 873 * passed the efi memmap, systab, etc., so we should use these data structures 874 * for initialization. Note, the efi init code path is determined by the 875 * global efi_enabled. This allows the same kernel image to be used on existing 876 * systems (with a traditional BIOS) as well as on EFI systems. 877 */ 878 /* 879 * setup_arch - architecture-specific boot-time initializations 880 * 881 * Note: On x86_64, fixmaps are ready for use even before this is called. 882 */ 883 884 void __init setup_arch(char **cmdline_p) 885 { 886 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32 887 memcpy(&boot_cpu_data, &new_cpu_data, sizeof(new_cpu_data)); 888 889 /* 890 * copy kernel address range established so far and switch 891 * to the proper swapper page table 892 */ 893 clone_pgd_range(swapper_pg_dir + KERNEL_PGD_BOUNDARY, 894 initial_page_table + KERNEL_PGD_BOUNDARY, 895 KERNEL_PGD_PTRS); 896 897 load_cr3(swapper_pg_dir); 898 /* 899 * Note: Quark X1000 CPUs advertise PGE incorrectly and require 900 * a cr3 based tlb flush, so the following __flush_tlb_all() 901 * will not flush anything because the CPU quirk which clears 902 * X86_FEATURE_PGE has not been invoked yet. Though due to the 903 * load_cr3() above the TLB has been flushed already. The 904 * quirk is invoked before subsequent calls to __flush_tlb_all() 905 * so proper operation is guaranteed. 906 */ 907 __flush_tlb_all(); 908 #else 909 printk(KERN_INFO "Command line: %s\n", boot_command_line); 910 boot_cpu_data.x86_phys_bits = MAX_PHYSMEM_BITS; 911 #endif 912 913 #ifdef CONFIG_CMDLINE_BOOL 914 #ifdef CONFIG_CMDLINE_OVERRIDE 915 strscpy(boot_command_line, builtin_cmdline, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE); 916 #else 917 if (builtin_cmdline[0]) { 918 /* append boot loader cmdline to builtin */ 919 strlcat(builtin_cmdline, " ", COMMAND_LINE_SIZE); 920 strlcat(builtin_cmdline, boot_command_line, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE); 921 strscpy(boot_command_line, builtin_cmdline, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE); 922 } 923 #endif 924 builtin_cmdline_added = true; 925 #endif 926 927 strscpy(command_line, boot_command_line, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE); 928 *cmdline_p = command_line; 929 930 /* 931 * If we have OLPC OFW, we might end up relocating the fixmap due to 932 * reserve_top(), so do this before touching the ioremap area. 933 */ 934 olpc_ofw_detect(); 935 936 idt_setup_early_traps(); 937 early_cpu_init(); 938 jump_label_init(); 939 static_call_init(); 940 early_ioremap_init(); 941 942 setup_olpc_ofw_pgd(); 943 944 parse_boot_params(); 945 946 x86_init.oem.arch_setup(); 947 948 /* 949 * Do some memory reservations *before* memory is added to memblock, so 950 * memblock allocations won't overwrite it. 951 * 952 * After this point, everything still needed from the boot loader or 953 * firmware or kernel text should be early reserved or marked not RAM in 954 * e820. All other memory is free game. 955 * 956 * This call needs to happen before e820__memory_setup() which calls the 957 * xen_memory_setup() on Xen dom0 which relies on the fact that those 958 * early reservations have happened already. 