xref: /linux/arch/x86/include/asm/insn.h (revision 40d269c000bda9fcd276a0412a9cebd3f6e344c5)
1 /* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later */
2 #ifndef _ASM_X86_INSN_H
3 #define _ASM_X86_INSN_H
4 /*
5  * x86 instruction analysis
6  *
7  * Copyright (C) IBM Corporation, 2009
8  */
9 
10 #include <asm/byteorder.h>
11 /* insn_attr_t is defined in inat.h */
12 #include <asm/inat.h> /* __ignore_sync_check__ */
13 
14 #if defined(__BYTE_ORDER) ? __BYTE_ORDER == __LITTLE_ENDIAN : defined(__LITTLE_ENDIAN)
15 
16 struct insn_field {
17 	union {
18 		insn_value_t value;
19 		insn_byte_t bytes[4];
20 	};
21 	/* !0 if we've run insn_get_xxx() for this field */
22 	unsigned char got;
23 	unsigned char nbytes;
24 };
25 
26 static inline void insn_field_set(struct insn_field *p, insn_value_t v,
27 				  unsigned char n)
28 {
29 	p->value = v;
30 	p->nbytes = n;
31 }
32 
33 static inline void insn_set_byte(struct insn_field *p, unsigned char n,
34 				 insn_byte_t v)
35 {
36 	p->bytes[n] = v;
37 }
38 
39 #else
40 
41 struct insn_field {
42 	insn_value_t value;
43 	union {
44 		insn_value_t little;
45 		insn_byte_t bytes[4];
46 	};
47 	/* !0 if we've run insn_get_xxx() for this field */
48 	unsigned char got;
49 	unsigned char nbytes;
50 };
51 
52 static inline void insn_field_set(struct insn_field *p, insn_value_t v,
53 				  unsigned char n)
54 {
55 	p->value = v;
56 	p->little = __cpu_to_le32(v);
57 	p->nbytes = n;
58 }
59 
60 static inline void insn_set_byte(struct insn_field *p, unsigned char n,
61 				 insn_byte_t v)
62 {
63 	p->bytes[n] = v;
64 	p->value = __le32_to_cpu(p->little);
65 }
66 #endif
67 
68 struct insn {
69 	struct insn_field prefixes;	/*
70 					 * Prefixes
71 					 * prefixes.bytes[3]: last prefix
72 					 */
73 	struct insn_field rex_prefix;	/* REX prefix */
74 	struct insn_field vex_prefix;	/* VEX prefix */
75 	struct insn_field opcode;	/*
76 					 * opcode.bytes[0]: opcode1
77 					 * opcode.bytes[1]: opcode2
78 					 * opcode.bytes[2]: opcode3
79 					 */
80 	struct insn_field modrm;
81 	struct insn_field sib;
82 	struct insn_field displacement;
83 	union {
84 		struct insn_field immediate;
85 		struct insn_field moffset1;	/* for 64bit MOV */
86 		struct insn_field immediate1;	/* for 64bit imm or off16/32 */
87 	};
88 	union {
89 		struct insn_field moffset2;	/* for 64bit MOV */
90 		struct insn_field immediate2;	/* for 64bit imm or seg16 */
91 	};
92 
93 	int	emulate_prefix_size;
94 	insn_attr_t attr;
95 	unsigned char opnd_bytes;
96 	unsigned char addr_bytes;
97 	unsigned char length;
98 	unsigned char x86_64;
99 
100 	const insn_byte_t *kaddr;	/* kernel address of insn to analyze */
101 	const insn_byte_t *end_kaddr;	/* kernel address of last insn in buffer */
102 	const insn_byte_t *next_byte;
103 };
104 
105 #define MAX_INSN_SIZE	15
106 
107 #define X86_MODRM_MOD(modrm) (((modrm) & 0xc0) >> 6)
108 #define X86_MODRM_REG(modrm) (((modrm) & 0x38) >> 3)
109 #define X86_MODRM_RM(modrm) ((modrm) & 0x07)
110 
