xref: /linux/arch/x86/kernel/aperture_64.c (revision 18f90d372cf35b387663f1567de701e5393f6eb5)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
2 /*
3  * Firmware replacement code.
4  *
5  * Work around broken BIOSes that don't set an aperture, only set the
6  * aperture in the AGP bridge, or set too small aperture.
7  *
8  * If all fails map the aperture over some low memory.  This is cheaper than
9  * doing bounce buffering. The memory is lost. This is done at early boot
10  * because only the bootmem allocator can allocate 32+MB.
11  *
12  * Copyright 2002 Andi Kleen, SuSE Labs.
13  */
14 #define pr_fmt(fmt) "AGP: " fmt
15 
16 #include <linux/kernel.h>
17 #include <linux/kcore.h>
18 #include <linux/types.h>
19 #include <linux/init.h>
20 #include <linux/memblock.h>
21 #include <linux/mmzone.h>
22 #include <linux/pci_ids.h>
23 #include <linux/pci.h>
24 #include <linux/bitops.h>
25 #include <linux/suspend.h>
26 #include <asm/e820/api.h>
27 #include <asm/io.h>
28 #include <asm/iommu.h>
29 #include <asm/gart.h>
30 #include <asm/pci-direct.h>
31 #include <asm/dma.h>
32 #include <asm/amd_nb.h>
33 #include <asm/x86_init.h>
34 #include <linux/crash_dump.h>
35 
36 /*
37  * Using 512M as goal, in case kexec will load kernel_big
38  * that will do the on-position decompress, and could overlap with
39  * with the gart aperture that is used.
40  * Sequence:
41  * kernel_small
42  * ==> kexec (with kdump trigger path or gart still enabled)
43  * ==> kernel_small (gart area become e820_reserved)
44  * ==> kexec (with kdump trigger path or gart still enabled)
45  * ==> kerne_big (uncompressed size will be big than 64M or 128M)
46  * So don't use 512M below as gart iommu, leave the space for kernel
47  * code for safe.
48  */
49 #define GART_MIN_ADDR	(512ULL << 20)
50 #define GART_MAX_ADDR	(1ULL   << 32)
51 
52 int gart_iommu_aperture;
53 int gart_iommu_aperture_disabled __initdata;
54 int gart_iommu_aperture_allowed __initdata;
55 
56 int fallback_aper_order __initdata = 1; /* 64MB */
57 int fallback_aper_force __initdata;
58 
59 int fix_aperture __initdata = 1;
60 
61 #if defined(CONFIG_PROC_VMCORE) || defined(CONFIG_PROC_KCORE)
62 /*
63  * If the first kernel maps the aperture over e820 RAM, the kdump kernel will
64  * use the same range because it will remain configured in the northbridge.
65  * Trying to dump this area via /proc/vmcore may crash the machine, so exclude
66  * it from vmcore.
67  */
68 static unsigned long aperture_pfn_start, aperture_page_count;
69 
70 static int gart_mem_pfn_is_ram(unsigned long pfn)
71 {
72 	return likely((pfn < aperture_pfn_start) ||
73 		      (pfn >= aperture_pfn_start + aperture_page_count));
74 }
75 
76 static void __init exclude_from_core(u64 aper_base, u32 aper_order)
77 {
78 	aperture_pfn_start = aper_base >> PAGE_SHIFT;
79 	aperture_page_count = (32 * 1024 * 1024) << aper_order >> PAGE_SHIFT;
80 #ifdef CONFIG_PROC_VMCORE
81 	WARN_ON(register_oldmem_pfn_is_ram(&gart_mem_pfn_is_ram));
82 #endif
83 #ifdef CONFIG_PROC_KCORE
84 	WARN_ON(register_mem_pfn_is_ram(&gart_mem_pfn_is_ram));
85 #endif
86 }
87 #else
88 static void exclude_from_core(u64 aper_base, u32 aper_order)
89 {
90 }
91 #endif
92 
93 /* This code runs before the PCI subsystem is initialized, so just
94    access the northbridge directly. */
95 
96 static u32 __init allocate_aperture(void)
97 {
98 	u32 aper_size;
99 	unsigned long addr;
100 
101 	/* aper_size should <= 1G */
102 	if (fallback_aper_order > 5)
103 		fallback_aper_order = 5;
104 	aper_size = (32 * 1024 * 1024) << fallback_aper_order;
105 
106 	/*
107 	 * Aperture has to be naturally aligned. This means a 2GB aperture
108 	 * won't have much chance of finding a place in the lower 4GB of
109 	 * memory. Unfortunately we cannot move it up because that would
110 	 * make the IOMMU useless.
