xref: /linux/arch/x86/include/asm/msr.h (revision 64b14a184e83eb62ea0615e31a409956049d40e7)
1 /* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
2 #ifndef _ASM_X86_MSR_H
3 #define _ASM_X86_MSR_H
4 
5 #include "msr-index.h"
6 
7 #ifndef __ASSEMBLY__
8 
9 #include <asm/asm.h>
10 #include <asm/errno.h>
11 #include <asm/cpumask.h>
12 #include <uapi/asm/msr.h>
13 
14 struct msr {
15 	union {
16 		struct {
17 			u32 l;
18 			u32 h;
19 		};
20 		u64 q;
21 	};
22 };
23 
24 struct msr_info {
25 	u32 msr_no;
26 	struct msr reg;
27 	struct msr *msrs;
28 	int err;
29 };
30 
31 struct msr_regs_info {
32 	u32 *regs;
33 	int err;
34 };
35 
36 struct saved_msr {
37 	bool valid;
38 	struct msr_info info;
39 };
40 
41 struct saved_msrs {
42 	unsigned int num;
43 	struct saved_msr *array;
44 };
45 
46 /*
47  * both i386 and x86_64 returns 64-bit value in edx:eax, but gcc's "A"
48  * constraint has different meanings. For i386, "A" means exactly
49  * edx:eax, while for x86_64 it doesn't mean rdx:rax or edx:eax. Instead,
50  * it means rax *or* rdx.
51  */
52 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
53 /* Using 64-bit values saves one instruction clearing the high half of low */
54 #define DECLARE_ARGS(val, low, high)	unsigned long low, high
55 #define EAX_EDX_VAL(val, low, high)	((low) | (high) << 32)
56 #define EAX_EDX_RET(val, low, high)	"=a" (low), "=d" (high)
57 #else
58 #define DECLARE_ARGS(val, low, high)	unsigned long long val
59 #define EAX_EDX_VAL(val, low, high)	(val)
60 #define EAX_EDX_RET(val, low, high)	"=A" (val)
61 #endif
62 
63 /*
64  * Be very careful with includes. This header is prone to include loops.
65  */
66 #include <asm/atomic.h>
67 #include <linux/tracepoint-defs.h>
68 
69 #ifdef CONFIG_TRACEPOINTS
70 DECLARE_TRACEPOINT(read_msr);
71 DECLARE_TRACEPOINT(write_msr);
72 DECLARE_TRACEPOINT(rdpmc);
73 extern void do_trace_write_msr(unsigned int msr, u64 val, int failed);
74 extern void do_trace_read_msr(unsigned int msr, u64 val, int failed);
75 extern void do_trace_rdpmc(unsigned int msr, u64 val, int failed);
76 #else
77 static inline void do_trace_write_msr(unsigned int msr, u64 val, int failed) {}
78 static inline void do_trace_read_msr(unsigned int msr, u64 val, int failed) {}
79 static inline void do_trace_rdpmc(unsigned int msr, u64 val, int failed) {}
80 #endif
81 
82 /*
83  * __rdmsr() and __wrmsr() are the two primitives which are the bare minimum MSR
84  * accessors and should not have any tracing or other functionality piggybacking
85  * on them - those are *purely* for accessing MSRs and nothing more. So don't even
86  * think of extending them - you will be slapped with a stinking trout or a frozen
87  * shark will reach you, wherever you are! You've been warned.
