xref: /linux/arch/x86/kernel/e820.c (revision d39d0ed196aa1685bb24771e92f78633c66ac9cb)
1 /*
2  * Handle the memory map.
3  * The functions here do the job until bootmem takes over.
4  *
5  *  Getting sanitize_e820_map() in sync with i386 version by applying change:
6  *  -  Provisions for empty E820 memory regions (reported by certain BIOSes).
7  *     Alex Achenbach <xela@slit.de>, December 2002.
8  *  Venkatesh Pallipadi <venkatesh.pallipadi@intel.com>
9  *
10  */
11 #include <linux/kernel.h>
12 #include <linux/types.h>
13 #include <linux/init.h>
14 #include <linux/bootmem.h>
15 #include <linux/pfn.h>
16 #include <linux/suspend.h>
17 #include <linux/firmware-map.h>
18 
19 #include <asm/e820.h>
20 #include <asm/proto.h>
21 #include <asm/setup.h>
22 
23 /*
24  * The e820 map is the map that gets modified e.g. with command line parameters
25  * and that is also registered with modifications in the kernel resource tree
26  * with the iomem_resource as parent.
27  *
28  * The e820_saved is directly saved after the BIOS-provided memory map is
29  * copied. It doesn't get modified afterwards. It's registered for the
30  * /sys/firmware/memmap interface.
31  *
32  * That memory map is not modified and is used as base for kexec. The kexec'd
33  * kernel should get the same memory map as the firmware provides. Then the
34  * user can e.g. boot the original kernel with mem=1G while still booting the
35  * next kernel with full memory.
36  */
37 struct e820map e820;
38 struct e820map e820_saved;
39 
40 /* For PCI or other memory-mapped resources */
41 unsigned long pci_mem_start = 0xaeedbabe;
42 #ifdef CONFIG_PCI
43 EXPORT_SYMBOL(pci_mem_start);
44 #endif
45 
46 /*
47  * This function checks if any part of the range <start,end> is mapped
48  * with type.
49  */
50 int
51 e820_any_mapped(u64 start, u64 end, unsigned type)
52 {
53 	int i;
54 
55 	for (i = 0; i < e820.nr_map; i++) {
56 		struct e820entry *ei = &e820.map[i];
57 
58 		if (type && ei->type != type)
59 			continue;
60 		if (ei->addr >= end || ei->addr + ei->size <= start)
61 			continue;
62 		return 1;
63 	}
64 	return 0;
65 }
66 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(e820_any_mapped);
67 
68 /*
69  * This function checks if the entire range <start,end> is mapped with type.
70  *
71  * Note: this function only works correct if the e820 table is sorted and
72  * not-overlapping, which is the case
73  */
74 int __init e820_all_mapped(u64 start, u64 end, unsigned type)
75 {
76 	int i;
77 
78 	for (i = 0; i < e820.nr_map; i++) {
79 		struct e820entry *ei = &e820.map[i];
80 
81 		if (type && ei->type != type)
82 			continue;
83 		/* is the region (part) in overlap with the current region ?*/
84 		if (ei->addr >= end || ei->addr + ei->size <= start)
85 			continue;
86 
87 		/* if the region is at the beginning of <start,end> we move
88 		 * start to the end of the region since it's ok until there
89 		 */
90 		if (ei->addr <= start)
91 			start = ei->addr + ei->size;
92 		/*
93 		 * if start is now at or beyond end, we're done, full
94 		 * coverage
95 		 */
96 		if (start >= end)
97 			return 1;
98 	}
99 	return 0;
100 }
101 
102 /*
103  * Add a memory region to the kernel e820 map.
104  */
105 static void __init __e820_add_region(struct e820map *e820x, u64 start, u64 size,
106 					 int type)
107 {
108 	int x = e820x->nr_map;
109 
110 	if (x >= ARRAY_SIZE(e820x->map)) {
111 		printk(KERN_ERR "Ooops! Too many entries in the memory map!\n");
112 		return;
113 	}
114 
115 	e820x->map[x].addr = start;
116 	e820x->map[x].size = size;
117 	e820x->map[x].type = type;
118 	e820x->nr_map++;
119 }
120 
121 void __init e820_add_region(u64 start, u64 size, int type)
122 {
123 	__e820_add_region(&e820, start, size, type);
124 }
125 
126 static void __init e820_print_type(u32 type)
127 {
128 	switch (type) {
129 	case E820_RAM:
130 	case E820_RESERVED_KERN:
131 		printk(KERN_CONT "(usable)");
132 		break;
133 	case E820_RESERVED:
134 		printk(KERN_CONT "(reserved)");
135 		break;
136 	case E820_ACPI:
137 		printk(KERN_CONT "(ACPI data)");
138 		break;
139 	case E820_NVS:
140 		printk(KERN_CONT "(ACPI NVS)");
141 		break;
142 	case E820_UNUSABLE:
143 		printk(KERN_CONT "(unusable)");
144 		break;
145 	default:
146 		printk(KERN_CONT "type %u", type);
147 		break;
148 	}
149 }
150 
151 void __init e820_print_map(char *who)
152 {
153 	int i;
154 
155 	for (i = 0; i < e820.nr_map; i++) {
156 		printk(KERN_INFO " %s: %016Lx - %016Lx ", who,
157 		       (unsigned long long) e820.map[i].addr,
158 		       (unsigned long long)
159 		       (e820.map[i].addr + e820.map[i].size));
160 		e820_print_type(e820.map[i].type);
161 		printk(KERN_CONT "\n");
162 	}
163 }
164 
165 /*
166  * Sanitize the BIOS e820 map.
