xref: /linux/arch/s390/lib/test_unwind.c (revision 3f0a50f345f78183f6e9b39c2f45ca5dcaa511ca)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
2 /*
3  * Test module for unwind_for_each_frame
4  */
5 
6 #include <kunit/test.h>
7 #include <asm/unwind.h>
8 #include <linux/completion.h>
9 #include <linux/kallsyms.h>
10 #include <linux/kthread.h>
11 #include <linux/ftrace.h>
12 #include <linux/module.h>
13 #include <linux/timer.h>
14 #include <linux/slab.h>
15 #include <linux/string.h>
16 #include <linux/kprobes.h>
17 #include <linux/wait.h>
18 #include <asm/irq.h>
19 
20 static struct kunit *current_test;
21 
22 #define BT_BUF_SIZE (PAGE_SIZE * 4)
23 
24 static bool force_bt;
25 module_param_named(backtrace, force_bt, bool, 0444);
26 MODULE_PARM_DESC(backtrace, "print backtraces for all tests");
27 
28 /*
29  * To avoid printk line limit split backtrace by lines
30  */
31 static void print_backtrace(char *bt)
32 {
33 	char *p;
34 
35 	while (true) {
36 		p = strsep(&bt, "\n");
37 		if (!p)
38 			break;
39 		kunit_err(current_test, "%s\n", p);
40 	}
41 }
42 
43 /*
44  * Calls unwind_for_each_frame(task, regs, sp) and verifies that the result
45  * contains unwindme_func2 followed by unwindme_func1.
46  */
47 static noinline int test_unwind(struct task_struct *task, struct pt_regs *regs,
48 				unsigned long sp)
49 {
50 	int frame_count, prev_is_func2, seen_func2_func1, seen_kretprobe_trampoline;
51 	const int max_frames = 128;
52 	struct unwind_state state;
53 	size_t bt_pos = 0;
54 	int ret = 0;
55 	char *bt;
56 
57 	bt = kmalloc(BT_BUF_SIZE, GFP_ATOMIC);
58 	if (!bt) {
59 		kunit_err(current_test, "failed to allocate backtrace buffer\n");
60 		return -ENOMEM;
61 	}
62 	/* Unwind. */
63 	frame_count = 0;
64 	prev_is_func2 = 0;
65 	seen_func2_func1 = 0;
66 	seen_kretprobe_trampoline = 0;
67 	unwind_for_each_frame(&state, task, regs, sp) {
68 		unsigned long addr = unwind_get_return_address(&state);
69 		char sym[KSYM_SYMBOL_LEN];
70 
71 		if (frame_count++ == max_frames)
72 			break;
73 		if (state.reliable && !addr) {
74 			kunit_err(current_test, "unwind state reliable but addr is 0\n");
75 			ret = -EINVAL;
76 			break;
77 		}
78 		sprint_symbol(sym, addr);
79 		if (bt_pos < BT_BUF_SIZE) {
80 			bt_pos += snprintf(bt + bt_pos, BT_BUF_SIZE - bt_pos,
81 					   state.reliable ? " [%-7s%px] %pSR\n" :
82 							    "([%-7s%px] %pSR)\n",
83 					   stack_type_name(state.stack_info.type),
84 					   (void *)state.sp, (void *)state.ip);
85 			if (bt_pos >= BT_BUF_SIZE)
86 				kunit_err(current_test, "backtrace buffer is too small\n");
87 		}
88 		frame_count += 1;
89 		if (prev_is_func2 && str_has_prefix(sym, "unwindme_func1"))
90 			seen_func2_func1 = 1;
91 		prev_is_func2 = str_has_prefix(sym, "unwindme_func2");
92 		if (str_has_prefix(sym, "__kretprobe_trampoline+0x0/"))
93 			seen_kretprobe_trampoline = 1;
94 	}
95 
96 	/* Check the results. */
97 	if (unwind_error(&state)) {
98 		kunit_err(current_test, "unwind error\n");
99 		ret = -EINVAL;
100 	}
101 	if (!seen_func2_func1) {
102 		kunit_err(current_test, "unwindme_func2 and unwindme_func1 not found\n");
103 		ret = -EINVAL;
104 	}
105 	if (frame_count == max_frames) {
106 		kunit_err(current_test, "Maximum number of frames exceeded\n");
107 		ret = -EINVAL;
108 	}
109 	if (seen_kretprobe_trampoline) {
110 		kunit_err(current_test, "__kretprobe_trampoline+0x0 in unwinding results\n");
111 		ret = -EINVAL;
112 	}
113 	if (ret || force_bt)
114 		print_backtrace(bt);
115 	kfree(bt);
116 	return ret;
117 }
118 
119 /* State of the task being unwound. */
120 struct unwindme {
121 	int flags;
122 	int ret;
123 	struct task_struct *task;
124 	struct completion task_ready;
125 	wait_queue_head_t task_wq;
126 	unsigned long sp;
127 };
128 
129 static struct unwindme *unwindme;
130 
131 /* Values of unwindme.flags. */
132 #define UWM_DEFAULT		0x0
