xref: /linux/arch/x86/kernel/i8259.c (revision 24168c5e6dfbdd5b414f048f47f75d64533296ca)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
2 #include <linux/linkage.h>
3 #include <linux/errno.h>
4 #include <linux/signal.h>
5 #include <linux/sched.h>
6 #include <linux/ioport.h>
7 #include <linux/interrupt.h>
8 #include <linux/irq.h>
9 #include <linux/timex.h>
10 #include <linux/random.h>
11 #include <linux/init.h>
12 #include <linux/kernel_stat.h>
13 #include <linux/syscore_ops.h>
14 #include <linux/bitops.h>
15 #include <linux/acpi.h>
16 #include <linux/io.h>
17 #include <linux/delay.h>
18 #include <linux/pgtable.h>
19 
20 #include <linux/atomic.h>
21 #include <asm/timer.h>
22 #include <asm/hw_irq.h>
23 #include <asm/desc.h>
24 #include <asm/apic.h>
25 #include <asm/i8259.h>
26 
27 /*
28  * This is the 'legacy' 8259A Programmable Interrupt Controller,
29  * present in the majority of PC/AT boxes.
30  * plus some generic x86 specific things if generic specifics makes
31  * any sense at all.
32  */
33 static void init_8259A(int auto_eoi);
34 
35 static bool pcat_compat __ro_after_init;
36 static int i8259A_auto_eoi;
37 DEFINE_RAW_SPINLOCK(i8259A_lock);
38 
39 /*
40  * 8259A PIC functions to handle ISA devices:
41  */
42 
43 /*
44  * This contains the irq mask for both 8259A irq controllers,
45  */
46 unsigned int cached_irq_mask = 0xffff;
47 
48 /*
49  * Not all IRQs can be routed through the IO-APIC, eg. on certain (older)
50  * boards the timer interrupt is not really connected to any IO-APIC pin,
51  * it's fed to the master 8259A's IR0 line only.
52  *
53  * Any '1' bit in this mask means the IRQ is routed through the IO-APIC.
54  * this 'mixed mode' IRQ handling costs nothing because it's only used
55  * at IRQ setup time.
56  */
57 unsigned long io_apic_irqs;
58 
59 static void mask_8259A_irq(unsigned int irq)
60 {
61 	unsigned int mask = 1 << irq;
62 	unsigned long flags;
63 
64 	raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&i8259A_lock, flags);
65 	cached_irq_mask |= mask;
66 	if (irq & 8)
67 		outb(cached_slave_mask, PIC_SLAVE_IMR);
68 	else
69 		outb(cached_master_mask, PIC_MASTER_IMR);
70 	raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&i8259A_lock, flags);
71 }
72 
73 static void disable_8259A_irq(struct irq_data *data)
74 {
75 	mask_8259A_irq(data->irq);
76 }
77 
78 static void unmask_8259A_irq(unsigned int irq)
79 {
80 	unsigned int mask = ~(1 << irq);
81 	unsigned long flags;
82 
83 	raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&i8259A_lock, flags);
84 	cached_irq_mask &= mask;
85 	if (irq & 8)
86 		outb(cached_slave_mask, PIC_SLAVE_IMR);
87 	else
88 		outb(cached_master_mask, PIC_MASTER_IMR);
89 	raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&i8259A_lock, flags);
90 }
91 
92 static void enable_8259A_irq(struct irq_data *data)
93 {
94 	unmask_8259A_irq(data->irq);
95 }
96 
97 static int i8259A_irq_pending(unsigned int irq)
98 {
99 	unsigned int mask = 1<<irq;
100 	unsigned long flags;
101 	int ret;
102 
103 	raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&i8259A_lock, flags);
104 	if (irq < 8)
105 		ret = inb(PIC_MASTER_CMD) & mask;
106 	else
107 		ret = inb(PIC_SLAVE_CMD) & (mask >> 8);
108 	raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&i8259A_lock, flags);
109 
110 	return ret;
111 }
112 
113 static void make_8259A_irq(unsigned int irq)
114 {
115 	disable_irq_nosync(irq);
116 	io_apic_irqs &= ~(1<<irq);
117 	irq_set_chip_and_handler(irq, &i8259A_chip, handle_level_irq);
118 	irq_set_status_flags(irq, IRQ_LEVEL);
119 	enable_irq(irq);
120 	lapic_assign_legacy_vector(irq, true);
121 }
122 
123 /*
124  * This function assumes to be called rarely. Switching between
125  * 8259A registers is slow.
126  * This has to be protected by the irq controller spinlock
127  * before being called.
