xref: /linux/arch/riscv/mm/init.c (revision 9a4e47ef98a3041f6d2869ba2cd3401701776275)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
2 /*
3  * Copyright (C) 2012 Regents of the University of California
4  * Copyright (C) 2019 Western Digital Corporation or its affiliates.
5  * Copyright (C) 2020 FORTH-ICS/CARV
6  *  Nick Kossifidis <mick@ics.forth.gr>
7  */
8 
9 #include <linux/init.h>
10 #include <linux/mm.h>
11 #include <linux/memblock.h>
12 #include <linux/initrd.h>
13 #include <linux/swap.h>
14 #include <linux/swiotlb.h>
15 #include <linux/sizes.h>
16 #include <linux/of_fdt.h>
17 #include <linux/of_reserved_mem.h>
18 #include <linux/libfdt.h>
19 #include <linux/set_memory.h>
20 #include <linux/dma-map-ops.h>
21 #include <linux/crash_dump.h>
22 #include <linux/hugetlb.h>
23 #ifdef CONFIG_RELOCATABLE
24 #include <linux/elf.h>
25 #endif
26 #include <linux/kfence.h>
27 
28 #include <asm/fixmap.h>
29 #include <asm/io.h>
30 #include <asm/numa.h>
31 #include <asm/pgtable.h>
32 #include <asm/ptdump.h>
33 #include <asm/sections.h>
34 #include <asm/soc.h>
35 #include <asm/tlbflush.h>
36 
37 #include "../kernel/head.h"
38 
39 struct kernel_mapping kernel_map __ro_after_init;
40 EXPORT_SYMBOL(kernel_map);
41 #ifdef CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL
42 #define kernel_map	(*(struct kernel_mapping *)XIP_FIXUP(&kernel_map))
43 #endif
44 
45 #ifdef CONFIG_64BIT
46 u64 satp_mode __ro_after_init = !IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL) ? SATP_MODE_57 : SATP_MODE_39;
47 #else
48 u64 satp_mode __ro_after_init = SATP_MODE_32;
49 #endif
50 EXPORT_SYMBOL(satp_mode);
51 
52 #ifdef CONFIG_64BIT
53 bool pgtable_l4_enabled = IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_64BIT) && !IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL);
54 bool pgtable_l5_enabled = IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_64BIT) && !IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL);
55 EXPORT_SYMBOL(pgtable_l4_enabled);
56 EXPORT_SYMBOL(pgtable_l5_enabled);
57 #endif
58 
59 phys_addr_t phys_ram_base __ro_after_init;
60 EXPORT_SYMBOL(phys_ram_base);
61 
62 unsigned long empty_zero_page[PAGE_SIZE / sizeof(unsigned long)]
63 							__page_aligned_bss;
64 EXPORT_SYMBOL(empty_zero_page);
65 
66 extern char _start[];
67 void *_dtb_early_va __initdata;
68 uintptr_t _dtb_early_pa __initdata;
69 
70 phys_addr_t dma32_phys_limit __initdata;
71 
72 static void __init zone_sizes_init(void)
73 {
74 	unsigned long max_zone_pfns[MAX_NR_ZONES] = { 0, };
75 
76 #ifdef CONFIG_ZONE_DMA32
77 	max_zone_pfns[ZONE_DMA32] = PFN_DOWN(dma32_phys_limit);
78 #endif
79 	max_zone_pfns[ZONE_NORMAL] = max_low_pfn;
80 
81 	free_area_init(max_zone_pfns);
82 }
83 
84 #if defined(CONFIG_MMU) && defined(CONFIG_DEBUG_VM)
85 
86 #define LOG2_SZ_1K  ilog2(SZ_1K)
87 #define LOG2_SZ_1M  ilog2(SZ_1M)
88 #define LOG2_SZ_1G  ilog2(SZ_1G)
89 #define LOG2_SZ_1T  ilog2(SZ_1T)
90 
91 static inline void print_mlk(char *name, unsigned long b, unsigned long t)
92 {
93 	pr_notice("%12s : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx   (%4ld kB)\n", name, b, t,
94 		  (((t) - (b)) >> LOG2_SZ_1K));
95 }
96 
97 static inline void print_mlm(char *name, unsigned long b, unsigned long t)
98 {
99 	pr_notice("%12s : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx   (%4ld MB)\n", name, b, t,
100 		  (((t) - (b)) >> LOG2_SZ_1M));
101 }
102 
103 static inline void print_mlg(char *name, unsigned long b, unsigned long t)
104 {
105 	pr_notice("%12s : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx   (%4ld GB)\n", name, b, t,
106 		   (((t) - (b)) >> LOG2_SZ_1G));
107 }
108 
109 #ifdef CONFIG_64BIT
110 static inline void print_mlt(char *name, unsigned long b, unsigned long t)
111 {
112 	pr_notice("%12s : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx   (%4ld TB)\n", name, b, t,
113 		   (((t) - (b)) >> LOG2_SZ_1T));
114 }
115 #else
116 #define print_mlt(n, b, t) do {} while (0)
117 #endif
118 
119 static inline void print_ml(char *name, unsigned long b, unsigned long t)
120 {
121 	unsigned long diff = t - b;
122 
123 	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_64BIT) && (diff >> LOG2_SZ_1T) >= 10)
124 		print_mlt(name, b, t);
125 	else if ((diff >> LOG2_SZ_1G) >= 10)
126 		print_mlg(name, b, t);
127 	else if ((diff >> LOG2_SZ_1M) >= 10)
128 		print_mlm(name, b, t);
129 	else
130 		print_mlk(name, b, t);
131 }
132 
133 static void __init print_vm_layout(void)
134 {
135 	pr_notice("Virtual kernel memory layout:\n");
136 	print_ml("fixmap", (unsigned long)FIXADDR_START,
137 		(unsigned long)FIXADDR_TOP);
138 	print_ml("pci io", (unsigned long)PCI_IO_START,
139 		(unsigned long)PCI_IO_END);
140 	print_ml("vmemmap", (unsigned long)VMEMMAP_START,
141 		(unsigned long)VMEMMAP_END);
142 	print_ml("vmalloc", (unsigned long)VMALLOC_START,
143 		(unsigned long)VMALLOC_END);
144 #ifdef CONFIG_64BIT
145 	print_ml("modules", (unsigned long)MODULES_VADDR,
146 		(unsigned long)MODULES_END);
147 #endif
148 	print_ml("lowmem", (unsigned long)PAGE_OFFSET,
149 		(unsigned long)high_memory);
150 	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_64BIT)) {
151 #ifdef CONFIG_KASAN
152 		print_ml("kasan", KASAN_SHADOW_START, KASAN_SHADOW_END);
153 #endif
154 
155 		print_ml("kernel", (unsigned long)kernel_map.virt_addr,
156 			 (unsigned long)ADDRESS_SPACE_END);
157 	}
158 }
159 #else
160 static void print_vm_layout(void) { }
161 #endif /* CONFIG_DEBUG_VM */
162 
163 void __init mem_init(void)
164 {
165 #ifdef CONFIG_FLATMEM
166 	BUG_ON(!mem_map);
167 #endif /* CONFIG_FLATMEM */
168 
169 	swiotlb_init(max_pfn > PFN_DOWN(dma32_phys_limit), SWIOTLB_VERBOSE);
170 	memblock_free_all();
171 
172 	print_vm_layout();
173 }
174 
175 /* Limit the memory size via mem. */
176 static phys_addr_t memory_limit;
177 #ifdef CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL
178 #define memory_limit	(*(phys_addr_t *)XIP_FIXUP(&memory_limit))
179 #endif /* CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL */
180 
181 static int __init early_mem(char *p)
182 {
183 	u64 size;
184 
185 	if (!p)
186 		return 1;
187 
188 	size = memparse(p, &p) & PAGE_MASK;
189 	memory_limit = min_t(u64, size, memory_limit);
190 
191 	pr_notice("Memory limited to %lldMB\n", (u64)memory_limit >> 20);
192 
193 	return 0;
194 }
195 early_param("mem", early_mem);
196 
197 static void __init setup_bootmem(void)
198 {
199 	phys_addr_t vmlinux_end = __pa_symbol(&_end);
200 	phys_addr_t max_mapped_addr;
201 	phys_addr_t phys_ram_end, vmlinux_start;
202 
203 	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL))
204 		vmlinux_start = __pa_symbol(&_sdata);
205 	else
206 		vmlinux_start = __pa_symbol(&_start);
207 
208 	memblock_enforce_memory_limit(memory_limit);
209 
210 	/*
211 	 * Make sure we align the reservation on PMD_SIZE since we will
212 	 * map the kernel in the linear mapping as read-only: we do not want
213 	 * any allocation to happen between _end and the next pmd aligned page.
