xref: /linux/arch/x86/entry/entry_64_compat.S (revision 001821b0e79716c4e17c71d8e053a23599a7a508)
1/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
2/*
3 * Compatibility mode system call entry point for x86-64.
4 *
5 * Copyright 2000-2002 Andi Kleen, SuSE Labs.
6 */
7#include <asm/asm-offsets.h>
8#include <asm/current.h>
9#include <asm/errno.h>
10#include <asm/thread_info.h>
11#include <asm/segment.h>
12#include <asm/irqflags.h>
13#include <asm/asm.h>
14#include <asm/smap.h>
15#include <asm/nospec-branch.h>
16#include <linux/linkage.h>
17#include <linux/err.h>
18
19#include "calling.h"
20
21	.section .entry.text, "ax"
22
23/*
24 * 32-bit SYSENTER entry.
25 *
26 * 32-bit system calls through the vDSO's __kernel_vsyscall enter here
27 * on 64-bit kernels running on Intel CPUs.
28 *
29 * The SYSENTER instruction, in principle, should *only* occur in the
30 * vDSO.  In practice, a small number of Android devices were shipped
31 * with a copy of Bionic that inlined a SYSENTER instruction.  This
32 * never happened in any of Google's Bionic versions -- it only happened
33 * in a narrow range of Intel-provided versions.
34 *
35 * SYSENTER loads SS, RSP, CS, and RIP from previously programmed MSRs.
36 * IF and VM in RFLAGS are cleared (IOW: interrupts are off).
37 * SYSENTER does not save anything on the stack,
38 * and does not save old RIP (!!!), RSP, or RFLAGS.
39 *
40 * Arguments:
41 * eax  system call number
42 * ebx  arg1
43 * ecx  arg2
44 * edx  arg3
45 * esi  arg4
46 * edi  arg5
47 * ebp  user stack
48 * 0(%ebp) arg6
49 */
50SYM_CODE_START(entry_SYSENTER_compat)
51	UNWIND_HINT_ENTRY
52	ENDBR
53	/* Interrupts are off on entry. */
54	swapgs
55
56	pushq	%rax
57	SWITCH_TO_KERNEL_CR3 scratch_reg=%rax
58	popq	%rax
59
60	movq	PER_CPU_VAR(pcpu_hot + X86_top_of_stack), %rsp
61
62	/* Construct struct pt_regs on stack */
63	pushq	$__USER_DS		/* pt_regs->ss */
64	pushq	$0			/* pt_regs->sp = 0 (placeholder) */
65
66	/*
67	 * Push flags.  This is nasty.  First, interrupts are currently
68	 * off, but we need pt_regs->flags to have IF set.  Second, if TS
69	 * was set in usermode, it's still set, and we're singlestepping
70	 * through this code.  do_SYSENTER_32() will fix up IF.
71	 */
72	pushfq				/* pt_regs->flags (except IF = 0) */
73	pushq	$__USER32_CS		/* pt_regs->cs */
74	pushq	$0			/* pt_regs->ip = 0 (placeholder) */
75SYM_INNER_LABEL(entry_SYSENTER_compat_after_hwframe, SYM_L_GLOBAL)
76
77	/*
78	 * User tracing code (ptrace or signal handlers) might assume that
79	 * the saved RAX contains a 32-bit number when we're invoking a 32-bit
80	 * syscall.  Just in case the high bits are nonzero, zero-extend
81	 * the syscall number.  (This could almost certainly be deleted
82	 * with no ill effects.)
83	 */
84	movl	%eax, %eax
85
86	pushq	%rax			/* pt_regs->orig_ax */
87	PUSH_AND_CLEAR_REGS rax=$-ENOSYS
88	UNWIND_HINT_REGS
89
90	cld
91
92	IBRS_ENTER
93	UNTRAIN_RET
94	CLEAR_BRANCH_HISTORY
95
96	/*
97	 * SYSENTER doesn't filter flags, so we need to clear NT and AC
98	 * ourselves.  To save a few cycles, we can check whether
99	 * either was set instead of doing an unconditional popfq.
100	 * This needs to happen before enabling interrupts so that
101	 * we don't get preempted with NT set.
102	 *
103	 * If TF is set, we will single-step all the way to here -- do_debug
104	 * will ignore all the traps.  (Yes, this is slow, but so is
105	 * single-stepping in general.  This allows us to avoid having
106	 * a more complicated code to handle the case where a user program
107	 * forces us to single-step through the SYSENTER entry code.)
