xref: /linux/arch/x86/include/asm/alternative.h (revision 497e6b37b0099dc415578488287fd84fb74433eb)
1 /* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
2 #ifndef _ASM_X86_ALTERNATIVE_H
3 #define _ASM_X86_ALTERNATIVE_H
4 
5 #include <linux/types.h>
6 #include <linux/stringify.h>
7 #include <asm/asm.h>
8 
9 #define ALTINSTR_FLAG_INV	(1 << 15)
10 #define ALT_NOT(feat)		((feat) | ALTINSTR_FLAG_INV)
11 
12 #ifndef __ASSEMBLY__
13 
14 #include <linux/stddef.h>
15 
16 /*
17  * Alternative inline assembly for SMP.
18  *
19  * The LOCK_PREFIX macro defined here replaces the LOCK and
20  * LOCK_PREFIX macros used everywhere in the source tree.
21  *
22  * SMP alternatives use the same data structures as the other
23  * alternatives and the X86_FEATURE_UP flag to indicate the case of a
24  * UP system running a SMP kernel.  The existing apply_alternatives()
25  * works fine for patching a SMP kernel for UP.
26  *
27  * The SMP alternative tables can be kept after boot and contain both
28  * UP and SMP versions of the instructions to allow switching back to
29  * SMP at runtime, when hotplugging in a new CPU, which is especially
30  * useful in virtualized environments.
31  *
32  * The very common lock prefix is handled as special case in a
33  * separate table which is a pure address list without replacement ptr
34  * and size information.  That keeps the table sizes small.
35  */
36 
37 #ifdef CONFIG_SMP
38 #define LOCK_PREFIX_HERE \
39 		".pushsection .smp_locks,\"a\"\n"	\
40 		".balign 4\n"				\
41 		".long 671f - .\n" /* offset */		\
42 		".popsection\n"				\
43 		"671:"
44 
45 #define LOCK_PREFIX LOCK_PREFIX_HERE "\n\tlock; "
46 
47 #else /* ! CONFIG_SMP */
48 #define LOCK_PREFIX_HERE ""
49 #define LOCK_PREFIX ""
50 #endif
51 
52 /*
53  * objtool annotation to ignore the alternatives and only consider the original
54  * instruction(s).
55  */
56 #define ANNOTATE_IGNORE_ALTERNATIVE				\
57 	"999:\n\t"						\
58 	".pushsection .discard.ignore_alts\n\t"			\
59 	".long 999b - .\n\t"					\
60 	".popsection\n\t"
61 
62 struct alt_instr {
63 	s32 instr_offset;	/* original instruction */
64 	s32 repl_offset;	/* offset to replacement instruction */
65 	u16 cpuid;		/* cpuid bit set for replacement */
66 	u8  instrlen;		/* length of original instruction */
67 	u8  replacementlen;	/* length of new instruction */
68 } __packed;
69 
70 /*
71  * Debug flag that can be tested to see whether alternative
72  * instructions were patched in already:
73  */
74 extern int alternatives_patched;
75 
76 extern void alternative_instructions(void);
77 extern void apply_alternatives(struct alt_instr *start, struct alt_instr *end);
78 extern void apply_retpolines(s32 *start, s32 *end);
79 extern void apply_returns(s32 *start, s32 *end);
80 extern void apply_ibt_endbr(s32 *start, s32 *end);
81 extern void apply_fineibt(s32 *start_retpoline, s32 *end_retpoine,
82 			  s32 *start_cfi, s32 *end_cfi);
83 
84 struct module;
85 struct paravirt_patch_site;
86 
87 struct callthunk_sites {
88 	s32				*call_start, *call_end;
89 	struct paravirt_patch_site	*pv_start, *pv_end;
90 };
91 
92 #ifdef CONFIG_CALL_THUNKS
93 extern void callthunks_patch_builtin_calls(void);
94 extern void callthunks_patch_module_calls(struct callthunk_sites *sites,
95 					  struct module *mod);