214 	 */
215 	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_64BIT) && IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_STRICT_KERNEL_RWX))
216 		vmlinux_end = (vmlinux_end + PMD_SIZE - 1) & PMD_MASK;
217 	/*
218 	 * Reserve from the start of the kernel to the end of the kernel
219 	 */
220 	memblock_reserve(vmlinux_start, vmlinux_end - vmlinux_start);
221 
222 	phys_ram_end = memblock_end_of_DRAM();
223 
224 	/*
225 	 * Make sure we align the start of the memory on a PMD boundary so that
226 	 * at worst, we map the linear mapping with PMD mappings.
227 	 */
228 	if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL))
229 		phys_ram_base = memblock_start_of_DRAM() & PMD_MASK;
230 
231 	/*
232 	 * In 64-bit, any use of __va/__pa before this point is wrong as we
233 	 * did not know the start of DRAM before.
234 	 */
235 	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_64BIT))
236 		kernel_map.va_pa_offset = PAGE_OFFSET - phys_ram_base;
237 
238 	/*
239 	 * memblock allocator is not aware of the fact that last 4K bytes of
240 	 * the addressable memory can not be mapped because of IS_ERR_VALUE
241 	 * macro. Make sure that last 4k bytes are not usable by memblock
242 	 * if end of dram is equal to maximum addressable memory.  For 64-bit
243 	 * kernel, this problem can't happen here as the end of the virtual
244 	 * address space is occupied by the kernel mapping then this check must
245 	 * be done as soon as the kernel mapping base address is determined.
246 	 */
247 	if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_64BIT)) {
248 		max_mapped_addr = __pa(~(ulong)0);
249 		if (max_mapped_addr == (phys_ram_end - 1))
250 			memblock_set_current_limit(max_mapped_addr - 4096);
251 	}
252 
253 	min_low_pfn = PFN_UP(phys_ram_base);
254 	max_low_pfn = max_pfn = PFN_DOWN(phys_ram_end);
255 	high_memory = (void *)(__va(PFN_PHYS(max_low_pfn)));
256 
257 	dma32_phys_limit = min(4UL * SZ_1G, (unsigned long)PFN_PHYS(max_low_pfn));
258 	set_max_mapnr(max_low_pfn - ARCH_PFN_OFFSET);
259 
260 	reserve_initrd_mem();
261 
262 	/*
263 	 * No allocation should be done before reserving the memory as defined
264 	 * in the device tree, otherwise the allocation could end up in a
265 	 * reserved region.
266 	 */
267 	early_init_fdt_scan_reserved_mem();
268 
269 	/*
270 	 * If DTB is built in, no need to reserve its memblock.
271 	 * Otherwise, do reserve it but avoid using
272 	 * early_init_fdt_reserve_self() since __pa() does
273 	 * not work for DTB pointers that are fixmap addresses
274 	 */
275 	if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_BUILTIN_DTB))
276 		memblock_reserve(dtb_early_pa, fdt_totalsize(dtb_early_va));
277 
278 	dma_contiguous_reserve(dma32_phys_limit);
279 	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_64BIT))
280 		hugetlb_cma_reserve(PUD_SHIFT - PAGE_SHIFT);
281 }
282 
283 #ifdef CONFIG_MMU
284 struct pt_alloc_ops pt_ops __initdata;
285 
286 pgd_t swapper_pg_dir[PTRS_PER_PGD] __page_aligned_bss;
287 pgd_t trampoline_pg_dir[PTRS_PER_PGD] __page_aligned_bss;
288 static pte_t fixmap_pte[PTRS_PER_PTE] __page_aligned_bss;
289 
290 pgd_t early_pg_dir[PTRS_PER_PGD] __initdata __aligned(PAGE_SIZE);
291 
292 #ifdef CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL
293 #define pt_ops			(*(struct pt_alloc_ops *)XIP_FIXUP(&pt_ops))
294 #define trampoline_pg_dir      ((pgd_t *)XIP_FIXUP(trampoline_pg_dir))
295 #define fixmap_pte             ((pte_t *)XIP_FIXUP(fixmap_pte))
296 #define early_pg_dir           ((pgd_t *)XIP_FIXUP(early_pg_dir))
297 #endif /* CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL */
298 
299 static const pgprot_t protection_map[16] = {
300 	[VM_NONE]					= PAGE_NONE,
301 	[VM_READ]					= PAGE_READ,
302 	[VM_WRITE]					= PAGE_COPY,
303 	[VM_WRITE | VM_READ]				= PAGE_COPY,
304 	[VM_EXEC]					= PAGE_EXEC,
305 	[VM_EXEC | VM_READ]				= PAGE_READ_EXEC,
306 	[VM_EXEC | VM_WRITE]				= PAGE_COPY_EXEC,
307 	[VM_EXEC | VM_WRITE | VM_READ]			= PAGE_COPY_EXEC,
308 	[VM_SHARED]					= PAGE_NONE,
309 	[VM_SHARED | VM_READ]				= PAGE_READ,
310 	[VM_SHARED | VM_WRITE]				= PAGE_SHARED,
311 	[VM_SHARED | VM_WRITE | VM_READ]		= PAGE_SHARED,
312 	[VM_SHARED | VM_EXEC]				= PAGE_EXEC,
313 	[VM_SHARED | VM_EXEC | VM_READ]			= PAGE_READ_EXEC,
314 	[VM_SHARED | VM_EXEC | VM_WRITE]		= PAGE_SHARED_EXEC,
315 	[VM_SHARED | VM_EXEC | VM_WRITE | VM_READ]	= PAGE_SHARED_EXEC
316 };
317 DECLARE_VM_GET_PAGE_PROT
318 
319 void __set_fixmap(enum fixed_addresses idx, phys_addr_t phys, pgprot_t prot)
320 {
321 	unsigned long addr = __fix_to_virt(idx);
322 	pte_t *ptep;
323 
324 	BUG_ON(idx <= FIX_HOLE || idx >= __end_of_fixed_addresses);
325 
326 	ptep = &fixmap_pte[pte_index(addr)];
327 
328 	if (pgprot_val(prot))
329 		set_pte(ptep, pfn_pte(phys >> PAGE_SHIFT, prot));
330 	else
331 		pte_clear(&init_mm, addr, ptep);
332 	local_flush_tlb_page(addr);
333 }
334 
335 static inline pte_t *__init get_pte_virt_early(phys_addr_t pa)
336 {
337 	return (pte_t *)((uintptr_t)pa);
338 }
339 
340 static inline pte_t *__init get_pte_virt_fixmap(phys_addr_t pa)
341 {
342 	clear_fixmap(FIX_PTE);
343 	return (pte_t *)set_fixmap_offset(FIX_PTE, pa);
344 }
345 
346 static inline pte_t *__init get_pte_virt_late(phys_addr_t pa)
347 {
348 	return (pte_t *) __va(pa);
349 }
350 
351 static inline phys_addr_t __init alloc_pte_early(uintptr_t va)
352 {
353 	/*
354 	 * We only create PMD or PGD early mappings so we
355 	 * should never reach here with MMU disabled.