88  */
89 static __always_inline unsigned long long __rdmsr(unsigned int msr)
90 {
91 	DECLARE_ARGS(val, low, high);
92 
93 	asm volatile("1: rdmsr\n"
94 		     "2:\n"
95 		     _ASM_EXTABLE_TYPE(1b, 2b, EX_TYPE_RDMSR)
96 		     : EAX_EDX_RET(val, low, high) : "c" (msr));
97 
98 	return EAX_EDX_VAL(val, low, high);
99 }
100 
101 static __always_inline void __wrmsr(unsigned int msr, u32 low, u32 high)
102 {
103 	asm volatile("1: wrmsr\n"
104 		     "2:\n"
105 		     _ASM_EXTABLE_TYPE(1b, 2b, EX_TYPE_WRMSR)
106 		     : : "c" (msr), "a"(low), "d" (high) : "memory");
107 }
108 
109 #define native_rdmsr(msr, val1, val2)			\
110 do {							\
111 	u64 __val = __rdmsr((msr));			\
112 	(void)((val1) = (u32)__val);			\
113 	(void)((val2) = (u32)(__val >> 32));		\
114 } while (0)
115 
116 #define native_wrmsr(msr, low, high)			\
117 	__wrmsr(msr, low, high)
118 
119 #define native_wrmsrl(msr, val)				\
120 	__wrmsr((msr), (u32)((u64)(val)),		\
121 		       (u32)((u64)(val) >> 32))
122 
123 static inline unsigned long long native_read_msr(unsigned int msr)
124 {
125 	unsigned long long val;
126 
127 	val = __rdmsr(msr);
128 
129 	if (tracepoint_enabled(read_msr))
130 		do_trace_read_msr(msr, val, 0);
131 
132 	return val;
133 }
134 
135 static inline unsigned long long native_read_msr_safe(unsigned int msr,
136 						      int *err)
137 {
138 	DECLARE_ARGS(val, low, high);
139 
140 	asm volatile("1: rdmsr ; xor %[err],%[err]\n"
141 		     "2:\n\t"
142 		     _ASM_EXTABLE_TYPE_REG(1b, 2b, EX_TYPE_RDMSR_SAFE, %[err])
143 		     : [err] "=r" (*err), EAX_EDX_RET(val, low, high)
144 		     : "c" (msr));
145 	if (tracepoint_enabled(read_msr))
146 		do_trace_read_msr(msr, EAX_EDX_VAL(val, low, high), *err);
147 	return EAX_EDX_VAL(val, low, high);
148 }
149 
150 /* Can be uninlined because referenced by paravirt */
151 static inline void notrace
152 native_write_msr(unsigned int msr, u32 low, u32 high)
153 {
154 	__wrmsr(msr, low, high);
155 
156 	if (tracepoint_enabled(write_msr))
157 		do_trace_write_msr(msr, ((u64)high << 32 | low), 0);
158 }
159 
160 /* Can be uninlined because referenced by paravirt */
161 static inline int notrace
162 native_write_msr_safe(unsigned int msr, u32 low, u32 high)
163 {
164 	int err;
165 
166 	asm volatile("1: wrmsr ; xor %[err],%[err]\n"
167 		     "2:\n\t"
168 		     _ASM_EXTABLE_TYPE_REG(1b, 2b, EX_TYPE_WRMSR_SAFE, %[err])
169 		     : [err] "=a" (err)
170 		     : "c" (msr), "0" (low), "d" (high)
171 		     : "memory");
172 	if (tracepoint_enabled(write_msr))
173 		do_trace_write_msr(msr, ((u64)high << 32 | low), err);
174 	return err;
175 }
176 
177 extern int rdmsr_safe_regs(u32 regs[8]);
178 extern int wrmsr_safe_regs(u32 regs[8]);
179 
180 /**
181  * rdtsc() - returns the current TSC without ordering constraints
182  *
183  * rdtsc() returns the result of RDTSC as a 64-bit integer.  The
184  * only ordering constraint it supplies is the ordering implied by
185  * "asm volatile": it will put the RDTSC in the place you expect.  The
186  * CPU can and will speculatively execute that RDTSC, though, so the
187  * results can be non-monotonic if compared on different CPUs.
188  */
189 static __always_inline unsigned long long rdtsc(void)
190 {
191 	DECLARE_ARGS(val, low, high);
192 
193 	asm volatile("rdtsc" : EAX_EDX_RET(val, low, high));
194 
195 	return EAX_EDX_VAL(val, low, high);
196 }
197 
198 /**
199  * rdtsc_ordered() - read the current TSC in program order
200  *
201  * rdtsc_ordered() returns the result of RDTSC as a 64-bit integer.
202  * It is ordered like a load to a global in-memory counter.  It should
203  * be impossible to observe non-monotonic rdtsc_unordered() behavior
204  * across multiple CPUs as long as the TSC is synced.