167  *
168  * Some e820 responses include overlapping entries. The following
169  * replaces the original e820 map with a new one, removing overlaps,
170  * and resolving conflicting memory types in favor of highest
171  * numbered type.
172  *
173  * The input parameter biosmap points to an array of 'struct
174  * e820entry' which on entry has elements in the range [0, *pnr_map)
175  * valid, and which has space for up to max_nr_map entries.
176  * On return, the resulting sanitized e820 map entries will be in
177  * overwritten in the same location, starting at biosmap.
178  *
179  * The integer pointed to by pnr_map must be valid on entry (the
180  * current number of valid entries located at biosmap) and will
181  * be updated on return, with the new number of valid entries
182  * (something no more than max_nr_map.)
183  *
184  * The return value from sanitize_e820_map() is zero if it
185  * successfully 'sanitized' the map entries passed in, and is -1
186  * if it did nothing, which can happen if either of (1) it was
187  * only passed one map entry, or (2) any of the input map entries
188  * were invalid (start + size < start, meaning that the size was
189  * so big the described memory range wrapped around through zero.)
190  *
191  *	Visually we're performing the following
192  *	(1,2,3,4 = memory types)...
193  *
194  *	Sample memory map (w/overlaps):
195  *	   ____22__________________
196  *	   ______________________4_
197  *	   ____1111________________
198  *	   _44_____________________
199  *	   11111111________________
200  *	   ____________________33__
201  *	   ___________44___________
202  *	   __________33333_________
203  *	   ______________22________
204  *	   ___________________2222_
205  *	   _________111111111______
206  *	   _____________________11_
207  *	   _________________4______
208  *
209  *	Sanitized equivalent (no overlap):
210  *	   1_______________________
211  *	   _44_____________________
212  *	   ___1____________________
213  *	   ____22__________________
214  *	   ______11________________
215  *	   _________1______________
216  *	   __________3_____________
217  *	   ___________44___________
218  *	   _____________33_________
219  *	   _______________2________
220  *	   ________________1_______
221  *	   _________________4______
222  *	   ___________________2____
223  *	   ____________________33__
224  *	   ______________________4_
225  */
226 
227 int __init sanitize_e820_map(struct e820entry *biosmap, int max_nr_map,
228 			     u32 *pnr_map)
229 {
230 	struct change_member {
231 		struct e820entry *pbios; /* pointer to original bios entry */
232 		unsigned long long addr; /* address for this change point */
233 	};
234 	static struct change_member change_point_list[2*E820_X_MAX] __initdata;
235 	static struct change_member *change_point[2*E820_X_MAX] __initdata;
236 	static struct e820entry *overlap_list[E820_X_MAX] __initdata;
237 	static struct e820entry new_bios[E820_X_MAX] __initdata;
238 	struct change_member *change_tmp;
239 	unsigned long current_type, last_type;
240 	unsigned long long last_addr;
241 	int chgidx, still_changing;
242 	int overlap_entries;
243 	int new_bios_entry;
244 	int old_nr, new_nr, chg_nr;
245 	int i;
246 
247 	/* if there's only one memory region, don't bother */
248 	if (*pnr_map < 2)
249 		return -1;
250 
251 	old_nr = *pnr_map;
252 	BUG_ON(old_nr > max_nr_map);
253 
254 	/* bail out if we find any unreasonable addresses in bios map */
255 	for (i = 0; i < old_nr; i++)
256 		if (biosmap[i].addr + biosmap[i].size < biosmap[i].addr)
257 			return -1;
258 
259 	/* create pointers for initial change-point information (for sorting) */
260 	for (i = 0; i < 2 * old_nr; i++)
261 		change_point[i] = &change_point_list[i];
262 
263 	/* record all known change-points (starting and ending addresses),
264 	   omitting those that are for empty memory regions */
265 	chgidx = 0;
266 	for (i = 0; i < old_nr; i++)	{
267 		if (biosmap[i].size != 0) {
268 			change_point[chgidx]->addr = biosmap[i].addr;
269 			change_point[chgidx++]->pbios = &biosmap[i];
270 			change_point[chgidx]->addr = biosmap[i].addr +
271 				biosmap[i].size;
272 			change_point[chgidx++]->pbios = &biosmap[i];
273 		}
274 	}
275 	chg_nr = chgidx;
276 
277 	/* sort change-point list by memory addresses (low -> high) */
278 	still_changing = 1;
279 	while (still_changing)	{
280 		still_changing = 0;
281 		for (i = 1; i < chg_nr; i++)  {
282 			unsigned long long curaddr, lastaddr;
283 			unsigned long long curpbaddr, lastpbaddr;
284 
285 			curaddr = change_point[i]->addr;
286 			lastaddr = change_point[i - 1]->addr;
287 			curpbaddr = change_point[i]->pbios->addr;
288 			lastpbaddr = change_point[i - 1]->pbios->addr;
289 
290 			/*
291 			 * swap entries, when:
292 			 *
293 			 * curaddr > lastaddr or
294 			 * curaddr == lastaddr and curaddr == curpbaddr and
295 			 * lastaddr != lastpbaddr
296 			 */
297 			if (curaddr < lastaddr ||
298 			    (curaddr == lastaddr && curaddr == curpbaddr &&
299 			     lastaddr != lastpbaddr)) {
300 				change_tmp = change_point[i];
301 				change_point[i] = change_point[i-1];
302 				change_point[i-1] = change_tmp;
303 				still_changing = 1;
304 			}
305 		}
306 	}
307 
308 	/* create a new bios memory map, removing overlaps */