356 	 */
357 	BUG();
358 }
359 
360 static inline phys_addr_t __init alloc_pte_fixmap(uintptr_t va)
361 {
362 	return memblock_phys_alloc(PAGE_SIZE, PAGE_SIZE);
363 }
364 
365 static phys_addr_t __init alloc_pte_late(uintptr_t va)
366 {
367 	struct ptdesc *ptdesc = pagetable_alloc(GFP_KERNEL & ~__GFP_HIGHMEM, 0);
368 
369 	BUG_ON(!ptdesc || !pagetable_pte_ctor(ptdesc));
370 	return __pa((pte_t *)ptdesc_address(ptdesc));
371 }
372 
373 static void __init create_pte_mapping(pte_t *ptep,
374 				      uintptr_t va, phys_addr_t pa,
375 				      phys_addr_t sz, pgprot_t prot)
376 {
377 	uintptr_t pte_idx = pte_index(va);
378 
379 	BUG_ON(sz != PAGE_SIZE);
380 
381 	if (pte_none(ptep[pte_idx]))
382 		ptep[pte_idx] = pfn_pte(PFN_DOWN(pa), prot);
383 }
384 
385 #ifndef __PAGETABLE_PMD_FOLDED
386 
387 static pmd_t trampoline_pmd[PTRS_PER_PMD] __page_aligned_bss;
388 static pmd_t fixmap_pmd[PTRS_PER_PMD] __page_aligned_bss;
389 static pmd_t early_pmd[PTRS_PER_PMD] __initdata __aligned(PAGE_SIZE);
390 
391 #ifdef CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL
392 #define trampoline_pmd ((pmd_t *)XIP_FIXUP(trampoline_pmd))
393 #define fixmap_pmd     ((pmd_t *)XIP_FIXUP(fixmap_pmd))
394 #define early_pmd      ((pmd_t *)XIP_FIXUP(early_pmd))
395 #endif /* CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL */
396 
397 static p4d_t trampoline_p4d[PTRS_PER_P4D] __page_aligned_bss;
398 static p4d_t fixmap_p4d[PTRS_PER_P4D] __page_aligned_bss;
399 static p4d_t early_p4d[PTRS_PER_P4D] __initdata __aligned(PAGE_SIZE);
400 
401 #ifdef CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL
402 #define trampoline_p4d ((p4d_t *)XIP_FIXUP(trampoline_p4d))
403 #define fixmap_p4d     ((p4d_t *)XIP_FIXUP(fixmap_p4d))
404 #define early_p4d      ((p4d_t *)XIP_FIXUP(early_p4d))
405 #endif /* CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL */
406 
407 static pud_t trampoline_pud[PTRS_PER_PUD] __page_aligned_bss;
408 static pud_t fixmap_pud[PTRS_PER_PUD] __page_aligned_bss;
409 static pud_t early_pud[PTRS_PER_PUD] __initdata __aligned(PAGE_SIZE);
410 
411 #ifdef CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL
412 #define trampoline_pud ((pud_t *)XIP_FIXUP(trampoline_pud))
413 #define fixmap_pud     ((pud_t *)XIP_FIXUP(fixmap_pud))
414 #define early_pud      ((pud_t *)XIP_FIXUP(early_pud))
415 #endif /* CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL */
416 
417 static pmd_t *__init get_pmd_virt_early(phys_addr_t pa)
418 {
419 	/* Before MMU is enabled */
420 	return (pmd_t *)((uintptr_t)pa);
421 }
422 
423 static pmd_t *__init get_pmd_virt_fixmap(phys_addr_t pa)
424 {
425 	clear_fixmap(FIX_PMD);
426 	return (pmd_t *)set_fixmap_offset(FIX_PMD, pa);
427 }
428 
429 static pmd_t *__init get_pmd_virt_late(phys_addr_t pa)
430 {
431 	return (pmd_t *) __va(pa);
432 }
433 
434 static phys_addr_t __init alloc_pmd_early(uintptr_t va)
435 {
436 	BUG_ON((va - kernel_map.virt_addr) >> PUD_SHIFT);
437 
438 	return (uintptr_t)early_pmd;
439 }
440 
441 static phys_addr_t __init alloc_pmd_fixmap(uintptr_t va)
442 {
443 	return memblock_phys_alloc(PAGE_SIZE, PAGE_SIZE);
444 }
445 
446 static phys_addr_t __init alloc_pmd_late(uintptr_t va)
447 {
448 	struct ptdesc *ptdesc = pagetable_alloc(GFP_KERNEL & ~__GFP_HIGHMEM, 0);
449 
450 	BUG_ON(!ptdesc || !pagetable_pmd_ctor(ptdesc));
451 	return __pa((pmd_t *)ptdesc_address(ptdesc));
452 }
453 
454 static void __init create_pmd_mapping(pmd_t *pmdp,
455 				      uintptr_t va, phys_addr_t pa,
456 				      phys_addr_t sz, pgprot_t prot)
457 {
458 	pte_t *ptep;
459 	phys_addr_t pte_phys;
460 	uintptr_t pmd_idx = pmd_index(va);
461 
462 	if (sz == PMD_SIZE) {
463 		if (pmd_none(pmdp[pmd_idx]))
464 			pmdp[pmd_idx] = pfn_pmd(PFN_DOWN(pa), prot);
465 		return;
466 	}
467 
468 	if (pmd_none(pmdp[pmd_idx])) {
469 		pte_phys = pt_ops.alloc_pte(va);
470 		pmdp[pmd_idx] = pfn_pmd(PFN_DOWN(pte_phys), PAGE_TABLE);
471 		ptep = pt_ops.get_pte_virt(pte_phys);
472 		memset(ptep, 0, PAGE_SIZE);
473 	} else {
474 		pte_phys = PFN_PHYS(_pmd_pfn(pmdp[pmd_idx]));
475 		ptep = pt_ops.get_pte_virt(pte_phys);
476 	}
477 
478 	create_pte_mapping(ptep, va, pa, sz, prot);
479 }
480 
481 static pud_t *__init get_pud_virt_early(phys_addr_t pa)
482 {
483 	return (pud_t *)((uintptr_t)pa);
484 }
485 
486 static pud_t *__init get_pud_virt_fixmap(phys_addr_t pa)
487 {
488 	clear_fixmap(FIX_PUD);
489 	return (pud_t *)set_fixmap_offset(FIX_PUD, pa);
490 }
491 
492 static pud_t *__init get_pud_virt_late(phys_addr_t pa)
493 {
494 	return (pud_t *)__va(pa);
495 }
496 
497 static phys_addr_t __init alloc_pud_early(uintptr_t va)
498 {
499 	/* Only one PUD is available for early mapping */
500 	BUG_ON((va - kernel_map.virt_addr) >> PGDIR_SHIFT);
501 
502 	return (uintptr_t)early_pud;
503 }
504 
505 static phys_addr_t __init alloc_pud_fixmap(uintptr_t va)
506 {
507 	return memblock_phys_alloc(PAGE_SIZE, PAGE_SIZE);
508 }
509 
510 static phys_addr_t alloc_pud_late(uintptr_t va)
511 {
512 	unsigned long vaddr;
513 
514 	vaddr = __get_free_page(GFP_KERNEL);
515 	BUG_ON(!vaddr);
516 	return __pa(vaddr);
517 }
518 
519 static p4d_t *__init get_p4d_virt_early(phys_addr_t pa)
520 {
521 	return (p4d_t *)((uintptr_t)pa);
522 }
523 
524 static p4d_t *__init get_p4d_virt_fixmap(phys_addr_t pa)
525 {
526 	clear_fixmap(FIX_P4D);
527 	return (p4d_t *)set_fixmap_offset(FIX_P4D, pa);
528 }
529 
530 static p4d_t *__init get_p4d_virt_late(phys_addr_t pa)
531 {
532 	return (p4d_t *)__va(pa);
533 }
534 
535 static phys_addr_t __init alloc_p4d_early(uintptr_t va)
536 {
537 	/* Only one P4D is available for early mapping */
538 	BUG_ON((va - kernel_map.virt_addr) >> PGDIR_SHIFT);
539 
540 	return (uintptr_t)early_p4d;
541 }
542 
543 static phys_addr_t __init alloc_p4d_fixmap(uintptr_t va)
544 {
545 	return memblock_phys_alloc(PAGE_SIZE, PAGE_SIZE);
546 }
547 
548 static phys_addr_t alloc_p4d_late(uintptr_t va)
549 {
550 	unsigned long vaddr;
551 
552 	vaddr = __get_free_page(GFP_KERNEL);
553 	BUG_ON(!vaddr);
554 	return __pa(vaddr);
555 }
556 
557 static void __init create_pud_mapping(pud_t *pudp,
558 				      uintptr_t va, phys_addr_t pa,
559 				      phys_addr_t sz, pgprot_t prot)
560 {
561 	pmd_t *nextp;
562 	phys_addr_t next_phys;
563 	uintptr_t pud_index = pud_index(va);
564 
565 	if (sz == PUD_SIZE) {
566 		if (pud_val(pudp[pud_index]) == 0)
567 			pudp[pud_index] = pfn_pud(PFN_DOWN(pa), prot);
568 		return;
569 	}
570 
571 	if (pud_val(pudp[pud_index]) == 0) {
572 		next_phys = pt_ops.alloc_pmd(va);
573 		pudp[pud_index] = pfn_pud(PFN_DOWN(next_phys), PAGE_TABLE);
574 		nextp = pt_ops.get_pmd_virt(next_phys);
575 		memset(nextp, 0, PAGE_SIZE);
576 	} else {
577 		next_phys = PFN_PHYS(_pud_pfn(pudp[pud_index]));
578 		nextp = pt_ops.get_pmd_virt(next_phys);
