xref: /linux/arch/x86/kernel/aperture_64.c (revision 273b281fa22c293963ee3e6eec418f5dda2dbc83)
1 /*
2  * Firmware replacement code.
3  *
4  * Work around broken BIOSes that don't set an aperture, only set the
5  * aperture in the AGP bridge, or set too small aperture.
6  *
7  * If all fails map the aperture over some low memory.  This is cheaper than
8  * doing bounce buffering. The memory is lost. This is done at early boot
9  * because only the bootmem allocator can allocate 32+MB.
10  *
11  * Copyright 2002 Andi Kleen, SuSE Labs.
12  */
13 #include <linux/kernel.h>
14 #include <linux/types.h>
15 #include <linux/init.h>
16 #include <linux/bootmem.h>
17 #include <linux/mmzone.h>
18 #include <linux/pci_ids.h>
19 #include <linux/pci.h>
20 #include <linux/bitops.h>
21 #include <linux/ioport.h>
22 #include <linux/suspend.h>
23 #include <linux/kmemleak.h>
24 #include <asm/e820.h>
25 #include <asm/io.h>
26 #include <asm/iommu.h>
27 #include <asm/gart.h>
28 #include <asm/pci-direct.h>
29 #include <asm/dma.h>
30 #include <asm/k8.h>
31 #include <asm/x86_init.h>
32 
33 int gart_iommu_aperture;
34 int gart_iommu_aperture_disabled __initdata;
35 int gart_iommu_aperture_allowed __initdata;
36 
37 int fallback_aper_order __initdata = 1; /* 64MB */
38 int fallback_aper_force __initdata;
39 
40 int fix_aperture __initdata = 1;
41 
42 struct bus_dev_range {
43 	int bus;
44 	int dev_base;
45 	int dev_limit;
46 };
47 
48 static struct bus_dev_range bus_dev_ranges[] __initdata = {
49 	{ 0x00, 0x18, 0x20},
50 	{ 0xff, 0x00, 0x20},
51 	{ 0xfe, 0x00, 0x20}
52 };
53 
54 static struct resource gart_resource = {
55 	.name	= "GART",
56 	.flags	= IORESOURCE_MEM,
57 };
58 
59 static void __init insert_aperture_resource(u32 aper_base, u32 aper_size)
60 {
61 	gart_resource.start = aper_base;
62 	gart_resource.end = aper_base + aper_size - 1;
63 	insert_resource(&iomem_resource, &gart_resource);
64 }
65 
66 /* This code runs before the PCI subsystem is initialized, so just
67    access the northbridge directly. */
68 
69 static u32 __init allocate_aperture(void)
70 {
71 	u32 aper_size;
72 	void *p;
73 
74 	/* aper_size should <= 1G */
75 	if (fallback_aper_order > 5)
76 		fallback_aper_order = 5;
77 	aper_size = (32 * 1024 * 1024) << fallback_aper_order;
78 
79 	/*
80 	 * Aperture has to be naturally aligned. This means a 2GB aperture
81 	 * won't have much chance of finding a place in the lower 4GB of
82 	 * memory. Unfortunately we cannot move it up because that would
83 	 * make the IOMMU useless.
84 	 */
85 	/*
86 	 * using 512M as goal, in case kexec will load kernel_big
87 	 * that will do the on position decompress, and  could overlap with
88 	 * that positon with gart that is used.
89 	 * sequende:
90 	 * kernel_small
91 	 * ==> kexec (with kdump trigger path or previous doesn't shutdown gart)
92 	 * ==> kernel_small(gart area become e820_reserved)
93 	 * ==> kexec (with kdump trigger path or previous doesn't shutdown gart)
94 	 * ==> kerne_big (uncompressed size will be big than 64M or 128M)
95 	 * so don't use 512M below as gart iommu, leave the space for kernel
96 	 * code for safe
97 	 */
98 	p = __alloc_bootmem_nopanic(aper_size, aper_size, 512ULL<<20);
99 	/*
100 	 * Kmemleak should not scan this block as it may not be mapped via the
101 	 * kernel direct mapping.