205  */
206 static __always_inline unsigned long long rdtsc_ordered(void)
207 {
208 	DECLARE_ARGS(val, low, high);
209 
210 	/*
211 	 * The RDTSC instruction is not ordered relative to memory
212 	 * access.  The Intel SDM and the AMD APM are both vague on this
213 	 * point, but empirically an RDTSC instruction can be
214 	 * speculatively executed before prior loads.  An RDTSC
215 	 * immediately after an appropriate barrier appears to be
216 	 * ordered as a normal load, that is, it provides the same
217 	 * ordering guarantees as reading from a global memory location
218 	 * that some other imaginary CPU is updating continuously with a
219 	 * time stamp.
220 	 *
221 	 * Thus, use the preferred barrier on the respective CPU, aiming for
222 	 * RDTSCP as the default.
223 	 */
224 	asm volatile(ALTERNATIVE_2("rdtsc",
225 				   "lfence; rdtsc", X86_FEATURE_LFENCE_RDTSC,
226 				   "rdtscp", X86_FEATURE_RDTSCP)
227 			: EAX_EDX_RET(val, low, high)
228 			/* RDTSCP clobbers ECX with MSR_TSC_AUX. */
229 			:: "ecx");
230 
231 	return EAX_EDX_VAL(val, low, high);
232 }
233 
234 static inline unsigned long long native_read_pmc(int counter)
235 {
236 	DECLARE_ARGS(val, low, high);
237 
238 	asm volatile("rdpmc" : EAX_EDX_RET(val, low, high) : "c" (counter));
239 	if (tracepoint_enabled(rdpmc))
240 		do_trace_rdpmc(counter, EAX_EDX_VAL(val, low, high), 0);
241 	return EAX_EDX_VAL(val, low, high);
242 }
243 
244 #ifdef CONFIG_PARAVIRT_XXL
245 #include <asm/paravirt.h>
246 #else
247 #include <linux/errno.h>
248 /*
249  * Access to machine-specific registers (available on 586 and better only)
250  * Note: the rd* operations modify the parameters directly (without using
251  * pointer indirection), this allows gcc to optimize better
252  */
253 
254 #define rdmsr(msr, low, high)					\
255 do {								\
256 	u64 __val = native_read_msr((msr));			\
257 	(void)((low) = (u32)__val);				\
258 	(void)((high) = (u32)(__val >> 32));			\
259 } while (0)
260 
261 static inline void wrmsr(unsigned int msr, u32 low, u32 high)
262 {
263 	native_write_msr(msr, low, high);
264 }
265 
266 #define rdmsrl(msr, val)			\
267 	((val) = native_read_msr((msr)))
268 
269 static inline void wrmsrl(unsigned int msr, u64 val)
270 {
271 	native_write_msr(msr, (u32)(val & 0xffffffffULL), (u32)(val >> 32));
272 }
273 
274 /* wrmsr with exception handling */
275 static inline int wrmsr_safe(unsigned int msr, u32 low, u32 high)
276 {
277 	return native_write_msr_safe(msr, low, high);
278 }
279 
280 /* rdmsr with exception handling */
281 #define rdmsr_safe(msr, low, high)				\
282 ({								\
283 	int __err;						\
284 	u64 __val = native_read_msr_safe((msr), &__err);	\
285 	(*low) = (u32)__val;					\
286 	(*high) = (u32)(__val >> 32);				\
287 	__err;							\
288 })
289 
290 static inline int rdmsrl_safe(unsigned int msr, unsigned long long *p)
291 {
292 	int err;
293 
294 	*p = native_read_msr_safe(msr, &err);
295 	return err;
296 }
297 
298 #define rdpmc(counter, low, high)			\
299 do {							\
300 	u64 _l = native_read_pmc((counter));		\
301 	(low)  = (u32)_l;				\