133 #define UWM_THREAD		0x1	/* Unwind a separate task. */
134 #define UWM_REGS		0x2	/* Pass regs to test_unwind(). */
135 #define UWM_SP			0x4	/* Pass sp to test_unwind(). */
136 #define UWM_CALLER		0x8	/* Unwind starting from caller. */
137 #define UWM_SWITCH_STACK	0x10	/* Use call_on_stack. */
138 #define UWM_IRQ			0x20	/* Unwind from irq context. */
139 #define UWM_PGM			0x40	/* Unwind from program check handler */
140 #define UWM_KPROBE_ON_FTRACE	0x80	/* Unwind from kprobe handler called via ftrace. */
141 #define UWM_FTRACE		0x100	/* Unwind from ftrace handler. */
142 #define UWM_KRETPROBE		0x200	/* Unwind through kretprobed function. */
143 #define UWM_KRETPROBE_HANDLER	0x400	/* Unwind from kretprobe handler. */
144 
145 static __always_inline struct pt_regs fake_pt_regs(void)
146 {
147 	struct pt_regs regs;
148 
149 	memset(&regs, 0, sizeof(regs));
150 	regs.gprs[15] = current_stack_pointer();
151 
152 	asm volatile(
153 		"basr	%[psw_addr],0\n"
154 		: [psw_addr] "=d" (regs.psw.addr));
155 	return regs;
156 }
157 
158 static int kretprobe_ret_handler(struct kretprobe_instance *ri, struct pt_regs *regs)
159 {
160 	struct unwindme *u = unwindme;
161 
162 	if (!(u->flags & UWM_KRETPROBE_HANDLER))
163 		return 0;
164 
165 	u->ret = test_unwind(NULL, (u->flags & UWM_REGS) ? regs : NULL,
166 			     (u->flags & UWM_SP) ? u->sp : 0);
167 
168 	return 0;
169 }
170 
171 static noinline notrace int test_unwind_kretprobed_func(struct unwindme *u)
172 {
173 	struct pt_regs regs;
174 
175 	if (!(u->flags & UWM_KRETPROBE))
176 		return 0;
177 
178 	regs = fake_pt_regs();
179 	return test_unwind(NULL, (u->flags & UWM_REGS) ? &regs : NULL,
180 			   (u->flags & UWM_SP) ? u->sp : 0);
181 }
182 
183 static noinline int test_unwind_kretprobed_func_caller(struct unwindme *u)
184 {
185 	return test_unwind_kretprobed_func(u);
186 }
187 
188 static int test_unwind_kretprobe(struct unwindme *u)
189 {
190 	int ret;
191 	struct kretprobe my_kretprobe;
192 
193 	if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_KPROBES))
194 		kunit_skip(current_test, "requires CONFIG_KPROBES");
195 
196 	u->ret = -1; /* make sure kprobe is called */
197 	unwindme = u;
198 
199 	memset(&my_kretprobe, 0, sizeof(my_kretprobe));
200 	my_kretprobe.handler = kretprobe_ret_handler;
201 	my_kretprobe.maxactive = 1;
202 	my_kretprobe.kp.addr = (kprobe_opcode_t *)test_unwind_kretprobed_func;
203 
204 	ret = register_kretprobe(&my_kretprobe);
205 
206 	if (ret < 0) {
207 		kunit_err(current_test, "register_kretprobe failed %d\n", ret);
208 		return -EINVAL;
209 	}
210 
211 	ret = test_unwind_kretprobed_func_caller(u);
212 	unregister_kretprobe(&my_kretprobe);
213 	unwindme = NULL;
214 	if (u->flags & UWM_KRETPROBE_HANDLER)
215 		ret = u->ret;
216 	return ret;
217 }
218 
219 static int kprobe_pre_handler(struct kprobe *p, struct pt_regs *regs)
220 {
221 	struct unwindme *u = unwindme;
222 
223 	u->ret = test_unwind(NULL, (u->flags & UWM_REGS) ? regs : NULL,
224 			     (u->flags & UWM_SP) ? u->sp : 0);
225 	return 0;
226 }
227 
228 extern const char test_unwind_kprobed_insn[];
229 
230 static noinline void test_unwind_kprobed_func(void)
231 {
232 	asm volatile(
233 		"	nopr	%%r7\n"
234 		"test_unwind_kprobed_insn:\n"
235 		"	nopr	%%r7\n"
236 		:);
237 }
238 
239 static int test_unwind_kprobe(struct unwindme *u)
240 {
241 	struct kprobe kp;
242 	int ret;
243 
244 	if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_KPROBES))
245 		kunit_skip(current_test, "requires CONFIG_KPROBES");
246 	if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_KPROBES_ON_FTRACE) && u->flags & UWM_KPROBE_ON_FTRACE)
247 		kunit_skip(current_test, "requires CONFIG_KPROBES_ON_FTRACE");
248 
249 	u->ret = -1; /* make sure kprobe is called */
250 	unwindme = u;
251 	memset(&kp, 0, sizeof(kp));
252 	kp.pre_handler = kprobe_pre_handler;
253 	kp.addr = u->flags & UWM_KPROBE_ON_FTRACE ?