102 	 */
103 	kmemleak_ignore(p);
104 	if (!p || __pa(p)+aper_size > 0xffffffff) {
105 		printk(KERN_ERR
106 			"Cannot allocate aperture memory hole (%p,%uK)\n",
107 				p, aper_size>>10);
108 		if (p)
109 			free_bootmem(__pa(p), aper_size);
110 		return 0;
111 	}
112 	printk(KERN_INFO "Mapping aperture over %d KB of RAM @ %lx\n",
113 			aper_size >> 10, __pa(p));
114 	insert_aperture_resource((u32)__pa(p), aper_size);
115 	register_nosave_region((u32)__pa(p) >> PAGE_SHIFT,
116 				(u32)__pa(p+aper_size) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
117 
118 	return (u32)__pa(p);
119 }
120 
121 
122 /* Find a PCI capability */
123 static u32 __init find_cap(int bus, int slot, int func, int cap)
124 {
125 	int bytes;
126 	u8 pos;
127 
128 	if (!(read_pci_config_16(bus, slot, func, PCI_STATUS) &
129 						PCI_STATUS_CAP_LIST))
130 		return 0;
131 
132 	pos = read_pci_config_byte(bus, slot, func, PCI_CAPABILITY_LIST);
133 	for (bytes = 0; bytes < 48 && pos >= 0x40; bytes++) {
134 		u8 id;
135 
136 		pos &= ~3;
137 		id = read_pci_config_byte(bus, slot, func, pos+PCI_CAP_LIST_ID);
138 		if (id == 0xff)
139 			break;
140 		if (id == cap)
141 			return pos;
142 		pos = read_pci_config_byte(bus, slot, func,
143 						pos+PCI_CAP_LIST_NEXT);
144 	}
145 	return 0;
146 }
147 
148 /* Read a standard AGPv3 bridge header */
149 static u32 __init read_agp(int bus, int slot, int func, int cap, u32 *order)
150 {
151 	u32 apsize;
152 	u32 apsizereg;
153 	int nbits;
154 	u32 aper_low, aper_hi;
155 	u64 aper;
156 	u32 old_order;
157 
158 	printk(KERN_INFO "AGP bridge at %02x:%02x:%02x\n", bus, slot, func);
159 	apsizereg = read_pci_config_16(bus, slot, func, cap + 0x14);
160 	if (apsizereg == 0xffffffff) {
161 		printk(KERN_ERR "APSIZE in AGP bridge unreadable\n");
162 		return 0;
163 	}
164 
165 	/* old_order could be the value from NB gart setting */
166 	old_order = *order;
167 
168 	apsize = apsizereg & 0xfff;
169 	/* Some BIOS use weird encodings not in the AGPv3 table. */
170 	if (apsize & 0xff)
171 		apsize |= 0xf00;
172 	nbits = hweight16(apsize);
173 	*order = 7 - nbits;
174 	if ((int)*order < 0) /* < 32MB */
175 		*order = 0;
176 
177 	aper_low = read_pci_config(bus, slot, func, 0x10);
178 	aper_hi = read_pci_config(bus, slot, func, 0x14);
179 	aper = (aper_low & ~((1<<22)-1)) | ((u64)aper_hi << 32);
180 
181 	/*
182 	 * On some sick chips, APSIZE is 0. It means it wants 4G
183 	 * so let double check that order, and lets trust AMD NB settings:
184 	 */
185 	printk(KERN_INFO "Aperture from AGP @ %Lx old size %u MB\n",
186 			aper, 32 << old_order);
187 	if (aper + (32ULL<<(20 + *order)) > 0x100000000ULL) {
188 		printk(KERN_INFO "Aperture size %u MB (APSIZE %x) is not right, using settings from NB\n",
189 				32 << *order, apsizereg);
190 		*order = old_order;
191 	}
192 
193 	printk(KERN_INFO "Aperture from AGP @ %Lx size %u MB (APSIZE %x)\n",
194 			aper, 32 << *order, apsizereg);
195 
196 	if (!aperture_valid(aper, (32*1024*1024) << *order, 32<<20))
197 		return 0;
198 	return (u32)aper;
199 }
200 
201 /*
202  * Look for an AGP bridge. Windows only expects the aperture in the
203  * AGP bridge and some BIOS forget to initialize the Northbridge too.
