xref: /linux/arch/x86/boot/header.S (revision 77d1a4999502c260df0eb2de437d320bf8c64b36)
1/*
2 *	header.S
3 *
4 *	Copyright (C) 1991, 1992 Linus Torvalds
5 *
6 *	Based on bootsect.S and setup.S
7 *	modified by more people than can be counted
8 *
9 *	Rewritten as a common file by H. Peter Anvin (Apr 2007)
10 *
11 * BIG FAT NOTE: We're in real mode using 64k segments.  Therefore segment
12 * addresses must be multiplied by 16 to obtain their respective linear
13 * addresses. To avoid confusion, linear addresses are written using leading
14 * hex while segment addresses are written as segment:offset.
15 *
16 */
17
18#include <asm/segment.h>
19#include <linux/utsrelease.h>
20#include <asm/boot.h>
21#include <asm/e820.h>
22#include <asm/page_types.h>
23#include <asm/setup.h>
24#include "boot.h"
25#include "voffset.h"
26#include "zoffset.h"
27
28BOOTSEG		= 0x07C0		/* original address of boot-sector */
29SYSSEG		= 0x1000		/* historical load address >> 4 */
30
31#ifndef SVGA_MODE
32#define SVGA_MODE ASK_VGA
33#endif
34
35#ifndef RAMDISK
36#define RAMDISK 0
37#endif
38
39#ifndef ROOT_RDONLY
40#define ROOT_RDONLY 1
41#endif
42
43	.code16
44	.section ".bstext", "ax"
45
46	.global bootsect_start
47bootsect_start:
48
49	# Normalize the start address
50	ljmp	$BOOTSEG, $start2
51
52start2:
53	movw	%cs, %ax
54	movw	%ax, %ds
55	movw	%ax, %es
56	movw	%ax, %ss
57	xorw	%sp, %sp
58	sti
59	cld
60
61	movw	$bugger_off_msg, %si
62
63msg_loop:
64	lodsb
65	andb	%al, %al
66	jz	bs_die
67	movb	$0xe, %ah
68	movw	$7, %bx
69	int	$0x10
70	jmp	msg_loop
71
72bs_die:
73	# Allow the user to press a key, then reboot
74	xorw	%ax, %ax
75	int	$0x16
76	int	$0x19
77
78	# int 0x19 should never return.  In case it does anyway,
79	# invoke the BIOS reset code...
80	ljmp	$0xf000,$0xfff0
81
82	.section ".bsdata", "a"
83bugger_off_msg:
84	.ascii	"Direct booting from floppy is no longer supported.\r\n"
85	.ascii	"Please use a boot loader program instead.\r\n"
86	.ascii	"\n"
87	.ascii	"Remove disk and press any key to reboot . . .\r\n"
88	.byte	0
89
90
91	# Kernel attributes; used by setup.  This is part 1 of the
92	# header, from the old boot sector.
93
94	.section ".header", "a"
95	.globl	hdr
96hdr:
97setup_sects:	.byte 0			/* Filled in by build.c */
98root_flags:	.word ROOT_RDONLY
99syssize:	.long 0			/* Filled in by build.c */
100ram_size:	.word 0			/* Obsolete */
101vid_mode:	.word SVGA_MODE
102root_dev:	.word 0			/* Filled in by build.c */
103boot_flag:	.word 0xAA55
104
105	# offset 512, entry point
106
107	.globl	_start
108_start:
109		# Explicitly enter this as bytes, or the assembler
110		# tries to generate a 3-byte jump here, which causes
111		# everything else to push off to the wrong offset.
112		.byte	0xeb		# short (2-byte) jump
113		.byte	start_of_setup-1f
1141:
115
116	# Part 2 of the header, from the old setup.S
117
118		.ascii	"HdrS"		# header signature
119		.word	0x0209		# header version number (>= 0x0105)
120					# or else old loadlin-1.5 will fail)
121		.globl realmode_swtch
122realmode_swtch:	.word	0, 0		# default_switch, SETUPSEG
123start_sys_seg:	.word	SYSSEG		# obsolete and meaningless, but just
124					# in case something decided to "use" it
125		.word	kernel_version-512 # pointing to kernel version string
126					# above section of header is compatible
127					# with loadlin-1.5 (header v1.5). Don't
128					# change it.
129
130type_of_loader:	.byte	0		# 0 means ancient bootloader, newer
131					# bootloaders know to change this.
132					# See Documentation/i386/boot.txt for
133					# assigned ids
134
135# flags, unused bits must be zero (RFU) bit within loadflags
136loadflags:
137LOADED_HIGH	= 1			# If set, the kernel is loaded high
138CAN_USE_HEAP	= 0x80			# If set, the loader also has set
139					# heap_end_ptr to tell how much
140					# space behind setup.S can be used for
141					# heap purposes.
142					# Only the loader knows what is free
143		.byte	LOADED_HIGH
144
145setup_move_size: .word  0x8000		# size to move, when setup is not
146					# loaded at 0x90000. We will move setup
147					# to 0x90000 then just before jumping
148					# into the kernel. However, only the
149					# loader knows how much data behind
150					# us also needs to be loaded.
