xref: /linux/arch/x86/kernel/aperture_64.c (revision 9052e9c95d908d6c3d7570aadc8898e1d871c8bb)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
2 /*
3  * Firmware replacement code.
4  *
5  * Work around broken BIOSes that don't set an aperture, only set the
6  * aperture in the AGP bridge, or set too small aperture.
7  *
8  * If all fails map the aperture over some low memory.  This is cheaper than
9  * doing bounce buffering. The memory is lost. This is done at early boot
10  * because only the bootmem allocator can allocate 32+MB.
11  *
12  * Copyright 2002 Andi Kleen, SuSE Labs.
13  */
14 #define pr_fmt(fmt) "AGP: " fmt
15 
16 #include <linux/kernel.h>
17 #include <linux/kcore.h>
18 #include <linux/types.h>
19 #include <linux/init.h>
20 #include <linux/memblock.h>
21 #include <linux/mmzone.h>
22 #include <linux/pci_ids.h>
23 #include <linux/pci.h>
24 #include <linux/bitops.h>
25 #include <linux/suspend.h>
26 #include <asm/e820/api.h>
27 #include <asm/io.h>
28 #include <asm/iommu.h>
29 #include <asm/gart.h>
30 #include <asm/pci-direct.h>
31 #include <asm/dma.h>
32 #include <asm/amd_nb.h>
33 #include <asm/x86_init.h>
34 #include <linux/crash_dump.h>
35 
36 /*
37  * Using 512M as goal, in case kexec will load kernel_big
38  * that will do the on-position decompress, and could overlap with
39  * with the gart aperture that is used.
40  * Sequence:
41  * kernel_small
42  * ==> kexec (with kdump trigger path or gart still enabled)
43  * ==> kernel_small (gart area become e820_reserved)
44  * ==> kexec (with kdump trigger path or gart still enabled)
45  * ==> kerne_big (uncompressed size will be big than 64M or 128M)
46  * So don't use 512M below as gart iommu, leave the space for kernel
47  * code for safe.
48  */
49 #define GART_MIN_ADDR	(512ULL << 20)
50 #define GART_MAX_ADDR	(1ULL   << 32)
51 
52 int gart_iommu_aperture;
53 int gart_iommu_aperture_disabled __initdata;
54 int gart_iommu_aperture_allowed __initdata;
55 
56 int fallback_aper_order __initdata = 1; /* 64MB */
57 int fallback_aper_force __initdata;
58 
59 int fix_aperture __initdata = 1;
60 
61 #if defined(CONFIG_PROC_VMCORE) || defined(CONFIG_PROC_KCORE)
62 /*
63  * If the first kernel maps the aperture over e820 RAM, the kdump kernel will
64  * use the same range because it will remain configured in the northbridge.
65  * Trying to dump this area via /proc/vmcore may crash the machine, so exclude
66  * it from vmcore.
67  */
68 static unsigned long aperture_pfn_start, aperture_page_count;
69 
70 static int gart_mem_pfn_is_ram(unsigned long pfn)
71 {
72 	return likely((pfn < aperture_pfn_start) ||
73 		      (pfn >= aperture_pfn_start + aperture_page_count));
74 }
75 
76 static void __init exclude_from_core(u64 aper_base, u32 aper_order)
77 {
78 	aperture_pfn_start = aper_base >> PAGE_SHIFT;
79 	aperture_page_count = (32 * 1024 * 1024) << aper_order >> PAGE_SHIFT;
80 #ifdef CONFIG_PROC_VMCORE
81 	WARN_ON(register_oldmem_pfn_is_ram(&gart_mem_pfn_is_ram));
82 #endif
83 #ifdef CONFIG_PROC_KCORE
84 	WARN_ON(register_mem_pfn_is_ram(&gart_mem_pfn_is_ram));
85 #endif
86 }
87 #else
88 static void exclude_from_core(u64 aper_base, u32 aper_order)
89 {
90 }
91 #endif
92 
93 /* This code runs before the PCI subsystem is initialized, so just
94    access the northbridge directly. */
95 
96 static u32 __init allocate_aperture(void)
97 {
98 	u32 aper_size;
99 	unsigned long addr;
100 
101 	/* aper_size should <= 1G */
102 	if (fallback_aper_order > 5)
103 		fallback_aper_order = 5;
104 	aper_size = (32 * 1024 * 1024) << fallback_aper_order;
105 
106 	/*
107 	 * Aperture has to be naturally aligned. This means a 2GB aperture
108 	 * won't have much chance of finding a place in the lower 4GB of
109 	 * memory. Unfortunately we cannot move it up because that would
110 	 * make the IOMMU useless.
