xref: /linux/arch/riscv/mm/init.c (revision 2c739ced5886cd8c8361faa79a9522ec05174ed0)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
2 /*
3  * Copyright (C) 2012 Regents of the University of California
4  * Copyright (C) 2019 Western Digital Corporation or its affiliates.
5  */
6 
7 #include <linux/init.h>
8 #include <linux/mm.h>
9 #include <linux/memblock.h>
10 #include <linux/initrd.h>
11 #include <linux/swap.h>
12 #include <linux/sizes.h>
13 #include <linux/of_fdt.h>
14 #include <linux/libfdt.h>
15 #include <linux/set_memory.h>
16 
17 #include <asm/fixmap.h>
18 #include <asm/tlbflush.h>
19 #include <asm/sections.h>
20 #include <asm/soc.h>
21 #include <asm/io.h>
22 #include <asm/ptdump.h>
23 
24 #include "../kernel/head.h"
25 
26 unsigned long empty_zero_page[PAGE_SIZE / sizeof(unsigned long)]
27 							__page_aligned_bss;
28 EXPORT_SYMBOL(empty_zero_page);
29 
30 extern char _start[];
31 void *dtb_early_va;
32 
33 static void __init zone_sizes_init(void)
34 {
35 	unsigned long max_zone_pfns[MAX_NR_ZONES] = { 0, };
36 
37 #ifdef CONFIG_ZONE_DMA32
38 	max_zone_pfns[ZONE_DMA32] = PFN_DOWN(min(4UL * SZ_1G,
39 			(unsigned long) PFN_PHYS(max_low_pfn)));
40 #endif
41 	max_zone_pfns[ZONE_NORMAL] = max_low_pfn;
42 
43 	free_area_init(max_zone_pfns);
44 }
45 
46 static void setup_zero_page(void)
47 {
48 	memset((void *)empty_zero_page, 0, PAGE_SIZE);
49 }
50 
51 #if defined(CONFIG_MMU) && defined(CONFIG_DEBUG_VM)
52 static inline void print_mlk(char *name, unsigned long b, unsigned long t)
53 {
54 	pr_notice("%12s : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx   (%4ld kB)\n", name, b, t,
55 		  (((t) - (b)) >> 10));
56 }
57 
58 static inline void print_mlm(char *name, unsigned long b, unsigned long t)
59 {
60 	pr_notice("%12s : 0x%08lx - 0x%08lx   (%4ld MB)\n", name, b, t,
61 		  (((t) - (b)) >> 20));
62 }
63 
64 static void print_vm_layout(void)
65 {
66 	pr_notice("Virtual kernel memory layout:\n");
67 	print_mlk("fixmap", (unsigned long)FIXADDR_START,
68 		  (unsigned long)FIXADDR_TOP);
69 	print_mlm("pci io", (unsigned long)PCI_IO_START,
70 		  (unsigned long)PCI_IO_END);
71 	print_mlm("vmemmap", (unsigned long)VMEMMAP_START,
72 		  (unsigned long)VMEMMAP_END);
73 	print_mlm("vmalloc", (unsigned long)VMALLOC_START,
74 		  (unsigned long)VMALLOC_END);
75 	print_mlm("lowmem", (unsigned long)PAGE_OFFSET,
76 		  (unsigned long)high_memory);
77 }
78 #else
79 static void print_vm_layout(void) { }
80 #endif /* CONFIG_DEBUG_VM */
81 
82 void __init mem_init(void)
83 {
84 #ifdef CONFIG_FLATMEM
85 	BUG_ON(!mem_map);
86 #endif /* CONFIG_FLATMEM */
87 
88 	high_memory = (void *)(__va(PFN_PHYS(max_low_pfn)));
89 	memblock_free_all();
90 
91 	mem_init_print_info(NULL);
92 	print_vm_layout();
93 }
94 
95 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
96 static void __init setup_initrd(void)
97 {
98 	phys_addr_t start;
99 	unsigned long size;
100 
101 	/* Ignore the virtul address computed during device tree parsing */
102 	initrd_start = initrd_end = 0;
103 
104 	if (!phys_initrd_size)
105 		return;
106 	/*
107 	 * Round the memory region to page boundaries as per free_initrd_mem()
108 	 * This allows us to detect whether the pages overlapping the initrd
109 	 * are in use, but more importantly, reserves the entire set of pages
110 	 * as we don't want these pages allocated for other purposes.
