xref: /linux/arch/x86/kernel/process_32.c (revision 95e9fd10f06cb5642028b6b851e32b8c8afb4571)
1 /*
2  *  Copyright (C) 1995  Linus Torvalds
3  *
4  *  Pentium III FXSR, SSE support
5  *	Gareth Hughes <gareth@valinux.com>, May 2000
6  */
7 
8 /*
9  * This file handles the architecture-dependent parts of process handling..
10  */
11 
12 #include <linux/cpu.h>
13 #include <linux/errno.h>
14 #include <linux/sched.h>
15 #include <linux/fs.h>
16 #include <linux/kernel.h>
17 #include <linux/mm.h>
18 #include <linux/elfcore.h>
19 #include <linux/smp.h>
20 #include <linux/stddef.h>
21 #include <linux/slab.h>
22 #include <linux/vmalloc.h>
23 #include <linux/user.h>
24 #include <linux/interrupt.h>
25 #include <linux/delay.h>
26 #include <linux/reboot.h>
27 #include <linux/init.h>
28 #include <linux/mc146818rtc.h>
29 #include <linux/module.h>
30 #include <linux/kallsyms.h>
31 #include <linux/ptrace.h>
32 #include <linux/personality.h>
33 #include <linux/percpu.h>
34 #include <linux/prctl.h>
35 #include <linux/ftrace.h>
36 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
37 #include <linux/io.h>
38 #include <linux/kdebug.h>
39 
40 #include <asm/pgtable.h>
41 #include <asm/ldt.h>
42 #include <asm/processor.h>
43 #include <asm/i387.h>
44 #include <asm/fpu-internal.h>
45 #include <asm/desc.h>
46 #ifdef CONFIG_MATH_EMULATION
47 #include <asm/math_emu.h>
48 #endif
49 
50 #include <linux/err.h>
51 
52 #include <asm/tlbflush.h>
53 #include <asm/cpu.h>
54 #include <asm/idle.h>
55 #include <asm/syscalls.h>
56 #include <asm/debugreg.h>
57 #include <asm/switch_to.h>
58 
59 asmlinkage void ret_from_fork(void) __asm__("ret_from_fork");
60 
61 /*
62  * Return saved PC of a blocked thread.
63  */
64 unsigned long thread_saved_pc(struct task_struct *tsk)
65 {
66 	return ((unsigned long *)tsk->thread.sp)[3];
67 }
68 
69 void __show_regs(struct pt_regs *regs, int all)
70 {
71 	unsigned long cr0 = 0L, cr2 = 0L, cr3 = 0L, cr4 = 0L;
72 	unsigned long d0, d1, d2, d3, d6, d7;
73 	unsigned long sp;
74 	unsigned short ss, gs;
75 
76 	if (user_mode_vm(regs)) {
77 		sp = regs->sp;
78 		ss = regs->ss & 0xffff;
79 		gs = get_user_gs(regs);
80 	} else {
81 		sp = kernel_stack_pointer(regs);
82 		savesegment(ss, ss);
83 		savesegment(gs, gs);
84 	}
85 
86 	show_regs_common();
87 
88 	printk(KERN_DEFAULT "EIP: %04x:[<%08lx>] EFLAGS: %08lx CPU: %d\n",
89 			(u16)regs->cs, regs->ip, regs->flags,
90 			smp_processor_id());
91 	print_symbol("EIP is at %s\n", regs->ip);
92 
93 	printk(KERN_DEFAULT "EAX: %08lx EBX: %08lx ECX: %08lx EDX: %08lx\n",
94 		regs->ax, regs->bx, regs->cx, regs->dx);
95 	printk(KERN_DEFAULT "ESI: %08lx EDI: %08lx EBP: %08lx ESP: %08lx\n",
96 		regs->si, regs->di, regs->bp, sp);
97 	printk(KERN_DEFAULT " DS: %04x ES: %04x FS: %04x GS: %04x SS: %04x\n",
98 	       (u16)regs->ds, (u16)regs->es, (u16)regs->fs, gs, ss);
99 
100 	if (!all)
101 		return;
102 
103 	cr0 = read_cr0();
104 	cr2 = read_cr2();
105 	cr3 = read_cr3();
106 	cr4 = read_cr4_safe();
107 	printk(KERN_DEFAULT "CR0: %08lx CR2: %08lx CR3: %08lx CR4: %08lx\n",
108 			cr0, cr2, cr3, cr4);
109 
110 	get_debugreg(d0, 0);
111 	get_debugreg(d1, 1);
112 	get_debugreg(d2, 2);
113 	get_debugreg(d3, 3);
114 	printk(KERN_DEFAULT "DR0: %08lx DR1: %08lx DR2: %08lx DR3: %08lx\n",