959 */ 960 early_reserve_memory(); 961 962 iomem_resource.end = (1ULL << boot_cpu_data.x86_phys_bits) - 1; 963 e820__memory_setup(); 964 parse_setup_data(); 965 966 copy_edd(); 967 968 setup_initial_init_mm(_text, _etext, _edata, (void *)_brk_end); 969 970 /* 971 * x86_configure_nx() is called before parse_early_param() to detect 972 * whether hardware doesn't support NX (so that the early EHCI debug 973 * console setup can safely call set_fixmap()). 974 */ 975 x86_configure_nx(); 976 977 parse_early_param(); 978 979 if (efi_enabled(EFI_BOOT)) 980 efi_memblock_x86_reserve_range(); 981 982 x86_report_nx(); 983 984 apic_setup_apic_calls(); 985 986 if (acpi_mps_check()) { 987 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_LOCAL_APIC 988 apic_is_disabled = true; 989 #endif 990 setup_clear_cpu_cap(X86_FEATURE_APIC); 991 } 992 993 e820__finish_early_params(); 994 995 if (efi_enabled(EFI_BOOT)) 996 efi_init(); 997 998 reserve_ibft_region(); 999 x86_init.resources.dmi_setup(); 1000 1001 /* 1002 * VMware detection requires dmi to be available, so this 1003 * needs to be done after dmi_setup(), for the boot CPU. 1004 * For some guest types (Xen PV, SEV-SNP, TDX) it is required to be 1005 * called before cache_bp_init() for setting up MTRR state. 1006 */ 1007 init_hypervisor_platform(); 1008 1009 tsc_early_init(); 1010 x86_init.resources.probe_roms(); 1011 1012 /* 1013 * Add resources for kernel text and data to the iomem_resource. 1014 * Do it after parse_early_param, so it can be debugged. 1015 */ 1016 setup_kernel_resources(); 1017 1018 e820_add_kernel_range(); 1019 trim_bios_range(); 1020 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32 1021 if (ppro_with_ram_bug()) { 1022 pr_info("Applying PPro RAM bug workaround: punching 256 kB hole at 1.75 GB physical.\n"); 1023 e820__range_update(0x70000000ULL, SZ_256K, E820_TYPE_RAM, E820_TYPE_RESERVED); 1024 e820__update_table(e820_table); 1025 } 1026 #else 1027 early_gart_iommu_check(); 1028 #endif 1029 1030 /* 1031 * partially used pages are not usable - thus 1032 * we are rounding upwards: 1033 */ 1034 max_pfn = e820__end_of_ram_pfn(); 1035 1036 /* update e820 for memory not covered by WB MTRRs */ 1037 cache_bp_init(); 1038 if (mtrr_trim_uncached_memory(max_pfn)) 1039 max_pfn = e820__end_of_ram_pfn(); 1040 1041 max_possible_pfn = max_pfn; 1042 1043 /* 1044 * Define random base addresses for memory sections after max_pfn is 1045 * defined and before each memory section base is used. 1046 */ 1047 kernel_randomize_memory(); 1048 1049 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32 1050 /* max_low_pfn get updated here */ 1051 find_low_pfn_range(); 1052 #else 1053 check_x2apic(); 1054 1055 /* How many end-of-memory variables you have, grandma! */ 1056 /* need this before calling reserve_initrd */ 1057 if (max_pfn > (1UL<<(32 - PAGE_SHIFT))) 1058 max_low_pfn = e820__end_of_low_ram_pfn(); 1059 else 1060 max_low_pfn = max_pfn; 1061 #endif 1062 1063 /* Find and reserve MPTABLE area */ 1064 x86_init.mpparse.find_mptable(); 1065 1066 early_alloc_pgt_buf(); 1067 1068 /* 1069 * Need to conclude brk, before e820__memblock_setup() 1070 * it could use memblock_find_in_range, could overlap with 1071 * brk area. 1072 */ 1073 reserve_brk(); 1074 1075 cleanup_highmap(); 1076 1077 e820__memblock_setup(); 1078 1079 /* 1080 * Needs to run after memblock setup because it needs the physical 1081 * memory size. 1082 */ 1083 mem_encrypt_setup_arch(); 1084 cc_random_init(); 1085 1086 efi_find_mirror(); 1087 efi_esrt_init(); 1088 efi_mokvar_table_init(); 1089 1090 /* 1091 * The EFI specification says that boot service code won't be 1092 * called after ExitBootServices(). This is, in fact, a lie. 1093 */ 1094 efi_reserve_boot_services(); 1095 1096 /* preallocate 4k for mptable mpc */ 1097 e820__memblock_alloc_reserved_mpc_new(); 1098 1099 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_CHECK_BIOS_CORRUPTION 1100 setup_bios_corruption_check(); 1101 #endif 1102 1103 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32 1104 printk(KERN_DEBUG "initial memory mapped: [mem 0x00000000-%#010lx]\n", 1105 (max_pfn_mapped<<PAGE_SHIFT) - 1); 1106 #endif 1107 1108 /* 1109 * Find free memory for the real mode trampoline and place it there. If 1110 * there is not enough free memory under 1M, on EFI-enabled systems 1111 * there will be additional attempt to reclaim the memory for the real 1112 * mode trampoline at efi_free_boot_services(). 1113 * 1114 * Unconditionally reserve the entire first 1M of RAM because BIOSes 1115 * are known to corrupt low memory and several hundred kilobytes are not 1116 * worth complex detection what memory gets clobbered. Windows does the 1117 * same thing for very similar reasons. 1118 * 1119 * Moreover, on machines with SandyBridge graphics or in setups that use 1120 * crashkernel the entire 1M is reserved anyway. 1121 * 1122 * Note the host kernel TDX also requires the first 1MB being reserved. 1123 */ 1124 x86_platform.realmode_reserve(); 1125 1126 init_mem_mapping(); 1127 1128 /* 1129 * init_mem_mapping() relies on the early IDT page fault handling. 1130 * Now either enable FRED or install the real page fault handler 1131 * for 64-bit in the IDT. 1132 */ 1133 cpu_init_replace_early_idt(); 1134 1135 /* 1136 * Update mmu_cr4_features (and, indirectly, trampoline_cr4_features) 1137 * with the current CR4 value. This may not be necessary, but 1138 * auditing all the early-boot CR4 manipulation would be needed to 1139 * rule it out. 1140 * 1141 * Mask off features that don't work outside long mode (just 1142 * PCIDE for now). 1143 */ 1144 mmu_cr4_features = __read_cr4() & ~X86_CR4_PCIDE; 1145 1146 memblock_set_current_limit(get_max_mapped()); 1147 1148 /* 1149 * NOTE: On x86-32, only from this point on, fixmaps are ready for use. 1150 */ 1151 1152 #ifdef CONFIG_PROVIDE_OHCI1394_DMA_INIT 1153 if (init_ohci1394_dma_early) 1154 init_ohci1394_dma_on_all_controllers(); 1155 #endif 1156 /* Allocate bigger log buffer */ 1157 setup_log_buf(1); 1158 1159 if (efi_enabled(EFI_BOOT)) { 1160 switch (boot_params.secure_boot) { 1161 case efi_secureboot_mode_disabled: 1162 pr_info("Secure boot disabled\n"); 1163 break; 1164 case efi_secureboot_mode_enabled: 1165 pr_info("Secure boot enabled\n"); 1166 break; 1167 default: 1168 pr_info("Secure boot could not be determined\n"); 1169 break; 1170 } 1171 } 1172 1173 reserve_initrd(); 1174 1175 acpi_table_upgrade(); 1176 /* Look for ACPI tables and reserve memory occupied by them. */ 1177 acpi_boot_table_init(); 1178 1179 vsmp_init(); 1180 1181 io_delay_init(); 1182 1183 early_platform_quirks(); 1184 1185 /* Some platforms need the APIC registered for NUMA configuration */ 1186 early_acpi_boot_init(); 1187 x86_init.mpparse.early_parse_smp_cfg(); 1188 1189 x86_flattree_get_config(); 1190 1191 initmem_init(); 1192 dma_contiguous_reserve(max_pfn_mapped << PAGE_SHIFT); 1193 1194 /* 1195 * Reserve memory for crash kernel after SRAT is parsed so that it 1196 * won't consume hotpluggable memory. 