111 	 */
112 	addr = memblock_find_in_range(GART_MIN_ADDR, GART_MAX_ADDR,
113 				      aper_size, aper_size);
114 	if (!addr) {
115 		pr_err("Cannot allocate aperture memory hole [mem %#010lx-%#010lx] (%uKB)\n",
116 		       addr, addr + aper_size - 1, aper_size >> 10);
117 		return 0;
118 	}
119 	memblock_reserve(addr, aper_size);
120 	pr_info("Mapping aperture over RAM [mem %#010lx-%#010lx] (%uKB)\n",
121 		addr, addr + aper_size - 1, aper_size >> 10);
122 	register_nosave_region(addr >> PAGE_SHIFT,
123 			       (addr+aper_size) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
124 
125 	return (u32)addr;
126 }
127 
128 
129 /* Find a PCI capability */
130 static u32 __init find_cap(int bus, int slot, int func, int cap)
131 {
132 	int bytes;
133 	u8 pos;
134 
135 	if (!(read_pci_config_16(bus, slot, func, PCI_STATUS) &
136 						PCI_STATUS_CAP_LIST))
137 		return 0;
138 
139 	pos = read_pci_config_byte(bus, slot, func, PCI_CAPABILITY_LIST);
140 	for (bytes = 0; bytes < 48 && pos >= 0x40; bytes++) {
141 		u8 id;
142 
143 		pos &= ~3;
144 		id = read_pci_config_byte(bus, slot, func, pos+PCI_CAP_LIST_ID);
145 		if (id == 0xff)
146 			break;
147 		if (id == cap)
148 			return pos;
149 		pos = read_pci_config_byte(bus, slot, func,
150 						pos+PCI_CAP_LIST_NEXT);
151 	}
152 	return 0;
153 }
154 
155 /* Read a standard AGPv3 bridge header */
156 static u32 __init read_agp(int bus, int slot, int func, int cap, u32 *order)
157 {
158 	u32 apsize;
159 	u32 apsizereg;
160 	int nbits;
161 	u32 aper_low, aper_hi;
162 	u64 aper;
163 	u32 old_order;
164 
165 	pr_info("pci 0000:%02x:%02x:%02x: AGP bridge\n", bus, slot, func);
166 	apsizereg = read_pci_config_16(bus, slot, func, cap + 0x14);
167 	if (apsizereg == 0xffffffff) {
168 		pr_err("pci 0000:%02x:%02x.%d: APSIZE unreadable\n",
169 		       bus, slot, func);
170 		return 0;
171 	}
172 
173 	/* old_order could be the value from NB gart setting */
174 	old_order = *order;
175 
176 	apsize = apsizereg & 0xfff;
177 	/* Some BIOS use weird encodings not in the AGPv3 table. */
178 	if (apsize & 0xff)
179 		apsize |= 0xf00;
180 	nbits = hweight16(apsize);
181 	*order = 7 - nbits;
182 	if ((int)*order < 0) /* < 32MB */
183 		*order = 0;
184 
185 	aper_low = read_pci_config(bus, slot, func, 0x10);
186 	aper_hi = read_pci_config(bus, slot, func, 0x14);
187 	aper = (aper_low & ~((1<<22)-1)) | ((u64)aper_hi << 32);
188 
189 	/*
190 	 * On some sick chips, APSIZE is 0. It means it wants 4G
191 	 * so let double check that order, and lets trust AMD NB settings:
192 	 */
193 	pr_info("pci 0000:%02x:%02x.%d: AGP aperture [bus addr %#010Lx-%#010Lx] (old size %uMB)\n",
194 		bus, slot, func, aper, aper + (32ULL << (old_order + 20)) - 1,
195 		32 << old_order);
196 	if (aper + (32ULL<<(20 + *order)) > 0x100000000ULL) {
197 		pr_info("pci 0000:%02x:%02x.%d: AGP aperture size %uMB (APSIZE %#x) is not right, using settings from NB\n",
198 			bus, slot, func, 32 << *order, apsizereg);
199 		*order = old_order;
200 	}
201 
202 	pr_info("pci 0000:%02x:%02x.%d: AGP aperture [bus addr %#010Lx-%#010Lx] (%uMB, APSIZE %#x)\n",
203 		bus, slot, func, aper, aper + (32ULL << (*order + 20)) - 1,
204 		32 << *order, apsizereg);
205 
206 	if (!aperture_valid(aper, (32*1024*1024) << *order, 32<<20))
207 		return 0;
208 	return (u32)aper;
209 }
210 
211 /*
212  * Look for an AGP bridge. Windows only expects the aperture in the
213  * AGP bridge and some BIOS forget to initialize the Northbridge too.