115 			d0, d1, d2, d3);
116 
117 	get_debugreg(d6, 6);
118 	get_debugreg(d7, 7);
119 	printk(KERN_DEFAULT "DR6: %08lx DR7: %08lx\n",
120 			d6, d7);
121 }
122 
123 void release_thread(struct task_struct *dead_task)
124 {
125 	BUG_ON(dead_task->mm);
126 	release_vm86_irqs(dead_task);
127 }
128 
129 int copy_thread(unsigned long clone_flags, unsigned long sp,
130 	unsigned long unused,
131 	struct task_struct *p, struct pt_regs *regs)
132 {
133 	struct pt_regs *childregs;
134 	struct task_struct *tsk;
135 	int err;
136 
137 	childregs = task_pt_regs(p);
138 	*childregs = *regs;
139 	childregs->ax = 0;
140 	childregs->sp = sp;
141 
142 	p->thread.sp = (unsigned long) childregs;
143 	p->thread.sp0 = (unsigned long) (childregs+1);
144 
145 	p->thread.ip = (unsigned long) ret_from_fork;
146 
147 	task_user_gs(p) = get_user_gs(regs);
148 
149 	p->fpu_counter = 0;
150 	p->thread.io_bitmap_ptr = NULL;
151 	tsk = current;
152 	err = -ENOMEM;
153 
154 	memset(p->thread.ptrace_bps, 0, sizeof(p->thread.ptrace_bps));
155 
156 	if (unlikely(test_tsk_thread_flag(tsk, TIF_IO_BITMAP))) {
157 		p->thread.io_bitmap_ptr = kmemdup(tsk->thread.io_bitmap_ptr,
158 						IO_BITMAP_BYTES, GFP_KERNEL);
159 		if (!p->thread.io_bitmap_ptr) {
160 			p->thread.io_bitmap_max = 0;
161 			return -ENOMEM;
162 		}
163 		set_tsk_thread_flag(p, TIF_IO_BITMAP);
164 	}
165 
166 	err = 0;
167 
168 	/*
169 	 * Set a new TLS for the child thread?
170 	 */
171 	if (clone_flags & CLONE_SETTLS)
172 		err = do_set_thread_area(p, -1,
173 			(struct user_desc __user *)childregs->si, 0);
174 
175 	if (err && p->thread.io_bitmap_ptr) {
176 		kfree(p->thread.io_bitmap_ptr);
177 		p->thread.io_bitmap_max = 0;
178 	}
179 	return err;
180 }
181 
182 void
183 start_thread(struct pt_regs *regs, unsigned long new_ip, unsigned long new_sp)
184 {
185 	set_user_gs(regs, 0);
186 	regs->fs		= 0;
187 	regs->ds		= __USER_DS;
188 	regs->es		= __USER_DS;
189 	regs->ss		= __USER_DS;
190 	regs->cs		= __USER_CS;
191 	regs->ip		= new_ip;
192 	regs->sp		= new_sp;
193 	/*
194 	 * Free the old FP and other extended state
195 	 */
196 	free_thread_xstate(current);
197 }
198 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(start_thread);
199 
200 
201 /*
202  *	switch_to(x,y) should switch tasks from x to y.
203  *
204  * We fsave/fwait so that an exception goes off at the right time
205  * (as a call from the fsave or fwait in effect) rather than to
206  * the wrong process. Lazy FP saving no longer makes any sense
207  * with modern CPU's, and this simplifies a lot of things (SMP
208  * and UP become the same).
209  *
210  * NOTE! We used to use the x86 hardware context switching. The
211  * reason for not using it any more becomes apparent when you
212  * try to recover gracefully from saved state that is no longer
213  * valid (stale segment register values in particular). With the
214  * hardware task-switch, there is no way to fix up bad state in
215  * a reasonable manner.
216  *
217  * The fact that Intel documents the hardware task-switching to
218  * be slow is a fairly red herring - this code is not noticeably
219  * faster. However, there _is_ some room for improvement here,
220  * so the performance issues may eventually be a valid point.