111 #define X86_SIB_SCALE(sib) (((sib) & 0xc0) >> 6)
112 #define X86_SIB_INDEX(sib) (((sib) & 0x38) >> 3)
113 #define X86_SIB_BASE(sib) ((sib) & 0x07)
114 
115 #define X86_REX_W(rex) ((rex) & 8)
116 #define X86_REX_R(rex) ((rex) & 4)
117 #define X86_REX_X(rex) ((rex) & 2)
118 #define X86_REX_B(rex) ((rex) & 1)
119 
120 /* VEX bit flags  */
121 #define X86_VEX_W(vex)	((vex) & 0x80)	/* VEX3 Byte2 */
122 #define X86_VEX_R(vex)	((vex) & 0x80)	/* VEX2/3 Byte1 */
123 #define X86_VEX_X(vex)	((vex) & 0x40)	/* VEX3 Byte1 */
124 #define X86_VEX_B(vex)	((vex) & 0x20)	/* VEX3 Byte1 */
125 #define X86_VEX_L(vex)	((vex) & 0x04)	/* VEX3 Byte2, VEX2 Byte1 */
126 /* VEX bit fields */
127 #define X86_EVEX_M(vex)	((vex) & 0x07)		/* EVEX Byte1 */
128 #define X86_VEX3_M(vex)	((vex) & 0x1f)		/* VEX3 Byte1 */
129 #define X86_VEX2_M	1			/* VEX2.M always 1 */
130 #define X86_VEX_V(vex)	(((vex) & 0x78) >> 3)	/* VEX3 Byte2, VEX2 Byte1 */
131 #define X86_VEX_P(vex)	((vex) & 0x03)		/* VEX3 Byte2, VEX2 Byte1 */
132 #define X86_VEX_M_MAX	0x1f			/* VEX3.M Maximum value */
133 
134 extern void insn_init(struct insn *insn, const void *kaddr, int buf_len, int x86_64);
135 extern int insn_get_prefixes(struct insn *insn);
136 extern int insn_get_opcode(struct insn *insn);
137 extern int insn_get_modrm(struct insn *insn);
138 extern int insn_get_sib(struct insn *insn);
139 extern int insn_get_displacement(struct insn *insn);
140 extern int insn_get_immediate(struct insn *insn);
141 extern int insn_get_length(struct insn *insn);
142 
143 enum insn_mode {
144 	INSN_MODE_32,
145 	INSN_MODE_64,
146 	/* Mode is determined by the current kernel build. */
147 	INSN_MODE_KERN,
148 	INSN_NUM_MODES,
149 };
150 
151 extern int insn_decode(struct insn *insn, const void *kaddr, int buf_len, enum insn_mode m);
152 
153 #define insn_decode_kernel(_insn, _ptr) insn_decode((_insn), (_ptr), MAX_INSN_SIZE, INSN_MODE_KERN)
154 
155 /* Attribute will be determined after getting ModRM (for opcode groups) */
156 static inline void insn_get_attribute(struct insn *insn)
157 {
158 	insn_get_modrm(insn);
159 }
160 
161 /* Instruction uses RIP-relative addressing */
162 extern int insn_rip_relative(struct insn *insn);
163 
164 static inline int insn_is_avx(struct insn *insn)
165 {
166 	if (!insn->prefixes.got)
167 		insn_get_prefixes(insn);
168 	return (insn->vex_prefix.value != 0);
169 }
170 
171 static inline int insn_is_evex(struct insn *insn)
172 {
173 	if (!insn->prefixes.got)
174 		insn_get_prefixes(insn);
175 	return (insn->vex_prefix.nbytes == 4);
176 }
177 
178 static inline int insn_has_emulate_prefix(struct insn *insn)
179 {
180 	return !!insn->emulate_prefix_size;
181 }
182 
183 static inline insn_byte_t insn_vex_m_bits(struct insn *insn)
184 {
185 	if (insn->vex_prefix.nbytes == 2)	/* 2 bytes VEX */
186 		return X86_VEX2_M;
187 	else if (insn->vex_prefix.nbytes == 3)	/* 3 bytes VEX */
188 		return X86_VEX3_M(insn->vex_prefix.bytes[1]);
189 	else					/* EVEX */
190 		return X86_EVEX_M(insn->vex_prefix.bytes[1]);