309 	overlap_entries = 0;	 /* number of entries in the overlap table */
310 	new_bios_entry = 0;	 /* index for creating new bios map entries */
311 	last_type = 0;		 /* start with undefined memory type */
312 	last_addr = 0;		 /* start with 0 as last starting address */
313 
314 	/* loop through change-points, determining affect on the new bios map */
315 	for (chgidx = 0; chgidx < chg_nr; chgidx++) {
316 		/* keep track of all overlapping bios entries */
317 		if (change_point[chgidx]->addr ==
318 		    change_point[chgidx]->pbios->addr) {
319 			/*
320 			 * add map entry to overlap list (> 1 entry
321 			 * implies an overlap)
322 			 */
323 			overlap_list[overlap_entries++] =
324 				change_point[chgidx]->pbios;
325 		} else {
326 			/*
327 			 * remove entry from list (order independent,
328 			 * so swap with last)
329 			 */
330 			for (i = 0; i < overlap_entries; i++) {
331 				if (overlap_list[i] ==
332 				    change_point[chgidx]->pbios)
333 					overlap_list[i] =
334 						overlap_list[overlap_entries-1];
335 			}
336 			overlap_entries--;
337 		}
338 		/*
339 		 * if there are overlapping entries, decide which
340 		 * "type" to use (larger value takes precedence --
341 		 * 1=usable, 2,3,4,4+=unusable)
342 		 */
343 		current_type = 0;
344 		for (i = 0; i < overlap_entries; i++)
345 			if (overlap_list[i]->type > current_type)
346 				current_type = overlap_list[i]->type;
347 		/*
348 		 * continue building up new bios map based on this
349 		 * information
350 		 */
351 		if (current_type != last_type)	{
352 			if (last_type != 0)	 {
353 				new_bios[new_bios_entry].size =
354 					change_point[chgidx]->addr - last_addr;
355 				/*
356 				 * move forward only if the new size
357 				 * was non-zero
358 				 */
359 				if (new_bios[new_bios_entry].size != 0)
360 					/*
361 					 * no more space left for new
362 					 * bios entries ?
363 					 */
364 					if (++new_bios_entry >= max_nr_map)
365 						break;
366 			}
367 			if (current_type != 0)	{
368 				new_bios[new_bios_entry].addr =
369 					change_point[chgidx]->addr;
370 				new_bios[new_bios_entry].type = current_type;
371 				last_addr = change_point[chgidx]->addr;
372 			}
373 			last_type = current_type;
374 		}
375 	}
376 	/* retain count for new bios entries */
377 	new_nr = new_bios_entry;
378 
379 	/* copy new bios mapping into original location */
380 	memcpy(biosmap, new_bios, new_nr * sizeof(struct e820entry));
381 	*pnr_map = new_nr;
382 
383 	return 0;
384 }
385 
386 static int __init __append_e820_map(struct e820entry *biosmap, int nr_map)
387 {
388 	while (nr_map) {
389 		u64 start = biosmap->addr;
390 		u64 size = biosmap->size;
391 		u64 end = start + size;
392 		u32 type = biosmap->type;
393 
394 		/* Overflow in 64 bits? Ignore the memory map. */
395 		if (start > end)
396 			return -1;
397 
398 		e820_add_region(start, size, type);
399 
400 		biosmap++;
401 		nr_map--;
402 	}
403 	return 0;
404 }
405 
406 /*
407  * Copy the BIOS e820 map into a safe place.
408  *
409  * Sanity-check it while we're at it..
410  *
411  * If we're lucky and live on a modern system, the setup code
412  * will have given us a memory map that we can use to properly
413  * set up memory.  If we aren't, we'll fake a memory map.
414  */
415 static int __init append_e820_map(struct e820entry *biosmap, int nr_map)
416 {
417 	/* Only one memory region (or negative)? Ignore it */
418 	if (nr_map < 2)
419 		return -1;
420 
421 	return __append_e820_map(biosmap, nr_map);
422 }
423 
424 static u64 __init __e820_update_range(struct e820map *e820x, u64 start,
425 					u64 size, unsigned old_type,
426 					unsigned new_type)
427 {
428 	u64 end;
429 	unsigned int i;
430 	u64 real_updated_size = 0;
431 
432 	BUG_ON(old_type == new_type);
433 
434 	if (size > (ULLONG_MAX - start))
435 		size = ULLONG_MAX - start;
436 
437 	end = start + size;
438 	printk(KERN_DEBUG "e820 update range: %016Lx - %016Lx ",
439 		       (unsigned long long) start,
440 		       (unsigned long long) end);
441 	e820_print_type(old_type);
442 	printk(KERN_CONT " ==> ");
443 	e820_print_type(new_type);
444 	printk(KERN_CONT "\n");
445 
446 	for (i = 0; i < e820x->nr_map; i++) {
447 		struct e820entry *ei = &e820x->map[i];
448 		u64 final_start, final_end;
449 		u64 ei_end;
450 
451 		if (ei->type != old_type)
452 			continue;
453 
454 		ei_end = ei->addr + ei->size;
455 		/* totally covered by new range? */
456 		if (ei->addr >= start && ei_end <= end) {
457 			ei->type = new_type;
458 			real_updated_size += ei->size;
459 			continue;
460 		}
461 
462 		/* new range is totally covered? */
463 		if (ei->addr < start && ei_end > end) {
464 			__e820_add_region(e820x, start, size, new_type);
465 			__e820_add_region(e820x, end, ei_end - end, ei->type);
466 			ei->size = start - ei->addr;
467 			real_updated_size += size;
468 			continue;
469 		}
470 
471 		/* partially covered */
472 		final_start = max(start, ei->addr);
473 		final_end = min(end, ei_end);
474 		if (final_start >= final_end)
475 			continue;
476 
477 		__e820_add_region(e820x, final_start, final_end - final_start,
478 				  new_type);
479 
480 		real_updated_size += final_end - final_start;
481 
482 		/*
483 		 * left range could be head or tail, so need to update
484 		 * size at first.