254 				(kprobe_opcode_t *)test_unwind_kprobed_func :
255 				(kprobe_opcode_t *)test_unwind_kprobed_insn;
256 	ret = register_kprobe(&kp);
257 	if (ret < 0) {
258 		kunit_err(current_test, "register_kprobe failed %d\n", ret);
259 		return -EINVAL;
260 	}
261 
262 	test_unwind_kprobed_func();
263 	unregister_kprobe(&kp);
264 	unwindme = NULL;
265 	return u->ret;
266 }
267 
268 static void notrace __used test_unwind_ftrace_handler(unsigned long ip,
269 						      unsigned long parent_ip,
270 						      struct ftrace_ops *fops,
271 						      struct ftrace_regs *fregs)
272 {
273 	struct unwindme *u = (struct unwindme *)fregs->regs.gprs[2];
274 
275 	u->ret = test_unwind(NULL, (u->flags & UWM_REGS) ? &fregs->regs : NULL,
276 			     (u->flags & UWM_SP) ? u->sp : 0);
277 }
278 
279 static noinline int test_unwind_ftraced_func(struct unwindme *u)
280 {
281 	return READ_ONCE(u)->ret;
282 }
283 
284 static int test_unwind_ftrace(struct unwindme *u)
285 {
286 	int ret;
287 #ifdef CONFIG_DYNAMIC_FTRACE
288 	struct ftrace_ops *fops;
289 
290 	fops = kunit_kzalloc(current_test, sizeof(*fops), GFP_KERNEL);
291 	fops->func = test_unwind_ftrace_handler;
292 	fops->flags = FTRACE_OPS_FL_DYNAMIC |
293 		     FTRACE_OPS_FL_RECURSION |
294 		     FTRACE_OPS_FL_SAVE_REGS |
295 		     FTRACE_OPS_FL_PERMANENT;
296 #else
297 	kunit_skip(current_test, "requires CONFIG_DYNAMIC_FTRACE");
298 #endif
299 
300 	ret = ftrace_set_filter_ip(fops, (unsigned long)test_unwind_ftraced_func, 0, 0);
301 	if (ret) {
302 		kunit_err(current_test, "failed to set ftrace filter (%d)\n", ret);
303 		return -1;
304 	}
305 
306 	ret = register_ftrace_function(fops);
307 	if (!ret) {
308 		ret = test_unwind_ftraced_func(u);
309 		unregister_ftrace_function(fops);
310 	} else {
311 		kunit_err(current_test, "failed to register ftrace handler (%d)\n", ret);
312 	}
313 
314 	ftrace_set_filter_ip(fops, (unsigned long)test_unwind_ftraced_func, 1, 0);
315 	return ret;
316 }
317 
318 /* This function may or may not appear in the backtrace. */
319 static noinline int unwindme_func4(struct unwindme *u)
320 {
321 	if (!(u->flags & UWM_CALLER))
322 		u->sp = current_frame_address();
323 	if (u->flags & UWM_THREAD) {
324 		complete(&u->task_ready);
325 		wait_event(u->task_wq, kthread_should_park());
326 		kthread_parkme();
327 		return 0;
328 	} else if (u->flags & (UWM_PGM | UWM_KPROBE_ON_FTRACE)) {
329 		return test_unwind_kprobe(u);
330 	} else if (u->flags & (UWM_KRETPROBE | UWM_KRETPROBE_HANDLER)) {
331 		return test_unwind_kretprobe(u);
332 	} else if (u->flags & UWM_FTRACE) {
333 		return test_unwind_ftrace(u);
334 	} else {
335 		struct pt_regs regs = fake_pt_regs();
336 
337 		return test_unwind(NULL,
338 				   (u->flags & UWM_REGS) ? &regs : NULL,
339 				   (u->flags & UWM_SP) ? u->sp : 0);
340 	}
341 }
342 
343 /* This function may or may not appear in the backtrace. */