128  */
129 static inline int i8259A_irq_real(unsigned int irq)
130 {
131 	int value;
132 	int irqmask = 1<<irq;
133 
134 	if (irq < 8) {
135 		outb(0x0B, PIC_MASTER_CMD);	/* ISR register */
136 		value = inb(PIC_MASTER_CMD) & irqmask;
137 		outb(0x0A, PIC_MASTER_CMD);	/* back to the IRR register */
138 		return value;
139 	}
140 	outb(0x0B, PIC_SLAVE_CMD);	/* ISR register */
141 	value = inb(PIC_SLAVE_CMD) & (irqmask >> 8);
142 	outb(0x0A, PIC_SLAVE_CMD);	/* back to the IRR register */
143 	return value;
144 }
145 
146 /*
147  * Careful! The 8259A is a fragile beast, it pretty
148  * much _has_ to be done exactly like this (mask it
149  * first, _then_ send the EOI, and the order of EOI
150  * to the two 8259s is important!
151  */
152 static void mask_and_ack_8259A(struct irq_data *data)
153 {
154 	unsigned int irq = data->irq;
155 	unsigned int irqmask = 1 << irq;
156 	unsigned long flags;
157 
158 	raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&i8259A_lock, flags);
159 	/*
160 	 * Lightweight spurious IRQ detection. We do not want
161 	 * to overdo spurious IRQ handling - it's usually a sign
162 	 * of hardware problems, so we only do the checks we can
163 	 * do without slowing down good hardware unnecessarily.
164 	 *
165 	 * Note that IRQ7 and IRQ15 (the two spurious IRQs
166 	 * usually resulting from the 8259A-1|2 PICs) occur
167 	 * even if the IRQ is masked in the 8259A. Thus we
168 	 * can check spurious 8259A IRQs without doing the
169 	 * quite slow i8259A_irq_real() call for every IRQ.
170 	 * This does not cover 100% of spurious interrupts,
171 	 * but should be enough to warn the user that there
172 	 * is something bad going on ...
173 	 */
174 	if (cached_irq_mask & irqmask)
175 		goto spurious_8259A_irq;
176 	cached_irq_mask |= irqmask;
177 
178 handle_real_irq:
179 	if (irq & 8) {
180 		inb(PIC_SLAVE_IMR);	/* DUMMY - (do we need this?) */
181 		outb(cached_slave_mask, PIC_SLAVE_IMR);
182 		/* 'Specific EOI' to slave */
183 		outb(0x60+(irq&7), PIC_SLAVE_CMD);
184 		 /* 'Specific EOI' to master-IRQ2 */
185 		outb(0x60+PIC_CASCADE_IR, PIC_MASTER_CMD);
186 	} else {
187 		inb(PIC_MASTER_IMR);	/* DUMMY - (do we need this?) */
188 		outb(cached_master_mask, PIC_MASTER_IMR);
189 		outb(0x60+irq, PIC_MASTER_CMD);	/* 'Specific EOI to master */
190 	}
191 	raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&i8259A_lock, flags);
192 	return;
193 
194 spurious_8259A_irq:
195 	/*
196 	 * this is the slow path - should happen rarely.
197 	 */
198 	if (i8259A_irq_real(irq))
199 		/*
200 		 * oops, the IRQ _is_ in service according to the
201 		 * 8259A - not spurious, go handle it.
202 		 */
203 		goto handle_real_irq;
204 
205 	{
206 		static int spurious_irq_mask;
207 		/*
208 		 * At this point we can be sure the IRQ is spurious,
209 		 * lets ACK and report it. [once per IRQ]
210 		 */
211 		if (!(spurious_irq_mask & irqmask)) {
212 			printk_deferred(KERN_DEBUG
213 			       "spurious 8259A interrupt: IRQ%d.\n", irq);
214 			spurious_irq_mask |= irqmask;
215 		}
216 		atomic_inc(&irq_err_count);
217 		/*
218 		 * Theoretically we do not have to handle this IRQ,
219 		 * but in Linux this does not cause problems and is
220 		 * simpler for us.