302 	(high) = (u32)(_l >> 32);			\
303 } while (0)
304 
305 #define rdpmcl(counter, val) ((val) = native_read_pmc(counter))
306 
307 #endif	/* !CONFIG_PARAVIRT_XXL */
308 
309 /*
310  * 64-bit version of wrmsr_safe():
311  */
312 static inline int wrmsrl_safe(u32 msr, u64 val)
313 {
314 	return wrmsr_safe(msr, (u32)val,  (u32)(val >> 32));
315 }
316 
317 struct msr *msrs_alloc(void);
318 void msrs_free(struct msr *msrs);
319 int msr_set_bit(u32 msr, u8 bit);
320 int msr_clear_bit(u32 msr, u8 bit);
321 
322 #ifdef CONFIG_SMP
323 int rdmsr_on_cpu(unsigned int cpu, u32 msr_no, u32 *l, u32 *h);
324 int wrmsr_on_cpu(unsigned int cpu, u32 msr_no, u32 l, u32 h);
325 int rdmsrl_on_cpu(unsigned int cpu, u32 msr_no, u64 *q);
326 int wrmsrl_on_cpu(unsigned int cpu, u32 msr_no, u64 q);
327 void rdmsr_on_cpus(const struct cpumask *mask, u32 msr_no, struct msr *msrs);
328 void wrmsr_on_cpus(const struct cpumask *mask, u32 msr_no, struct msr *msrs);
329 int rdmsr_safe_on_cpu(unsigned int cpu, u32 msr_no, u32 *l, u32 *h);
330 int wrmsr_safe_on_cpu(unsigned int cpu, u32 msr_no, u32 l, u32 h);
331 int rdmsrl_safe_on_cpu(unsigned int cpu, u32 msr_no, u64 *q);
332 int wrmsrl_safe_on_cpu(unsigned int cpu, u32 msr_no, u64 q);
333 int rdmsr_safe_regs_on_cpu(unsigned int cpu, u32 regs[8]);
334 int wrmsr_safe_regs_on_cpu(unsigned int cpu, u32 regs[8]);
335 #else  /*  CONFIG_SMP  */
336 static inline int rdmsr_on_cpu(unsigned int cpu, u32 msr_no, u32 *l, u32 *h)
337 {
338 	rdmsr(msr_no, *l, *h);
339 	return 0;
340 }
341 static inline int wrmsr_on_cpu(unsigned int cpu, u32 msr_no, u32 l, u32 h)
342 {
343 	wrmsr(msr_no, l, h);
344 	return 0;
345 }
346 static inline int rdmsrl_on_cpu(unsigned int cpu, u32 msr_no, u64 *q)
347 {
348 	rdmsrl(msr_no, *q);
349 	return 0;
350 }
351 static inline int wrmsrl_on_cpu(unsigned int cpu, u32 msr_no, u64 q)
352 {
353 	wrmsrl(msr_no, q);
354 	return 0;
355 }
356 static inline void rdmsr_on_cpus(const struct cpumask *m, u32 msr_no,
357 				struct msr *msrs)
358 {
359 	rdmsr_on_cpu(0, msr_no, &(msrs[0].l), &(msrs[0].h));
360 }
361 static inline void wrmsr_on_cpus(const struct cpumask *m, u32 msr_no,
362 				struct msr *msrs)
363 {
364 	wrmsr_on_cpu(0, msr_no, msrs[0].l, msrs[0].h);
365 }
366 static inline int rdmsr_safe_on_cpu(unsigned int cpu, u32 msr_no,
367 				    u32 *l, u32 *h)
368 {
369 	return rdmsr_safe(msr_no, l, h);
370 }
371 static inline int wrmsr_safe_on_cpu(unsigned int cpu, u32 msr_no, u32 l, u32 h)
372 {
373 	return wrmsr_safe(msr_no, l, h);
374 }
375 static inline int rdmsrl_safe_on_cpu(unsigned int cpu, u32 msr_no, u64 *q)
376 {
377 	return rdmsrl_safe(msr_no, q);
378 }
379 static inline int wrmsrl_safe_on_cpu(unsigned int cpu, u32 msr_no, u64 q)
380 {
381 	return wrmsrl_safe(msr_no, q);
382 }
383 static inline int rdmsr_safe_regs_on_cpu(unsigned int cpu, u32 regs[8])
384 {
385 	return rdmsr_safe_regs(regs);
386 }
387 static inline int wrmsr_safe_regs_on_cpu(unsigned int cpu, u32 regs[8])
388 {
389 	return wrmsr_safe_regs(regs);
390 }
391 #endif  /* CONFIG_SMP */
392 #endif /* __ASSEMBLY__ */
393 #endif /* _ASM_X86_MSR_H */
394