96 extern void *callthunks_translate_call_dest(void *dest);
97 extern bool is_callthunk(void *addr);
98 extern int x86_call_depth_emit_accounting(u8 **pprog, void *func);
99 #else
100 static __always_inline void callthunks_patch_builtin_calls(void) {}
101 static __always_inline void
102 callthunks_patch_module_calls(struct callthunk_sites *sites,
103 			      struct module *mod) {}
104 static __always_inline void *callthunks_translate_call_dest(void *dest)
105 {
106 	return dest;
107 }
108 static __always_inline bool is_callthunk(void *addr)
109 {
110 	return false;
111 }
112 static __always_inline int x86_call_depth_emit_accounting(u8 **pprog,
113 							  void *func)
114 {
115 	return 0;
116 }
117 #endif
118 
119 #ifdef CONFIG_SMP
120 extern void alternatives_smp_module_add(struct module *mod, char *name,
121 					void *locks, void *locks_end,
122 					void *text, void *text_end);
123 extern void alternatives_smp_module_del(struct module *mod);
124 extern void alternatives_enable_smp(void);
125 extern int alternatives_text_reserved(void *start, void *end);
126 extern bool skip_smp_alternatives;
127 #else
128 static inline void alternatives_smp_module_add(struct module *mod, char *name,
129 					       void *locks, void *locks_end,
130 					       void *text, void *text_end) {}
131 static inline void alternatives_smp_module_del(struct module *mod) {}
132 static inline void alternatives_enable_smp(void) {}
133 static inline int alternatives_text_reserved(void *start, void *end)
134 {
135 	return 0;
136 }
137 #endif	/* CONFIG_SMP */
138 
139 #define b_replacement(num)	"664"#num
140 #define e_replacement(num)	"665"#num
141 
142 #define alt_end_marker		"663"
143 #define alt_slen		"662b-661b"
144 #define alt_total_slen		alt_end_marker"b-661b"
145 #define alt_rlen(num)		e_replacement(num)"f-"b_replacement(num)"f"
146 
147 #define OLDINSTR(oldinstr, num)						\
148 	"# ALT: oldnstr\n"						\
149 	"661:\n\t" oldinstr "\n662:\n"					\
150 	"# ALT: padding\n"						\
151 	".skip -(((" alt_rlen(num) ")-(" alt_slen ")) > 0) * "		\
152 		"((" alt_rlen(num) ")-(" alt_slen ")),0x90\n"		\
153 	alt_end_marker ":\n"
154 
155 /*
156  * gas compatible max based on the idea from:
157  * http://graphics.stanford.edu/~seander/bithacks.html#IntegerMinOrMax
158  *
159  * The additional "-" is needed because gas uses a "true" value of -1.
160  */
161 #define alt_max_short(a, b)	"((" a ") ^ (((" a ") ^ (" b ")) & -(-((" a ") < (" b ")))))"
162 
163 /*
164  * Pad the second replacement alternative with additional NOPs if it is
165  * additionally longer than the first replacement alternative.
166  */
167 #define OLDINSTR_2(oldinstr, num1, num2) \
168 	"# ALT: oldinstr2\n"									\
169 	"661:\n\t" oldinstr "\n662:\n"								\
170 	"# ALT: padding2\n"									\
171 	".skip -((" alt_max_short(alt_rlen(num1), alt_rlen(num2)) " - (" alt_slen ")) > 0) * "	\
172 		"(" alt_max_short(alt_rlen(num1), alt_rlen(num2)) " - (" alt_slen ")), 0x90\n"	\
173 	alt_end_marker ":\n"
174 
175 #define OLDINSTR_3(oldinsn, n1, n2, n3)								\
176 	"# ALT: oldinstr3\n"									\
177 	"661:\n\t" oldinsn "\n662:\n"								\
178 	"# ALT: padding3\n"									\
179 	".skip -((" alt_max_short(alt_max_short(alt_rlen(n1), alt_rlen(n2)), alt_rlen(n3))	\
180 		" - (" alt_slen ")) > 0) * "							\