221 		 */
222 		goto handle_real_irq;
223 	}
224 }
225 
226 struct irq_chip i8259A_chip = {
227 	.name		= "XT-PIC",
228 	.irq_mask	= disable_8259A_irq,
229 	.irq_disable	= disable_8259A_irq,
230 	.irq_unmask	= enable_8259A_irq,
231 	.irq_mask_ack	= mask_and_ack_8259A,
232 };
233 
234 static char irq_trigger[2];
235 /* ELCR registers (0x4d0, 0x4d1) control edge/level of IRQ */
236 static void restore_ELCR(char *trigger)
237 {
238 	outb(trigger[0], PIC_ELCR1);
239 	outb(trigger[1], PIC_ELCR2);
240 }
241 
242 static void save_ELCR(char *trigger)
243 {
244 	/* IRQ 0,1,2,8,13 are marked as reserved */
245 	trigger[0] = inb(PIC_ELCR1) & 0xF8;
246 	trigger[1] = inb(PIC_ELCR2) & 0xDE;
247 }
248 
249 static void i8259A_resume(void)
250 {
251 	init_8259A(i8259A_auto_eoi);
252 	restore_ELCR(irq_trigger);
253 }
254 
255 static int i8259A_suspend(void)
256 {
257 	save_ELCR(irq_trigger);
258 	return 0;
259 }
260 
261 static void i8259A_shutdown(void)
262 {
263 	/* Put the i8259A into a quiescent state that
264 	 * the kernel initialization code can get it
265 	 * out of.
266 	 */
267 	outb(0xff, PIC_MASTER_IMR);	/* mask all of 8259A-1 */
268 	outb(0xff, PIC_SLAVE_IMR);	/* mask all of 8259A-2 */
269 }
270 
271 static struct syscore_ops i8259_syscore_ops = {
272 	.suspend = i8259A_suspend,
273 	.resume = i8259A_resume,
274 	.shutdown = i8259A_shutdown,
275 };
276 
277 static void mask_8259A(void)
278 {
279 	unsigned long flags;
280 
281 	raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&i8259A_lock, flags);
282 
283 	outb(0xff, PIC_MASTER_IMR);	/* mask all of 8259A-1 */
284 	outb(0xff, PIC_SLAVE_IMR);	/* mask all of 8259A-2 */
285 
286 	raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&i8259A_lock, flags);
287 }
288 
289 static void unmask_8259A(void)
290 {
291 	unsigned long flags;
292 
293 	raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&i8259A_lock, flags);
294 
295 	outb(cached_master_mask, PIC_MASTER_IMR); /* restore master IRQ mask */
296 	outb(cached_slave_mask, PIC_SLAVE_IMR);	  /* restore slave IRQ mask */
297 
298 	raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&i8259A_lock, flags);
299 }
300 
301 static int probe_8259A(void)
302 {
303 	unsigned char new_val, probe_val = ~(1 << PIC_CASCADE_IR);
304 	unsigned long flags;
305 
306 	/*
307 	 * If MADT has the PCAT_COMPAT flag set, then do not bother probing
308 	 * for the PIC. Some BIOSes leave the PIC uninitialized and probing
309 	 * fails.
310 	 *
311 	 * Right now this causes problems as quite some code depends on
312 	 * nr_legacy_irqs() > 0 or has_legacy_pic() == true. This is silly
313 	 * when the system has an IO/APIC because then PIC is not required
314 	 * at all, except for really old machines where the timer interrupt
315 	 * must be routed through the PIC. So just pretend that the PIC is
316 	 * there and let legacy_pic->init() initialize it for nothing.
317 	 *
318 	 * Alternatively this could just try to initialize the PIC and
319 	 * repeat the probe, but for cases where there is no PIC that's
320 	 * just pointless.
321 	 */
322 	if (pcat_compat)
323 		return nr_legacy_irqs();
324 
325 	/*
326 	 * Check to see if we have a PIC.  Mask all except the cascade and
327 	 * read back the value we just wrote. If we don't have a PIC, we
328 	 * will read 0xff as opposed to the value we wrote.
329 	 */
330 	raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&i8259A_lock, flags);
331 
332 	outb(0xff, PIC_SLAVE_IMR);	/* mask all of 8259A-2 */
333 	outb(probe_val, PIC_MASTER_IMR);
334 	new_val = inb(PIC_MASTER_IMR);
335 	if (new_val != probe_val) {
336 		printk(KERN_INFO "Using NULL legacy PIC\n");
337 		legacy_pic = &null_legacy_pic;
338 	}
339 
340 	raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&i8259A_lock, flags);
341 	return nr_legacy_irqs();
342 }
343 
344 static void init_8259A(int auto_eoi)
345 {
346 	unsigned long flags;
347 
348 	i8259A_auto_eoi = auto_eoi;
349 
350 	raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&i8259A_lock, flags);
351 
352 	outb(0xff, PIC_MASTER_IMR);	/* mask all of 8259A-1 */
353 
354 	/*
355 	 * outb_pic - this has to work on a wide range of PC hardware.