111 	 */
112 	addr = memblock_phys_alloc_range(aper_size, aper_size,
113 					 GART_MIN_ADDR, GART_MAX_ADDR);
114 	if (!addr) {
115 		pr_err("Cannot allocate aperture memory hole [mem %#010lx-%#010lx] (%uKB)\n",
116 		       addr, addr + aper_size - 1, aper_size >> 10);
117 		return 0;
118 	}
119 	pr_info("Mapping aperture over RAM [mem %#010lx-%#010lx] (%uKB)\n",
120 		addr, addr + aper_size - 1, aper_size >> 10);
121 	register_nosave_region(addr >> PAGE_SHIFT,
122 			       (addr+aper_size) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
123 
124 	return (u32)addr;
125 }
126 
127 
128 /* Find a PCI capability */
129 static u32 __init find_cap(int bus, int slot, int func, int cap)
130 {
131 	int bytes;
132 	u8 pos;
133 
134 	if (!(read_pci_config_16(bus, slot, func, PCI_STATUS) &
135 						PCI_STATUS_CAP_LIST))
136 		return 0;
137 
138 	pos = read_pci_config_byte(bus, slot, func, PCI_CAPABILITY_LIST);
139 	for (bytes = 0; bytes < 48 && pos >= 0x40; bytes++) {
140 		u8 id;
141 
142 		pos &= ~3;
143 		id = read_pci_config_byte(bus, slot, func, pos+PCI_CAP_LIST_ID);
144 		if (id == 0xff)
145 			break;
146 		if (id == cap)
147 			return pos;
148 		pos = read_pci_config_byte(bus, slot, func,
149 						pos+PCI_CAP_LIST_NEXT);
150 	}
151 	return 0;
152 }
153 
154 /* Read a standard AGPv3 bridge header */
155 static u32 __init read_agp(int bus, int slot, int func, int cap, u32 *order)
156 {
157 	u32 apsize;
158 	u32 apsizereg;
159 	int nbits;
160 	u32 aper_low, aper_hi;
161 	u64 aper;
162 	u32 old_order;
163 
164 	pr_info("pci 0000:%02x:%02x:%02x: AGP bridge\n", bus, slot, func);
165 	apsizereg = read_pci_config_16(bus, slot, func, cap + 0x14);
166 	if (apsizereg == 0xffffffff) {
167 		pr_err("pci 0000:%02x:%02x.%d: APSIZE unreadable\n",
168 		       bus, slot, func);
169 		return 0;
170 	}
171 
172 	/* old_order could be the value from NB gart setting */
173 	old_order = *order;
174 
175 	apsize = apsizereg & 0xfff;
176 	/* Some BIOS use weird encodings not in the AGPv3 table. */
177 	if (apsize & 0xff)
178 		apsize |= 0xf00;
179 	nbits = hweight16(apsize);
180 	*order = 7 - nbits;
181 	if ((int)*order < 0) /* < 32MB */
182 		*order = 0;
183 
184 	aper_low = read_pci_config(bus, slot, func, 0x10);
185 	aper_hi = read_pci_config(bus, slot, func, 0x14);
186 	aper = (aper_low & ~((1<<22)-1)) | ((u64)aper_hi << 32);
187 
188 	/*
189 	 * On some sick chips, APSIZE is 0. It means it wants 4G
190 	 * so let double check that order, and lets trust AMD NB settings:
191 	 */
192 	pr_info("pci 0000:%02x:%02x.%d: AGP aperture [bus addr %#010Lx-%#010Lx] (old size %uMB)\n",
193 		bus, slot, func, aper, aper + (32ULL << (old_order + 20)) - 1,
194 		32 << old_order);
195 	if (aper + (32ULL<<(20 + *order)) > 0x100000000ULL) {
196 		pr_info("pci 0000:%02x:%02x.%d: AGP aperture size %uMB (APSIZE %#x) is not right, using settings from NB\n",
197 			bus, slot, func, 32 << *order, apsizereg);
198 		*order = old_order;
199 	}
200 
201 	pr_info("pci 0000:%02x:%02x.%d: AGP aperture [bus addr %#010Lx-%#010Lx] (%uMB, APSIZE %#x)\n",
202 		bus, slot, func, aper, aper + (32ULL << (*order + 20)) - 1,
203 		32 << *order, apsizereg);
204 
205 	if (!aperture_valid(aper, (32*1024*1024) << *order, 32<<20))
206 		return 0;
207 	return (u32)aper;
208 }
209 
210 /*
211  * Look for an AGP bridge. Windows only expects the aperture in the
212  * AGP bridge and some BIOS forget to initialize the Northbridge too.