181 		"(" alt_max_short(alt_max_short(alt_rlen(n1), alt_rlen(n2)), alt_rlen(n3))	\
182 		" - (" alt_slen ")), 0x90\n"							\
183 	alt_end_marker ":\n"
184 
185 #define ALTINSTR_ENTRY(feature, num)					      \
186 	" .long 661b - .\n"				/* label           */ \
187 	" .long " b_replacement(num)"f - .\n"		/* new instruction */ \
188 	" .word " __stringify(feature) "\n"		/* feature bit     */ \
189 	" .byte " alt_total_slen "\n"			/* source len      */ \
190 	" .byte " alt_rlen(num) "\n"			/* replacement len */
191 
192 #define ALTINSTR_REPLACEMENT(newinstr, num)		/* replacement */	\
193 	"# ALT: replacement " #num "\n"						\
194 	b_replacement(num)":\n\t" newinstr "\n" e_replacement(num) ":\n"
195 
196 /* alternative assembly primitive: */
197 #define ALTERNATIVE(oldinstr, newinstr, feature)			\
198 	OLDINSTR(oldinstr, 1)						\
199 	".pushsection .altinstructions,\"a\"\n"				\
200 	ALTINSTR_ENTRY(feature, 1)					\
201 	".popsection\n"							\
202 	".pushsection .altinstr_replacement, \"ax\"\n"			\
203 	ALTINSTR_REPLACEMENT(newinstr, 1)				\
204 	".popsection\n"
205 
206 #define ALTERNATIVE_2(oldinstr, newinstr1, feature1, newinstr2, feature2)\
207 	OLDINSTR_2(oldinstr, 1, 2)					\
208 	".pushsection .altinstructions,\"a\"\n"				\
209 	ALTINSTR_ENTRY(feature1, 1)					\
210 	ALTINSTR_ENTRY(feature2, 2)					\
211 	".popsection\n"							\
212 	".pushsection .altinstr_replacement, \"ax\"\n"			\
213 	ALTINSTR_REPLACEMENT(newinstr1, 1)				\
214 	ALTINSTR_REPLACEMENT(newinstr2, 2)				\
215 	".popsection\n"
216 
217 /* If @feature is set, patch in @newinstr_yes, otherwise @newinstr_no. */
218 #define ALTERNATIVE_TERNARY(oldinstr, feature, newinstr_yes, newinstr_no) \
219 	ALTERNATIVE_2(oldinstr, newinstr_no, X86_FEATURE_ALWAYS,	\
220 		      newinstr_yes, feature)
221 
222 #define ALTERNATIVE_3(oldinsn, newinsn1, feat1, newinsn2, feat2, newinsn3, feat3) \
223 	OLDINSTR_3(oldinsn, 1, 2, 3)						\
224 	".pushsection .altinstructions,\"a\"\n"					\
225 	ALTINSTR_ENTRY(feat1, 1)						\
226 	ALTINSTR_ENTRY(feat2, 2)						\
227 	ALTINSTR_ENTRY(feat3, 3)						\
228 	".popsection\n"								\
229 	".pushsection .altinstr_replacement, \"ax\"\n"				\
230 	ALTINSTR_REPLACEMENT(newinsn1, 1)					\
231 	ALTINSTR_REPLACEMENT(newinsn2, 2)					\
232 	ALTINSTR_REPLACEMENT(newinsn3, 3)					\
233 	".popsection\n"
234 
235 /*
236  * Alternative instructions for different CPU types or capabilities.
237  *
238  * This allows to use optimized instructions even on generic binary
239  * kernels.
240  *
241  * length of oldinstr must be longer or equal the length of newinstr
242  * It can be padded with nops as needed.
243  *
244  * For non barrier like inlines please define new variants
245  * without volatile and memory clobber.
246  */
247 #define alternative(oldinstr, newinstr, feature)			\
248 	asm_inline volatile (ALTERNATIVE(oldinstr, newinstr, feature) : : : "memory")
249 
250 #define alternative_2(oldinstr, newinstr1, feature1, newinstr2, feature2) \
251 	asm_inline volatile(ALTERNATIVE_2(oldinstr, newinstr1, feature1, newinstr2, feature2) ::: "memory")
252 
253 #define alternative_ternary(oldinstr, feature, newinstr_yes, newinstr_no) \
254 	asm_inline volatile(ALTERNATIVE_TERNARY(oldinstr, feature, newinstr_yes, newinstr_no) ::: "memory")
255 
256 /*
257  * Alternative inline assembly with input.
