xref: /linux/arch/x86/kernel/paravirt.c (revision 3932b9ca55b0be314a36d3e84faff3e823c081f5)
1 /*  Paravirtualization interfaces
2     Copyright (C) 2006 Rusty Russell IBM Corporation
3 
4     This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
5     it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
6     the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
7     (at your option) any later version.
8 
9     This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
10     but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
11     MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
12     GNU General Public License for more details.
13 
14     You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
15     along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
16     Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301  USA
17 
18     2007 - x86_64 support added by Glauber de Oliveira Costa, Red Hat Inc
19 */
20 
21 #include <linux/errno.h>
22 #include <linux/module.h>
23 #include <linux/efi.h>
24 #include <linux/bcd.h>
25 #include <linux/highmem.h>
26 #include <linux/kprobes.h>
27 
28 #include <asm/bug.h>
29 #include <asm/paravirt.h>
30 #include <asm/debugreg.h>
31 #include <asm/desc.h>
32 #include <asm/setup.h>
33 #include <asm/pgtable.h>
34 #include <asm/time.h>
35 #include <asm/pgalloc.h>
36 #include <asm/irq.h>
37 #include <asm/delay.h>
38 #include <asm/fixmap.h>
39 #include <asm/apic.h>
40 #include <asm/tlbflush.h>
41 #include <asm/timer.h>
42 #include <asm/special_insns.h>
43 
44 /* nop stub */
45 void _paravirt_nop(void)
46 {
47 }
48 
49 /* identity function, which can be inlined */
50 u32 _paravirt_ident_32(u32 x)
51 {
52 	return x;
53 }
54 
55 u64 _paravirt_ident_64(u64 x)
56 {
57 	return x;
58 }
59 
60 void __init default_banner(void)
61 {
62 	printk(KERN_INFO "Booting paravirtualized kernel on %s\n",
63 	       pv_info.name);
64 }
65 
66 /* Undefined instruction for dealing with missing ops pointers. */
67 static const unsigned char ud2a[] = { 0x0f, 0x0b };
68 
69 unsigned paravirt_patch_nop(void)
70 {
71 	return 0;
72 }
73 
74 unsigned paravirt_patch_ignore(unsigned len)
75 {
76 	return len;
77 }
78 
79 struct branch {
80 	unsigned char opcode;
81 	u32 delta;
82 } __attribute__((packed));
83 
84 unsigned paravirt_patch_call(void *insnbuf,
85 			     const void *target, u16 tgt_clobbers,
86 			     unsigned long addr, u16 site_clobbers,
87 			     unsigned len)
88 {
89 	struct branch *b = insnbuf;
90 	unsigned long delta = (unsigned long)target - (addr+5);
91 
92 	if (tgt_clobbers & ~site_clobbers)
93 		return len;	/* target would clobber too much for this site */
94 	if (len < 5)
95 		return len;	/* call too long for patch site */
96 
97 	b->opcode = 0xe8; /* call */
98 	b->delta = delta;
99 	BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof(*b) != 5);
100 
101 	return 5;
102 }
103 
104 unsigned paravirt_patch_jmp(void *insnbuf, const void *target,
105 			    unsigned long addr, unsigned len)
106 {
107 	struct branch *b = insnbuf;
108 	unsigned long delta = (unsigned long)target - (addr+5);
109 
110 	if (len < 5)
111 		return len;	/* call too long for patch site */
112 
113 	b->opcode = 0xe9;	/* jmp */
114 	b->delta = delta;
115 
116 	return 5;
117 }
118 
119 /* Neat trick to map patch type back to the call within the
120  * corresponding structure. */