485 		 */
486 		ei->size -= final_end - final_start;
487 		if (ei->addr < final_start)
488 			continue;
489 		ei->addr = final_end;
490 	}
491 	return real_updated_size;
492 }
493 
494 u64 __init e820_update_range(u64 start, u64 size, unsigned old_type,
495 			     unsigned new_type)
496 {
497 	return __e820_update_range(&e820, start, size, old_type, new_type);
498 }
499 
500 static u64 __init e820_update_range_saved(u64 start, u64 size,
501 					  unsigned old_type, unsigned new_type)
502 {
503 	return __e820_update_range(&e820_saved, start, size, old_type,
504 				     new_type);
505 }
506 
507 /* make e820 not cover the range */
508 u64 __init e820_remove_range(u64 start, u64 size, unsigned old_type,
509 			     int checktype)
510 {
511 	int i;
512 	u64 end;
513 	u64 real_removed_size = 0;
514 
515 	if (size > (ULLONG_MAX - start))
516 		size = ULLONG_MAX - start;
517 
518 	end = start + size;
519 	printk(KERN_DEBUG "e820 remove range: %016Lx - %016Lx ",
520 		       (unsigned long long) start,
521 		       (unsigned long long) end);
522 	if (checktype)
523 		e820_print_type(old_type);
524 	printk(KERN_CONT "\n");
525 
526 	for (i = 0; i < e820.nr_map; i++) {
527 		struct e820entry *ei = &e820.map[i];
528 		u64 final_start, final_end;
529 		u64 ei_end;
530 
531 		if (checktype && ei->type != old_type)
532 			continue;
533 
534 		ei_end = ei->addr + ei->size;
535 		/* totally covered? */
536 		if (ei->addr >= start && ei_end <= end) {
537 			real_removed_size += ei->size;
538 			memset(ei, 0, sizeof(struct e820entry));
539 			continue;
540 		}
541 
542 		/* new range is totally covered? */
543 		if (ei->addr < start && ei_end > end) {
544 			e820_add_region(end, ei_end - end, ei->type);
545 			ei->size = start - ei->addr;
546 			real_removed_size += size;
547 			continue;
548 		}
549 
550 		/* partially covered */
551 		final_start = max(start, ei->addr);
552 		final_end = min(end, ei_end);
553 		if (final_start >= final_end)
554 			continue;
555 		real_removed_size += final_end - final_start;
556 
557 		/*
558 		 * left range could be head or tail, so need to update
559 		 * size at first.
560 		 */
561 		ei->size -= final_end - final_start;
562 		if (ei->addr < final_start)
563 			continue;
564 		ei->addr = final_end;
565 	}
566 	return real_removed_size;
567 }
568 
569 void __init update_e820(void)
570 {
571 	u32 nr_map;
572 
573 	nr_map = e820.nr_map;
574 	if (sanitize_e820_map(e820.map, ARRAY_SIZE(e820.map), &nr_map))
575 		return;
576 	e820.nr_map = nr_map;
577 	printk(KERN_INFO "modified physical RAM map:\n");
578 	e820_print_map("modified");
579 }
580 static void __init update_e820_saved(void)
581 {
582 	u32 nr_map;
583 
584 	nr_map = e820_saved.nr_map;
585 	if (sanitize_e820_map(e820_saved.map, ARRAY_SIZE(e820_saved.map), &nr_map))
586 		return;
587 	e820_saved.nr_map = nr_map;
588 }
589 #define MAX_GAP_END 0x100000000ull
590 /*
591  * Search for a gap in the e820 memory space from start_addr to end_addr.
592  */
593 __init int e820_search_gap(unsigned long *gapstart, unsigned long *gapsize,
594 		unsigned long start_addr, unsigned long long end_addr)
595 {
596 	unsigned long long last;
597 	int i = e820.nr_map;
598 	int found = 0;
599 
600 	last = (end_addr && end_addr < MAX_GAP_END) ? end_addr : MAX_GAP_END;
601 
602 	while (--i >= 0) {
603 		unsigned long long start = e820.map[i].addr;
604 		unsigned long long end = start + e820.map[i].size;
605 
606 		if (end < start_addr)
607 			continue;
608 
609 		/*
610 		 * Since "last" is at most 4GB, we know we'll
611 		 * fit in 32 bits if this condition is true
612 		 */
613 		if (last > end) {
614 			unsigned long gap = last - end;
615 
616 			if (gap >= *gapsize) {
617 				*gapsize = gap;
618 				*gapstart = end;
619 				found = 1;
620 			}
621 		}
622 		if (start < last)
623 			last = start;
624 	}
625 	return found;
626 }
627 
628 /*
629  * Search for the biggest gap in the low 32 bits of the e820
630  * memory space.  We pass this space to PCI to assign MMIO resources
631  * for hotplug or unconfigured devices in.
