xref: /linux/arch/x86/include/asm/alternative.h (revision 7fc2cd2e4b398c57c9cf961cfea05eadbf34c05c)
1 /* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
2 #ifndef _ASM_X86_ALTERNATIVE_H
3 #define _ASM_X86_ALTERNATIVE_H
4 
5 #include <linux/types.h>
6 #include <linux/stringify.h>
7 #include <linux/objtool.h>
8 #include <asm/asm.h>
9 #include <asm/bug.h>
10 
11 #define ALT_FLAGS_SHIFT		16
12 
13 #define ALT_FLAG_NOT		(1 << 0)
14 #define ALT_NOT(feature)	((ALT_FLAG_NOT << ALT_FLAGS_SHIFT) | (feature))
15 #define ALT_FLAG_DIRECT_CALL	(1 << 1)
16 #define ALT_DIRECT_CALL(feature) ((ALT_FLAG_DIRECT_CALL << ALT_FLAGS_SHIFT) | (feature))
17 #define ALT_CALL_ALWAYS		ALT_DIRECT_CALL(X86_FEATURE_ALWAYS)
18 
19 #ifndef __ASSEMBLER__
20 
21 #include <linux/stddef.h>
22 
23 /*
24  * Alternative inline assembly for SMP.
25  *
26  * The LOCK_PREFIX macro defined here replaces the LOCK and
27  * LOCK_PREFIX macros used everywhere in the source tree.
28  *
29  * SMP alternatives use the same data structures as the other
30  * alternatives and the X86_FEATURE_UP flag to indicate the case of a
31  * UP system running a SMP kernel.  The existing apply_alternatives()
32  * works fine for patching a SMP kernel for UP.
33  *
34  * The SMP alternative tables can be kept after boot and contain both
35  * UP and SMP versions of the instructions to allow switching back to
36  * SMP at runtime, when hotplugging in a new CPU, which is especially
37  * useful in virtualized environments.
38  *
39  * The very common lock prefix is handled as special case in a
40  * separate table which is a pure address list without replacement ptr
41  * and size information.  That keeps the table sizes small.
42  */
43 
44 #ifdef CONFIG_SMP
45 #define LOCK_PREFIX_HERE \
46 		".pushsection .smp_locks,\"a\"\n"	\
47 		".balign 4\n"				\
48 		".long 671f - .\n" /* offset */		\
49 		".popsection\n"				\
50 		"671:"
51 
52 #define LOCK_PREFIX LOCK_PREFIX_HERE "\n\tlock "
53 
54 #else /* ! CONFIG_SMP */
55 #define LOCK_PREFIX_HERE ""
56 #define LOCK_PREFIX ""
57 #endif
58 
59 /*
60  * The patching flags are part of the upper bits of the @ft_flags parameter when
61  * specifying them. The split is currently like this:
62  *
63  * [31... flags ...16][15... CPUID feature bit ...0]
64  *
65  * but since this is all hidden in the macros argument being split, those fields can be
66  * extended in the future to fit in a u64 or however the need arises.
67  */
68 struct alt_instr {
69 	s32 instr_offset;	/* original instruction */
70 	s32 repl_offset;	/* offset to replacement instruction */
71 
72 	union {
73 		struct {
74 			u32 cpuid: 16;	/* CPUID bit set for replacement */
75 			u32 flags: 16;	/* patching control flags */
76 		};
77 		u32 ft_flags;
78 	};
79 
80 	u8  instrlen;		/* length of original instruction */
81 	u8  replacementlen;	/* length of new instruction */
82 } __packed;
83 
84 extern struct alt_instr __alt_instructions[], __alt_instructions_end[];
85 
86 extern s32 __retpoline_sites[], __retpoline_sites_end[];
87 extern s32 __return_sites[],	__return_sites_end[];
88 extern s32 __cfi_sites[],	__cfi_sites_end[];
89 extern s32 __ibt_endbr_seal[],	__ibt_endbr_seal_end[];
90 extern s32 __smp_locks[],	__smp_locks_end[];
91 
92 /*
93  * Debug flag that can be tested to see whether alternative
94  * instructions were patched in already:
95  */
96 extern int alternatives_patched;
97 
98 extern void alternative_instructions(void);
99 extern void apply_alternatives(struct alt_instr *start, struct alt_instr *end);
100 extern void apply_retpolines(s32 *start, s32 *end);
101 extern void apply_returns(s32 *start, s32 *end);