579 	}
580 
581 	create_pmd_mapping(nextp, va, pa, sz, prot);
582 }
583 
584 static void __init create_p4d_mapping(p4d_t *p4dp,
585 				      uintptr_t va, phys_addr_t pa,
586 				      phys_addr_t sz, pgprot_t prot)
587 {
588 	pud_t *nextp;
589 	phys_addr_t next_phys;
590 	uintptr_t p4d_index = p4d_index(va);
591 
592 	if (sz == P4D_SIZE) {
593 		if (p4d_val(p4dp[p4d_index]) == 0)
594 			p4dp[p4d_index] = pfn_p4d(PFN_DOWN(pa), prot);
595 		return;
596 	}
597 
598 	if (p4d_val(p4dp[p4d_index]) == 0) {
599 		next_phys = pt_ops.alloc_pud(va);
600 		p4dp[p4d_index] = pfn_p4d(PFN_DOWN(next_phys), PAGE_TABLE);
601 		nextp = pt_ops.get_pud_virt(next_phys);
602 		memset(nextp, 0, PAGE_SIZE);
603 	} else {
604 		next_phys = PFN_PHYS(_p4d_pfn(p4dp[p4d_index]));
605 		nextp = pt_ops.get_pud_virt(next_phys);
606 	}
607 
608 	create_pud_mapping(nextp, va, pa, sz, prot);
609 }
610 
611 #define pgd_next_t		p4d_t
612 #define alloc_pgd_next(__va)	(pgtable_l5_enabled ?			\
613 		pt_ops.alloc_p4d(__va) : (pgtable_l4_enabled ?		\
614 		pt_ops.alloc_pud(__va) : pt_ops.alloc_pmd(__va)))
615 #define get_pgd_next_virt(__pa)	(pgtable_l5_enabled ?			\
616 		pt_ops.get_p4d_virt(__pa) : (pgd_next_t *)(pgtable_l4_enabled ?	\
617 		pt_ops.get_pud_virt(__pa) : (pud_t *)pt_ops.get_pmd_virt(__pa)))
618 #define create_pgd_next_mapping(__nextp, __va, __pa, __sz, __prot)	\
619 				(pgtable_l5_enabled ?			\
620 		create_p4d_mapping(__nextp, __va, __pa, __sz, __prot) : \
621 				(pgtable_l4_enabled ?			\
622 		create_pud_mapping((pud_t *)__nextp, __va, __pa, __sz, __prot) :	\
623 		create_pmd_mapping((pmd_t *)__nextp, __va, __pa, __sz, __prot)))
624 #define fixmap_pgd_next		(pgtable_l5_enabled ?			\
625 		(uintptr_t)fixmap_p4d : (pgtable_l4_enabled ?		\
626 		(uintptr_t)fixmap_pud : (uintptr_t)fixmap_pmd))
627 #define trampoline_pgd_next	(pgtable_l5_enabled ?			\
628 		(uintptr_t)trampoline_p4d : (pgtable_l4_enabled ?	\
629 		(uintptr_t)trampoline_pud : (uintptr_t)trampoline_pmd))
630 #else
631 #define pgd_next_t		pte_t
632 #define alloc_pgd_next(__va)	pt_ops.alloc_pte(__va)
633 #define get_pgd_next_virt(__pa)	pt_ops.get_pte_virt(__pa)
634 #define create_pgd_next_mapping(__nextp, __va, __pa, __sz, __prot)	\
635 	create_pte_mapping(__nextp, __va, __pa, __sz, __prot)
636 #define fixmap_pgd_next		((uintptr_t)fixmap_pte)
637 #define create_p4d_mapping(__pmdp, __va, __pa, __sz, __prot) do {} while(0)
638 #define create_pud_mapping(__pmdp, __va, __pa, __sz, __prot) do {} while(0)
639 #define create_pmd_mapping(__pmdp, __va, __pa, __sz, __prot) do {} while(0)
640 #endif /* __PAGETABLE_PMD_FOLDED */
641 
642 void __init create_pgd_mapping(pgd_t *pgdp,
643 				      uintptr_t va, phys_addr_t pa,
644 				      phys_addr_t sz, pgprot_t prot)
645 {
646 	pgd_next_t *nextp;
647 	phys_addr_t next_phys;
648 	uintptr_t pgd_idx = pgd_index(va);
649 
650 	if (sz == PGDIR_SIZE) {
651 		if (pgd_val(pgdp[pgd_idx]) == 0)
652 			pgdp[pgd_idx] = pfn_pgd(PFN_DOWN(pa), prot);
653 		return;
654 	}
655 
656 	if (pgd_val(pgdp[pgd_idx]) == 0) {
657 		next_phys = alloc_pgd_next(va);
658 		pgdp[pgd_idx] = pfn_pgd(PFN_DOWN(next_phys), PAGE_TABLE);
659 		nextp = get_pgd_next_virt(next_phys);
660 		memset(nextp, 0, PAGE_SIZE);
661 	} else {
662 		next_phys = PFN_PHYS(_pgd_pfn(pgdp[pgd_idx]));
663 		nextp = get_pgd_next_virt(next_phys);
664 	}
665 
666 	create_pgd_next_mapping(nextp, va, pa, sz, prot);
667 }
668 
669 static uintptr_t __init best_map_size(phys_addr_t pa, uintptr_t va,
670 				      phys_addr_t size)
671 {
672 	if (pgtable_l5_enabled &&
673 	    !(pa & (P4D_SIZE - 1)) && !(va & (P4D_SIZE - 1)) && size >= P4D_SIZE)
674 		return P4D_SIZE;
675 
676 	if (pgtable_l4_enabled &&
677 	    !(pa & (PUD_SIZE - 1)) && !(va & (PUD_SIZE - 1)) && size >= PUD_SIZE)
678 		return PUD_SIZE;
679 
680 	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_64BIT) &&
681 	    !(pa & (PMD_SIZE - 1)) && !(va & (PMD_SIZE - 1)) && size >= PMD_SIZE)
682 		return PMD_SIZE;
683 
684 	return PAGE_SIZE;
685 }
686 
687 #ifdef CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL
688 #define phys_ram_base  (*(phys_addr_t *)XIP_FIXUP(&phys_ram_base))
689 extern char _xiprom[], _exiprom[], __data_loc;
690 
691 /* called from head.S with MMU off */
692 asmlinkage void __init __copy_data(void)
693 {
694 	void *from = (void *)(&__data_loc);
695 	void *to = (void *)CONFIG_PHYS_RAM_BASE;
696 	size_t sz = (size_t)((uintptr_t)(&_end) - (uintptr_t)(&_sdata));
697 
698 	memcpy(to, from, sz);
699 }
700 #endif
701 
702 #ifdef CONFIG_STRICT_KERNEL_RWX
703 static __init pgprot_t pgprot_from_va(uintptr_t va)
704 {
705 	if (is_va_kernel_text(va))
706 		return PAGE_KERNEL_READ_EXEC;
707 
708 	/*
709 	 * In 64-bit kernel, the kernel mapping is outside the linear mapping so
710 	 * we must protect its linear mapping alias from being executed and
711 	 * written.
712 	 * And rodata section is marked readonly in mark_rodata_ro.
713 	 */
714 	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_64BIT) && is_va_kernel_lm_alias_text(va))
715 		return PAGE_KERNEL_READ;
716 
717 	return PAGE_KERNEL;
718 }
719 
720 void mark_rodata_ro(void)
721 {
722 	set_kernel_memory(__start_rodata, _data, set_memory_ro);
723 	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_64BIT))
724 		set_kernel_memory(lm_alias(__start_rodata), lm_alias(_data),
725 				  set_memory_ro);
726 
727 	debug_checkwx();
728 }
729 #else
730 static __init pgprot_t pgprot_from_va(uintptr_t va)
731 {
732 	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_64BIT) && !is_kernel_mapping(va))
733 		return PAGE_KERNEL;
734 
735 	return PAGE_KERNEL_EXEC;
736 }
737 #endif /* CONFIG_STRICT_KERNEL_RWX */
738 
739 #if defined(CONFIG_64BIT) && !defined(CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL)
740 u64 __pi_set_satp_mode_from_cmdline(uintptr_t dtb_pa);
741 
742 static void __init disable_pgtable_l5(void)
743 {
744 	pgtable_l5_enabled = false;
745 	kernel_map.page_offset = PAGE_OFFSET_L4;
746 	satp_mode = SATP_MODE_48;
747 }
748 
749 static void __init disable_pgtable_l4(void)
750 {
751 	pgtable_l4_enabled = false;
752 	kernel_map.page_offset = PAGE_OFFSET_L3;
753 	satp_mode = SATP_MODE_39;
754 }
755 
756 static int __init print_no4lvl(char *p)
757 {
758 	pr_info("Disabled 4-level and 5-level paging");
759 	return 0;
760 }
761 early_param("no4lvl", print_no4lvl);
762 
763 static int __init print_no5lvl(char *p)
764 {
765 	pr_info("Disabled 5-level paging");
766 	return 0;
767 }
768 early_param("no5lvl", print_no5lvl);
769 
770 /*
771  * There is a simple way to determine if 4-level is supported by the
772  * underlying hardware: establish 1:1 mapping in 4-level page table mode
773  * then read SATP to see if the configuration was taken into account
774  * meaning sv48 is supported.
