xref: /linux/arch/x86/include/asm/alternative.h (revision 6de298ff13a807d12300bd616c6d3039987e6e87)
1 /* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
2 #ifndef _ASM_X86_ALTERNATIVE_H
3 #define _ASM_X86_ALTERNATIVE_H
4 
5 #include <linux/types.h>
6 #include <linux/stringify.h>
7 #include <asm/asm.h>
8 
9 #define ALT_FLAGS_SHIFT		16
10 
11 #define ALT_FLAG_NOT		(1 << 0)
12 #define ALT_NOT(feature)	((ALT_FLAG_NOT << ALT_FLAGS_SHIFT) | (feature))
13 
14 #ifndef __ASSEMBLY__
15 
16 #include <linux/stddef.h>
17 
18 /*
19  * Alternative inline assembly for SMP.
20  *
21  * The LOCK_PREFIX macro defined here replaces the LOCK and
22  * LOCK_PREFIX macros used everywhere in the source tree.
23  *
24  * SMP alternatives use the same data structures as the other
25  * alternatives and the X86_FEATURE_UP flag to indicate the case of a
26  * UP system running a SMP kernel.  The existing apply_alternatives()
27  * works fine for patching a SMP kernel for UP.
28  *
29  * The SMP alternative tables can be kept after boot and contain both
30  * UP and SMP versions of the instructions to allow switching back to
31  * SMP at runtime, when hotplugging in a new CPU, which is especially
32  * useful in virtualized environments.
33  *
34  * The very common lock prefix is handled as special case in a
35  * separate table which is a pure address list without replacement ptr
36  * and size information.  That keeps the table sizes small.
37  */
38 
39 #ifdef CONFIG_SMP
40 #define LOCK_PREFIX_HERE \
41 		".pushsection .smp_locks,\"a\"\n"	\
42 		".balign 4\n"				\
43 		".long 671f - .\n" /* offset */		\
44 		".popsection\n"				\
45 		"671:"
46 
47 #define LOCK_PREFIX LOCK_PREFIX_HERE "\n\tlock; "
48 
49 #else /* ! CONFIG_SMP */
50 #define LOCK_PREFIX_HERE ""
51 #define LOCK_PREFIX ""
52 #endif
53 
54 /*
55  * objtool annotation to ignore the alternatives and only consider the original
56  * instruction(s).
57  */
58 #define ANNOTATE_IGNORE_ALTERNATIVE				\
59 	"999:\n\t"						\
60 	".pushsection .discard.ignore_alts\n\t"			\
61 	".long 999b - .\n\t"					\
62 	".popsection\n\t"
63 
64 /*
65  * The patching flags are part of the upper bits of the @ft_flags parameter when
66  * specifying them. The split is currently like this:
67  *
68  * [31... flags ...16][15... CPUID feature bit ...0]
69  *
70  * but since this is all hidden in the macros argument being split, those fields can be
71  * extended in the future to fit in a u64 or however the need arises.
72  */
73 struct alt_instr {
74 	s32 instr_offset;	/* original instruction */
75 	s32 repl_offset;	/* offset to replacement instruction */
76 
77 	union {
78 		struct {
79 			u32 cpuid: 16;	/* CPUID bit set for replacement */
80 			u32 flags: 16;	/* patching control flags */
81 		};
82 		u32 ft_flags;
83 	};
84 
85 	u8  instrlen;		/* length of original instruction */
86 	u8  replacementlen;	/* length of new instruction */
87 } __packed;
88 
89 /*
90  * Debug flag that can be tested to see whether alternative
91  * instructions were patched in already:
92  */
93 extern int alternatives_patched;
94 
95 extern void alternative_instructions(void);
96 extern void apply_alternatives(struct alt_instr *start, struct alt_instr *end);