632  * Hopefully the BIOS let enough space left.
633  */
634 __init void e820_setup_gap(void)
635 {
636 	unsigned long gapstart, gapsize;
637 	int found;
638 
639 	gapstart = 0x10000000;
640 	gapsize = 0x400000;
641 	found  = e820_search_gap(&gapstart, &gapsize, 0, MAX_GAP_END);
642 
643 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
644 	if (!found) {
645 		gapstart = (max_pfn << PAGE_SHIFT) + 1024*1024;
646 		printk(KERN_ERR
647 	"PCI: Warning: Cannot find a gap in the 32bit address range\n"
648 	"PCI: Unassigned devices with 32bit resource registers may break!\n");
649 	}
650 #endif
651 
652 	/*
653 	 * e820_reserve_resources_late protect stolen RAM already
654 	 */
655 	pci_mem_start = gapstart;
656 
657 	printk(KERN_INFO
658 	       "Allocating PCI resources starting at %lx (gap: %lx:%lx)\n",
659 	       pci_mem_start, gapstart, gapsize);
660 }
661 
662 /**
663  * Because of the size limitation of struct boot_params, only first
664  * 128 E820 memory entries are passed to kernel via
665  * boot_params.e820_map, others are passed via SETUP_E820_EXT node of
666  * linked list of struct setup_data, which is parsed here.
667  */
668 void __init parse_e820_ext(struct setup_data *sdata, unsigned long pa_data)
669 {
670 	u32 map_len;
671 	int entries;
672 	struct e820entry *extmap;
673 
674 	entries = sdata->len / sizeof(struct e820entry);
675 	map_len = sdata->len + sizeof(struct setup_data);
676 	if (map_len > PAGE_SIZE)
677 		sdata = early_ioremap(pa_data, map_len);
678 	extmap = (struct e820entry *)(sdata->data);
679 	__append_e820_map(extmap, entries);
680 	sanitize_e820_map(e820.map, ARRAY_SIZE(e820.map), &e820.nr_map);
681 	if (map_len > PAGE_SIZE)
682 		early_iounmap(sdata, map_len);
683 	printk(KERN_INFO "extended physical RAM map:\n");
684 	e820_print_map("extended");
685 }
686 
687 #if defined(CONFIG_X86_64) || \
688 	(defined(CONFIG_X86_32) && defined(CONFIG_HIBERNATION))
689 /**
690  * Find the ranges of physical addresses that do not correspond to
691  * e820 RAM areas and mark the corresponding pages as nosave for
692  * hibernation (32 bit) or software suspend and suspend to RAM (64 bit).
693  *
694  * This function requires the e820 map to be sorted and without any
695  * overlapping entries and assumes the first e820 area to be RAM.
696  */
697 void __init e820_mark_nosave_regions(unsigned long limit_pfn)
698 {
699 	int i;
700 	unsigned long pfn;
701 
702 	pfn = PFN_DOWN(e820.map[0].addr + e820.map[0].size);
703 	for (i = 1; i < e820.nr_map; i++) {
704 		struct e820entry *ei = &e820.map[i];
705 
706 		if (pfn < PFN_UP(ei->addr))
707 			register_nosave_region(pfn, PFN_UP(ei->addr));
708 
709 		pfn = PFN_DOWN(ei->addr + ei->size);
710 		if (ei->type != E820_RAM && ei->type != E820_RESERVED_KERN)
711 			register_nosave_region(PFN_UP(ei->addr), pfn);
712 
713 		if (pfn >= limit_pfn)
714 			break;
715 	}
716 }
717 #endif
718 
719 #ifdef CONFIG_HIBERNATION
720 /**
721  * Mark ACPI NVS memory region, so that we can save/restore it during
722  * hibernation and the subsequent resume.
723  */
724 static int __init e820_mark_nvs_memory(void)
725 {
726 	int i;
727 
728 	for (i = 0; i < e820.nr_map; i++) {
729 		struct e820entry *ei = &e820.map[i];
730 
731 		if (ei->type == E820_NVS)
732 			suspend_nvs_register(ei->addr, ei->size);
733 	}
734 
735 	return 0;
736 }
737 core_initcall(e820_mark_nvs_memory);
738 #endif
739 
740 /*
741  * Find a free area with specified alignment in a specific range.