108	 *
109	 * NB.: .Lsysenter_fix_flags is a label with the code under it moved
110	 * out-of-line as an optimization: NT is unlikely to be set in the
111	 * majority of the cases and instead of polluting the I$ unnecessarily,
112	 * we're keeping that code behind a branch which will predict as
113	 * not-taken and therefore its instructions won't be fetched.
114	 */
115	testl	$X86_EFLAGS_NT|X86_EFLAGS_AC|X86_EFLAGS_TF, EFLAGS(%rsp)
116	jnz	.Lsysenter_fix_flags
117.Lsysenter_flags_fixed:
118
119	movq	%rsp, %rdi
120	call	do_SYSENTER_32
121	jmp	sysret32_from_system_call
122
123.Lsysenter_fix_flags:
124	pushq	$X86_EFLAGS_FIXED
125	popfq
126	jmp	.Lsysenter_flags_fixed
127SYM_INNER_LABEL(__end_entry_SYSENTER_compat, SYM_L_GLOBAL)
128SYM_CODE_END(entry_SYSENTER_compat)
129
130/*
131 * 32-bit SYSCALL entry.
132 *
133 * 32-bit system calls through the vDSO's __kernel_vsyscall enter here
134 * on 64-bit kernels running on AMD CPUs.
135 *
136 * The SYSCALL instruction, in principle, should *only* occur in the
137 * vDSO.  In practice, it appears that this really is the case.
138 * As evidence:
139 *
140 *  - The calling convention for SYSCALL has changed several times without
141 *    anyone noticing.
142 *
143 *  - Prior to the in-kernel X86_BUG_SYSRET_SS_ATTRS fixup, anything
144 *    user task that did SYSCALL without immediately reloading SS
145 *    would randomly crash.
146 *
147 *  - Most programmers do not directly target AMD CPUs, and the 32-bit
148 *    SYSCALL instruction does not exist on Intel CPUs.  Even on AMD
149 *    CPUs, Linux disables the SYSCALL instruction on 32-bit kernels
150 *    because the SYSCALL instruction in legacy/native 32-bit mode (as
151 *    opposed to compat mode) is sufficiently poorly designed as to be
152 *    essentially unusable.
153 *
154 * 32-bit SYSCALL saves RIP to RCX, clears RFLAGS.RF, then saves
155 * RFLAGS to R11, then loads new SS, CS, and RIP from previously
156 * programmed MSRs.  RFLAGS gets masked by a value from another MSR
157 * (so CLD and CLAC are not needed).  SYSCALL does not save anything on
158 * the stack and does not change RSP.
159 *
160 * Note: RFLAGS saving+masking-with-MSR happens only in Long mode
161 * (in legacy 32-bit mode, IF, RF and VM bits are cleared and that's it).
162 * Don't get confused: RFLAGS saving+masking depends on Long Mode Active bit
163 * (EFER.LMA=1), NOT on bitness of userspace where SYSCALL executes
164 * or target CS descriptor's L bit (SYSCALL does not read segment descriptors).
165 *
166 * Arguments:
167 * eax  system call number
168 * ecx  return address
169 * ebx  arg1
170 * ebp  arg2	(note: not saved in the stack frame, should not be touched)
171 * edx  arg3
172 * esi  arg4
173 * edi  arg5
174 * esp  user stack
175 * 0(%esp) arg6
176 */
177SYM_CODE_START(entry_SYSCALL_compat)
178	UNWIND_HINT_ENTRY
179	ENDBR
180	/* Interrupts are off on entry. */
181	swapgs
182
183	/* Stash user ESP */
184	movl	%esp, %r8d
185
186	/* Use %rsp as scratch reg. User ESP is stashed in r8 */
187	SWITCH_TO_KERNEL_CR3 scratch_reg=%rsp
188
189	/* Switch to the kernel stack */
190	movq	PER_CPU_VAR(pcpu_hot + X86_top_of_stack), %rsp
191
192SYM_INNER_LABEL(entry_SYSCALL_compat_safe_stack, SYM_L_GLOBAL)
193	ANNOTATE_NOENDBR
194
195	/* Construct struct pt_regs on stack */
196	pushq	$__USER_DS		/* pt_regs->ss */
197	pushq	%r8			/* pt_regs->sp */
198	pushq	%r11			/* pt_regs->flags */
199	pushq	$__USER32_CS		/* pt_regs->cs */
200	pushq	%rcx			/* pt_regs->ip */
201SYM_INNER_LABEL(entry_SYSCALL_compat_after_hwframe, SYM_L_GLOBAL)
202	movl	%eax, %eax		/* discard orig_ax high bits */
203	pushq	%rax			/* pt_regs->orig_ax */
204	PUSH_AND_CLEAR_REGS rcx=%rbp rax=$-ENOSYS
205	UNWIND_HINT_REGS
206
207	IBRS_ENTER
208	UNTRAIN_RET
209	CLEAR_BRANCH_HISTORY
210
211	movq	%rsp, %rdi
212	call	do_fast_syscall_32
213
214sysret32_from_system_call:
215	/* XEN PV guests always use IRET path */
216	ALTERNATIVE "testb %al, %al; jz swapgs_restore_regs_and_return_to_usermode", \
217		    "jmp swapgs_restore_regs_and_return_to_usermode", X86_FEATURE_XENPV
218
219	/*
220	 * Opportunistic SYSRET
221	 *
222	 * We are not going to return to userspace from the trampoline
223	 * stack. So let's erase the thread stack right now.