151
152code32_start:				# here loaders can put a different
153					# start address for 32-bit code.
154		.long	0x100000	# 0x100000 = default for big kernel
155
156ramdisk_image:	.long	0		# address of loaded ramdisk image
157					# Here the loader puts the 32-bit
158					# address where it loaded the image.
159					# This only will be read by the kernel.
160
161ramdisk_size:	.long	0		# its size in bytes
162
163bootsect_kludge:
164		.long	0		# obsolete
165
166heap_end_ptr:	.word	_end+STACK_SIZE-512
167					# (Header version 0x0201 or later)
168					# space from here (exclusive) down to
169					# end of setup code can be used by setup
170					# for local heap purposes.
171
172pad1:		.word	0
173cmd_line_ptr:	.long	0		# (Header version 0x0202 or later)
174					# If nonzero, a 32-bit pointer
175					# to the kernel command line.
176					# The command line should be
177					# located between the start of
178					# setup and the end of low
179					# memory (0xa0000), or it may
180					# get overwritten before it
181					# gets read.  If this field is
182					# used, there is no longer
183					# anything magical about the
184					# 0x90000 segment; the setup
185					# can be located anywhere in
186					# low memory 0x10000 or higher.
187
188ramdisk_max:	.long 0x7fffffff
189					# (Header version 0x0203 or later)
190					# The highest safe address for
191					# the contents of an initrd
192					# The current kernel allows up to 4 GB,
193					# but leave it at 2 GB to avoid
194					# possible bootloader bugs.
195
196kernel_alignment:  .long CONFIG_PHYSICAL_ALIGN	#physical addr alignment
197						#required for protected mode
198						#kernel
199#ifdef CONFIG_RELOCATABLE
200relocatable_kernel:    .byte 1
201#else
202relocatable_kernel:    .byte 0
203#endif
204pad2:			.byte 0
205pad3:			.word 0
206
207cmdline_size:   .long   COMMAND_LINE_SIZE-1     #length of the command line,
208                                                #added with boot protocol
209                                                #version 2.06
210
211hardware_subarch:	.long 0			# subarchitecture, added with 2.07
212						# default to 0 for normal x86 PC
213
214hardware_subarch_data:	.quad 0
215
216payload_offset:		.long ZO_input_data
217payload_length:		.long ZO_z_input_len
218
219setup_data:		.quad 0			# 64-bit physical pointer to
220						# single linked list of
221						# struct setup_data
222
223# End of setup header #####################################################
224
225	.section ".inittext", "ax"
226start_of_setup:
227#ifdef SAFE_RESET_DISK_CONTROLLER
228# Reset the disk controller.
229	movw	$0x0000, %ax		# Reset disk controller
230	movb	$0x80, %dl		# All disks
231	int	$0x13
232#endif
233
234# Force %es = %ds
235	movw	%ds, %ax
236	movw	%ax, %es
237	cld
238
239# Apparently some ancient versions of LILO invoked the kernel with %ss != %ds,
240# which happened to work by accident for the old code.  Recalculate the stack
241# pointer if %ss is invalid.  Otherwise leave it alone, LOADLIN sets up the
242# stack behind its own code, so we can't blindly put it directly past the heap.
243
244	movw	%ss, %dx
245	cmpw	%ax, %dx	# %ds == %ss?
246	movw	%sp, %dx
247	je	2f		# -> assume %sp is reasonably set
248
249	# Invalid %ss, make up a new stack
250	movw	$_end, %dx
251	testb	$CAN_USE_HEAP, loadflags
252	jz	1f
253	movw	heap_end_ptr, %dx
2541:	addw	$STACK_SIZE, %dx
255	jnc	2f
256	xorw	%dx, %dx	# Prevent wraparound
257
2582:	# Now %dx should point to the end of our stack space
259	andw	$~3, %dx	# dword align (might as well...)
260	jnz	3f
261	movw	$0xfffc, %dx	# Make sure we're not zero
2623:	movw	%ax, %ss
263	movzwl	%dx, %esp	# Clear upper half of %esp
264	sti			# Now we should have a working stack
265
266# We will have entered with %cs = %ds+0x20, normalize %cs so
267# it is on par with the other segments.
268	pushw	%ds
269	pushw	$6f
270	lretw
2716:
272
273# Check signature at end of setup
274	cmpl	$0x5a5aaa55, setup_sig
275	jne	setup_bad
276
277# Zero the bss
278	movw	$__bss_start, %di
279	movw	$_end+3, %cx
280	xorl	%eax, %eax
281	subw	%di, %cx
282	shrw	$2, %cx
283	rep; stosl
284
285# Jump to C code (should not return)
286	calll	main
287
288# Setup corrupt somehow...
289setup_bad:
290	movl	$setup_corrupt, %eax
291	calll	puts
292	# Fall through...
293
294	.globl	die
295	.type	die, @function
296die:
297	hlt
298	jmp	die
299
300	.size	die, .-die
301
302	.section ".initdata", "a"
303setup_corrupt:
304	.byte	7
305	.string	"No setup signature found...\n"
306