121 static void *get_call_destination(u8 type)
122 {
123 	struct paravirt_patch_template tmpl = {
124 		.pv_init_ops = pv_init_ops,
125 		.pv_time_ops = pv_time_ops,
126 		.pv_cpu_ops = pv_cpu_ops,
127 		.pv_irq_ops = pv_irq_ops,
128 		.pv_apic_ops = pv_apic_ops,
129 		.pv_mmu_ops = pv_mmu_ops,
130 #ifdef CONFIG_PARAVIRT_SPINLOCKS
131 		.pv_lock_ops = pv_lock_ops,
132 #endif
133 	};
134 	return *((void **)&tmpl + type);
135 }
136 
137 unsigned paravirt_patch_default(u8 type, u16 clobbers, void *insnbuf,
138 				unsigned long addr, unsigned len)
139 {
140 	void *opfunc = get_call_destination(type);
141 	unsigned ret;
142 
143 	if (opfunc == NULL)
144 		/* If there's no function, patch it with a ud2a (BUG) */
145 		ret = paravirt_patch_insns(insnbuf, len, ud2a, ud2a+sizeof(ud2a));
146 	else if (opfunc == _paravirt_nop)
147 		/* If the operation is a nop, then nop the callsite */
148 		ret = paravirt_patch_nop();
149 
150 	/* identity functions just return their single argument */
151 	else if (opfunc == _paravirt_ident_32)
152 		ret = paravirt_patch_ident_32(insnbuf, len);
153 	else if (opfunc == _paravirt_ident_64)
154 		ret = paravirt_patch_ident_64(insnbuf, len);
155 
156 	else if (type == PARAVIRT_PATCH(pv_cpu_ops.iret) ||
157 		 type == PARAVIRT_PATCH(pv_cpu_ops.irq_enable_sysexit) ||
158 		 type == PARAVIRT_PATCH(pv_cpu_ops.usergs_sysret32) ||
159 		 type == PARAVIRT_PATCH(pv_cpu_ops.usergs_sysret64))
160 		/* If operation requires a jmp, then jmp */
161 		ret = paravirt_patch_jmp(insnbuf, opfunc, addr, len);
162 	else
163 		/* Otherwise call the function; assume target could
164 		   clobber any caller-save reg */
165 		ret = paravirt_patch_call(insnbuf, opfunc, CLBR_ANY,
166 					  addr, clobbers, len);
167 
168 	return ret;
169 }
170 
171 unsigned paravirt_patch_insns(void *insnbuf, unsigned len,
172 			      const char *start, const char *end)
173 {
174 	unsigned insn_len = end - start;
175 
176 	if (insn_len > len || start == NULL)
177 		insn_len = len;
178 	else
179 		memcpy(insnbuf, start, insn_len);
180 
181 	return insn_len;
182 }
183 
184 static void native_flush_tlb(void)
185 {
186 	__native_flush_tlb();
187 }
188 
189 /*
190  * Global pages have to be flushed a bit differently. Not a real
191  * performance problem because this does not happen often.
192  */
193 static void native_flush_tlb_global(void)
194 {
195 	__native_flush_tlb_global();
196 }
197 
198 static void native_flush_tlb_single(unsigned long addr)
199 {
200 	__native_flush_tlb_single(addr);
201 }
202 
203 struct static_key paravirt_steal_enabled;
204 struct static_key paravirt_steal_rq_enabled;
205 
206 static u64 native_steal_clock(int cpu)
207 {
208 	return 0;
209 }
210 
211 /* These are in entry.S */
212 extern void native_iret(void);
213 extern void native_irq_enable_sysexit(void);
214 extern void native_usergs_sysret32(void);
215 extern void native_usergs_sysret64(void);
216 
217 static struct resource reserve_ioports = {
218 	.start = 0,
219 	.end = IO_SPACE_LIMIT,
220 	.name = "paravirt-ioport",
221 	.flags = IORESOURCE_IO | IORESOURCE_BUSY,
222 };
223 
224 /*
225  * Reserve the whole legacy IO space to prevent any legacy drivers
226  * from wasting time probing for their hardware.  This is a fairly
227  * brute-force approach to disabling all non-virtual drivers.
228  *
229  * Note that this must be called very early to have any effect.