214  * Work around this here.
215  *
216  * Do an PCI bus scan by hand because we're running before the PCI
217  * subsystem.
218  *
219  * All AMD AGP bridges are AGPv3 compliant, so we can do this scan
220  * generically. It's probably overkill to always scan all slots because
221  * the AGP bridges should be always an own bus on the HT hierarchy,
222  * but do it here for future safety.
223  */
224 static u32 __init search_agp_bridge(u32 *order, int *valid_agp)
225 {
226 	int bus, slot, func;
227 
228 	/* Poor man's PCI discovery */
229 	for (bus = 0; bus < 256; bus++) {
230 		for (slot = 0; slot < 32; slot++) {
231 			for (func = 0; func < 8; func++) {
232 				u32 class, cap;
233 				u8 type;
234 				class = read_pci_config(bus, slot, func,
235 							PCI_CLASS_REVISION);
236 				if (class == 0xffffffff)
237 					break;
238 
239 				switch (class >> 16) {
240 				case PCI_CLASS_BRIDGE_HOST:
241 				case PCI_CLASS_BRIDGE_OTHER: /* needed? */
242 					/* AGP bridge? */
243 					cap = find_cap(bus, slot, func,
244 							PCI_CAP_ID_AGP);
245 					if (!cap)
246 						break;
247 					*valid_agp = 1;
248 					return read_agp(bus, slot, func, cap,
249 							order);
250 				}
251 
252 				/* No multi-function device? */
253 				type = read_pci_config_byte(bus, slot, func,
254 							       PCI_HEADER_TYPE);
255 				if (!(type & 0x80))
256 					break;
257 			}
258 		}
259 	}
260 	pr_info("No AGP bridge found\n");
261 
262 	return 0;
263 }
264 
265 static bool gart_fix_e820 __initdata = true;
266 
267 static int __init parse_gart_mem(char *p)
268 {
269 	return kstrtobool(p, &gart_fix_e820);
270 }
271 early_param("gart_fix_e820", parse_gart_mem);
272 
273 /*
274  * With kexec/kdump, if the first kernel doesn't shut down the GART and the
275  * second kernel allocates a different GART region, there might be two
276  * overlapping GART regions present:
277  *
278  * - the first still used by the GART initialized in the first kernel.
279  * - (sub-)set of it used as normal RAM by the second kernel.
280  *
281  * which leads to memory corruptions and a kernel panic eventually.
282  *
283  * This can also happen if the BIOS has forgotten to mark the GART region
284  * as reserved.
285  *
286  * Try to update the e820 map to mark that new region as reserved.
287  */
288 void __init early_gart_iommu_check(void)
289 {
290 	u32 agp_aper_order = 0;
291 	int i, fix, slot, valid_agp = 0;
292 	u32 ctl;
293 	u32 aper_size = 0, aper_order = 0, last_aper_order = 0;
294 	u64 aper_base = 0, last_aper_base = 0;
295 	int aper_enabled = 0, last_aper_enabled = 0, last_valid = 0;
296 
297 	if (!amd_gart_present())
298 		return;
299 
300 	if (!early_pci_allowed())
301 		return;
302 
303 	/* This is mostly duplicate of iommu_hole_init */
304 	search_agp_bridge(&agp_aper_order, &valid_agp);
305 
306 	fix = 0;
307 	for (i = 0; amd_nb_bus_dev_ranges[i].dev_limit; i++) {
308 		int bus;
309 		int dev_base, dev_limit;
310 
311 		bus = amd_nb_bus_dev_ranges[i].bus;
312 		dev_base = amd_nb_bus_dev_ranges[i].dev_base;
313 		dev_limit = amd_nb_bus_dev_ranges[i].dev_limit;
314 
315 		for (slot = dev_base; slot < dev_limit; slot++) {
316 			if (!early_is_amd_nb(read_pci_config(bus, slot, 3, 0x00)))
317 				continue;
318 
319 			ctl = read_pci_config(bus, slot, 3, AMD64_GARTAPERTURECTL);
320 			aper_enabled = ctl & GARTEN;
321 			aper_order = (ctl >> 1) & 7;