204  * Work around this here.
205  *
206  * Do an PCI bus scan by hand because we're running before the PCI
207  * subsystem.
208  *
209  * All K8 AGP bridges are AGPv3 compliant, so we can do this scan
210  * generically. It's probably overkill to always scan all slots because
211  * the AGP bridges should be always an own bus on the HT hierarchy,
212  * but do it here for future safety.
213  */
214 static u32 __init search_agp_bridge(u32 *order, int *valid_agp)
215 {
216 	int bus, slot, func;
217 
218 	/* Poor man's PCI discovery */
219 	for (bus = 0; bus < 256; bus++) {
220 		for (slot = 0; slot < 32; slot++) {
221 			for (func = 0; func < 8; func++) {
222 				u32 class, cap;
223 				u8 type;
224 				class = read_pci_config(bus, slot, func,
225 							PCI_CLASS_REVISION);
226 				if (class == 0xffffffff)
227 					break;
228 
229 				switch (class >> 16) {
230 				case PCI_CLASS_BRIDGE_HOST:
231 				case PCI_CLASS_BRIDGE_OTHER: /* needed? */
232 					/* AGP bridge? */
233 					cap = find_cap(bus, slot, func,
234 							PCI_CAP_ID_AGP);
235 					if (!cap)
236 						break;
237 					*valid_agp = 1;
238 					return read_agp(bus, slot, func, cap,
239 							order);
240 				}
241 
242 				/* No multi-function device? */
243 				type = read_pci_config_byte(bus, slot, func,
244 							       PCI_HEADER_TYPE);
245 				if (!(type & 0x80))
246 					break;
247 			}
248 		}
249 	}
250 	printk(KERN_INFO "No AGP bridge found\n");
251 
252 	return 0;
253 }
254 
255 static int gart_fix_e820 __initdata = 1;
256 
257 static int __init parse_gart_mem(char *p)
258 {
259 	if (!p)
260 		return -EINVAL;
261 
262 	if (!strncmp(p, "off", 3))
263 		gart_fix_e820 = 0;
264 	else if (!strncmp(p, "on", 2))
265 		gart_fix_e820 = 1;
266 
267 	return 0;
268 }
269 early_param("gart_fix_e820", parse_gart_mem);
270 
271 void __init early_gart_iommu_check(void)
272 {
273 	/*
274 	 * in case it is enabled before, esp for kexec/kdump,
275 	 * previous kernel already enable that. memset called
276 	 * by allocate_aperture/__alloc_bootmem_nopanic cause restart.
277 	 * or second kernel have different position for GART hole. and new
278 	 * kernel could use hole as RAM that is still used by GART set by
279 	 * first kernel
280 	 * or BIOS forget to put that in reserved.
281 	 * try to update e820 to make that region as reserved.