102 extern void apply_seal_endbr(s32 *start, s32 *end);
103 extern void apply_fineibt(s32 *start_retpoline, s32 *end_retpoine,
104 			  s32 *start_cfi, s32 *end_cfi);
105 
106 struct module;
107 
108 struct callthunk_sites {
109 	s32				*call_start, *call_end;
110 };
111 
112 #ifdef CONFIG_CALL_THUNKS
113 extern void callthunks_patch_builtin_calls(void);
114 extern void callthunks_patch_module_calls(struct callthunk_sites *sites,
115 					  struct module *mod);
116 extern void *callthunks_translate_call_dest(void *dest);
117 extern int x86_call_depth_emit_accounting(u8 **pprog, void *func, void *ip);
118 #else
119 static __always_inline void callthunks_patch_builtin_calls(void) {}
120 static __always_inline void
121 callthunks_patch_module_calls(struct callthunk_sites *sites,
122 			      struct module *mod) {}
123 static __always_inline void *callthunks_translate_call_dest(void *dest)
124 {
125 	return dest;
126 }
127 static __always_inline int x86_call_depth_emit_accounting(u8 **pprog,
128 							  void *func, void *ip)
129 {
130 	return 0;
131 }
132 #endif
133 
134 #ifdef CONFIG_MITIGATION_ITS
135 extern void its_init_mod(struct module *mod);
136 extern void its_fini_mod(struct module *mod);
137 extern void its_free_mod(struct module *mod);
138 extern u8 *its_static_thunk(int reg);
139 #else /* CONFIG_MITIGATION_ITS */
140 static inline void its_init_mod(struct module *mod) { }
141 static inline void its_fini_mod(struct module *mod) { }
142 static inline void its_free_mod(struct module *mod) { }
143 static inline u8 *its_static_thunk(int reg)
144 {
145 	WARN_ONCE(1, "ITS not compiled in");
146 
147 	return NULL;
148 }
149 #endif
150 
151 #if defined(CONFIG_MITIGATION_RETHUNK) && defined(CONFIG_OBJTOOL)
152 extern bool cpu_wants_rethunk(void);
153 extern bool cpu_wants_rethunk_at(void *addr);
154 #else
155 static __always_inline bool cpu_wants_rethunk(void)
156 {
157 	return false;
158 }
159 static __always_inline bool cpu_wants_rethunk_at(void *addr)
160 {
161 	return false;
162 }
163 #endif
164 
165 #ifdef CONFIG_SMP
166 extern void alternatives_smp_module_add(struct module *mod, char *name,
167 					void *locks, void *locks_end,
168 					void *text, void *text_end);
169 extern void alternatives_smp_module_del(struct module *mod);
170 extern void alternatives_enable_smp(void);
171 extern int alternatives_text_reserved(void *start, void *end);
172 extern bool skip_smp_alternatives;
173 #else
174 static inline void alternatives_smp_module_add(struct module *mod, char *name,
175 					       void *locks, void *locks_end,
176 					       void *text, void *text_end) {}
177 static inline void alternatives_smp_module_del(struct module *mod) {}
178 static inline void alternatives_enable_smp(void) {}
179 static inline int alternatives_text_reserved(void *start, void *end)
180 {
181 	return 0;
182 }
183 #endif	/* CONFIG_SMP */
184 
185 #define ALT_CALL_INSTR		"call BUG_func"
186 
187 #define alt_slen		"772b-771b"
188 #define alt_total_slen		"773b-771b"
189 #define alt_rlen		"775f-774f"
190 
191 #define OLDINSTR(oldinstr)						\
192 	"# ALT: oldinstr\n"						\
193 	"771:\n\t" oldinstr "\n772:\n"					\
194 	"# ALT: padding\n"						\
195 	".skip -(((" alt_rlen ")-(" alt_slen ")) > 0) * "		\
196 		"((" alt_rlen ")-(" alt_slen ")),0x90\n"		\
197 	"773:\n"
198 
199 #define ALTINSTR_ENTRY(ft_flags)					      \
200 	".pushsection .altinstructions,\"a\"\n"				      \
201 	ANNOTATE_DATA_SPECIAL						      \
202 	" .long 771b - .\n"				/* label           */ \
203 	" .long 774f - .\n"				/* new instruction */ \
204 	" .4byte " __stringify(ft_flags) "\n"		/* feature + flags */ \
205 	" .byte " alt_total_slen "\n"			/* source len      */ \