344 static noinline int unwindme_func3(struct unwindme *u)
345 {
346 	u->sp = current_frame_address();
347 	return unwindme_func4(u);
348 }
349 
350 /* This function must appear in the backtrace. */
351 static noinline int unwindme_func2(struct unwindme *u)
352 {
353 	unsigned long flags;
354 	int rc;
355 
356 	if (u->flags & UWM_SWITCH_STACK) {
357 		local_irq_save(flags);
358 		local_mcck_disable();
359 		rc = call_on_stack(1, S390_lowcore.nodat_stack,
360 				   int, unwindme_func3, struct unwindme *, u);
361 		local_mcck_enable();
362 		local_irq_restore(flags);
363 		return rc;
364 	} else {
365 		return unwindme_func3(u);
366 	}
367 }
368 
369 /* This function must follow unwindme_func2 in the backtrace. */
370 static noinline int unwindme_func1(void *u)
371 {
372 	return unwindme_func2((struct unwindme *)u);
373 }
374 
375 static void unwindme_timer_fn(struct timer_list *unused)
376 {
377 	struct unwindme *u = READ_ONCE(unwindme);
378 
379 	if (u) {
380 		unwindme = NULL;
381 		u->task = NULL;
382 		u->ret = unwindme_func1(u);
383 		complete(&u->task_ready);
384 	}
385 }
386 
387 static struct timer_list unwind_timer;
388 
389 static int test_unwind_irq(struct unwindme *u)
390 {
391 	unwindme = u;
392 	init_completion(&u->task_ready);
393 	timer_setup(&unwind_timer, unwindme_timer_fn, 0);
394 	mod_timer(&unwind_timer, jiffies + 1);
395 	wait_for_completion(&u->task_ready);
396 	return u->ret;
397 }
398 
399 /* Spawns a task and passes it to test_unwind(). */
400 static int test_unwind_task(struct unwindme *u)
401 {
402 	struct task_struct *task;
403 	int ret;
404 
405 	/* Initialize thread-related fields. */
406 	init_completion(&u->task_ready);
407 	init_waitqueue_head(&u->task_wq);
408 
409 	/*
410 	 * Start the task and wait until it reaches unwindme_func4() and sleeps
411 	 * in (task_ready, unwind_done] range.
412 	 */
413 	task = kthread_run(unwindme_func1, u, "%s", __func__);
414 	if (IS_ERR(task)) {
415 		kunit_err(current_test, "kthread_run() failed\n");
416 		return PTR_ERR(task);
417 	}
418 	/*
419 	 * Make sure task reaches unwindme_func4 before parking it,
420 	 * we might park it before kthread function has been executed otherwise
421 	 */
422 	wait_for_completion(&u->task_ready);
423 	kthread_park(task);
424 	/* Unwind. */
425 	ret = test_unwind(task, NULL, (u->flags & UWM_SP) ? u->sp : 0);
426 	kthread_stop(task);
427 	return ret;
428 }
429 
430 struct test_params {
431 	int flags;
432 	char *name;
433 };
434 
435 /*
436  * Create required parameter list for tests
437  */
438 #define TEST_WITH_FLAGS(f) { .flags = f, .name = #f }
439 static const struct test_params param_list[] = {
440 	TEST_WITH_FLAGS(UWM_DEFAULT),
441 	TEST_WITH_FLAGS(UWM_SP),
442 	TEST_WITH_FLAGS(UWM_REGS),
443 	TEST_WITH_FLAGS(UWM_SWITCH_STACK),
444 	TEST_WITH_FLAGS(UWM_SP | UWM_REGS),
445 	TEST_WITH_FLAGS(UWM_CALLER | UWM_SP),
