xref: /linux/arch/x86/include/asm/alternative.h (revision 1913c7f3fc2514e09262baf2267a82dfdb215c39)
1 /* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
2 #ifndef _ASM_X86_ALTERNATIVE_H
3 #define _ASM_X86_ALTERNATIVE_H
4 
5 #ifndef __ASSEMBLY__
6 
7 #include <linux/types.h>
8 #include <linux/stddef.h>
9 #include <linux/stringify.h>
10 #include <asm/asm.h>
11 
12 /*
13  * Alternative inline assembly for SMP.
14  *
15  * The LOCK_PREFIX macro defined here replaces the LOCK and
16  * LOCK_PREFIX macros used everywhere in the source tree.
17  *
18  * SMP alternatives use the same data structures as the other
19  * alternatives and the X86_FEATURE_UP flag to indicate the case of a
20  * UP system running a SMP kernel.  The existing apply_alternatives()
21  * works fine for patching a SMP kernel for UP.
22  *
23  * The SMP alternative tables can be kept after boot and contain both
24  * UP and SMP versions of the instructions to allow switching back to
25  * SMP at runtime, when hotplugging in a new CPU, which is especially
26  * useful in virtualized environments.
27  *
28  * The very common lock prefix is handled as special case in a
29  * separate table which is a pure address list without replacement ptr
30  * and size information.  That keeps the table sizes small.
31  */
32 
33 #ifdef CONFIG_SMP
34 #define LOCK_PREFIX_HERE \
35 		".pushsection .smp_locks,\"a\"\n"	\
36 		".balign 4\n"				\
37 		".long 671f - .\n" /* offset */		\
38 		".popsection\n"				\
39 		"671:"
40 
41 #define LOCK_PREFIX LOCK_PREFIX_HERE "\n\tlock; "
42 
43 #else /* ! CONFIG_SMP */
44 #define LOCK_PREFIX_HERE ""
45 #define LOCK_PREFIX ""
46 #endif
47 
48 /*
49  * objtool annotation to ignore the alternatives and only consider the original
50  * instruction(s).
51  */
52 #define ANNOTATE_IGNORE_ALTERNATIVE				\
53 	"999:\n\t"						\
54 	".pushsection .discard.ignore_alts\n\t"			\
55 	".long 999b - .\n\t"					\
56 	".popsection\n\t"
57 
58 struct alt_instr {
59 	s32 instr_offset;	/* original instruction */
60 	s32 repl_offset;	/* offset to replacement instruction */
61 	u16 cpuid;		/* cpuid bit set for replacement */
62 	u8  instrlen;		/* length of original instruction */
63 	u8  replacementlen;	/* length of new instruction */
64 	u8  padlen;		/* length of build-time padding */
65 } __packed;
66 
67 /*
68  * Debug flag that can be tested to see whether alternative
69  * instructions were patched in already:
70  */
71 extern int alternatives_patched;
72 
73 extern void alternative_instructions(void);
74 extern void apply_alternatives(struct alt_instr *start, struct alt_instr *end);
75 
76 struct module;
77 
78 #ifdef CONFIG_SMP
79 extern void alternatives_smp_module_add(struct module *mod, char *name,
80 					void *locks, void *locks_end,
81 					void *text, void *text_end);
82 extern void alternatives_smp_module_del(struct module *mod);
83 extern void alternatives_enable_smp(void);
84 extern int alternatives_text_reserved(void *start, void *end);
85 extern bool skip_smp_alternatives;
86 #else
87 static inline void alternatives_smp_module_add(struct module *mod, char *name,
88 					       void *locks, void *locks_end,
89 					       void *text, void *text_end) {}
90 static inline void alternatives_smp_module_del(struct module *mod) {}
91 static inline void alternatives_enable_smp(void) {}
92 static inline int alternatives_text_reserved(void *start, void *end)
93 {
94 	return 0;
95 }
96 #endif	/* CONFIG_SMP */
97 
98 #define b_replacement(num)	"664"#num
99 #define e_replacement(num)	"665"#num
100 
101 #define alt_end_marker		"663"
102 #define alt_slen		"662b-661b"
103 #define alt_pad_len		alt_end_marker"b-662b"
104 #define alt_total_slen		alt_end_marker"b-661b"
105 #define alt_rlen(num)		e_replacement(num)"f-"b_replacement(num)"f"
106 
107 #define OLDINSTR(oldinstr, num)						\
108 	"# ALT: oldnstr\n"						\
109 	"661:\n\t" oldinstr "\n662:\n"					\
110 	"# ALT: padding\n"						\
111 	".skip -(((" alt_rlen(num) ")-(" alt_slen ")) > 0) * "		\
112 		"((" alt_rlen(num) ")-(" alt_slen ")),0x90\n"		\
113 	alt_end_marker ":\n"
114 
115 /*
116  * gas compatible max based on the idea from:
117  * http://graphics.stanford.edu/~seander/bithacks.html#IntegerMinOrMax
118  *
119  * The additional "-" is needed because gas uses a "true" value of -1.