111 	 */
112 	start = round_down(phys_initrd_start, PAGE_SIZE);
113 	size = phys_initrd_size + (phys_initrd_start - start);
114 	size = round_up(size, PAGE_SIZE);
115 
116 	if (!memblock_is_region_memory(start, size)) {
117 		pr_err("INITRD: 0x%08llx+0x%08lx is not a memory region",
118 		       (u64)start, size);
119 		goto disable;
120 	}
121 
122 	if (memblock_is_region_reserved(start, size)) {
123 		pr_err("INITRD: 0x%08llx+0x%08lx overlaps in-use memory region\n",
124 		       (u64)start, size);
125 		goto disable;
126 	}
127 
128 	memblock_reserve(start, size);
129 	/* Now convert initrd to virtual addresses */
130 	initrd_start = (unsigned long)__va(phys_initrd_start);
131 	initrd_end = initrd_start + phys_initrd_size;
132 	initrd_below_start_ok = 1;
133 
134 	pr_info("Initial ramdisk at: 0x%p (%lu bytes)\n",
135 		(void *)(initrd_start), size);
136 	return;
137 disable:
138 	pr_cont(" - disabling initrd\n");
139 	initrd_start = 0;
140 	initrd_end = 0;
141 }
142 #endif /* CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD */
143 
144 static phys_addr_t dtb_early_pa __initdata;
145 
146 void __init setup_bootmem(void)
147 {
148 	phys_addr_t mem_size = 0;
149 	phys_addr_t total_mem = 0;
150 	phys_addr_t mem_start, start, end = 0;
151 	phys_addr_t vmlinux_end = __pa_symbol(&_end);
152 	phys_addr_t vmlinux_start = __pa_symbol(&_start);
153 	u64 i;
154 
155 	/* Find the memory region containing the kernel */
156 	for_each_mem_range(i, &start, &end) {
157 		phys_addr_t size = end - start;
158 		if (!total_mem)
159 			mem_start = start;
160 		if (start <= vmlinux_start && vmlinux_end <= end)
161 			BUG_ON(size == 0);
162 		total_mem = total_mem + size;
163 	}
164 
165 	/*
166 	 * Remove memblock from the end of usable area to the
167 	 * end of region
168 	 */
169 	mem_size = min(total_mem, (phys_addr_t)-PAGE_OFFSET);
170 	if (mem_start + mem_size < end)
171 		memblock_remove(mem_start + mem_size,
172 				end - mem_start - mem_size);
173 
174 	/* Reserve from the start of the kernel to the end of the kernel */
175 	memblock_reserve(vmlinux_start, vmlinux_end - vmlinux_start);
176 
177 	max_pfn = PFN_DOWN(memblock_end_of_DRAM());
178 	max_low_pfn = max_pfn;
179 	set_max_mapnr(max_low_pfn);
180 
181 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
182 	setup_initrd();
183 #endif /* CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD */
184 
185 	/*
186 	 * Avoid using early_init_fdt_reserve_self() since __pa() does
187 	 * not work for DTB pointers that are fixmap addresses
188 	 */
189 	memblock_reserve(dtb_early_pa, fdt_totalsize(dtb_early_va));
190 