97 extern void apply_retpolines(s32 *start, s32 *end);
98 extern void apply_returns(s32 *start, s32 *end);
99 extern void apply_ibt_endbr(s32 *start, s32 *end);
100 extern void apply_fineibt(s32 *start_retpoline, s32 *end_retpoine,
101 			  s32 *start_cfi, s32 *end_cfi);
102 
103 struct module;
104 struct paravirt_patch_site;
105 
106 struct callthunk_sites {
107 	s32				*call_start, *call_end;
108 	struct paravirt_patch_site	*pv_start, *pv_end;
109 };
110 
111 #ifdef CONFIG_CALL_THUNKS
112 extern void callthunks_patch_builtin_calls(void);
113 extern void callthunks_patch_module_calls(struct callthunk_sites *sites,
114 					  struct module *mod);
115 extern void *callthunks_translate_call_dest(void *dest);
116 extern int x86_call_depth_emit_accounting(u8 **pprog, void *func);
117 #else
118 static __always_inline void callthunks_patch_builtin_calls(void) {}
119 static __always_inline void
120 callthunks_patch_module_calls(struct callthunk_sites *sites,
121 			      struct module *mod) {}
122 static __always_inline void *callthunks_translate_call_dest(void *dest)
123 {
124 	return dest;
125 }
126 static __always_inline int x86_call_depth_emit_accounting(u8 **pprog,
127 							  void *func)
128 {
129 	return 0;
130 }
131 #endif
132 
133 #ifdef CONFIG_SMP
134 extern void alternatives_smp_module_add(struct module *mod, char *name,
135 					void *locks, void *locks_end,
136 					void *text, void *text_end);
137 extern void alternatives_smp_module_del(struct module *mod);
138 extern void alternatives_enable_smp(void);
139 extern int alternatives_text_reserved(void *start, void *end);
140 extern bool skip_smp_alternatives;
141 #else
142 static inline void alternatives_smp_module_add(struct module *mod, char *name,
143 					       void *locks, void *locks_end,
144 					       void *text, void *text_end) {}
145 static inline void alternatives_smp_module_del(struct module *mod) {}
146 static inline void alternatives_enable_smp(void) {}
147 static inline int alternatives_text_reserved(void *start, void *end)
148 {
149 	return 0;
150 }
151 #endif	/* CONFIG_SMP */
152 
153 #define b_replacement(num)	"664"#num
154 #define e_replacement(num)	"665"#num
155 
156 #define alt_end_marker		"663"
157 #define alt_slen		"662b-661b"
158 #define alt_total_slen		alt_end_marker"b-661b"
159 #define alt_rlen(num)		e_replacement(num)"f-"b_replacement(num)"f"
160 
161 #define OLDINSTR(oldinstr, num)						\
162 	"# ALT: oldnstr\n"						\
163 	"661:\n\t" oldinstr "\n662:\n"					\
164 	"# ALT: padding\n"						\
165 	".skip -(((" alt_rlen(num) ")-(" alt_slen ")) > 0) * "		\
166 		"((" alt_rlen(num) ")-(" alt_slen ")),0x90\n"		\
167 	alt_end_marker ":\n"
168 
169 /*
170  * gas compatible max based on the idea from:
171  * http://graphics.stanford.edu/~seander/bithacks.html#IntegerMinOrMax
172  *
173  * The additional "-" is needed because gas uses a "true" value of -1.
174  */
175 #define alt_max_short(a, b)	"((" a ") ^ (((" a ") ^ (" b ")) & -(-((" a ") < (" b ")))))"
176 
177 /*
178  * Pad the second replacement alternative with additional NOPs if it is
179  * additionally longer than the first replacement alternative.