120  */
121 #define alt_max_short(a, b)	"((" a ") ^ (((" a ") ^ (" b ")) & -(-((" a ") < (" b ")))))"
122 
123 /*
124  * Pad the second replacement alternative with additional NOPs if it is
125  * additionally longer than the first replacement alternative.
126  */
127 #define OLDINSTR_2(oldinstr, num1, num2) \
128 	"# ALT: oldinstr2\n"									\
129 	"661:\n\t" oldinstr "\n662:\n"								\
130 	"# ALT: padding2\n"									\
131 	".skip -((" alt_max_short(alt_rlen(num1), alt_rlen(num2)) " - (" alt_slen ")) > 0) * "	\
132 		"(" alt_max_short(alt_rlen(num1), alt_rlen(num2)) " - (" alt_slen ")), 0x90\n"	\
133 	alt_end_marker ":\n"
134 
135 #define OLDINSTR_3(oldinsn, n1, n2, n3)								\
136 	"# ALT: oldinstr3\n"									\
137 	"661:\n\t" oldinsn "\n662:\n"								\
138 	"# ALT: padding3\n"									\
139 	".skip -((" alt_max_short(alt_max_short(alt_rlen(n1), alt_rlen(n2)), alt_rlen(n3))	\
140 		" - (" alt_slen ")) > 0) * "							\
141 		"(" alt_max_short(alt_max_short(alt_rlen(n1), alt_rlen(n2)), alt_rlen(n3))	\
142 		" - (" alt_slen ")), 0x90\n"							\
143 	alt_end_marker ":\n"
144 
145 #define ALTINSTR_ENTRY(feature, num)					      \
146 	" .long 661b - .\n"				/* label           */ \
147 	" .long " b_replacement(num)"f - .\n"		/* new instruction */ \
148 	" .word " __stringify(feature) "\n"		/* feature bit     */ \
149 	" .byte " alt_total_slen "\n"			/* source len      */ \
150 	" .byte " alt_rlen(num) "\n"			/* replacement len */ \
151 	" .byte " alt_pad_len "\n"			/* pad len */
152 
153 #define ALTINSTR_REPLACEMENT(newinstr, feature, num)	/* replacement */	\
154 	"# ALT: replacement " #num "\n"						\
155 	b_replacement(num)":\n\t" newinstr "\n" e_replacement(num) ":\n"
156 
157 /* alternative assembly primitive: */
158 #define ALTERNATIVE(oldinstr, newinstr, feature)			\
159 	OLDINSTR(oldinstr, 1)						\
160 	".pushsection .altinstructions,\"a\"\n"				\
161 	ALTINSTR_ENTRY(feature, 1)					\
162 	".popsection\n"							\
163 	".pushsection .altinstr_replacement, \"ax\"\n"			\
164 	ALTINSTR_REPLACEMENT(newinstr, feature, 1)			\
165 	".popsection\n"
166 
167 #define ALTERNATIVE_2(oldinstr, newinstr1, feature1, newinstr2, feature2)\
168 	OLDINSTR_2(oldinstr, 1, 2)					\
169 	".pushsection .altinstructions,\"a\"\n"				\
170 	ALTINSTR_ENTRY(feature1, 1)					\
171 	ALTINSTR_ENTRY(feature2, 2)					\
172 	".popsection\n"							\
173 	".pushsection .altinstr_replacement, \"ax\"\n"			\
174 	ALTINSTR_REPLACEMENT(newinstr1, feature1, 1)			\
175 	ALTINSTR_REPLACEMENT(newinstr2, feature2, 2)			\
176 	".popsection\n"
177 
178 #define ALTERNATIVE_3(oldinsn, newinsn1, feat1, newinsn2, feat2, newinsn3, feat3) \
179 	OLDINSTR_3(oldinsn, 1, 2, 3)						\
180 	".pushsection .altinstructions,\"a\"\n"					\
181 	ALTINSTR_ENTRY(feat1, 1)						\
182 	ALTINSTR_ENTRY(feat2, 2)						\
183 	ALTINSTR_ENTRY(feat3, 3)						\
184 	".popsection\n"								\
185 	".pushsection .altinstr_replacement, \"ax\"\n"				\
186 	ALTINSTR_REPLACEMENT(newinsn1, feat1, 1)				\
187 	ALTINSTR_REPLACEMENT(newinsn2, feat2, 2)				\
188 	ALTINSTR_REPLACEMENT(newinsn3, feat3, 3)				\
189 	".popsection\n"
190 
191 /*
192  * Alternative instructions for different CPU types or capabilities.