775  */
776 static __init void set_satp_mode(uintptr_t dtb_pa)
777 {
778 	u64 identity_satp, hw_satp;
779 	uintptr_t set_satp_mode_pmd = ((unsigned long)set_satp_mode) & PMD_MASK;
780 	u64 satp_mode_cmdline = __pi_set_satp_mode_from_cmdline(dtb_pa);
781 
782 	if (satp_mode_cmdline == SATP_MODE_57) {
783 		disable_pgtable_l5();
784 	} else if (satp_mode_cmdline == SATP_MODE_48) {
785 		disable_pgtable_l5();
786 		disable_pgtable_l4();
787 		return;
788 	}
789 
790 	create_p4d_mapping(early_p4d,
791 			set_satp_mode_pmd, (uintptr_t)early_pud,
792 			P4D_SIZE, PAGE_TABLE);
793 	create_pud_mapping(early_pud,
794 			   set_satp_mode_pmd, (uintptr_t)early_pmd,
795 			   PUD_SIZE, PAGE_TABLE);
796 	/* Handle the case where set_satp_mode straddles 2 PMDs */
797 	create_pmd_mapping(early_pmd,
798 			   set_satp_mode_pmd, set_satp_mode_pmd,
799 			   PMD_SIZE, PAGE_KERNEL_EXEC);
800 	create_pmd_mapping(early_pmd,
801 			   set_satp_mode_pmd + PMD_SIZE,
802 			   set_satp_mode_pmd + PMD_SIZE,
803 			   PMD_SIZE, PAGE_KERNEL_EXEC);
804 retry:
805 	create_pgd_mapping(early_pg_dir,
806 			   set_satp_mode_pmd,
807 			   pgtable_l5_enabled ?
808 				(uintptr_t)early_p4d : (uintptr_t)early_pud,
809 			   PGDIR_SIZE, PAGE_TABLE);
810 
811 	identity_satp = PFN_DOWN((uintptr_t)&early_pg_dir) | satp_mode;
812 
813 	local_flush_tlb_all();
814 	csr_write(CSR_SATP, identity_satp);
815 	hw_satp = csr_swap(CSR_SATP, 0ULL);
816 	local_flush_tlb_all();
817 
818 	if (hw_satp != identity_satp) {
819 		if (pgtable_l5_enabled) {
820 			disable_pgtable_l5();
821 			memset(early_pg_dir, 0, PAGE_SIZE);
822 			goto retry;
823 		}
824 		disable_pgtable_l4();
825 	}
826 
827 	memset(early_pg_dir, 0, PAGE_SIZE);
828 	memset(early_p4d, 0, PAGE_SIZE);
829 	memset(early_pud, 0, PAGE_SIZE);
830 	memset(early_pmd, 0, PAGE_SIZE);
831 }
832 #endif
833 
834 /*
835  * setup_vm() is called from head.S with MMU-off.
836  *
837  * Following requirements should be honoured for setup_vm() to work
838  * correctly:
839  * 1) It should use PC-relative addressing for accessing kernel symbols.
840  *    To achieve this we always use GCC cmodel=medany.
841  * 2) The compiler instrumentation for FTRACE will not work for setup_vm()
842  *    so disable compiler instrumentation when FTRACE is enabled.
843  *
844  * Currently, the above requirements are honoured by using custom CFLAGS
845  * for init.o in mm/Makefile.
846  */
847 
848 #ifndef __riscv_cmodel_medany
849 #error "setup_vm() is called from head.S before relocate so it should not use absolute addressing."
850 #endif
851 
852 #ifdef CONFIG_RELOCATABLE
853 extern unsigned long __rela_dyn_start, __rela_dyn_end;
854 
855 static void __init relocate_kernel(void)
856 {
857 	Elf64_Rela *rela = (Elf64_Rela *)&__rela_dyn_start;
858 	/*
859 	 * This holds the offset between the linked virtual address and the
860 	 * relocated virtual address.
861 	 */
862 	uintptr_t reloc_offset = kernel_map.virt_addr - KERNEL_LINK_ADDR;
863 	/*
864 	 * This holds the offset between kernel linked virtual address and
865 	 * physical address.
866 	 */
867 	uintptr_t va_kernel_link_pa_offset = KERNEL_LINK_ADDR - kernel_map.phys_addr;
868 
869 	for ( ; rela < (Elf64_Rela *)&__rela_dyn_end; rela++) {
870 		Elf64_Addr addr = (rela->r_offset - va_kernel_link_pa_offset);
871 		Elf64_Addr relocated_addr = rela->r_addend;
872 
873 		if (rela->r_info != R_RISCV_RELATIVE)
874 			continue;
875 
876 		/*
877 		 * Make sure to not relocate vdso symbols like rt_sigreturn
878 		 * which are linked from the address 0 in vmlinux since
879 		 * vdso symbol addresses are actually used as an offset from
880 		 * mm->context.vdso in VDSO_OFFSET macro.
881 		 */
882 		if (relocated_addr >= KERNEL_LINK_ADDR)
883 			relocated_addr += reloc_offset;
884 
885 		*(Elf64_Addr *)addr = relocated_addr;
886 	}
887 }
888 #endif /* CONFIG_RELOCATABLE */
889 
890 #ifdef CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL
891 static void __init create_kernel_page_table(pgd_t *pgdir,
892 					    __always_unused bool early)
893 {
894 	uintptr_t va, end_va;
895 
896 	/* Map the flash resident part */
897 	end_va = kernel_map.virt_addr + kernel_map.xiprom_sz;
898 	for (va = kernel_map.virt_addr; va < end_va; va += PMD_SIZE)
899 		create_pgd_mapping(pgdir, va,
900 				   kernel_map.xiprom + (va - kernel_map.virt_addr),
901 				   PMD_SIZE, PAGE_KERNEL_EXEC);
902 
903 	/* Map the data in RAM */
904 	end_va = kernel_map.virt_addr + XIP_OFFSET + kernel_map.size;
905 	for (va = kernel_map.virt_addr + XIP_OFFSET; va < end_va; va += PMD_SIZE)
906 		create_pgd_mapping(pgdir, va,
907 				   kernel_map.phys_addr + (va - (kernel_map.virt_addr + XIP_OFFSET)),
908 				   PMD_SIZE, PAGE_KERNEL);
909 }
910 #else
911 static void __init create_kernel_page_table(pgd_t *pgdir, bool early)
912 {
913 	uintptr_t va, end_va;
914 
915 	end_va = kernel_map.virt_addr + kernel_map.size;
916 	for (va = kernel_map.virt_addr; va < end_va; va += PMD_SIZE)
917 		create_pgd_mapping(pgdir, va,
918 				   kernel_map.phys_addr + (va - kernel_map.virt_addr),
919 				   PMD_SIZE,
920 				   early ?
921 					PAGE_KERNEL_EXEC : pgprot_from_va(va));
922 }
923 #endif
924 
925 /*
926  * Setup a 4MB mapping that encompasses the device tree: for 64-bit kernel,
927  * this means 2 PMD entries whereas for 32-bit kernel, this is only 1 PGDIR
928  * entry.