282 	 */
283 	int i, fix, slot;
284 	u32 ctl;
285 	u32 aper_size = 0, aper_order = 0, last_aper_order = 0;
286 	u64 aper_base = 0, last_aper_base = 0;
287 	int aper_enabled = 0, last_aper_enabled = 0, last_valid = 0;
288 
289 	if (!early_pci_allowed())
290 		return;
291 
292 	/* This is mostly duplicate of iommu_hole_init */
293 	fix = 0;
294 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(bus_dev_ranges); i++) {
295 		int bus;
296 		int dev_base, dev_limit;
297 
298 		bus = bus_dev_ranges[i].bus;
299 		dev_base = bus_dev_ranges[i].dev_base;
300 		dev_limit = bus_dev_ranges[i].dev_limit;
301 
302 		for (slot = dev_base; slot < dev_limit; slot++) {
303 			if (!early_is_k8_nb(read_pci_config(bus, slot, 3, 0x00)))
304 				continue;
305 
306 			ctl = read_pci_config(bus, slot, 3, AMD64_GARTAPERTURECTL);
307 			aper_enabled = ctl & AMD64_GARTEN;
308 			aper_order = (ctl >> 1) & 7;
309 			aper_size = (32 * 1024 * 1024) << aper_order;
310 			aper_base = read_pci_config(bus, slot, 3, AMD64_GARTAPERTUREBASE) & 0x7fff;
311 			aper_base <<= 25;
312 
313 			if (last_valid) {
314 				if ((aper_order != last_aper_order) ||
315 				    (aper_base != last_aper_base) ||
316 				    (aper_enabled != last_aper_enabled)) {
317 					fix = 1;
318 					break;
319 				}
320 			}
321 
322 			last_aper_order = aper_order;
323 			last_aper_base = aper_base;
324 			last_aper_enabled = aper_enabled;
325 			last_valid = 1;
326 		}
327 	}
328 
329 	if (!fix && !aper_enabled)
330 		return;
331 
332 	if (!aper_base || !aper_size || aper_base + aper_size > 0x100000000UL)
333 		fix = 1;
334 
335 	if (gart_fix_e820 && !fix && aper_enabled) {
336 		if (e820_any_mapped(aper_base, aper_base + aper_size,
337 				    E820_RAM)) {
338 			/* reserve it, so we can reuse it in second kernel */
339 			printk(KERN_INFO "update e820 for GART\n");
340 			e820_add_region(aper_base, aper_size, E820_RESERVED);
341 			update_e820();
342 		}
343 	}
344 
345 	if (!fix)
346 		return;
347 
348 	/* different nodes have different setting, disable them all at first*/
349 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(bus_dev_ranges); i++) {
350 		int bus;
351 		int dev_base, dev_limit;
352 
353 		bus = bus_dev_ranges[i].bus;
354 		dev_base = bus_dev_ranges[i].dev_base;
355 		dev_limit = bus_dev_ranges[i].dev_limit;
356 
357 		for (slot = dev_base; slot < dev_limit; slot++) {
358 			if (!early_is_k8_nb(read_pci_config(bus, slot, 3, 0x00)))
359 				continue;
360 
361 			ctl = read_pci_config(bus, slot, 3, AMD64_GARTAPERTURECTL);
362 			ctl &= ~AMD64_GARTEN;
363 			write_pci_config(bus, slot, 3, AMD64_GARTAPERTURECTL, ctl);
364 		}
365 	}
366 
367 }
368 
369 static int __initdata printed_gart_size_msg;
370 
371 void __init gart_iommu_hole_init(void)
372 {
373 	u32 agp_aper_base = 0, agp_aper_order = 0;
374 	u32 aper_size, aper_alloc = 0, aper_order = 0, last_aper_order = 0;
375 	u64 aper_base, last_aper_base = 0;
376 	int fix, slot, valid_agp = 0;
377 	int i, node;
378 
379 	if (gart_iommu_aperture_disabled || !fix_aperture ||
380 	    !early_pci_allowed())
381 		return;
382 
383 	printk(KERN_INFO  "Checking aperture...\n");
384 
385 	if (!fallback_aper_force)
386 		agp_aper_base = search_agp_bridge(&agp_aper_order, &valid_agp);
387 
388 	fix = 0;
389 	node = 0;
390 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(bus_dev_ranges); i++) {
391 		int bus;
392 		int dev_base, dev_limit;
393 
394 		bus = bus_dev_ranges[i].bus;
395 		dev_base = bus_dev_ranges[i].dev_base;
396 		dev_limit = bus_dev_ranges[i].dev_limit;
397 
398 		for (slot = dev_base; slot < dev_limit; slot++) {
399 			if (!early_is_k8_nb(read_pci_config(bus, slot, 3, 0x00)))
400 				continue;
401 
402 			iommu_detected = 1;