206 	" .byte " alt_rlen "\n"				/* replacement len */ \
207 	".popsection\n"
208 
209 #define ALTINSTR_REPLACEMENT(newinstr)		/* replacement */	\
210 	".pushsection .altinstr_replacement, \"ax\"\n"			\
211 	ANNOTATE_DATA_SPECIAL						\
212 	"# ALT: replacement\n"						\
213 	"774:\n\t" newinstr "\n775:\n"					\
214 	".popsection\n"
215 
216 /* alternative assembly primitive: */
217 #define ALTERNATIVE(oldinstr, newinstr, ft_flags)			\
218 	OLDINSTR(oldinstr)						\
219 	ALTINSTR_ENTRY(ft_flags)					\
220 	ALTINSTR_REPLACEMENT(newinstr)
221 
222 #define ALTERNATIVE_2(oldinstr, newinstr1, ft_flags1, newinstr2, ft_flags2) \
223 	ALTERNATIVE(ALTERNATIVE(oldinstr, newinstr1, ft_flags1), newinstr2, ft_flags2)
224 
225 /* If @feature is set, patch in @newinstr_yes, otherwise @newinstr_no. */
226 #define ALTERNATIVE_TERNARY(oldinstr, ft_flags, newinstr_yes, newinstr_no) \
227 	ALTERNATIVE_2(oldinstr, newinstr_no, X86_FEATURE_ALWAYS, newinstr_yes, ft_flags)
228 
229 #define ALTERNATIVE_3(oldinstr, newinstr1, ft_flags1, newinstr2, ft_flags2, \
230 			newinstr3, ft_flags3)				\
231 	ALTERNATIVE(ALTERNATIVE_2(oldinstr, newinstr1, ft_flags1, newinstr2, ft_flags2), \
232 		      newinstr3, ft_flags3)
233 
234 /*
235  * Alternative instructions for different CPU types or capabilities.
236  *
237  * This allows to use optimized instructions even on generic binary
238  * kernels.
239  *
240  * length of oldinstr must be longer or equal the length of newinstr
241  * It can be padded with nops as needed.
242  *
243  * For non barrier like inlines please define new variants
244  * without volatile and memory clobber.
245  */
246 #define alternative(oldinstr, newinstr, ft_flags)			\
247 	asm_inline volatile(ALTERNATIVE(oldinstr, newinstr, ft_flags) : : : "memory")
248 
249 #define alternative_2(oldinstr, newinstr1, ft_flags1, newinstr2, ft_flags2) \
250 	asm_inline volatile(ALTERNATIVE_2(oldinstr, newinstr1, ft_flags1, newinstr2, ft_flags2) ::: "memory")
251 
252 /*
253  * Alternative inline assembly with input.
254  *
255  * Peculiarities:
256  * No memory clobber here.
257  * Argument numbers start with 1.
258  * Leaving an unused argument 0 to keep API compatibility.
259  */
260 #define alternative_input(oldinstr, newinstr, ft_flags, input...)	\
261 	asm_inline volatile(ALTERNATIVE(oldinstr, newinstr, ft_flags) \
262 		: : "i" (0), ## input)
263 
264 /* Like alternative_input, but with a single output argument */
265 #define alternative_io(oldinstr, newinstr, ft_flags, output, input...)	\
266 	asm_inline volatile(ALTERNATIVE(oldinstr, newinstr, ft_flags)	\
267 		: output : "i" (0), ## input)
268 
269 /*
270  * Like alternative_io, but for replacing a direct call with another one.
271  *
272  * Use the %c operand modifier which is the generic way to print a bare
273  * constant expression with all syntax-specific punctuation omitted. %P
274  * is the x86-specific variant which can handle constants too, for
275  * historical reasons, but it should be used primarily for PIC
276  * references: i.e., if used for a function, it would add the PLT
277  * suffix.
278  */
279 #define alternative_call(oldfunc, newfunc, ft_flags, output, input, clobbers...)	\
280 	asm_inline volatile(ALTERNATIVE("call %c[old]", "call %c[new]", ft_flags)	\
281 		: ALT_OUTPUT_SP(output)							\
282 		: [old] "i" (oldfunc), [new] "i" (newfunc)				\
283 		  COMMA(input)								\
284 		: clobbers)
285 
286 /*
287  * Like alternative_call, but there are two features and respective functions.
288  * If CPU has feature2, function2 is used.
289  * Otherwise, if CPU has feature1, function1 is used.
290  * Otherwise, old function is used.