356 	 */
357 	outb_pic(0x11, PIC_MASTER_CMD);	/* ICW1: select 8259A-1 init */
358 
359 	/* ICW2: 8259A-1 IR0-7 mapped to ISA_IRQ_VECTOR(0) */
360 	outb_pic(ISA_IRQ_VECTOR(0), PIC_MASTER_IMR);
361 
362 	/* 8259A-1 (the master) has a slave on IR2 */
363 	outb_pic(1U << PIC_CASCADE_IR, PIC_MASTER_IMR);
364 
365 	if (auto_eoi)	/* master does Auto EOI */
366 		outb_pic(MASTER_ICW4_DEFAULT | PIC_ICW4_AEOI, PIC_MASTER_IMR);
367 	else		/* master expects normal EOI */
368 		outb_pic(MASTER_ICW4_DEFAULT, PIC_MASTER_IMR);
369 
370 	outb_pic(0x11, PIC_SLAVE_CMD);	/* ICW1: select 8259A-2 init */
371 
372 	/* ICW2: 8259A-2 IR0-7 mapped to ISA_IRQ_VECTOR(8) */
373 	outb_pic(ISA_IRQ_VECTOR(8), PIC_SLAVE_IMR);
374 	/* 8259A-2 is a slave on master's IR2 */
375 	outb_pic(PIC_CASCADE_IR, PIC_SLAVE_IMR);
376 	/* (slave's support for AEOI in flat mode is to be investigated) */
377 	outb_pic(SLAVE_ICW4_DEFAULT, PIC_SLAVE_IMR);
378 
379 	if (auto_eoi)
380 		/*
381 		 * In AEOI mode we just have to mask the interrupt
382 		 * when acking.
383 		 */
384 		i8259A_chip.irq_mask_ack = disable_8259A_irq;
385 	else
386 		i8259A_chip.irq_mask_ack = mask_and_ack_8259A;
387 
388 	udelay(100);		/* wait for 8259A to initialize */
389 
390 	outb(cached_master_mask, PIC_MASTER_IMR); /* restore master IRQ mask */
391 	outb(cached_slave_mask, PIC_SLAVE_IMR);	  /* restore slave IRQ mask */
392 
393 	raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&i8259A_lock, flags);
394 }
395 
396 /*
397  * make i8259 a driver so that we can select pic functions at run time. the goal
398  * is to make x86 binary compatible among pc compatible and non-pc compatible
399  * platforms, such as x86 MID.
400  */
401 
402 static void legacy_pic_noop(void) { };
403 static void legacy_pic_uint_noop(unsigned int unused) { };
404 static void legacy_pic_int_noop(int unused) { };
405 static int legacy_pic_irq_pending_noop(unsigned int irq)
406 {
407 	return 0;
408 }
409 static int legacy_pic_probe(void)
410 {
411 	return 0;
412 }
413 
414 struct legacy_pic null_legacy_pic = {
415 	.nr_legacy_irqs = 0,
416 	.chip = &dummy_irq_chip,
417 	.mask = legacy_pic_uint_noop,
418 	.unmask = legacy_pic_uint_noop,
419 	.mask_all = legacy_pic_noop,
420 	.restore_mask = legacy_pic_noop,
421 	.init = legacy_pic_int_noop,
422 	.probe = legacy_pic_probe,
423 	.irq_pending = legacy_pic_irq_pending_noop,
424 	.make_irq = legacy_pic_uint_noop,
425 };
426 
427 static struct legacy_pic default_legacy_pic = {
428 	.nr_legacy_irqs = NR_IRQS_LEGACY,
429 	.chip  = &i8259A_chip,
430 	.mask = mask_8259A_irq,
431 	.unmask = unmask_8259A_irq,
432 	.mask_all = mask_8259A,
433 	.restore_mask = unmask_8259A,
434 	.init = init_8259A,
435 	.probe = probe_8259A,
436 	.irq_pending = i8259A_irq_pending,
437 	.make_irq = make_8259A_irq,
438 };
439 
440 struct legacy_pic *legacy_pic = &default_legacy_pic;
441 EXPORT_SYMBOL(legacy_pic);
442 
443 static int __init i8259A_init_ops(void)
444 {
445 	if (legacy_pic == &default_legacy_pic)
446 		register_syscore_ops(&i8259_syscore_ops);
447 
448 	return 0;
449 }
450 device_initcall(i8259A_init_ops);
451 
452 void __init legacy_pic_pcat_compat(void)
453 {
454 	pcat_compat = true;
455 }
456