929  */
930 static void __init create_fdt_early_page_table(uintptr_t fix_fdt_va,
931 					       uintptr_t dtb_pa)
932 {
933 #ifndef CONFIG_BUILTIN_DTB
934 	uintptr_t pa = dtb_pa & ~(PMD_SIZE - 1);
935 
936 	/* Make sure the fdt fixmap address is always aligned on PMD size */
937 	BUILD_BUG_ON(FIX_FDT % (PMD_SIZE / PAGE_SIZE));
938 
939 	/* In 32-bit only, the fdt lies in its own PGD */
940 	if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_64BIT)) {
941 		create_pgd_mapping(early_pg_dir, fix_fdt_va,
942 				   pa, MAX_FDT_SIZE, PAGE_KERNEL);
943 	} else {
944 		create_pmd_mapping(fixmap_pmd, fix_fdt_va,
945 				   pa, PMD_SIZE, PAGE_KERNEL);
946 		create_pmd_mapping(fixmap_pmd, fix_fdt_va + PMD_SIZE,
947 				   pa + PMD_SIZE, PMD_SIZE, PAGE_KERNEL);
948 	}
949 
950 	dtb_early_va = (void *)fix_fdt_va + (dtb_pa & (PMD_SIZE - 1));
951 #else
952 	/*
953 	 * For 64-bit kernel, __va can't be used since it would return a linear
954 	 * mapping address whereas dtb_early_va will be used before
955 	 * setup_vm_final installs the linear mapping. For 32-bit kernel, as the
956 	 * kernel is mapped in the linear mapping, that makes no difference.
957 	 */
958 	dtb_early_va = kernel_mapping_pa_to_va(dtb_pa);
959 #endif
960 
961 	dtb_early_pa = dtb_pa;
962 }
963 
964 /*
965  * MMU is not enabled, the page tables are allocated directly using
966  * early_pmd/pud/p4d and the address returned is the physical one.
967  */
968 static void __init pt_ops_set_early(void)
969 {
970 	pt_ops.alloc_pte = alloc_pte_early;
971 	pt_ops.get_pte_virt = get_pte_virt_early;
972 #ifndef __PAGETABLE_PMD_FOLDED
973 	pt_ops.alloc_pmd = alloc_pmd_early;
974 	pt_ops.get_pmd_virt = get_pmd_virt_early;
975 	pt_ops.alloc_pud = alloc_pud_early;
976 	pt_ops.get_pud_virt = get_pud_virt_early;
977 	pt_ops.alloc_p4d = alloc_p4d_early;
978 	pt_ops.get_p4d_virt = get_p4d_virt_early;
979 #endif
980 }
981 
982 /*
983  * MMU is enabled but page table setup is not complete yet.
984  * fixmap page table alloc functions must be used as a means to temporarily
985  * map the allocated physical pages since the linear mapping does not exist yet.
986  *
987  * Note that this is called with MMU disabled, hence kernel_mapping_pa_to_va,
988  * but it will be used as described above.
989  */
990 static void __init pt_ops_set_fixmap(void)
991 {
992 	pt_ops.alloc_pte = kernel_mapping_pa_to_va(alloc_pte_fixmap);
993 	pt_ops.get_pte_virt = kernel_mapping_pa_to_va(get_pte_virt_fixmap);
994 #ifndef __PAGETABLE_PMD_FOLDED
995 	pt_ops.alloc_pmd = kernel_mapping_pa_to_va(alloc_pmd_fixmap);
996 	pt_ops.get_pmd_virt = kernel_mapping_pa_to_va(get_pmd_virt_fixmap);
997 	pt_ops.alloc_pud = kernel_mapping_pa_to_va(alloc_pud_fixmap);
998 	pt_ops.get_pud_virt = kernel_mapping_pa_to_va(get_pud_virt_fixmap);
999 	pt_ops.alloc_p4d = kernel_mapping_pa_to_va(alloc_p4d_fixmap);
1000 	pt_ops.get_p4d_virt = kernel_mapping_pa_to_va(get_p4d_virt_fixmap);
1001 #endif
1002 }
1003 
1004 /*
1005  * MMU is enabled and page table setup is complete, so from now, we can use
1006  * generic page allocation functions to setup page table.
1007  */
1008 static void __init pt_ops_set_late(void)
1009 {
1010 	pt_ops.alloc_pte = alloc_pte_late;
1011 	pt_ops.get_pte_virt = get_pte_virt_late;
1012 #ifndef __PAGETABLE_PMD_FOLDED
1013 	pt_ops.alloc_pmd = alloc_pmd_late;
1014 	pt_ops.get_pmd_virt = get_pmd_virt_late;
1015 	pt_ops.alloc_pud = alloc_pud_late;
1016 	pt_ops.get_pud_virt = get_pud_virt_late;
1017 	pt_ops.alloc_p4d = alloc_p4d_late;
1018 	pt_ops.get_p4d_virt = get_p4d_virt_late;
1019 #endif
1020 }
1021 
1022 #ifdef CONFIG_RANDOMIZE_BASE
1023 extern bool __init __pi_set_nokaslr_from_cmdline(uintptr_t dtb_pa);
1024 extern u64 __init __pi_get_kaslr_seed(uintptr_t dtb_pa);
1025 
1026 static int __init print_nokaslr(char *p)
1027 {
1028 	pr_info("Disabled KASLR");
1029 	return 0;
1030 }
1031 early_param("nokaslr", print_nokaslr);
1032 
1033 unsigned long kaslr_offset(void)
1034 {
1035 	return kernel_map.virt_offset;
1036 }
1037 #endif
1038 
1039 asmlinkage void __init setup_vm(uintptr_t dtb_pa)
1040 {
1041 	pmd_t __maybe_unused fix_bmap_spmd, fix_bmap_epmd;
1042 
1043 #ifdef CONFIG_RANDOMIZE_BASE
1044 	if (!__pi_set_nokaslr_from_cmdline(dtb_pa)) {
1045 		u64 kaslr_seed = __pi_get_kaslr_seed(dtb_pa);
1046 		u32 kernel_size = (uintptr_t)(&_end) - (uintptr_t)(&_start);
1047 		u32 nr_pos;
1048 
1049 		/*
1050 		 * Compute the number of positions available: we are limited
1051 		 * by the early page table that only has one PUD and we must
1052 		 * be aligned on PMD_SIZE.
1053 		 */
1054 		nr_pos = (PUD_SIZE - kernel_size) / PMD_SIZE;
1055 
1056 		kernel_map.virt_offset = (kaslr_seed % nr_pos) * PMD_SIZE;
1057 	}
1058 #endif
1059 
1060 	kernel_map.virt_addr = KERNEL_LINK_ADDR + kernel_map.virt_offset;
1061 
1062 #ifdef CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL
1063 #ifdef CONFIG_64BIT
1064 	kernel_map.page_offset = PAGE_OFFSET_L3;
1065 #else
1066 	kernel_map.page_offset = _AC(CONFIG_PAGE_OFFSET, UL);
1067 #endif
1068 	kernel_map.xiprom = (uintptr_t)CONFIG_XIP_PHYS_ADDR;
1069 	kernel_map.xiprom_sz = (uintptr_t)(&_exiprom) - (uintptr_t)(&_xiprom);
1070 
1071 	phys_ram_base = CONFIG_PHYS_RAM_BASE;
1072 	kernel_map.phys_addr = (uintptr_t)CONFIG_PHYS_RAM_BASE;
1073 	kernel_map.size = (uintptr_t)(&_end) - (uintptr_t)(&_sdata);
1074 
1075 	kernel_map.va_kernel_xip_pa_offset = kernel_map.virt_addr - kernel_map.xiprom;
1076 #else
1077 	kernel_map.page_offset = _AC(CONFIG_PAGE_OFFSET, UL);
1078 	kernel_map.phys_addr = (uintptr_t)(&_start);
1079 	kernel_map.size = (uintptr_t)(&_end) - kernel_map.phys_addr;
1080 #endif
1081 
1082 #if defined(CONFIG_64BIT) && !defined(CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL)
1083 	set_satp_mode(dtb_pa);
1084 #endif
1085 
1086 	/*
1087 	 * In 64-bit, we defer the setup of va_pa_offset to setup_bootmem,
1088 	 * where we have the system memory layout: this allows us to align
1089 	 * the physical and virtual mappings and then make use of PUD/P4D/PGD
1090 	 * for the linear mapping. This is only possible because the kernel
1091 	 * mapping lies outside the linear mapping.
1092 	 * In 32-bit however, as the kernel resides in the linear mapping,
1093 	 * setup_vm_final can not change the mapping established here,
1094 	 * otherwise the same kernel addresses would get mapped to different
1095 	 * physical addresses (if the start of dram is different from the
1096 	 * kernel physical address start).
1097 	 */
1098 	kernel_map.va_pa_offset = IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_64BIT) ?
1099 				0UL : PAGE_OFFSET - kernel_map.phys_addr;
1100 	kernel_map.va_kernel_pa_offset = kernel_map.virt_addr - kernel_map.phys_addr;
1101 
1102 	/*
1103 	 * The default maximal physical memory size is KERN_VIRT_SIZE for 32-bit
1104 	 * kernel, whereas for 64-bit kernel, the end of the virtual address
1105 	 * space is occupied by the modules/BPF/kernel mappings which reduces
1106 	 * the available size of the linear mapping.