446 	TEST_WITH_FLAGS(UWM_CALLER | UWM_SP | UWM_REGS),
447 	TEST_WITH_FLAGS(UWM_CALLER | UWM_SP | UWM_REGS | UWM_SWITCH_STACK),
448 	TEST_WITH_FLAGS(UWM_THREAD),
449 	TEST_WITH_FLAGS(UWM_THREAD | UWM_SP),
450 	TEST_WITH_FLAGS(UWM_THREAD | UWM_CALLER | UWM_SP),
451 	TEST_WITH_FLAGS(UWM_IRQ),
452 	TEST_WITH_FLAGS(UWM_IRQ | UWM_SWITCH_STACK),
453 	TEST_WITH_FLAGS(UWM_IRQ | UWM_SP),
454 	TEST_WITH_FLAGS(UWM_IRQ | UWM_REGS),
455 	TEST_WITH_FLAGS(UWM_IRQ | UWM_SP | UWM_REGS),
456 	TEST_WITH_FLAGS(UWM_IRQ | UWM_CALLER | UWM_SP),
457 	TEST_WITH_FLAGS(UWM_IRQ | UWM_CALLER | UWM_SP | UWM_REGS),
458 	TEST_WITH_FLAGS(UWM_IRQ | UWM_CALLER | UWM_SP | UWM_REGS | UWM_SWITCH_STACK),
459 	TEST_WITH_FLAGS(UWM_PGM),
460 	TEST_WITH_FLAGS(UWM_PGM | UWM_SP),
461 	TEST_WITH_FLAGS(UWM_PGM | UWM_REGS),
462 	TEST_WITH_FLAGS(UWM_PGM | UWM_SP | UWM_REGS),
463 	TEST_WITH_FLAGS(UWM_KPROBE_ON_FTRACE),
464 	TEST_WITH_FLAGS(UWM_KPROBE_ON_FTRACE | UWM_SP),
465 	TEST_WITH_FLAGS(UWM_KPROBE_ON_FTRACE | UWM_REGS),
466 	TEST_WITH_FLAGS(UWM_KPROBE_ON_FTRACE | UWM_SP | UWM_REGS),
467 	TEST_WITH_FLAGS(UWM_FTRACE),
468 	TEST_WITH_FLAGS(UWM_FTRACE | UWM_SP),
469 	TEST_WITH_FLAGS(UWM_FTRACE | UWM_REGS),
470 	TEST_WITH_FLAGS(UWM_FTRACE | UWM_SP | UWM_REGS),
471 	TEST_WITH_FLAGS(UWM_KRETPROBE),
472 	TEST_WITH_FLAGS(UWM_KRETPROBE | UWM_SP),
473 	TEST_WITH_FLAGS(UWM_KRETPROBE | UWM_REGS),
474 	TEST_WITH_FLAGS(UWM_KRETPROBE | UWM_SP | UWM_REGS),
475 	TEST_WITH_FLAGS(UWM_KRETPROBE_HANDLER),
476 	TEST_WITH_FLAGS(UWM_KRETPROBE_HANDLER | UWM_SP),
477 	TEST_WITH_FLAGS(UWM_KRETPROBE_HANDLER | UWM_REGS),
478 	TEST_WITH_FLAGS(UWM_KRETPROBE_HANDLER | UWM_SP | UWM_REGS),
479 };
480 
481 /*
482  * Parameter description generator: required for KUNIT_ARRAY_PARAM()
483  */
484 static void get_desc(const struct test_params *params, char *desc)
485 {
486 	strscpy(desc, params->name, KUNIT_PARAM_DESC_SIZE);
487 }
488 
489 /*
490  * Create test_unwind_gen_params
491  */
492 KUNIT_ARRAY_PARAM(test_unwind, param_list, get_desc);
493 
494 static void test_unwind_flags(struct kunit *test)
495 {
496 	struct unwindme u;
497 	const struct test_params *params;
498 
499 	current_test = test;
500 	params = (const struct test_params *)test->param_value;
501 	u.flags = params->flags;
502 	if (u.flags & UWM_THREAD)
503 		KUNIT_EXPECT_EQ(test, 0, test_unwind_task(&u));
504 	else if (u.flags & UWM_IRQ)
505 		KUNIT_EXPECT_EQ(test, 0, test_unwind_irq(&u));
506 	else
507 		KUNIT_EXPECT_EQ(test, 0, unwindme_func1(&u));
508 }
509 
510 static struct kunit_case unwind_test_cases[] = {
511 	KUNIT_CASE_PARAM(test_unwind_flags, test_unwind_gen_params),
512 	{}
513 };
514 
515 static struct kunit_suite test_unwind_suite = {
516 	.name = "test_unwind",
517 	.test_cases = unwind_test_cases,
518 };
519 
520 kunit_test_suites(&test_unwind_suite);
521 
522 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
523