230  */
231 int paravirt_disable_iospace(void)
232 {
233 	return request_resource(&ioport_resource, &reserve_ioports);
234 }
235 
236 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(enum paravirt_lazy_mode, paravirt_lazy_mode) = PARAVIRT_LAZY_NONE;
237 
238 static inline void enter_lazy(enum paravirt_lazy_mode mode)
239 {
240 	BUG_ON(this_cpu_read(paravirt_lazy_mode) != PARAVIRT_LAZY_NONE);
241 
242 	this_cpu_write(paravirt_lazy_mode, mode);
243 }
244 
245 static void leave_lazy(enum paravirt_lazy_mode mode)
246 {
247 	BUG_ON(this_cpu_read(paravirt_lazy_mode) != mode);
248 
249 	this_cpu_write(paravirt_lazy_mode, PARAVIRT_LAZY_NONE);
250 }
251 
252 void paravirt_enter_lazy_mmu(void)
253 {
254 	enter_lazy(PARAVIRT_LAZY_MMU);
255 }
256 
257 void paravirt_leave_lazy_mmu(void)
258 {
259 	leave_lazy(PARAVIRT_LAZY_MMU);
260 }
261 
262 void paravirt_flush_lazy_mmu(void)
263 {
264 	preempt_disable();
265 
266 	if (paravirt_get_lazy_mode() == PARAVIRT_LAZY_MMU) {
267 		arch_leave_lazy_mmu_mode();
268 		arch_enter_lazy_mmu_mode();
269 	}
270 
271 	preempt_enable();
272 }
273 
274 void paravirt_start_context_switch(struct task_struct *prev)
275 {
276 	BUG_ON(preemptible());
277 
278 	if (this_cpu_read(paravirt_lazy_mode) == PARAVIRT_LAZY_MMU) {
279 		arch_leave_lazy_mmu_mode();
280 		set_ti_thread_flag(task_thread_info(prev), TIF_LAZY_MMU_UPDATES);
281 	}
282 	enter_lazy(PARAVIRT_LAZY_CPU);
283 }
284 
285 void paravirt_end_context_switch(struct task_struct *next)
286 {
287 	BUG_ON(preemptible());
288 
289 	leave_lazy(PARAVIRT_LAZY_CPU);
290 
291 	if (test_and_clear_ti_thread_flag(task_thread_info(next), TIF_LAZY_MMU_UPDATES))
292 		arch_enter_lazy_mmu_mode();
293 }
294 
295 enum paravirt_lazy_mode paravirt_get_lazy_mode(void)
296 {
297 	if (in_interrupt())
298 		return PARAVIRT_LAZY_NONE;
299 
300 	return this_cpu_read(paravirt_lazy_mode);
301 }
302 
303 struct pv_info pv_info = {
304 	.name = "bare hardware",
305 	.paravirt_enabled = 0,
306 	.kernel_rpl = 0,
307 	.shared_kernel_pmd = 1,	/* Only used when CONFIG_X86_PAE is set */
308 
309 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
310 	.extra_user_64bit_cs = __USER_CS,
311 #endif
312 };
313 
314 struct pv_init_ops pv_init_ops = {
315 	.patch = native_patch,
316 };
317 
318 struct pv_time_ops pv_time_ops = {
319 	.sched_clock = native_sched_clock,
320 	.steal_clock = native_steal_clock,
321 };
322 
323 __visible struct pv_irq_ops pv_irq_ops = {
324 	.save_fl = __PV_IS_CALLEE_SAVE(native_save_fl),
325 	.restore_fl = __PV_IS_CALLEE_SAVE(native_restore_fl),
326 	.irq_disable = __PV_IS_CALLEE_SAVE(native_irq_disable),
327 	.irq_enable = __PV_IS_CALLEE_SAVE(native_irq_enable),
328 	.safe_halt = native_safe_halt,
329 	.halt = native_halt,
330 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
331 	.adjust_exception_frame = paravirt_nop,
332 #endif
333 };
334 
335 __visible struct pv_cpu_ops pv_cpu_ops = {
336 	.cpuid = native_cpuid,
337 	.get_debugreg = native_get_debugreg,
338 	.set_debugreg = native_set_debugreg,
339 	.clts = native_clts,
340 	.read_cr0 = native_read_cr0,
341 	.write_cr0 = native_write_cr0,
342 	.read_cr4 = native_read_cr4,
343 	.read_cr4_safe = native_read_cr4_safe,
344 	.write_cr4 = native_write_cr4,
345 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
346 	.read_cr8 = native_read_cr8,
347 	.write_cr8 = native_write_cr8,
348 #endif
349 	.wbinvd = native_wbinvd,
350 	.read_msr = native_read_msr_safe,
351 	.write_msr = native_write_msr_safe,
352 	.read_tsc = native_read_tsc,
353 	.read_pmc = native_read_pmc,
354 	.read_tscp = native_read_tscp,
355 	.load_tr_desc = native_load_tr_desc,
356 	.set_ldt = native_set_ldt,
357 	.load_gdt = native_load_gdt,
358 	.load_idt = native_load_idt,
359 	.store_idt = native_store_idt,
360 	.store_tr = native_store_tr,
361 	.load_tls = native_load_tls,
362 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
363 	.load_gs_index = native_load_gs_index,