291  */
292 #define alternative_call_2(oldfunc, newfunc1, ft_flags1, newfunc2, ft_flags2,		\
293 			   output, input, clobbers...)					\
294 	asm_inline volatile(ALTERNATIVE_2("call %c[old]", "call %c[new1]", ft_flags1,	\
295 		"call %c[new2]", ft_flags2)						\
296 		: ALT_OUTPUT_SP(output)							\
297 		: [old] "i" (oldfunc), [new1] "i" (newfunc1),				\
298 		  [new2] "i" (newfunc2)							\
299 		  COMMA(input)								\
300 		: clobbers)
301 
302 #define ALT_OUTPUT_SP(...) ASM_CALL_CONSTRAINT, ## __VA_ARGS__
303 
304 /* Macro for creating assembler functions avoiding any C magic. */
305 #define DEFINE_ASM_FUNC(func, instr, sec)		\
306 	asm (".pushsection " #sec ", \"ax\"\n"		\
307 	     ".global " #func "\n\t"			\
308 	     ".type " #func ", @function\n\t"		\
309 	     ASM_FUNC_ALIGN "\n"			\
310 	     #func ":\n\t"				\
311 	     ASM_ENDBR					\
312 	     instr "\n\t"				\
313 	     ASM_RET					\
314 	     ".size " #func ", . - " #func "\n\t"	\
315 	     ".popsection")
316 
317 void BUG_func(void);
318 void nop_func(void);
319 
320 #else /* __ASSEMBLER__ */
321 
322 #ifdef CONFIG_SMP
323 	.macro LOCK_PREFIX
324 672:	lock
325 	.pushsection .smp_locks,"a"
326 	.balign 4
327 	.long 672b - .
328 	.popsection
329 	.endm
330 #else
331 	.macro LOCK_PREFIX
332 	.endm
333 #endif
334 
335 /*
336  * Issue one struct alt_instr descriptor entry (need to put it into
337  * the section .altinstructions, see below). This entry contains
338  * enough information for the alternatives patching code to patch an
339  * instruction. See apply_alternatives().
340  */
341 .macro altinstr_entry orig alt ft_flags orig_len alt_len
342 	ANNOTATE_DATA_SPECIAL
343 	.long \orig - .
344 	.long \alt - .
345 	.4byte \ft_flags
346 	.byte \orig_len
347 	.byte \alt_len
348 .endm
349 
350 .macro ALT_CALL_INSTR
351 	call BUG_func
352 .endm
353 
354 /*
355  * Define an alternative between two instructions. If @feature is
356  * present, early code in apply_alternatives() replaces @oldinstr with
357  * @newinstr. ".skip" directive takes care of proper instruction padding
358  * in case @newinstr is longer than @oldinstr.
359  */
360 #define __ALTERNATIVE(oldinst, newinst, flag)				\
361 740:									\
362 	oldinst	;							\
363 741:									\
364 	.skip -(((744f-743f)-(741b-740b)) > 0) * ((744f-743f)-(741b-740b)),0x90	;\
365 742:									\
366 	.pushsection .altinstructions,"a" ;				\
367 	altinstr_entry 740b,743f,flag,742b-740b,744f-743f ;		\
368 	.popsection ;							\
369 	.pushsection .altinstr_replacement,"ax"	;			\
370 743:									\
371 	ANNOTATE_DATA_SPECIAL ;						\
372 	newinst	;							\
373 744:									\
374 	.popsection ;
375 
376 .macro ALTERNATIVE oldinstr, newinstr, ft_flags
377 	__ALTERNATIVE(\oldinstr, \newinstr, \ft_flags)
378 .endm
379 
380 /*
381  * Same as ALTERNATIVE macro above but for two alternatives. If CPU
382  * has @feature1, it replaces @oldinstr with @newinstr1. If CPU has
383  * @feature2, it replaces @oldinstr with @feature2.
384  */
385 .macro ALTERNATIVE_2 oldinstr, newinstr1, ft_flags1, newinstr2, ft_flags2
386 	__ALTERNATIVE(__ALTERNATIVE(\oldinstr, \newinstr1, \ft_flags1),
387 		      \newinstr2, \ft_flags2)
388 .endm
389 
390 .macro ALTERNATIVE_3 oldinstr, newinstr1, ft_flags1, newinstr2, ft_flags2, newinstr3, ft_flags3
391 	__ALTERNATIVE(ALTERNATIVE_2(\oldinstr, \newinstr1, \ft_flags1, \newinstr2, \ft_flags2),
392 		      \newinstr3, \ft_flags3)
393 .endm
394 
395 /* If @feature is set, patch in @newinstr_yes, otherwise @newinstr_no. */
396 #define ALTERNATIVE_TERNARY(oldinstr, ft_flags, newinstr_yes, newinstr_no) \
397 	ALTERNATIVE_2 oldinstr, newinstr_no, X86_FEATURE_ALWAYS,	\
398 	newinstr_yes, ft_flags
399 
400 #endif /* __ASSEMBLER__ */
401 
402 #endif /* _ASM_X86_ALTERNATIVE_H */
403