403 			gart_iommu_aperture = 1;
404 			x86_init.iommu.iommu_init = gart_iommu_init;
405 
406 			aper_order = (read_pci_config(bus, slot, 3, AMD64_GARTAPERTURECTL) >> 1) & 7;
407 			aper_size = (32 * 1024 * 1024) << aper_order;
408 			aper_base = read_pci_config(bus, slot, 3, AMD64_GARTAPERTUREBASE) & 0x7fff;
409 			aper_base <<= 25;
410 
411 			printk(KERN_INFO "Node %d: aperture @ %Lx size %u MB\n",
412 					node, aper_base, aper_size >> 20);
413 			node++;
414 
415 			if (!aperture_valid(aper_base, aper_size, 64<<20)) {
416 				if (valid_agp && agp_aper_base &&
417 				    agp_aper_base == aper_base &&
418 				    agp_aper_order == aper_order) {
419 					/* the same between two setting from NB and agp */
420 					if (!no_iommu &&
421 					    max_pfn > MAX_DMA32_PFN &&
422 					    !printed_gart_size_msg) {
423 						printk(KERN_ERR "you are using iommu with agp, but GART size is less than 64M\n");
424 						printk(KERN_ERR "please increase GART size in your BIOS setup\n");
425 						printk(KERN_ERR "if BIOS doesn't have that option, contact your HW vendor!\n");
426 						printed_gart_size_msg = 1;
427 					}
428 				} else {
429 					fix = 1;
430 					goto out;
431 				}
432 			}
433 
434 			if ((last_aper_order && aper_order != last_aper_order) ||
435 			    (last_aper_base && aper_base != last_aper_base)) {
436 				fix = 1;
437 				goto out;
438 			}
439 			last_aper_order = aper_order;
440 			last_aper_base = aper_base;
441 		}
442 	}
443 
444 out:
445 	if (!fix && !fallback_aper_force) {
446 		if (last_aper_base) {
447 			unsigned long n = (32 * 1024 * 1024) << last_aper_order;
448 
449 			insert_aperture_resource((u32)last_aper_base, n);
450 		}
451 		return;
452 	}
453 
454 	if (!fallback_aper_force) {
455 		aper_alloc = agp_aper_base;
456 		aper_order = agp_aper_order;
457 	}
458 
459 	if (aper_alloc) {
460 		/* Got the aperture from the AGP bridge */
461 	} else if (!valid_agp) {
462 		/* Do nothing */
463 	} else if ((!no_iommu && max_pfn > MAX_DMA32_PFN) ||
464 		   force_iommu ||
465 		   valid_agp ||
466 		   fallback_aper_force) {
467 		printk(KERN_INFO
468 			"Your BIOS doesn't leave a aperture memory hole\n");
469 		printk(KERN_INFO
470 			"Please enable the IOMMU option in the BIOS setup\n");
471 		printk(KERN_INFO
472 			"This costs you %d MB of RAM\n",
473 				32 << fallback_aper_order);
474 
475 		aper_order = fallback_aper_order;
476 		aper_alloc = allocate_aperture();
477 		if (!aper_alloc) {
478 			/*
479 			 * Could disable AGP and IOMMU here, but it's
480 			 * probably not worth it. But the later users
481 			 * cannot deal with bad apertures and turning
482 			 * on the aperture over memory causes very
483 			 * strange problems, so it's better to panic
484 			 * early.
485 			 */
486 			panic("Not enough memory for aperture");
487 		}
488 	} else {
489 		return;
490 	}
491 
492 	/* Fix up the north bridges */
493 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(bus_dev_ranges); i++) {
494 		int bus;
495 		int dev_base, dev_limit;
496 
497 		bus = bus_dev_ranges[i].bus;
498 		dev_base = bus_dev_ranges[i].dev_base;
499 		dev_limit = bus_dev_ranges[i].dev_limit;
500 		for (slot = dev_base; slot < dev_limit; slot++) {
501 			if (!early_is_k8_nb(read_pci_config(bus, slot, 3, 0x00)))
502 				continue;
503 
504 			/* Don't enable translation yet. That is done later.
505 			   Assume this BIOS didn't initialise the GART so
506 			   just overwrite all previous bits */
507 			write_pci_config(bus, slot, 3, AMD64_GARTAPERTURECTL, aper_order << 1);
508 			write_pci_config(bus, slot, 3, AMD64_GARTAPERTUREBASE, aper_alloc >> 25);
509 		}
510 	}
511 
512 	set_up_gart_resume(aper_order, aper_alloc);
513 }
514