364 #endif
365 	.write_ldt_entry = native_write_ldt_entry,
366 	.write_gdt_entry = native_write_gdt_entry,
367 	.write_idt_entry = native_write_idt_entry,
368 
369 	.alloc_ldt = paravirt_nop,
370 	.free_ldt = paravirt_nop,
371 
372 	.load_sp0 = native_load_sp0,
373 
374 #if defined(CONFIG_X86_32) || defined(CONFIG_IA32_EMULATION)
375 	.irq_enable_sysexit = native_irq_enable_sysexit,
376 #endif
377 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
378 #ifdef CONFIG_IA32_EMULATION
379 	.usergs_sysret32 = native_usergs_sysret32,
380 #endif
381 	.usergs_sysret64 = native_usergs_sysret64,
382 #endif
383 	.iret = native_iret,
384 	.swapgs = native_swapgs,
385 
386 	.set_iopl_mask = native_set_iopl_mask,
387 	.io_delay = native_io_delay,
388 
389 	.start_context_switch = paravirt_nop,
390 	.end_context_switch = paravirt_nop,
391 };
392 
393 /* At this point, native_get/set_debugreg has real function entries */
394 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(native_get_debugreg);
395 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(native_set_debugreg);
396 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(native_load_idt);
397 
398 struct pv_apic_ops pv_apic_ops = {
399 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_LOCAL_APIC
400 	.startup_ipi_hook = paravirt_nop,
401 #endif
402 };
403 
404 #if defined(CONFIG_X86_32) && !defined(CONFIG_X86_PAE)
405 /* 32-bit pagetable entries */
406 #define PTE_IDENT	__PV_IS_CALLEE_SAVE(_paravirt_ident_32)
407 #else
408 /* 64-bit pagetable entries */
409 #define PTE_IDENT	__PV_IS_CALLEE_SAVE(_paravirt_ident_64)
410 #endif
411 
412 struct pv_mmu_ops pv_mmu_ops = {
413 
414 	.read_cr2 = native_read_cr2,
415 	.write_cr2 = native_write_cr2,
416 	.read_cr3 = native_read_cr3,
417 	.write_cr3 = native_write_cr3,
418 
419 	.flush_tlb_user = native_flush_tlb,
420 	.flush_tlb_kernel = native_flush_tlb_global,
421 	.flush_tlb_single = native_flush_tlb_single,
422 	.flush_tlb_others = native_flush_tlb_others,
423 
424 	.pgd_alloc = __paravirt_pgd_alloc,
425 	.pgd_free = paravirt_nop,
426 
427 	.alloc_pte = paravirt_nop,
428 	.alloc_pmd = paravirt_nop,
429 	.alloc_pud = paravirt_nop,
430 	.release_pte = paravirt_nop,
431 	.release_pmd = paravirt_nop,
432 	.release_pud = paravirt_nop,
433 
434 	.set_pte = native_set_pte,
435 	.set_pte_at = native_set_pte_at,
436 	.set_pmd = native_set_pmd,
437 	.set_pmd_at = native_set_pmd_at,
438 	.pte_update = paravirt_nop,
439 	.pte_update_defer = paravirt_nop,
440 	.pmd_update = paravirt_nop,
441 	.pmd_update_defer = paravirt_nop,
442 
443 	.ptep_modify_prot_start = __ptep_modify_prot_start,
444 	.ptep_modify_prot_commit = __ptep_modify_prot_commit,
445 
446 #if PAGETABLE_LEVELS >= 3
447 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_PAE
448 	.set_pte_atomic = native_set_pte_atomic,
449 	.pte_clear = native_pte_clear,
450 	.pmd_clear = native_pmd_clear,
451 #endif
452 	.set_pud = native_set_pud,
453 
454 	.pmd_val = PTE_IDENT,
455 	.make_pmd = PTE_IDENT,
456 
457 #if PAGETABLE_LEVELS == 4
458 	.pud_val = PTE_IDENT,
459 	.make_pud = PTE_IDENT,
460 
461 	.set_pgd = native_set_pgd,
462 #endif
463 #endif /* PAGETABLE_LEVELS >= 3 */
464 
465 	.pte_val = PTE_IDENT,
466 	.pgd_val = PTE_IDENT,
467 
468 	.make_pte = PTE_IDENT,
469 	.make_pgd = PTE_IDENT,
470 
471 	.dup_mmap = paravirt_nop,
472 	.exit_mmap = paravirt_nop,
473 	.activate_mm = paravirt_nop,
474 
475 	.lazy_mode = {
476 		.enter = paravirt_nop,
477 		.leave = paravirt_nop,
478 		.flush = paravirt_nop,
479 	},
480 
481 	.set_fixmap = native_set_fixmap,
482 };
483 
484 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(pv_time_ops);
485 EXPORT_SYMBOL    (pv_cpu_ops);
486 EXPORT_SYMBOL    (pv_mmu_ops);
487 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(pv_apic_ops);
488 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(pv_info);
489 EXPORT_SYMBOL    (pv_irq_ops);
490