193  *
194  * This allows to use optimized instructions even on generic binary
195  * kernels.
196  *
197  * length of oldinstr must be longer or equal the length of newinstr
198  * It can be padded with nops as needed.
199  *
200  * For non barrier like inlines please define new variants
201  * without volatile and memory clobber.
202  */
203 #define alternative(oldinstr, newinstr, feature)			\
204 	asm_inline volatile (ALTERNATIVE(oldinstr, newinstr, feature) : : : "memory")
205 
206 #define alternative_2(oldinstr, newinstr1, feature1, newinstr2, feature2) \
207 	asm_inline volatile(ALTERNATIVE_2(oldinstr, newinstr1, feature1, newinstr2, feature2) ::: "memory")
208 
209 /*
210  * Alternative inline assembly with input.
211  *
212  * Peculiarities:
213  * No memory clobber here.
214  * Argument numbers start with 1.
215  * Best is to use constraints that are fixed size (like (%1) ... "r")
216  * If you use variable sized constraints like "m" or "g" in the
217  * replacement make sure to pad to the worst case length.
218  * Leaving an unused argument 0 to keep API compatibility.
219  */
220 #define alternative_input(oldinstr, newinstr, feature, input...)	\
221 	asm_inline volatile (ALTERNATIVE(oldinstr, newinstr, feature)	\
222 		: : "i" (0), ## input)
223 
224 /*
225  * This is similar to alternative_input. But it has two features and
226  * respective instructions.
227  *
228  * If CPU has feature2, newinstr2 is used.
229  * Otherwise, if CPU has feature1, newinstr1 is used.
230  * Otherwise, oldinstr is used.
231  */
232 #define alternative_input_2(oldinstr, newinstr1, feature1, newinstr2,	     \
233 			   feature2, input...)				     \
234 	asm_inline volatile(ALTERNATIVE_2(oldinstr, newinstr1, feature1,     \
235 		newinstr2, feature2)					     \
236 		: : "i" (0), ## input)
237 
238 /* Like alternative_input, but with a single output argument */
239 #define alternative_io(oldinstr, newinstr, feature, output, input...)	\
240 	asm_inline volatile (ALTERNATIVE(oldinstr, newinstr, feature)	\
241 		: output : "i" (0), ## input)
242 
243 /* Like alternative_io, but for replacing a direct call with another one. */
244 #define alternative_call(oldfunc, newfunc, feature, output, input...)	\
245 	asm_inline volatile (ALTERNATIVE("call %P[old]", "call %P[new]", feature) \
246 		: output : [old] "i" (oldfunc), [new] "i" (newfunc), ## input)
247 
248 /*
249  * Like alternative_call, but there are two features and respective functions.
250  * If CPU has feature2, function2 is used.
251  * Otherwise, if CPU has feature1, function1 is used.
252  * Otherwise, old function is used.
253  */
254 #define alternative_call_2(oldfunc, newfunc1, feature1, newfunc2, feature2,   \
255 			   output, input...)				      \
256 	asm_inline volatile (ALTERNATIVE_2("call %P[old]", "call %P[new1]", feature1,\
257 		"call %P[new2]", feature2)				      \
258 		: output, ASM_CALL_CONSTRAINT				      \
259 		: [old] "i" (oldfunc), [new1] "i" (newfunc1),		      \
260 		  [new2] "i" (newfunc2), ## input)
261 
262 /*
263  * use this macro(s) if you need more than one output parameter
264  * in alternative_io
265  */
266 #define ASM_OUTPUT2(a...) a
267 
268 /*
269  * use this macro if you need clobbers but no inputs in
270  * alternative_{input,io,call}()
271  */
272 #define ASM_NO_INPUT_CLOBBER(clbr...) "i" (0) : clbr
273 
274 #endif /* __ASSEMBLY__ */
275 
276 #endif /* _ASM_X86_ALTERNATIVE_H */
277