180  */
181 #define OLDINSTR_2(oldinstr, num1, num2) \
182 	"# ALT: oldinstr2\n"									\
183 	"661:\n\t" oldinstr "\n662:\n"								\
184 	"# ALT: padding2\n"									\
185 	".skip -((" alt_max_short(alt_rlen(num1), alt_rlen(num2)) " - (" alt_slen ")) > 0) * "	\
186 		"(" alt_max_short(alt_rlen(num1), alt_rlen(num2)) " - (" alt_slen ")), 0x90\n"	\
187 	alt_end_marker ":\n"
188 
189 #define OLDINSTR_3(oldinsn, n1, n2, n3)								\
190 	"# ALT: oldinstr3\n"									\
191 	"661:\n\t" oldinsn "\n662:\n"								\
192 	"# ALT: padding3\n"									\
193 	".skip -((" alt_max_short(alt_max_short(alt_rlen(n1), alt_rlen(n2)), alt_rlen(n3))	\
194 		" - (" alt_slen ")) > 0) * "							\
195 		"(" alt_max_short(alt_max_short(alt_rlen(n1), alt_rlen(n2)), alt_rlen(n3))	\
196 		" - (" alt_slen ")), 0x90\n"							\
197 	alt_end_marker ":\n"
198 
199 #define ALTINSTR_ENTRY(ft_flags, num)					      \
200 	" .long 661b - .\n"				/* label           */ \
201 	" .long " b_replacement(num)"f - .\n"		/* new instruction */ \
202 	" .4byte " __stringify(ft_flags) "\n"		/* feature + flags */ \
203 	" .byte " alt_total_slen "\n"			/* source len      */ \
204 	" .byte " alt_rlen(num) "\n"			/* replacement len */
205 
206 #define ALTINSTR_REPLACEMENT(newinstr, num)		/* replacement */	\
207 	"# ALT: replacement " #num "\n"						\
208 	b_replacement(num)":\n\t" newinstr "\n" e_replacement(num) ":\n"
209 
210 /* alternative assembly primitive: */
211 #define ALTERNATIVE(oldinstr, newinstr, ft_flags)			\
212 	OLDINSTR(oldinstr, 1)						\
213 	".pushsection .altinstructions,\"a\"\n"				\
214 	ALTINSTR_ENTRY(ft_flags, 1)					\
215 	".popsection\n"							\
216 	".pushsection .altinstr_replacement, \"ax\"\n"			\
217 	ALTINSTR_REPLACEMENT(newinstr, 1)				\
218 	".popsection\n"
219 
220 #define ALTERNATIVE_2(oldinstr, newinstr1, ft_flags1, newinstr2, ft_flags2) \
221 	OLDINSTR_2(oldinstr, 1, 2)					\
222 	".pushsection .altinstructions,\"a\"\n"				\
223 	ALTINSTR_ENTRY(ft_flags1, 1)					\
224 	ALTINSTR_ENTRY(ft_flags2, 2)					\
225 	".popsection\n"							\
226 	".pushsection .altinstr_replacement, \"ax\"\n"			\
227 	ALTINSTR_REPLACEMENT(newinstr1, 1)				\
228 	ALTINSTR_REPLACEMENT(newinstr2, 2)				\
229 	".popsection\n"
230 
231 /* If @feature is set, patch in @newinstr_yes, otherwise @newinstr_no. */
232 #define ALTERNATIVE_TERNARY(oldinstr, ft_flags, newinstr_yes, newinstr_no) \
233 	ALTERNATIVE_2(oldinstr, newinstr_no, X86_FEATURE_ALWAYS,	\
234 		      newinstr_yes, ft_flags)
235 
236 #define ALTERNATIVE_3(oldinsn, newinsn1, ft_flags1, newinsn2, ft_flags2, \
237 			newinsn3, ft_flags3)				\
238 	OLDINSTR_3(oldinsn, 1, 2, 3)					\
239 	".pushsection .altinstructions,\"a\"\n"				\
240 	ALTINSTR_ENTRY(ft_flags1, 1)					\
241 	ALTINSTR_ENTRY(ft_flags2, 2)					\
242 	ALTINSTR_ENTRY(ft_flags3, 3)					\
243 	".popsection\n"							\
244 	".pushsection .altinstr_replacement, \"ax\"\n"			\
245 	ALTINSTR_REPLACEMENT(newinsn1, 1)				\
246 	ALTINSTR_REPLACEMENT(newinsn2, 2)				\
247 	ALTINSTR_REPLACEMENT(newinsn3, 3)				\
248 	".popsection\n"
249 
250 /*
251  * Alternative instructions for different CPU types or capabilities.
252  *
253  * This allows to use optimized instructions even on generic binary
254  * kernels.
255  *
256  * length of oldinstr must be longer or equal the length of newinstr
257  * It can be padded with nops as needed.
258  *
259  * For non barrier like inlines please define new variants
260  * without volatile and memory clobber.
261  */
262 #define alternative(oldinstr, newinstr, ft_flags)			\
263 	asm_inline volatile (ALTERNATIVE(oldinstr, newinstr, ft_flags) : : : "memory")
264 
265 #define alternative_2(oldinstr, newinstr1, ft_flags1, newinstr2, ft_flags2) \
266 	asm_inline volatile(ALTERNATIVE_2(oldinstr, newinstr1, ft_flags1, newinstr2, ft_flags2) ::: "memory")
267 
268 #define alternative_ternary(oldinstr, ft_flags, newinstr_yes, newinstr_no) \
269 	asm_inline volatile(ALTERNATIVE_TERNARY(oldinstr, ft_flags, newinstr_yes, newinstr_no) ::: "memory")
270 
271 /*
272  * Alternative inline assembly with input.