322 			aper_size = (32 * 1024 * 1024) << aper_order;
323 			aper_base = read_pci_config(bus, slot, 3, AMD64_GARTAPERTUREBASE) & 0x7fff;
324 			aper_base <<= 25;
325 
326 			if (last_valid) {
327 				if ((aper_order != last_aper_order) ||
328 				    (aper_base != last_aper_base) ||
329 				    (aper_enabled != last_aper_enabled)) {
330 					fix = 1;
331 					break;
332 				}
333 			}
334 
335 			last_aper_order = aper_order;
336 			last_aper_base = aper_base;
337 			last_aper_enabled = aper_enabled;
338 			last_valid = 1;
339 		}
340 	}
341 
342 	if (!fix && !aper_enabled)
343 		return;
344 
345 	if (!aper_base || !aper_size || aper_base + aper_size > 0x100000000UL)
346 		fix = 1;
347 
348 	if (gart_fix_e820 && !fix && aper_enabled) {
349 		if (e820__mapped_any(aper_base, aper_base + aper_size,
350 				    E820_TYPE_RAM)) {
351 			/* reserve it, so we can reuse it in second kernel */
352 			pr_info("e820: reserve [mem %#010Lx-%#010Lx] for GART\n",
353 				aper_base, aper_base + aper_size - 1);
354 			e820__range_add(aper_base, aper_size, E820_TYPE_RESERVED);
355 			e820__update_table_print();
356 		}
357 	}
358 
359 	if (valid_agp)
360 		return;
361 
362 	/* disable them all at first */
363 	for (i = 0; i < amd_nb_bus_dev_ranges[i].dev_limit; i++) {
364 		int bus;
365 		int dev_base, dev_limit;
366 
367 		bus = amd_nb_bus_dev_ranges[i].bus;
368 		dev_base = amd_nb_bus_dev_ranges[i].dev_base;
369 		dev_limit = amd_nb_bus_dev_ranges[i].dev_limit;
370 
371 		for (slot = dev_base; slot < dev_limit; slot++) {
372 			if (!early_is_amd_nb(read_pci_config(bus, slot, 3, 0x00)))
373 				continue;
374 
375 			ctl = read_pci_config(bus, slot, 3, AMD64_GARTAPERTURECTL);
376 			ctl &= ~GARTEN;
377 			write_pci_config(bus, slot, 3, AMD64_GARTAPERTURECTL, ctl);
378 		}
379 	}
380 
381 }
382 
383 static int __initdata printed_gart_size_msg;
384 
385 int __init gart_iommu_hole_init(void)
386 {
387 	u32 agp_aper_base = 0, agp_aper_order = 0;
388 	u32 aper_size, aper_alloc = 0, aper_order = 0, last_aper_order = 0;
389 	u64 aper_base, last_aper_base = 0;
390 	int fix, slot, valid_agp = 0;
391 	int i, node;
392 
393 	if (!amd_gart_present())
394 		return -ENODEV;
395 
396 	if (gart_iommu_aperture_disabled || !fix_aperture ||
397 	    !early_pci_allowed())
398 		return -ENODEV;
399 
400 	pr_info("Checking aperture...\n");
401 
402 	if (!fallback_aper_force)
403 		agp_aper_base = search_agp_bridge(&agp_aper_order, &valid_agp);
404 
405 	fix = 0;
406 	node = 0;
407 	for (i = 0; i < amd_nb_bus_dev_ranges[i].dev_limit; i++) {
408 		int bus;
409 		int dev_base, dev_limit;
410 		u32 ctl;
411 
412 		bus = amd_nb_bus_dev_ranges[i].bus;
413 		dev_base = amd_nb_bus_dev_ranges[i].dev_base;
414 		dev_limit = amd_nb_bus_dev_ranges[i].dev_limit;
415 
416 		for (slot = dev_base; slot < dev_limit; slot++) {
417 			if (!early_is_amd_nb(read_pci_config(bus, slot, 3, 0x00)))
418 				continue;
419 
420 			iommu_detected = 1;
421 			gart_iommu_aperture = 1;
422 			x86_init.iommu.iommu_init = gart_iommu_init;
423 
424 			ctl = read_pci_config(bus, slot, 3,
425 					      AMD64_GARTAPERTURECTL);
426 
427 			/*
428 			 * Before we do anything else disable the GART. It may
429 			 * still be enabled if we boot into a crash-kernel here.
430 			 * Reconfiguring the GART while it is enabled could have
431 			 * unknown side-effects.