742  */
743 u64 __init find_e820_area(u64 start, u64 end, u64 size, u64 align)
744 {
745 	int i;
746 
747 	for (i = 0; i < e820.nr_map; i++) {
748 		struct e820entry *ei = &e820.map[i];
749 		u64 addr;
750 		u64 ei_start, ei_last;
751 
752 		if (ei->type != E820_RAM)
753 			continue;
754 
755 		ei_last = ei->addr + ei->size;
756 		ei_start = ei->addr;
757 		addr = find_early_area(ei_start, ei_last, start, end,
758 					 size, align);
759 
760 		if (addr != -1ULL)
761 			return addr;
762 	}
763 	return -1ULL;
764 }
765 
766 u64 __init find_fw_memmap_area(u64 start, u64 end, u64 size, u64 align)
767 {
768 	return find_e820_area(start, end, size, align);
769 }
770 
771 u64 __init get_max_mapped(void)
772 {
773 	u64 end = max_pfn_mapped;
774 
775 	end <<= PAGE_SHIFT;
776 
777 	return end;
778 }
779 /*
780  * Find next free range after *start
781  */
782 u64 __init find_e820_area_size(u64 start, u64 *sizep, u64 align)
783 {
784 	int i;
785 
786 	for (i = 0; i < e820.nr_map; i++) {
787 		struct e820entry *ei = &e820.map[i];
788 		u64 addr;
789 		u64 ei_start, ei_last;
790 
791 		if (ei->type != E820_RAM)
792 			continue;
793 
794 		ei_last = ei->addr + ei->size;
795 		ei_start = ei->addr;
796 		addr = find_early_area_size(ei_start, ei_last, start,
797 					 sizep, align);
798 
799 		if (addr != -1ULL)
800 			return addr;
801 	}
802 
803 	return -1ULL;
804 }
805 
806 /*
807  * pre allocated 4k and reserved it in e820
808  */
809 u64 __init early_reserve_e820(u64 startt, u64 sizet, u64 align)
810 {
811 	u64 size = 0;
812 	u64 addr;
813 	u64 start;
814 
815 	for (start = startt; ; start += size) {
816 		start = find_e820_area_size(start, &size, align);
817 		if (!(start + 1))
818 			return 0;
819 		if (size >= sizet)
820 			break;
821 	}
822 
823 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
824 	if (start >= MAXMEM)
825 		return 0;
826 	if (start + size > MAXMEM)
827 		size = MAXMEM - start;
828 #endif
829 
830 	addr = round_down(start + size - sizet, align);
831 	if (addr < start)
832 		return 0;
833 	e820_update_range(addr, sizet, E820_RAM, E820_RESERVED);
834 	e820_update_range_saved(addr, sizet, E820_RAM, E820_RESERVED);
835 	printk(KERN_INFO "update e820 for early_reserve_e820\n");
836 	update_e820();
837 	update_e820_saved();
838 
839 	return addr;
840 }
841 
842 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
843 # ifdef CONFIG_X86_PAE
844 #  define MAX_ARCH_PFN		(1ULL<<(36-PAGE_SHIFT))
845 # else
846 #  define MAX_ARCH_PFN		(1ULL<<(32-PAGE_SHIFT))
847 # endif
848 #else /* CONFIG_X86_32 */
849 # define MAX_ARCH_PFN MAXMEM>>PAGE_SHIFT
850 #endif
851 
852 /*
853  * Find the highest page frame number we have available
854  */
855 static unsigned long __init e820_end_pfn(unsigned long limit_pfn, unsigned type)
856 {
857 	int i;
858 	unsigned long last_pfn = 0;
859 	unsigned long max_arch_pfn = MAX_ARCH_PFN;
860 
861 	for (i = 0; i < e820.nr_map; i++) {
862 		struct e820entry *ei = &e820.map[i];
863 		unsigned long start_pfn;
864 		unsigned long end_pfn;
865 
866 		if (ei->type != type)
867 			continue;
868 
869 		start_pfn = ei->addr >> PAGE_SHIFT;
870 		end_pfn = (ei->addr + ei->size) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
871 
872 		if (start_pfn >= limit_pfn)
873 			continue;
874 		if (end_pfn > limit_pfn) {
875 			last_pfn = limit_pfn;
876 			break;
877 		}
878 		if (end_pfn > last_pfn)
879 			last_pfn = end_pfn;
880 	}
881 
882 	if (last_pfn > max_arch_pfn)
883 		last_pfn = max_arch_pfn;
884 
885 	printk(KERN_INFO "last_pfn = %#lx max_arch_pfn = %#lx\n",
886 			 last_pfn, max_arch_pfn);
887 	return last_pfn;
888 }
889 unsigned long __init e820_end_of_ram_pfn(void)
890 {
891 	return e820_end_pfn(MAX_ARCH_PFN, E820_RAM);
892 }
893 
894 unsigned long __init e820_end_of_low_ram_pfn(void)
895 {
896 	return e820_end_pfn(1UL<<(32 - PAGE_SHIFT), E820_RAM);
897 }
898 /*
899  * Finds an active region in the address range from start_pfn to last_pfn and
900  * returns its range in ei_startpfn and ei_endpfn for the e820 entry.