213  * Work around this here.
214  *
215  * Do an PCI bus scan by hand because we're running before the PCI
216  * subsystem.
217  *
218  * All AMD AGP bridges are AGPv3 compliant, so we can do this scan
219  * generically. It's probably overkill to always scan all slots because
220  * the AGP bridges should be always an own bus on the HT hierarchy,
221  * but do it here for future safety.
222  */
223 static u32 __init search_agp_bridge(u32 *order, int *valid_agp)
224 {
225 	int bus, slot, func;
226 
227 	/* Poor man's PCI discovery */
228 	for (bus = 0; bus < 256; bus++) {
229 		for (slot = 0; slot < 32; slot++) {
230 			for (func = 0; func < 8; func++) {
231 				u32 class, cap;
232 				u8 type;
233 				class = read_pci_config(bus, slot, func,
234 							PCI_CLASS_REVISION);
235 				if (class == 0xffffffff)
236 					break;
237 
238 				switch (class >> 16) {
239 				case PCI_CLASS_BRIDGE_HOST:
240 				case PCI_CLASS_BRIDGE_OTHER: /* needed? */
241 					/* AGP bridge? */
242 					cap = find_cap(bus, slot, func,
243 							PCI_CAP_ID_AGP);
244 					if (!cap)
245 						break;
246 					*valid_agp = 1;
247 					return read_agp(bus, slot, func, cap,
248 							order);
249 				}
250 
251 				/* No multi-function device? */
252 				type = read_pci_config_byte(bus, slot, func,
253 							       PCI_HEADER_TYPE);
254 				if (!(type & 0x80))
255 					break;
256 			}
257 		}
258 	}
259 	pr_info("No AGP bridge found\n");
260 
261 	return 0;
262 }
263 
264 static bool gart_fix_e820 __initdata = true;
265 
266 static int __init parse_gart_mem(char *p)
267 {
268 	return kstrtobool(p, &gart_fix_e820);
269 }
270 early_param("gart_fix_e820", parse_gart_mem);
271 
272 /*
273  * With kexec/kdump, if the first kernel doesn't shut down the GART and the
274  * second kernel allocates a different GART region, there might be two
275  * overlapping GART regions present:
276  *
277  * - the first still used by the GART initialized in the first kernel.
278  * - (sub-)set of it used as normal RAM by the second kernel.
279  *
280  * which leads to memory corruptions and a kernel panic eventually.
281  *
282  * This can also happen if the BIOS has forgotten to mark the GART region
283  * as reserved.
284  *
285  * Try to update the e820 map to mark that new region as reserved.
286  */
287 void __init early_gart_iommu_check(void)
288 {
289 	u32 agp_aper_order = 0;
290 	int i, fix, slot, valid_agp = 0;
291 	u32 ctl;
292 	u32 aper_size = 0, aper_order = 0, last_aper_order = 0;
293 	u64 aper_base = 0, last_aper_base = 0;
294 	int aper_enabled = 0, last_aper_enabled = 0, last_valid = 0;
295 
296 	if (!amd_gart_present())
297 		return;
298 
299 	if (!early_pci_allowed())
300 		return;
301 
302 	/* This is mostly duplicate of iommu_hole_init */
303 	search_agp_bridge(&agp_aper_order, &valid_agp);
304 
305 	fix = 0;
306 	for (i = 0; amd_nb_bus_dev_ranges[i].dev_limit; i++) {
307 		int bus;
308 		int dev_base, dev_limit;
309 
310 		bus = amd_nb_bus_dev_ranges[i].bus;
311 		dev_base = amd_nb_bus_dev_ranges[i].dev_base;
312 		dev_limit = amd_nb_bus_dev_ranges[i].dev_limit;
313 
314 		for (slot = dev_base; slot < dev_limit; slot++) {
315 			if (!early_is_amd_nb(read_pci_config(bus, slot, 3, 0x00)))
316 				continue;
317 
318 			ctl = read_pci_config(bus, slot, 3, AMD64_GARTAPERTURECTL);
319 			aper_enabled = ctl & GARTEN;
320 			aper_order = (ctl >> 1) & 7;