1197 */ 1198 arch_reserve_crashkernel(); 1199 1200 if (!early_xdbc_setup_hardware()) 1201 early_xdbc_register_console(); 1202 1203 x86_init.paging.pagetable_init(); 1204 1205 kasan_init(); 1206 1207 /* 1208 * Sync back kernel address range. 1209 * 1210 * FIXME: Can the later sync in setup_cpu_entry_areas() replace 1211 * this call? 1212 */ 1213 sync_initial_page_table(); 1214 1215 tboot_probe(); 1216 1217 map_vsyscall(); 1218 1219 x86_32_probe_apic(); 1220 1221 early_quirks(); 1222 1223 topology_apply_cmdline_limits_early(); 1224 1225 /* 1226 * Parse SMP configuration. Try ACPI first and then the platform 1227 * specific parser. 1228 */ 1229 acpi_boot_init(); 1230 x86_init.mpparse.parse_smp_cfg(); 1231 1232 /* Last opportunity to detect and map the local APIC */ 1233 init_apic_mappings(); 1234 1235 topology_init_possible_cpus(); 1236 1237 init_cpu_to_node(); 1238 init_gi_nodes(); 1239 1240 io_apic_init_mappings(); 1241 1242 x86_init.hyper.guest_late_init(); 1243 1244 e820__reserve_resources(); 1245 e820__register_nosave_regions(max_pfn); 1246 1247 x86_init.resources.reserve_resources(); 1248 1249 e820__setup_pci_gap(); 1250 1251 #ifdef CONFIG_VT 1252 #if defined(CONFIG_VGA_CONSOLE) 1253 if (!efi_enabled(EFI_BOOT) || (efi_mem_type(0xa0000) != EFI_CONVENTIONAL_MEMORY)) 1254 vgacon_register_screen(&sysfb_primary_display.screen); 1255 #endif 1256 #endif 1257 x86_init.oem.banner(); 1258 1259 x86_init.timers.wallclock_init(); 1260 1261 /* 1262 * This needs to run before setup_local_APIC() which soft-disables the 1263 * local APIC temporarily and that masks the thermal LVT interrupt, 1264 * leading to softlockups on machines which have configured SMI 1265 * interrupt delivery. 1266 */ 1267 therm_lvt_init(); 1268 1269 mcheck_init(); 1270 1271 register_refined_jiffies(CLOCK_TICK_RATE); 1272 1273 #ifdef CONFIG_EFI 1274 if (efi_enabled(EFI_BOOT)) 1275 efi_apply_memmap_quirks(); 1276 #endif 1277 1278 unwind_init(); 1279 } 1280 1281 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32 1282 1283 static struct resource video_ram_resource = { 1284 .name = "Video RAM area", 1285 .start = 0xa0000, 1286 .end = 0xbffff, 1287 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_MEM 1288 }; 1289 1290 void __init i386_reserve_resources(void) 1291 { 1292 request_resource(&iomem_resource, &video_ram_resource); 1293 reserve_standard_io_resources(); 1294 } 1295 1296 #endif /* CONFIG_X86_32 */ 1297 1298 static struct notifier_block kernel_offset_notifier = { 1299 .notifier_call = dump_kernel_offset 1300 }; 1301 1302 static int __init register_kernel_offset_dumper(void) 1303 { 1304 atomic_notifier_chain_register(&panic_notifier_list, 1305 &kernel_offset_notifier); 1306 return 0; 1307 } 1308 __initcall(register_kernel_offset_dumper); 1309 1310 #ifdef CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU 1311 bool arch_cpu_is_hotpluggable(int cpu) 1312 { 1313 return cpu > 0; 1314 } 1315 #endif /* CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU */ 1316