901  */
902 int __init e820_find_active_region(const struct e820entry *ei,
903 				  unsigned long start_pfn,
904 				  unsigned long last_pfn,
905 				  unsigned long *ei_startpfn,
906 				  unsigned long *ei_endpfn)
907 {
908 	u64 align = PAGE_SIZE;
909 
910 	*ei_startpfn = round_up(ei->addr, align) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
911 	*ei_endpfn = round_down(ei->addr + ei->size, align) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
912 
913 	/* Skip map entries smaller than a page */
914 	if (*ei_startpfn >= *ei_endpfn)
915 		return 0;
916 
917 	/* Skip if map is outside the node */
918 	if (ei->type != E820_RAM || *ei_endpfn <= start_pfn ||
919 				    *ei_startpfn >= last_pfn)
920 		return 0;
921 
922 	/* Check for overlaps */
923 	if (*ei_startpfn < start_pfn)
924 		*ei_startpfn = start_pfn;
925 	if (*ei_endpfn > last_pfn)
926 		*ei_endpfn = last_pfn;
927 
928 	return 1;
929 }
930 
931 /* Walk the e820 map and register active regions within a node */
932 void __init e820_register_active_regions(int nid, unsigned long start_pfn,
933 					 unsigned long last_pfn)
934 {
935 	unsigned long ei_startpfn;
936 	unsigned long ei_endpfn;
937 	int i;
938 
939 	for (i = 0; i < e820.nr_map; i++)
940 		if (e820_find_active_region(&e820.map[i],
941 					    start_pfn, last_pfn,
942 					    &ei_startpfn, &ei_endpfn))
943 			add_active_range(nid, ei_startpfn, ei_endpfn);
944 }
945 
946 /*
947  * Find the hole size (in bytes) in the memory range.
948  * @start: starting address of the memory range to scan
949  * @end: ending address of the memory range to scan
950  */
951 u64 __init e820_hole_size(u64 start, u64 end)
952 {
953 	unsigned long start_pfn = start >> PAGE_SHIFT;
954 	unsigned long last_pfn = end >> PAGE_SHIFT;
955 	unsigned long ei_startpfn, ei_endpfn, ram = 0;
956 	int i;
957 
958 	for (i = 0; i < e820.nr_map; i++) {
959 		if (e820_find_active_region(&e820.map[i],
960 					    start_pfn, last_pfn,
961 					    &ei_startpfn, &ei_endpfn))
962 			ram += ei_endpfn - ei_startpfn;
963 	}
964 	return end - start - ((u64)ram << PAGE_SHIFT);
965 }
966 
967 static void early_panic(char *msg)
968 {
969 	early_printk(msg);
970 	panic(msg);
971 }
972 
973 static int userdef __initdata;
974 
975 /* "mem=nopentium" disables the 4MB page tables. */
976 static int __init parse_memopt(char *p)
977 {
978 	u64 mem_size;
979 
980 	if (!p)
981 		return -EINVAL;
982 
983 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
984 	if (!strcmp(p, "nopentium")) {
985 		setup_clear_cpu_cap(X86_FEATURE_PSE);
986 		return 0;
987 	}
988 #endif
989 
990 	userdef = 1;
991 	mem_size = memparse(p, &p);
992 	e820_remove_range(mem_size, ULLONG_MAX - mem_size, E820_RAM, 1);
993 
994 	return 0;
995 }
996 early_param("mem", parse_memopt);
997 
998 static int __init parse_memmap_opt(char *p)
999 {
1000 	char *oldp;
1001 	u64 start_at, mem_size;
1002 
1003 	if (!p)
1004 		return -EINVAL;
1005 
1006 	if (!strncmp(p, "exactmap", 8)) {
1007 #ifdef CONFIG_CRASH_DUMP
1008 		/*
1009 		 * If we are doing a crash dump, we still need to know
1010 		 * the real mem size before original memory map is
1011 		 * reset.
1012 		 */
1013 		saved_max_pfn = e820_end_of_ram_pfn();
1014 #endif
1015 		e820.nr_map = 0;
1016 		userdef = 1;
1017 		return 0;
1018 	}
1019 
1020 	oldp = p;
1021 	mem_size = memparse(p, &p);
1022 	if (p == oldp)
1023 		return -EINVAL;
1024 
1025 	userdef = 1;
1026 	if (*p == '@') {
1027 		start_at = memparse(p+1, &p);
1028 		e820_add_region(start_at, mem_size, E820_RAM);
1029 	} else if (*p == '#') {
1030 		start_at = memparse(p+1, &p);
1031 		e820_add_region(start_at, mem_size, E820_ACPI);
1032 	} else if (*p == '$') {
1033 		start_at = memparse(p+1, &p);
1034 		e820_add_region(start_at, mem_size, E820_RESERVED);
1035 	} else
1036 		e820_remove_range(mem_size, ULLONG_MAX - mem_size, E820_RAM, 1);
1037 
1038 	return *p == '\0' ? 0 : -EINVAL;
1039 }
1040 early_param("memmap", parse_memmap_opt);
1041 
1042 void __init finish_e820_parsing(void)
1043 {
1044 	if (userdef) {
1045 		u32 nr = e820.nr_map;
1046 
1047 		if (sanitize_e820_map(e820.map, ARRAY_SIZE(e820.map), &nr) < 0)
1048 			early_panic("Invalid user supplied memory map");
1049 		e820.nr_map = nr;
1050 
1051 		printk(KERN_INFO "user-defined physical RAM map:\n");
1052 		e820_print_map("user");
1053 	}
1054 }
1055 
1056 static inline const char *e820_type_to_string(int e820_type)
1057 {
1058 	switch (e820_type) {
1059 	case E820_RESERVED_KERN:
1060 	case E820_RAM:	return "System RAM";
1061 	case E820_ACPI:	return "ACPI Tables";
1062 	case E820_NVS:	return "ACPI Non-volatile Storage";
1063 	case E820_UNUSABLE:	return "Unusable memory";
1064 	default:	return "reserved";
1065 	}
1066 }
1067 
1068 /*
1069  * Mark e820 reserved areas as busy for the resource manager.