321 			aper_size = (32 * 1024 * 1024) << aper_order;
322 			aper_base = read_pci_config(bus, slot, 3, AMD64_GARTAPERTUREBASE) & 0x7fff;
323 			aper_base <<= 25;
324 
325 			if (last_valid) {
326 				if ((aper_order != last_aper_order) ||
327 				    (aper_base != last_aper_base) ||
328 				    (aper_enabled != last_aper_enabled)) {
329 					fix = 1;
330 					break;
331 				}
332 			}
333 
334 			last_aper_order = aper_order;
335 			last_aper_base = aper_base;
336 			last_aper_enabled = aper_enabled;
337 			last_valid = 1;
338 		}
339 	}
340 
341 	if (!fix && !aper_enabled)
342 		return;
343 
344 	if (!aper_base || !aper_size || aper_base + aper_size > 0x100000000UL)
345 		fix = 1;
346 
347 	if (gart_fix_e820 && !fix && aper_enabled) {
348 		if (e820__mapped_any(aper_base, aper_base + aper_size,
349 				    E820_TYPE_RAM)) {
350 			/* reserve it, so we can reuse it in second kernel */
351 			pr_info("e820: reserve [mem %#010Lx-%#010Lx] for GART\n",
352 				aper_base, aper_base + aper_size - 1);
353 			e820__range_add(aper_base, aper_size, E820_TYPE_RESERVED);
354 			e820__update_table_print();
355 		}
356 	}
357 
358 	if (valid_agp)
359 		return;
360 
361 	/* disable them all at first */
362 	for (i = 0; i < amd_nb_bus_dev_ranges[i].dev_limit; i++) {
363 		int bus;
364 		int dev_base, dev_limit;
365 
366 		bus = amd_nb_bus_dev_ranges[i].bus;
367 		dev_base = amd_nb_bus_dev_ranges[i].dev_base;
368 		dev_limit = amd_nb_bus_dev_ranges[i].dev_limit;
369 
370 		for (slot = dev_base; slot < dev_limit; slot++) {
371 			if (!early_is_amd_nb(read_pci_config(bus, slot, 3, 0x00)))
372 				continue;
373 
374 			ctl = read_pci_config(bus, slot, 3, AMD64_GARTAPERTURECTL);
375 			ctl &= ~GARTEN;
376 			write_pci_config(bus, slot, 3, AMD64_GARTAPERTURECTL, ctl);
377 		}
378 	}
379 
380 }
381 
382 static int __initdata printed_gart_size_msg;
383 
384 int __init gart_iommu_hole_init(void)
385 {
386 	u32 agp_aper_base = 0, agp_aper_order = 0;
387 	u32 aper_size, aper_alloc = 0, aper_order = 0, last_aper_order = 0;
388 	u64 aper_base, last_aper_base = 0;
389 	int fix, slot, valid_agp = 0;
390 	int i, node;
391 
392 	if (!amd_gart_present())
393 		return -ENODEV;
394 
395 	if (gart_iommu_aperture_disabled || !fix_aperture ||
396 	    !early_pci_allowed())
397 		return -ENODEV;
398 
399 	pr_info("Checking aperture...\n");
400 
401 	if (!fallback_aper_force)
402 		agp_aper_base = search_agp_bridge(&agp_aper_order, &valid_agp);
403 
404 	fix = 0;
405 	node = 0;
406 	for (i = 0; i < amd_nb_bus_dev_ranges[i].dev_limit; i++) {
407 		int bus;
408 		int dev_base, dev_limit;
409 		u32 ctl;
410 
411 		bus = amd_nb_bus_dev_ranges[i].bus;
412 		dev_base = amd_nb_bus_dev_ranges[i].dev_base;
413 		dev_limit = amd_nb_bus_dev_ranges[i].dev_limit;
414 
415 		for (slot = dev_base; slot < dev_limit; slot++) {
416 			if (!early_is_amd_nb(read_pci_config(bus, slot, 3, 0x00)))
417 				continue;
418 
419 			iommu_detected = 1;
420 			gart_iommu_aperture = 1;
421 			x86_init.iommu.iommu_init = gart_iommu_init;
422 
423 			ctl = read_pci_config(bus, slot, 3,
424 					      AMD64_GARTAPERTURECTL);
425 
426 			/*
427 			 * Before we do anything else disable the GART. It may
428 			 * still be enabled if we boot into a crash-kernel here.
429 			 * Reconfiguring the GART while it is enabled could have
430 			 * unknown side-effects.