224	 */
225	STACKLEAK_ERASE
226
227	IBRS_EXIT
228
229	movq	RBX(%rsp), %rbx		/* pt_regs->rbx */
230	movq	RBP(%rsp), %rbp		/* pt_regs->rbp */
231	movq	EFLAGS(%rsp), %r11	/* pt_regs->flags (in r11) */
232	movq	RIP(%rsp), %rcx		/* pt_regs->ip (in rcx) */
233	addq	$RAX, %rsp		/* Skip r8-r15 */
234	popq	%rax			/* pt_regs->rax */
235	popq	%rdx			/* Skip pt_regs->cx */
236	popq	%rdx			/* pt_regs->dx */
237	popq	%rsi			/* pt_regs->si */
238	popq	%rdi			/* pt_regs->di */
239
240        /*
241         * USERGS_SYSRET32 does:
242         *  GSBASE = user's GS base
243         *  EIP = ECX
244         *  RFLAGS = R11
245         *  CS = __USER32_CS
246         *  SS = __USER_DS
247         *
248	 * ECX will not match pt_regs->cx, but we're returning to a vDSO
249	 * trampoline that will fix up RCX, so this is okay.
250	 *
251	 * R12-R15 are callee-saved, so they contain whatever was in them
252	 * when the system call started, which is already known to user
253	 * code.  We zero R8-R10 to avoid info leaks.
254         */
255	movq	RSP-ORIG_RAX(%rsp), %rsp
256SYM_INNER_LABEL(entry_SYSRETL_compat_unsafe_stack, SYM_L_GLOBAL)
257	ANNOTATE_NOENDBR
258
259	/*
260	 * The original userspace %rsp (RSP-ORIG_RAX(%rsp)) is stored
261	 * on the process stack which is not mapped to userspace and
262	 * not readable after we SWITCH_TO_USER_CR3.  Delay the CR3
263	 * switch until after after the last reference to the process
264	 * stack.
265	 *
266	 * %r8/%r9 are zeroed before the sysret, thus safe to clobber.
267	 */
268	SWITCH_TO_USER_CR3_NOSTACK scratch_reg=%r8 scratch_reg2=%r9
269
270	xorl	%r8d, %r8d
271	xorl	%r9d, %r9d
272	xorl	%r10d, %r10d
273	swapgs
274	CLEAR_CPU_BUFFERS
275	sysretl
276SYM_INNER_LABEL(entry_SYSRETL_compat_end, SYM_L_GLOBAL)
277	ANNOTATE_NOENDBR
278	int3
279SYM_CODE_END(entry_SYSCALL_compat)
280
281/*
282 * int 0x80 is used by 32 bit mode as a system call entry. Normally idt entries
283 * point to C routines, however since this is a system call interface the branch
284 * history needs to be scrubbed to protect against BHI attacks, and that
285 * scrubbing needs to take place in assembly code prior to entering any C
286 * routines.
287 */
288SYM_CODE_START(int80_emulation)
289	ANNOTATE_NOENDBR
290	UNWIND_HINT_FUNC
291	CLEAR_BRANCH_HISTORY
292	jmp do_int80_emulation
293SYM_CODE_END(int80_emulation)
294