258  *
259  * Peculiarities:
260  * No memory clobber here.
261  * Argument numbers start with 1.
262  * Leaving an unused argument 0 to keep API compatibility.
263  */
264 #define alternative_input(oldinstr, newinstr, feature, input...)	\
265 	asm_inline volatile (ALTERNATIVE(oldinstr, newinstr, feature)	\
266 		: : "i" (0), ## input)
267 
268 /*
269  * This is similar to alternative_input. But it has two features and
270  * respective instructions.
271  *
272  * If CPU has feature2, newinstr2 is used.
273  * Otherwise, if CPU has feature1, newinstr1 is used.
274  * Otherwise, oldinstr is used.
275  */
276 #define alternative_input_2(oldinstr, newinstr1, feature1, newinstr2,	     \
277 			   feature2, input...)				     \
278 	asm_inline volatile(ALTERNATIVE_2(oldinstr, newinstr1, feature1,     \
279 		newinstr2, feature2)					     \
280 		: : "i" (0), ## input)
281 
282 /* Like alternative_input, but with a single output argument */
283 #define alternative_io(oldinstr, newinstr, feature, output, input...)	\
284 	asm_inline volatile (ALTERNATIVE(oldinstr, newinstr, feature)	\
285 		: output : "i" (0), ## input)
286 
287 /* Like alternative_io, but for replacing a direct call with another one. */
288 #define alternative_call(oldfunc, newfunc, feature, output, input...)	\
289 	asm_inline volatile (ALTERNATIVE("call %P[old]", "call %P[new]", feature) \
290 		: output : [old] "i" (oldfunc), [new] "i" (newfunc), ## input)
291 
292 /*
293  * Like alternative_call, but there are two features and respective functions.
294  * If CPU has feature2, function2 is used.
295  * Otherwise, if CPU has feature1, function1 is used.
296  * Otherwise, old function is used.
297  */
298 #define alternative_call_2(oldfunc, newfunc1, feature1, newfunc2, feature2,   \
299 			   output, input...)				      \
300 	asm_inline volatile (ALTERNATIVE_2("call %P[old]", "call %P[new1]", feature1,\
301 		"call %P[new2]", feature2)				      \
302 		: output, ASM_CALL_CONSTRAINT				      \
303 		: [old] "i" (oldfunc), [new1] "i" (newfunc1),		      \
304 		  [new2] "i" (newfunc2), ## input)
305 
306 /*
307  * use this macro(s) if you need more than one output parameter
308  * in alternative_io
309  */
310 #define ASM_OUTPUT2(a...) a
311 
312 /*
313  * use this macro if you need clobbers but no inputs in
314  * alternative_{input,io,call}()
315  */
316 #define ASM_NO_INPUT_CLOBBER(clbr...) "i" (0) : clbr
317 
318 #else /* __ASSEMBLY__ */
319 
320 #ifdef CONFIG_SMP
321 	.macro LOCK_PREFIX
322 672:	lock
323 	.pushsection .smp_locks,"a"
324 	.balign 4
325 	.long 672b - .
326 	.popsection
327 	.endm
328 #else
329 	.macro LOCK_PREFIX
330 	.endm
331 #endif
332 
333 /*
334  * objtool annotation to ignore the alternatives and only consider the original
335  * instruction(s).
336  */
337 .macro ANNOTATE_IGNORE_ALTERNATIVE
338 	.Lannotate_\@:
339 	.pushsection .discard.ignore_alts
340 	.long .Lannotate_\@ - .
341 	.popsection
342 .endm
343 
344 /*
345  * Issue one struct alt_instr descriptor entry (need to put it into
346  * the section .altinstructions, see below). This entry contains
347  * enough information for the alternatives patching code to patch an
348  * instruction. See apply_alternatives().
349  */
350 .macro altinstruction_entry orig alt feature orig_len alt_len
351 	.long \orig - .
352 	.long \alt - .