273  *
274  * Peculiarities:
275  * No memory clobber here.
276  * Argument numbers start with 1.
277  * Leaving an unused argument 0 to keep API compatibility.
278  */
279 #define alternative_input(oldinstr, newinstr, ft_flags, input...)	\
280 	asm_inline volatile (ALTERNATIVE(oldinstr, newinstr, ft_flags)	\
281 		: : "i" (0), ## input)
282 
283 /*
284  * This is similar to alternative_input. But it has two features and
285  * respective instructions.
286  *
287  * If CPU has feature2, newinstr2 is used.
288  * Otherwise, if CPU has feature1, newinstr1 is used.
289  * Otherwise, oldinstr is used.
290  */
291 #define alternative_input_2(oldinstr, newinstr1, ft_flags1, newinstr2,	     \
292 			   ft_flags2, input...)				     \
293 	asm_inline volatile(ALTERNATIVE_2(oldinstr, newinstr1, ft_flags1,     \
294 		newinstr2, ft_flags2)					     \
295 		: : "i" (0), ## input)
296 
297 /* Like alternative_input, but with a single output argument */
298 #define alternative_io(oldinstr, newinstr, ft_flags, output, input...)	\
299 	asm_inline volatile (ALTERNATIVE(oldinstr, newinstr, ft_flags)	\
300 		: output : "i" (0), ## input)
301 
302 /* Like alternative_io, but for replacing a direct call with another one. */
303 #define alternative_call(oldfunc, newfunc, ft_flags, output, input...)	\
304 	asm_inline volatile (ALTERNATIVE("call %P[old]", "call %P[new]", ft_flags) \
305 		: output : [old] "i" (oldfunc), [new] "i" (newfunc), ## input)
306 
307 /*
308  * Like alternative_call, but there are two features and respective functions.
309  * If CPU has feature2, function2 is used.
310  * Otherwise, if CPU has feature1, function1 is used.
311  * Otherwise, old function is used.
312  */
313 #define alternative_call_2(oldfunc, newfunc1, ft_flags1, newfunc2, ft_flags2,   \
314 			   output, input...)				      \
315 	asm_inline volatile (ALTERNATIVE_2("call %P[old]", "call %P[new1]", ft_flags1,\
316 		"call %P[new2]", ft_flags2)				      \
317 		: output, ASM_CALL_CONSTRAINT				      \
318 		: [old] "i" (oldfunc), [new1] "i" (newfunc1),		      \
319 		  [new2] "i" (newfunc2), ## input)
320 
321 /*
322  * use this macro(s) if you need more than one output parameter
323  * in alternative_io
324  */
325 #define ASM_OUTPUT2(a...) a
326 
327 /*
328  * use this macro if you need clobbers but no inputs in
329  * alternative_{input,io,call}()
330  */
331 #define ASM_NO_INPUT_CLOBBER(clbr...) "i" (0) : clbr
332 
333 #else /* __ASSEMBLY__ */
334 
335 #ifdef CONFIG_SMP
336 	.macro LOCK_PREFIX
337 672:	lock
338 	.pushsection .smp_locks,"a"
339 	.balign 4
340 	.long 672b - .
341 	.popsection
342 	.endm
343 #else
344 	.macro LOCK_PREFIX
345 	.endm
346 #endif
347 
348 /*
349  * objtool annotation to ignore the alternatives and only consider the original
350  * instruction(s).
351  */
352 .macro ANNOTATE_IGNORE_ALTERNATIVE
353 	.Lannotate_\@:
354 	.pushsection .discard.ignore_alts
355 	.long .Lannotate_\@ - .
356 	.popsection
357 .endm
358 
359 /*
360  * Issue one struct alt_instr descriptor entry (need to put it into
361  * the section .altinstructions, see below). This entry contains
362  * enough information for the alternatives patching code to patch an
363  * instruction. See apply_alternatives().
364  */
365 .macro altinstr_entry orig alt ft_flags orig_len alt_len
366 	.long \orig - .