431 			 */
432 			ctl &= ~GARTEN;
433 			write_pci_config(bus, slot, 3, AMD64_GARTAPERTURECTL, ctl);
434 
435 			aper_order = (ctl >> 1) & 7;
436 			aper_size = (32 * 1024 * 1024) << aper_order;
437 			aper_base = read_pci_config(bus, slot, 3, AMD64_GARTAPERTUREBASE) & 0x7fff;
438 			aper_base <<= 25;
439 
440 			pr_info("Node %d: aperture [bus addr %#010Lx-%#010Lx] (%uMB)\n",
441 				node, aper_base, aper_base + aper_size - 1,
442 				aper_size >> 20);
443 			node++;
444 
445 			if (!aperture_valid(aper_base, aper_size, 64<<20)) {
446 				if (valid_agp && agp_aper_base &&
447 				    agp_aper_base == aper_base &&
448 				    agp_aper_order == aper_order) {
449 					/* the same between two setting from NB and agp */
450 					if (!no_iommu &&
451 					    max_pfn > MAX_DMA32_PFN &&
452 					    !printed_gart_size_msg) {
453 						pr_err("you are using iommu with agp, but GART size is less than 64MB\n");
454 						pr_err("please increase GART size in your BIOS setup\n");
455 						pr_err("if BIOS doesn't have that option, contact your HW vendor!\n");
456 						printed_gart_size_msg = 1;
457 					}
458 				} else {
459 					fix = 1;
460 					goto out;
461 				}
462 			}
463 
464 			if ((last_aper_order && aper_order != last_aper_order) ||
465 			    (last_aper_base && aper_base != last_aper_base)) {
466 				fix = 1;
467 				goto out;
468 			}
469 			last_aper_order = aper_order;
470 			last_aper_base = aper_base;
471 		}
472 	}
473 
474 out:
475 	if (!fix && !fallback_aper_force) {
476 		if (last_aper_base) {
477 			/*
478 			 * If this is the kdump kernel, the first kernel
479 			 * may have allocated the range over its e820 RAM
480 			 * and fixed up the northbridge
481 			 */
482 			exclude_from_core(last_aper_base, last_aper_order);
483 
484 			return 1;
485 		}
486 		return 0;
487 	}
488 
489 	if (!fallback_aper_force) {
490 		aper_alloc = agp_aper_base;
491 		aper_order = agp_aper_order;
492 	}
493 
494 	if (aper_alloc) {
495 		/* Got the aperture from the AGP bridge */
496 	} else if ((!no_iommu && max_pfn > MAX_DMA32_PFN) ||
497 		   force_iommu ||
498 		   valid_agp ||
499 		   fallback_aper_force) {
500 		pr_info("Your BIOS doesn't leave an aperture memory hole\n");
501 		pr_info("Please enable the IOMMU option in the BIOS setup\n");
502 		pr_info("This costs you %dMB of RAM\n",
503 			32 << fallback_aper_order);
504 
505 		aper_order = fallback_aper_order;
506 		aper_alloc = allocate_aperture();
507 		if (!aper_alloc) {
508 			/*
509 			 * Could disable AGP and IOMMU here, but it's
510 			 * probably not worth it. But the later users
511 			 * cannot deal with bad apertures and turning
512 			 * on the aperture over memory causes very
513 			 * strange problems, so it's better to panic
514 			 * early.
515 			 */
516 			panic("Not enough memory for aperture");
517 		}
518 	} else {
519 		return 0;
520 	}
521 
522 	/*
523 	 * If this is the kdump kernel _and_ the first kernel did not
524 	 * configure the aperture in the northbridge, this range may
525 	 * overlap with the first kernel's memory. We can't access the
526 	 * range through vmcore even though it should be part of the dump.
527 	 */
528 	exclude_from_core(aper_alloc, aper_order);
529 
530 	/* Fix up the north bridges */
531 	for (i = 0; i < amd_nb_bus_dev_ranges[i].dev_limit; i++) {
532 		int bus, dev_base, dev_limit;
533 
534 		/*
535 		 * Don't enable translation yet but enable GART IO and CPU
536 		 * accesses and set DISTLBWALKPRB since GART table memory is UC.
537 		 */
538 		u32 ctl = aper_order << 1;
539 
540 		bus = amd_nb_bus_dev_ranges[i].bus;
541 		dev_base = amd_nb_bus_dev_ranges[i].dev_base;
542 		dev_limit = amd_nb_bus_dev_ranges[i].dev_limit;
543 		for (slot = dev_base; slot < dev_limit; slot++) {
544 			if (!early_is_amd_nb(read_pci_config(bus, slot, 3, 0x00)))
545 				continue;
546 
547 			write_pci_config(bus, slot, 3, AMD64_GARTAPERTURECTL, ctl);
548 			write_pci_config(bus, slot, 3, AMD64_GARTAPERTUREBASE, aper_alloc >> 25);
549 		}
550 	}
551 
552 	set_up_gart_resume(aper_order, aper_alloc);
553 
554 	return 1;
555 }
556