432 			 */
433 			ctl &= ~GARTEN;
434 			write_pci_config(bus, slot, 3, AMD64_GARTAPERTURECTL, ctl);
435 
436 			aper_order = (ctl >> 1) & 7;
437 			aper_size = (32 * 1024 * 1024) << aper_order;
438 			aper_base = read_pci_config(bus, slot, 3, AMD64_GARTAPERTUREBASE) & 0x7fff;
439 			aper_base <<= 25;
440 
441 			pr_info("Node %d: aperture [bus addr %#010Lx-%#010Lx] (%uMB)\n",
442 				node, aper_base, aper_base + aper_size - 1,
443 				aper_size >> 20);
444 			node++;
445 
446 			if (!aperture_valid(aper_base, aper_size, 64<<20)) {
447 				if (valid_agp && agp_aper_base &&
448 				    agp_aper_base == aper_base &&
449 				    agp_aper_order == aper_order) {
450 					/* the same between two setting from NB and agp */
451 					if (!no_iommu &&
452 					    max_pfn > MAX_DMA32_PFN &&
453 					    !printed_gart_size_msg) {
454 						pr_err("you are using iommu with agp, but GART size is less than 64MB\n");
455 						pr_err("please increase GART size in your BIOS setup\n");
456 						pr_err("if BIOS doesn't have that option, contact your HW vendor!\n");
457 						printed_gart_size_msg = 1;
458 					}
459 				} else {
460 					fix = 1;
461 					goto out;
462 				}
463 			}
464 
465 			if ((last_aper_order && aper_order != last_aper_order) ||
466 			    (last_aper_base && aper_base != last_aper_base)) {
467 				fix = 1;
468 				goto out;
469 			}
470 			last_aper_order = aper_order;
471 			last_aper_base = aper_base;
472 		}
473 	}
474 
475 out:
476 	if (!fix && !fallback_aper_force) {
477 		if (last_aper_base) {
478 			/*
479 			 * If this is the kdump kernel, the first kernel
480 			 * may have allocated the range over its e820 RAM
481 			 * and fixed up the northbridge
482 			 */
483 			exclude_from_core(last_aper_base, last_aper_order);
484 
485 			return 1;
486 		}
487 		return 0;
488 	}
489 
490 	if (!fallback_aper_force) {
491 		aper_alloc = agp_aper_base;
492 		aper_order = agp_aper_order;
493 	}
494 
495 	if (aper_alloc) {
496 		/* Got the aperture from the AGP bridge */
497 	} else if ((!no_iommu && max_pfn > MAX_DMA32_PFN) ||
498 		   force_iommu ||
499 		   valid_agp ||
500 		   fallback_aper_force) {
501 		pr_info("Your BIOS doesn't leave an aperture memory hole\n");
502 		pr_info("Please enable the IOMMU option in the BIOS setup\n");
503 		pr_info("This costs you %dMB of RAM\n",
504 			32 << fallback_aper_order);
505 
506 		aper_order = fallback_aper_order;
507 		aper_alloc = allocate_aperture();
508 		if (!aper_alloc) {
509 			/*
510 			 * Could disable AGP and IOMMU here, but it's
511 			 * probably not worth it. But the later users
512 			 * cannot deal with bad apertures and turning
513 			 * on the aperture over memory causes very
514 			 * strange problems, so it's better to panic
515 			 * early.
516 			 */
517 			panic("Not enough memory for aperture");
518 		}
519 	} else {
520 		return 0;
521 	}
522 
523 	/*
524 	 * If this is the kdump kernel _and_ the first kernel did not
525 	 * configure the aperture in the northbridge, this range may
526 	 * overlap with the first kernel's memory. We can't access the
527 	 * range through vmcore even though it should be part of the dump.
528 	 */
529 	exclude_from_core(aper_alloc, aper_order);
530 
531 	/* Fix up the north bridges */
532 	for (i = 0; i < amd_nb_bus_dev_ranges[i].dev_limit; i++) {
533 		int bus, dev_base, dev_limit;
534 
535 		/*
536 		 * Don't enable translation yet but enable GART IO and CPU
537 		 * accesses and set DISTLBWALKPRB since GART table memory is UC.
538 		 */
539 		u32 ctl = aper_order << 1;
540 
541 		bus = amd_nb_bus_dev_ranges[i].bus;
542 		dev_base = amd_nb_bus_dev_ranges[i].dev_base;
543 		dev_limit = amd_nb_bus_dev_ranges[i].dev_limit;
544 		for (slot = dev_base; slot < dev_limit; slot++) {
545 			if (!early_is_amd_nb(read_pci_config(bus, slot, 3, 0x00)))
546 				continue;
547 
548 			write_pci_config(bus, slot, 3, AMD64_GARTAPERTURECTL, ctl);
549 			write_pci_config(bus, slot, 3, AMD64_GARTAPERTUREBASE, aper_alloc >> 25);
550 		}
551 	}
552 
553 	set_up_gart_resume(aper_order, aper_alloc);
554 
555 	return 1;
556 }
557