367 	.long \alt - .
368 	.4byte \ft_flags
369 	.byte \orig_len
370 	.byte \alt_len
371 .endm
372 
373 /*
374  * Define an alternative between two instructions. If @feature is
375  * present, early code in apply_alternatives() replaces @oldinstr with
376  * @newinstr. ".skip" directive takes care of proper instruction padding
377  * in case @newinstr is longer than @oldinstr.
378  */
379 .macro ALTERNATIVE oldinstr, newinstr, ft_flags
380 140:
381 	\oldinstr
382 141:
383 	.skip -(((144f-143f)-(141b-140b)) > 0) * ((144f-143f)-(141b-140b)),0x90
384 142:
385 
386 	.pushsection .altinstructions,"a"
387 	altinstr_entry 140b,143f,\ft_flags,142b-140b,144f-143f
388 	.popsection
389 
390 	.pushsection .altinstr_replacement,"ax"
391 143:
392 	\newinstr
393 144:
394 	.popsection
395 .endm
396 
397 #define old_len			141b-140b
398 #define new_len1		144f-143f
399 #define new_len2		145f-144f
400 #define new_len3		146f-145f
401 
402 /*
403  * gas compatible max based on the idea from:
404  * http://graphics.stanford.edu/~seander/bithacks.html#IntegerMinOrMax
405  *
406  * The additional "-" is needed because gas uses a "true" value of -1.
407  */
408 #define alt_max_2(a, b)		((a) ^ (((a) ^ (b)) & -(-((a) < (b)))))
409 #define alt_max_3(a, b, c)	(alt_max_2(alt_max_2(a, b), c))
410 
411 
412 /*
413  * Same as ALTERNATIVE macro above but for two alternatives. If CPU
414  * has @feature1, it replaces @oldinstr with @newinstr1. If CPU has
415  * @feature2, it replaces @oldinstr with @feature2.
416  */
417 .macro ALTERNATIVE_2 oldinstr, newinstr1, ft_flags1, newinstr2, ft_flags2
418 140:
419 	\oldinstr
420 141:
421 	.skip -((alt_max_2(new_len1, new_len2) - (old_len)) > 0) * \
422 		(alt_max_2(new_len1, new_len2) - (old_len)),0x90
423 142:
424 
425 	.pushsection .altinstructions,"a"
426 	altinstr_entry 140b,143f,\ft_flags1,142b-140b,144f-143f
427 	altinstr_entry 140b,144f,\ft_flags2,142b-140b,145f-144f
428 	.popsection
429 
430 	.pushsection .altinstr_replacement,"ax"
431 143:
432 	\newinstr1
433 144:
434 	\newinstr2
435 145:
436 	.popsection
437 .endm
438 
439 .macro ALTERNATIVE_3 oldinstr, newinstr1, ft_flags1, newinstr2, ft_flags2, newinstr3, ft_flags3
440 140:
441 	\oldinstr
442 141:
443 	.skip -((alt_max_3(new_len1, new_len2, new_len3) - (old_len)) > 0) * \
444 		(alt_max_3(new_len1, new_len2, new_len3) - (old_len)),0x90
445 142:
446 
447 	.pushsection .altinstructions,"a"
448 	altinstr_entry 140b,143f,\ft_flags1,142b-140b,144f-143f
449 	altinstr_entry 140b,144f,\ft_flags2,142b-140b,145f-144f
450 	altinstr_entry 140b,145f,\ft_flags3,142b-140b,146f-145f
451 	.popsection
452 
453 	.pushsection .altinstr_replacement,"ax"
454 143:
455 	\newinstr1
456 144:
457 	\newinstr2
458 145:
459 	\newinstr3
460 146:
461 	.popsection
462 .endm
463 
464 /* If @feature is set, patch in @newinstr_yes, otherwise @newinstr_no. */
465 #define ALTERNATIVE_TERNARY(oldinstr, ft_flags, newinstr_yes, newinstr_no) \
466 	ALTERNATIVE_2 oldinstr, newinstr_no, X86_FEATURE_ALWAYS,	\
467 	newinstr_yes, ft_flags
468 
469 #endif /* __ASSEMBLY__ */
470 
471 #endif /* _ASM_X86_ALTERNATIVE_H */
472