1107 	 */
1108 	memory_limit = KERN_VIRT_SIZE - (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_64BIT) ? SZ_4G : 0);
1109 
1110 	/* Sanity check alignment and size */
1111 	BUG_ON((PAGE_OFFSET % PGDIR_SIZE) != 0);
1112 	BUG_ON((kernel_map.phys_addr % PMD_SIZE) != 0);
1113 
1114 #ifdef CONFIG_64BIT
1115 	/*
1116 	 * The last 4K bytes of the addressable memory can not be mapped because
1117 	 * of IS_ERR_VALUE macro.
1118 	 */
1119 	BUG_ON((kernel_map.virt_addr + kernel_map.size) > ADDRESS_SPACE_END - SZ_4K);
1120 #endif
1121 
1122 #ifdef CONFIG_RELOCATABLE
1123 	/*
1124 	 * Early page table uses only one PUD, which makes it possible
1125 	 * to map PUD_SIZE aligned on PUD_SIZE: if the relocation offset
1126 	 * makes the kernel cross over a PUD_SIZE boundary, raise a bug
1127 	 * since a part of the kernel would not get mapped.
1128 	 */
1129 	BUG_ON(PUD_SIZE - (kernel_map.virt_addr & (PUD_SIZE - 1)) < kernel_map.size);
1130 	relocate_kernel();
1131 #endif
1132 
1133 	apply_early_boot_alternatives();
1134 	pt_ops_set_early();
1135 
1136 	/* Setup early PGD for fixmap */
1137 	create_pgd_mapping(early_pg_dir, FIXADDR_START,
1138 			   fixmap_pgd_next, PGDIR_SIZE, PAGE_TABLE);
1139 
1140 #ifndef __PAGETABLE_PMD_FOLDED
1141 	/* Setup fixmap P4D and PUD */
1142 	if (pgtable_l5_enabled)
1143 		create_p4d_mapping(fixmap_p4d, FIXADDR_START,
1144 				   (uintptr_t)fixmap_pud, P4D_SIZE, PAGE_TABLE);
1145 	/* Setup fixmap PUD and PMD */
1146 	if (pgtable_l4_enabled)
1147 		create_pud_mapping(fixmap_pud, FIXADDR_START,
1148 				   (uintptr_t)fixmap_pmd, PUD_SIZE, PAGE_TABLE);
1149 	create_pmd_mapping(fixmap_pmd, FIXADDR_START,
1150 			   (uintptr_t)fixmap_pte, PMD_SIZE, PAGE_TABLE);
1151 	/* Setup trampoline PGD and PMD */
1152 	create_pgd_mapping(trampoline_pg_dir, kernel_map.virt_addr,
1153 			   trampoline_pgd_next, PGDIR_SIZE, PAGE_TABLE);
1154 	if (pgtable_l5_enabled)
1155 		create_p4d_mapping(trampoline_p4d, kernel_map.virt_addr,
1156 				   (uintptr_t)trampoline_pud, P4D_SIZE, PAGE_TABLE);
1157 	if (pgtable_l4_enabled)
1158 		create_pud_mapping(trampoline_pud, kernel_map.virt_addr,
1159 				   (uintptr_t)trampoline_pmd, PUD_SIZE, PAGE_TABLE);
1160 #ifdef CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL
1161 	create_pmd_mapping(trampoline_pmd, kernel_map.virt_addr,
1162 			   kernel_map.xiprom, PMD_SIZE, PAGE_KERNEL_EXEC);
1163 #else
1164 	create_pmd_mapping(trampoline_pmd, kernel_map.virt_addr,
1165 			   kernel_map.phys_addr, PMD_SIZE, PAGE_KERNEL_EXEC);
1166 #endif
1167 #else
1168 	/* Setup trampoline PGD */
1169 	create_pgd_mapping(trampoline_pg_dir, kernel_map.virt_addr,
1170 			   kernel_map.phys_addr, PGDIR_SIZE, PAGE_KERNEL_EXEC);
1171 #endif
1172 
1173 	/*
1174 	 * Setup early PGD covering entire kernel which will allow
1175 	 * us to reach paging_init(). We map all memory banks later
1176 	 * in setup_vm_final() below.
1177 	 */
1178 	create_kernel_page_table(early_pg_dir, true);
1179 
1180 	/* Setup early mapping for FDT early scan */
1181 	create_fdt_early_page_table(__fix_to_virt(FIX_FDT), dtb_pa);
1182 
1183 	/*
1184 	 * Bootime fixmap only can handle PMD_SIZE mapping. Thus, boot-ioremap
1185 	 * range can not span multiple pmds.
1186 	 */
1187 	BUG_ON((__fix_to_virt(FIX_BTMAP_BEGIN) >> PMD_SHIFT)
1188 		     != (__fix_to_virt(FIX_BTMAP_END) >> PMD_SHIFT));
1189 
1190 #ifndef __PAGETABLE_PMD_FOLDED
1191 	/*
1192 	 * Early ioremap fixmap is already created as it lies within first 2MB
1193 	 * of fixmap region. We always map PMD_SIZE. Thus, both FIX_BTMAP_END
1194 	 * FIX_BTMAP_BEGIN should lie in the same pmd. Verify that and warn
1195 	 * the user if not.
1196 	 */
1197 	fix_bmap_spmd = fixmap_pmd[pmd_index(__fix_to_virt(FIX_BTMAP_BEGIN))];
1198 	fix_bmap_epmd = fixmap_pmd[pmd_index(__fix_to_virt(FIX_BTMAP_END))];
1199 	if (pmd_val(fix_bmap_spmd) != pmd_val(fix_bmap_epmd)) {
1200 		WARN_ON(1);
1201 		pr_warn("fixmap btmap start [%08lx] != end [%08lx]\n",
1202 			pmd_val(fix_bmap_spmd), pmd_val(fix_bmap_epmd));
1203 		pr_warn("fix_to_virt(FIX_BTMAP_BEGIN): %08lx\n",
1204 			fix_to_virt(FIX_BTMAP_BEGIN));
1205 		pr_warn("fix_to_virt(FIX_BTMAP_END):   %08lx\n",
1206 			fix_to_virt(FIX_BTMAP_END));
1207 
1208 		pr_warn("FIX_BTMAP_END:       %d\n", FIX_BTMAP_END);
1209 		pr_warn("FIX_BTMAP_BEGIN:     %d\n", FIX_BTMAP_BEGIN);
1210 	}
1211 #endif
1212 
1213 	pt_ops_set_fixmap();
1214 }
1215 
1216 static void __init create_linear_mapping_range(phys_addr_t start,
1217 					       phys_addr_t end,
1218 					       uintptr_t fixed_map_size)
1219 {
1220 	phys_addr_t pa;
1221 	uintptr_t va, map_size;
1222 
1223 	for (pa = start; pa < end; pa += map_size) {
1224 		va = (uintptr_t)__va(pa);
1225 		map_size = fixed_map_size ? fixed_map_size :
1226 					    best_map_size(pa, va, end - pa);
1227 
1228 		create_pgd_mapping(swapper_pg_dir, va, pa, map_size,
1229 				   pgprot_from_va(va));
1230 	}
1231 }
1232 
1233 static void __init create_linear_mapping_page_table(void)
1234 {
1235 	phys_addr_t start, end;
1236 	phys_addr_t kfence_pool __maybe_unused;
1237 	u64 i;
1238 
1239 #ifdef CONFIG_STRICT_KERNEL_RWX
1240 	phys_addr_t ktext_start = __pa_symbol(_start);
1241 	phys_addr_t ktext_size = __init_data_begin - _start;
1242 	phys_addr_t krodata_start = __pa_symbol(__start_rodata);
1243 	phys_addr_t krodata_size = _data - __start_rodata;
1244 
1245 	/* Isolate kernel text and rodata so they don't get mapped with a PUD */
1246 	memblock_mark_nomap(ktext_start,  ktext_size);
1247 	memblock_mark_nomap(krodata_start, krodata_size);
1248 #endif
1249 
1250 #ifdef CONFIG_KFENCE
1251 	/*
1252 	 *  kfence pool must be backed by PAGE_SIZE mappings, so allocate it
1253 	 *  before we setup the linear mapping so that we avoid using hugepages
1254 	 *  for this region.