191 }
192 
193 static inline insn_byte_t insn_vex_p_bits(struct insn *insn)
194 {
195 	if (insn->vex_prefix.nbytes == 2)	/* 2 bytes VEX */
196 		return X86_VEX_P(insn->vex_prefix.bytes[1]);
197 	else
198 		return X86_VEX_P(insn->vex_prefix.bytes[2]);
199 }
200 
201 /* Get the last prefix id from last prefix or VEX prefix */
202 static inline int insn_last_prefix_id(struct insn *insn)
203 {
204 	if (insn_is_avx(insn))
205 		return insn_vex_p_bits(insn);	/* VEX_p is a SIMD prefix id */
206 
207 	if (insn->prefixes.bytes[3])
208 		return inat_get_last_prefix_id(insn->prefixes.bytes[3]);
209 
210 	return 0;
211 }
212 
213 /* Offset of each field from kaddr */
214 static inline int insn_offset_rex_prefix(struct insn *insn)
215 {
216 	return insn->prefixes.nbytes;
217 }
218 static inline int insn_offset_vex_prefix(struct insn *insn)
219 {
220 	return insn_offset_rex_prefix(insn) + insn->rex_prefix.nbytes;
221 }
222 static inline int insn_offset_opcode(struct insn *insn)
223 {
224 	return insn_offset_vex_prefix(insn) + insn->vex_prefix.nbytes;
225 }
226 static inline int insn_offset_modrm(struct insn *insn)
227 {
228 	return insn_offset_opcode(insn) + insn->opcode.nbytes;
229 }
230 static inline int insn_offset_sib(struct insn *insn)
231 {
232 	return insn_offset_modrm(insn) + insn->modrm.nbytes;
233 }
234 static inline int insn_offset_displacement(struct insn *insn)
235 {
236 	return insn_offset_sib(insn) + insn->sib.nbytes;
237 }
238 static inline int insn_offset_immediate(struct insn *insn)
239 {
240 	return insn_offset_displacement(insn) + insn->displacement.nbytes;
241 }
242 
243 /**
244  * for_each_insn_prefix() -- Iterate prefixes in the instruction
245  * @insn: Pointer to struct insn.
246  * @idx:  Index storage.
247  * @prefix: Prefix byte.
248  *
249  * Iterate prefix bytes of given @insn. Each prefix byte is stored in @prefix
250  * and the index is stored in @idx (note that this @idx is just for a cursor,
251  * do not change it.)
252  * Since prefixes.nbytes can be bigger than 4 if some prefixes
253  * are repeated, it cannot be used for looping over the prefixes.
254  */
255 #define for_each_insn_prefix(insn, idx, prefix)	\
256 	for (idx = 0; idx < ARRAY_SIZE(insn->prefixes.bytes) && (prefix = insn->prefixes.bytes[idx]) != 0; idx++)
257 
258 #define POP_SS_OPCODE 0x1f
259 #define MOV_SREG_OPCODE 0x8e
260 
261 /*
262  * Intel SDM Vol.3A 6.8.3 states;
263  * "Any single-step trap that would be delivered following the MOV to SS
264  * instruction or POP to SS instruction (because EFLAGS.TF is 1) is
265  * suppressed."
266  * This function returns true if @insn is MOV SS or POP SS. On these
267  * instructions, single stepping is suppressed.
268  */
269 static inline int insn_masking_exception(struct insn *insn)
270 {
271 	return insn->opcode.bytes[0] == POP_SS_OPCODE ||
272 		(insn->opcode.bytes[0] == MOV_SREG_OPCODE &&
273 		 X86_MODRM_REG(insn->modrm.bytes[0]) == 2);
274 }
275 
276 #endif /* _ASM_X86_INSN_H */
277