221  * More important, however, is the fact that this allows us much
222  * more flexibility.
223  *
224  * The return value (in %ax) will be the "prev" task after
225  * the task-switch, and shows up in ret_from_fork in entry.S,
226  * for example.
227  */
228 __notrace_funcgraph struct task_struct *
229 __switch_to(struct task_struct *prev_p, struct task_struct *next_p)
230 {
231 	struct thread_struct *prev = &prev_p->thread,
232 				 *next = &next_p->thread;
233 	int cpu = smp_processor_id();
234 	struct tss_struct *tss = &per_cpu(init_tss, cpu);
235 	fpu_switch_t fpu;
236 
237 	/* never put a printk in __switch_to... printk() calls wake_up*() indirectly */
238 
239 	fpu = switch_fpu_prepare(prev_p, next_p, cpu);
240 
241 	/*
242 	 * Reload esp0.
243 	 */
244 	load_sp0(tss, next);
245 
246 	/*
247 	 * Save away %gs. No need to save %fs, as it was saved on the
248 	 * stack on entry.  No need to save %es and %ds, as those are
249 	 * always kernel segments while inside the kernel.  Doing this
250 	 * before setting the new TLS descriptors avoids the situation
251 	 * where we temporarily have non-reloadable segments in %fs
252 	 * and %gs.  This could be an issue if the NMI handler ever
253 	 * used %fs or %gs (it does not today), or if the kernel is
254 	 * running inside of a hypervisor layer.
255 	 */
256 	lazy_save_gs(prev->gs);
257 
258 	/*
259 	 * Load the per-thread Thread-Local Storage descriptor.
260 	 */
261 	load_TLS(next, cpu);
262 
263 	/*
264 	 * Restore IOPL if needed.  In normal use, the flags restore
265 	 * in the switch assembly will handle this.  But if the kernel
266 	 * is running virtualized at a non-zero CPL, the popf will
267 	 * not restore flags, so it must be done in a separate step.
268 	 */
269 	if (get_kernel_rpl() && unlikely(prev->iopl != next->iopl))
270 		set_iopl_mask(next->iopl);
271 
272 	/*
273 	 * Now maybe handle debug registers and/or IO bitmaps
274 	 */
275 	if (unlikely(task_thread_info(prev_p)->flags & _TIF_WORK_CTXSW_PREV ||
276 		     task_thread_info(next_p)->flags & _TIF_WORK_CTXSW_NEXT))
277 		__switch_to_xtra(prev_p, next_p, tss);
278 
279 	/*
280 	 * Leave lazy mode, flushing any hypercalls made here.
281 	 * This must be done before restoring TLS segments so
282 	 * the GDT and LDT are properly updated, and must be
283 	 * done before math_state_restore, so the TS bit is up
284 	 * to date.
285 	 */
286 	arch_end_context_switch(next_p);
287 
288 	/*
289 	 * Restore %gs if needed (which is common)
290 	 */
291 	if (prev->gs | next->gs)
292 		lazy_load_gs(next->gs);
293 
294 	switch_fpu_finish(next_p, fpu);
295 
296 	this_cpu_write(current_task, next_p);
297 
298 	return prev_p;
299 }
300 
301 #define top_esp                (THREAD_SIZE - sizeof(unsigned long))
302 #define top_ebp                (THREAD_SIZE - 2*sizeof(unsigned long))
303 
304 unsigned long get_wchan(struct task_struct *p)
305 {
306 	unsigned long bp, sp, ip;
307 	unsigned long stack_page;
308 	int count = 0;
309 	if (!p || p == current || p->state == TASK_RUNNING)
310 		return 0;
311 	stack_page = (unsigned long)task_stack_page(p);
312 	sp = p->thread.sp;
313 	if (!stack_page || sp < stack_page || sp > top_esp+stack_page)
314 		return 0;
315 	/* include/asm-i386/system.h:switch_to() pushes bp last. */
316 	bp = *(unsigned long *) sp;
317 	do {
318 		if (bp < stack_page || bp > top_ebp+stack_page)
319 			return 0;
320 		ip = *(unsigned long *) (bp+4);
321 		if (!in_sched_functions(ip))
322 			return ip;
323 		bp = *(unsigned long *) bp;
324 	} while (count++ < 16);
325 	return 0;
326 }
327 
328