353 	.word \feature
354 	.byte \orig_len
355 	.byte \alt_len
356 .endm
357 
358 /*
359  * Define an alternative between two instructions. If @feature is
360  * present, early code in apply_alternatives() replaces @oldinstr with
361  * @newinstr. ".skip" directive takes care of proper instruction padding
362  * in case @newinstr is longer than @oldinstr.
363  */
364 .macro ALTERNATIVE oldinstr, newinstr, feature
365 140:
366 	\oldinstr
367 141:
368 	.skip -(((144f-143f)-(141b-140b)) > 0) * ((144f-143f)-(141b-140b)),0x90
369 142:
370 
371 	.pushsection .altinstructions,"a"
372 	altinstruction_entry 140b,143f,\feature,142b-140b,144f-143f
373 	.popsection
374 
375 	.pushsection .altinstr_replacement,"ax"
376 143:
377 	\newinstr
378 144:
379 	.popsection
380 .endm
381 
382 #define old_len			141b-140b
383 #define new_len1		144f-143f
384 #define new_len2		145f-144f
385 #define new_len3		146f-145f
386 
387 /*
388  * gas compatible max based on the idea from:
389  * http://graphics.stanford.edu/~seander/bithacks.html#IntegerMinOrMax
390  *
391  * The additional "-" is needed because gas uses a "true" value of -1.
392  */
393 #define alt_max_2(a, b)		((a) ^ (((a) ^ (b)) & -(-((a) < (b)))))
394 #define alt_max_3(a, b, c)	(alt_max_2(alt_max_2(a, b), c))
395 
396 
397 /*
398  * Same as ALTERNATIVE macro above but for two alternatives. If CPU
399  * has @feature1, it replaces @oldinstr with @newinstr1. If CPU has
400  * @feature2, it replaces @oldinstr with @feature2.
401  */
402 .macro ALTERNATIVE_2 oldinstr, newinstr1, feature1, newinstr2, feature2
403 140:
404 	\oldinstr
405 141:
406 	.skip -((alt_max_2(new_len1, new_len2) - (old_len)) > 0) * \
407 		(alt_max_2(new_len1, new_len2) - (old_len)),0x90
408 142:
409 
410 	.pushsection .altinstructions,"a"
411 	altinstruction_entry 140b,143f,\feature1,142b-140b,144f-143f
412 	altinstruction_entry 140b,144f,\feature2,142b-140b,145f-144f
413 	.popsection
414 
415 	.pushsection .altinstr_replacement,"ax"
416 143:
417 	\newinstr1
418 144:
419 	\newinstr2
420 145:
421 	.popsection
422 .endm
423 
424 .macro ALTERNATIVE_3 oldinstr, newinstr1, feature1, newinstr2, feature2, newinstr3, feature3
425 140:
426 	\oldinstr
427 141:
428 	.skip -((alt_max_3(new_len1, new_len2, new_len3) - (old_len)) > 0) * \
429 		(alt_max_3(new_len1, new_len2, new_len3) - (old_len)),0x90
430 142:
431 
432 	.pushsection .altinstructions,"a"
433 	altinstruction_entry 140b,143f,\feature1,142b-140b,144f-143f
434 	altinstruction_entry 140b,144f,\feature2,142b-140b,145f-144f
435 	altinstruction_entry 140b,145f,\feature3,142b-140b,146f-145f
436 	.popsection
437 
438 	.pushsection .altinstr_replacement,"ax"
439 143:
440 	\newinstr1
441 144:
442 	\newinstr2
443 145:
444 	\newinstr3
445 146:
446 	.popsection
447 .endm
448 
449 /* If @feature is set, patch in @newinstr_yes, otherwise @newinstr_no. */
450 #define ALTERNATIVE_TERNARY(oldinstr, feature, newinstr_yes, newinstr_no) \
451 	ALTERNATIVE_2 oldinstr, newinstr_no, X86_FEATURE_ALWAYS,	\
452 	newinstr_yes, feature
453 
454 #endif /* __ASSEMBLY__ */
455 
456 #endif /* _ASM_X86_ALTERNATIVE_H */
457