1070  */
1071 static struct resource __initdata *e820_res;
1072 void __init e820_reserve_resources(void)
1073 {
1074 	int i;
1075 	struct resource *res;
1076 	u64 end;
1077 
1078 	res = alloc_bootmem(sizeof(struct resource) * e820.nr_map);
1079 	e820_res = res;
1080 	for (i = 0; i < e820.nr_map; i++) {
1081 		end = e820.map[i].addr + e820.map[i].size - 1;
1082 		if (end != (resource_size_t)end) {
1083 			res++;
1084 			continue;
1085 		}
1086 		res->name = e820_type_to_string(e820.map[i].type);
1087 		res->start = e820.map[i].addr;
1088 		res->end = end;
1089 
1090 		res->flags = IORESOURCE_MEM;
1091 
1092 		/*
1093 		 * don't register the region that could be conflicted with
1094 		 * pci device BAR resource and insert them later in
1095 		 * pcibios_resource_survey()
1096 		 */
1097 		if (e820.map[i].type != E820_RESERVED || res->start < (1ULL<<20)) {
1098 			res->flags |= IORESOURCE_BUSY;
1099 			insert_resource(&iomem_resource, res);
1100 		}
1101 		res++;
1102 	}
1103 
1104 	for (i = 0; i < e820_saved.nr_map; i++) {
1105 		struct e820entry *entry = &e820_saved.map[i];
1106 		firmware_map_add_early(entry->addr,
1107 			entry->addr + entry->size - 1,
1108 			e820_type_to_string(entry->type));
1109 	}
1110 }
1111 
1112 /* How much should we pad RAM ending depending on where it is? */
1113 static unsigned long ram_alignment(resource_size_t pos)
1114 {
1115 	unsigned long mb = pos >> 20;
1116 
1117 	/* To 64kB in the first megabyte */
1118 	if (!mb)
1119 		return 64*1024;
1120 
1121 	/* To 1MB in the first 16MB */
1122 	if (mb < 16)
1123 		return 1024*1024;
1124 
1125 	/* To 64MB for anything above that */
1126 	return 64*1024*1024;
1127 }
1128 
1129 #define MAX_RESOURCE_SIZE ((resource_size_t)-1)
1130 
1131 void __init e820_reserve_resources_late(void)
1132 {
1133 	int i;
1134 	struct resource *res;
1135 
1136 	res = e820_res;
1137 	for (i = 0; i < e820.nr_map; i++) {
1138 		if (!res->parent && res->end)
1139 			insert_resource_expand_to_fit(&iomem_resource, res);
1140 		res++;
1141 	}
1142 
1143 	/*
1144 	 * Try to bump up RAM regions to reasonable boundaries to
1145 	 * avoid stolen RAM:
1146 	 */
1147 	for (i = 0; i < e820.nr_map; i++) {
1148 		struct e820entry *entry = &e820.map[i];
1149 		u64 start, end;
1150 
1151 		if (entry->type != E820_RAM)
1152 			continue;
1153 		start = entry->addr + entry->size;
1154 		end = round_up(start, ram_alignment(start)) - 1;
1155 		if (end > MAX_RESOURCE_SIZE)
1156 			end = MAX_RESOURCE_SIZE;
1157 		if (start >= end)
1158 			continue;
1159 		printk(KERN_DEBUG "reserve RAM buffer: %016llx - %016llx ",
1160 			       start, end);
1161 		reserve_region_with_split(&iomem_resource, start, end,
1162 					  "RAM buffer");
1163 	}
1164 }
1165 
1166 char *__init default_machine_specific_memory_setup(void)
1167 {
1168 	char *who = "BIOS-e820";
1169 	u32 new_nr;
1170 	/*
1171 	 * Try to copy the BIOS-supplied E820-map.
1172 	 *
1173 	 * Otherwise fake a memory map; one section from 0k->640k,
1174 	 * the next section from 1mb->appropriate_mem_k
1175 	 */
1176 	new_nr = boot_params.e820_entries;
1177 	sanitize_e820_map(boot_params.e820_map,
1178 			ARRAY_SIZE(boot_params.e820_map),
1179 			&new_nr);
1180 	boot_params.e820_entries = new_nr;
1181 	if (append_e820_map(boot_params.e820_map, boot_params.e820_entries)
1182 	  < 0) {
1183 		u64 mem_size;
1184 
1185 		/* compare results from other methods and take the greater */
1186 		if (boot_params.alt_mem_k
1187 		    < boot_params.screen_info.ext_mem_k) {
1188 			mem_size = boot_params.screen_info.ext_mem_k;
1189 			who = "BIOS-88";
1190 		} else {
1191 			mem_size = boot_params.alt_mem_k;
1192 			who = "BIOS-e801";
1193 		}
1194 
1195 		e820.nr_map = 0;
1196 		e820_add_region(0, LOWMEMSIZE(), E820_RAM);
1197 		e820_add_region(HIGH_MEMORY, mem_size << 10, E820_RAM);
1198 	}
1199 
1200 	/* In case someone cares... */
1201 	return who;
1202 }
1203 
1204 void __init setup_memory_map(void)
1205 {
1206 	char *who;
1207 
1208 	who = x86_init.resources.memory_setup();
1209 	memcpy(&e820_saved, &e820, sizeof(struct e820map));
1210 	printk(KERN_INFO "BIOS-provided physical RAM map:\n");
1211 	e820_print_map(who);
1212 }
1213