1255 	 */
1256 	kfence_pool = memblock_phys_alloc(KFENCE_POOL_SIZE, PAGE_SIZE);
1257 	BUG_ON(!kfence_pool);
1258 
1259 	memblock_mark_nomap(kfence_pool, KFENCE_POOL_SIZE);
1260 	__kfence_pool = __va(kfence_pool);
1261 #endif
1262 
1263 	/* Map all memory banks in the linear mapping */
1264 	for_each_mem_range(i, &start, &end) {
1265 		if (start >= end)
1266 			break;
1267 		if (start <= __pa(PAGE_OFFSET) &&
1268 		    __pa(PAGE_OFFSET) < end)
1269 			start = __pa(PAGE_OFFSET);
1270 		if (end >= __pa(PAGE_OFFSET) + memory_limit)
1271 			end = __pa(PAGE_OFFSET) + memory_limit;
1272 
1273 		create_linear_mapping_range(start, end, 0);
1274 	}
1275 
1276 #ifdef CONFIG_STRICT_KERNEL_RWX
1277 	create_linear_mapping_range(ktext_start, ktext_start + ktext_size, 0);
1278 	create_linear_mapping_range(krodata_start,
1279 				    krodata_start + krodata_size, 0);
1280 
1281 	memblock_clear_nomap(ktext_start,  ktext_size);
1282 	memblock_clear_nomap(krodata_start, krodata_size);
1283 #endif
1284 
1285 #ifdef CONFIG_KFENCE
1286 	create_linear_mapping_range(kfence_pool,
1287 				    kfence_pool + KFENCE_POOL_SIZE,
1288 				    PAGE_SIZE);
1289 
1290 	memblock_clear_nomap(kfence_pool, KFENCE_POOL_SIZE);
1291 #endif
1292 }
1293 
1294 static void __init setup_vm_final(void)
1295 {
1296 	/* Setup swapper PGD for fixmap */
1297 #if !defined(CONFIG_64BIT)
1298 	/*
1299 	 * In 32-bit, the device tree lies in a pgd entry, so it must be copied
1300 	 * directly in swapper_pg_dir in addition to the pgd entry that points
1301 	 * to fixmap_pte.
1302 	 */
1303 	unsigned long idx = pgd_index(__fix_to_virt(FIX_FDT));
1304 
1305 	set_pgd(&swapper_pg_dir[idx], early_pg_dir[idx]);
1306 #endif
1307 	create_pgd_mapping(swapper_pg_dir, FIXADDR_START,
1308 			   __pa_symbol(fixmap_pgd_next),
1309 			   PGDIR_SIZE, PAGE_TABLE);
1310 
1311 	/* Map the linear mapping */
1312 	create_linear_mapping_page_table();
1313 
1314 	/* Map the kernel */
1315 	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_64BIT))
1316 		create_kernel_page_table(swapper_pg_dir, false);
1317 
1318 #ifdef CONFIG_KASAN
1319 	kasan_swapper_init();
1320 #endif
1321 
1322 	/* Clear fixmap PTE and PMD mappings */
1323 	clear_fixmap(FIX_PTE);
1324 	clear_fixmap(FIX_PMD);
1325 	clear_fixmap(FIX_PUD);
1326 	clear_fixmap(FIX_P4D);
1327 
1328 	/* Move to swapper page table */
1329 	csr_write(CSR_SATP, PFN_DOWN(__pa_symbol(swapper_pg_dir)) | satp_mode);
1330 	local_flush_tlb_all();
1331 
1332 	pt_ops_set_late();
1333 }
1334 #else
1335 asmlinkage void __init setup_vm(uintptr_t dtb_pa)
1336 {
1337 	dtb_early_va = (void *)dtb_pa;
1338 	dtb_early_pa = dtb_pa;
1339 }
1340 
1341 static inline void setup_vm_final(void)
1342 {
1343 }
1344 #endif /* CONFIG_MMU */
1345 
1346 /*
1347  * reserve_crashkernel() - reserves memory for crash kernel
1348  *
1349  * This function reserves memory area given in "crashkernel=" kernel command
1350  * line parameter. The memory reserved is used by dump capture kernel when
1351  * primary kernel is crashing.
1352  */
1353 static void __init arch_reserve_crashkernel(void)
1354 {
1355 	unsigned long long low_size = 0;
1356 	unsigned long long crash_base, crash_size;
1357 	char *cmdline = boot_command_line;
1358 	bool high = false;
1359 	int ret;
1360 
1361 	if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_KEXEC_CORE))
1362 		return;
1363 
1364 	ret = parse_crashkernel(cmdline, memblock_phys_mem_size(),
1365 				&crash_size, &crash_base,
1366 				&low_size, &high);
1367 	if (ret)
1368 		return;
1369 
1370 	reserve_crashkernel_generic(cmdline, crash_size, crash_base,
1371 				    low_size, high);
1372 }
1373 
1374 void __init paging_init(void)
1375 {
1376 	setup_bootmem();
1377 	setup_vm_final();
1378 
1379 	/* Depend on that Linear Mapping is ready */
1380 	memblock_allow_resize();
1381 }
1382 
1383 void __init misc_mem_init(void)
1384 {
1385 	early_memtest(min_low_pfn << PAGE_SHIFT, max_low_pfn << PAGE_SHIFT);
1386 	arch_numa_init();
1387 	sparse_init();
1388 	zone_sizes_init();
1389 	arch_reserve_crashkernel();
1390 	memblock_dump_all();
1391 }
1392 
1393 #ifdef CONFIG_SPARSEMEM_VMEMMAP
1394 void __meminit vmemmap_set_pmd(pmd_t *pmd, void *p, int node,
1395 			       unsigned long addr, unsigned long next)
1396 {
1397 	pmd_set_huge(pmd, virt_to_phys(p), PAGE_KERNEL);
1398 }
1399 
1400 int __meminit vmemmap_check_pmd(pmd_t *pmdp, int node,
1401 				unsigned long addr, unsigned long next)
1402 {
1403 	vmemmap_verify((pte_t *)pmdp, node, addr, next);
1404 	return 1;
1405 }
1406 
1407 int __meminit vmemmap_populate(unsigned long start, unsigned long end, int node,
1408 			       struct vmem_altmap *altmap)
1409 {
1410 	/*
1411 	 * Note that SPARSEMEM_VMEMMAP is only selected for rv64 and that we
1412 	 * can't use hugepage mappings for 2-level page table because in case of
1413 	 * memory hotplug, we are not able to update all the page tables with
1414 	 * the new PMDs.
1415 	 */
1416 	return vmemmap_populate_hugepages(start, end, node, NULL);
1417 }
1418 #endif
1419 
1420 #if defined(CONFIG_MMU) && defined(CONFIG_64BIT)
1421 /*
1422  * Pre-allocates page-table pages for a specific area in the kernel
1423  * page-table. Only the level which needs to be synchronized between
1424  * all page-tables is allocated because the synchronization can be
1425  * expensive.
1426  */
1427 static void __init preallocate_pgd_pages_range(unsigned long start, unsigned long end,
1428 					       const char *area)
1429 {
1430 	unsigned long addr;
1431 	const char *lvl;
1432 
1433 	for (addr = start; addr < end && addr >= start; addr = ALIGN(addr + 1, PGDIR_SIZE)) {
1434 		pgd_t *pgd = pgd_offset_k(addr);
1435 		p4d_t *p4d;
1436 		pud_t *pud;
1437 		pmd_t *pmd;
1438 
1439 		lvl = "p4d";
1440 		p4d = p4d_alloc(&init_mm, pgd, addr);
1441 		if (!p4d)
1442 			goto failed;
1443 
1444 		if (pgtable_l5_enabled)
1445 			continue;
1446 
1447 		lvl = "pud";
1448 		pud = pud_alloc(&init_mm, p4d, addr);
1449 		if (!pud)
1450 			goto failed;
1451 
1452 		if (pgtable_l4_enabled)
1453 			continue;
1454 
1455 		lvl = "pmd";
1456 		pmd = pmd_alloc(&init_mm, pud, addr);
1457 		if (!pmd)
1458 			goto failed;
1459 	}
1460 	return;
1461 
1462 failed:
1463 	/*
1464 	 * The pages have to be there now or they will be missing in
1465 	 * process page-tables later.
1466 	 */
1467 	panic("Failed to pre-allocate %s pages for %s area\n", lvl, area);
1468 }
1469 
1470 void __init pgtable_cache_init(void)
1471 {
1472 	preallocate_pgd_pages_range(VMALLOC_START, VMALLOC_END, "vmalloc");
1473 	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_MODULES))
1474 		preallocate_pgd_pages_range(MODULES_VADDR, MODULES_END, "bpf/modules");
1475 }
1476 #endif
1477