191 	early_init_fdt_scan_reserved_mem();
192 	memblock_allow_resize();
193 	memblock_dump_all();
194 }
195 
196 #ifdef CONFIG_MMU
197 unsigned long va_pa_offset;
198 EXPORT_SYMBOL(va_pa_offset);
199 unsigned long pfn_base;
200 EXPORT_SYMBOL(pfn_base);
201 
202 pgd_t swapper_pg_dir[PTRS_PER_PGD] __page_aligned_bss;
203 pgd_t trampoline_pg_dir[PTRS_PER_PGD] __page_aligned_bss;
204 pte_t fixmap_pte[PTRS_PER_PTE] __page_aligned_bss;
205 static bool mmu_enabled;
206 
207 #define MAX_EARLY_MAPPING_SIZE	SZ_128M
208 
209 pgd_t early_pg_dir[PTRS_PER_PGD] __initdata __aligned(PAGE_SIZE);
210 
211 void __set_fixmap(enum fixed_addresses idx, phys_addr_t phys, pgprot_t prot)
212 {
213 	unsigned long addr = __fix_to_virt(idx);
214 	pte_t *ptep;
215 
216 	BUG_ON(idx <= FIX_HOLE || idx >= __end_of_fixed_addresses);
217 
218 	ptep = &fixmap_pte[pte_index(addr)];
219 
220 	if (pgprot_val(prot))
221 		set_pte(ptep, pfn_pte(phys >> PAGE_SHIFT, prot));
222 	else
223 		pte_clear(&init_mm, addr, ptep);
224 	local_flush_tlb_page(addr);
225 }
226 
227 static pte_t *__init get_pte_virt(phys_addr_t pa)
228 {
229 	if (mmu_enabled) {
230 		clear_fixmap(FIX_PTE);
231 		return (pte_t *)set_fixmap_offset(FIX_PTE, pa);
232 	} else {
233 		return (pte_t *)((uintptr_t)pa);
234 	}
235 }
236 
237 static phys_addr_t __init alloc_pte(uintptr_t va)
238 {
239 	/*
240 	 * We only create PMD or PGD early mappings so we
241 	 * should never reach here with MMU disabled.
242 	 */
243 	BUG_ON(!mmu_enabled);
244 
245 	return memblock_phys_alloc(PAGE_SIZE, PAGE_SIZE);
246 }
247 
248 static void __init create_pte_mapping(pte_t *ptep,
249 				      uintptr_t va, phys_addr_t pa,
250 				      phys_addr_t sz, pgprot_t prot)
251 {
252 	uintptr_t pte_idx = pte_index(va);
253 
254 	BUG_ON(sz != PAGE_SIZE);
255 
256 	if (pte_none(ptep[pte_idx]))
257 		ptep[pte_idx] = pfn_pte(PFN_DOWN(pa), prot);
258 }
259 
260 #ifndef __PAGETABLE_PMD_FOLDED
261 
262 pmd_t trampoline_pmd[PTRS_PER_PMD] __page_aligned_bss;
263 pmd_t fixmap_pmd[PTRS_PER_PMD] __page_aligned_bss;
264 
265 #if MAX_EARLY_MAPPING_SIZE < PGDIR_SIZE
266 #define NUM_EARLY_PMDS		1UL
267 #else
268 #define NUM_EARLY_PMDS		(1UL + MAX_EARLY_MAPPING_SIZE / PGDIR_SIZE)
269 #endif
270 pmd_t early_pmd[PTRS_PER_PMD * NUM_EARLY_PMDS] __initdata __aligned(PAGE_SIZE);
271 
272 static pmd_t *__init get_pmd_virt(phys_addr_t pa)
273 {
274 	if (mmu_enabled) {
275 		clear_fixmap(FIX_PMD);
276 		return (pmd_t *)set_fixmap_offset(FIX_PMD, pa);
277 	} else {
278 		return (pmd_t *)((uintptr_t)pa);
279 	}
280 }
281 
282 static phys_addr_t __init alloc_pmd(uintptr_t va)
283 {
284 	uintptr_t pmd_num;
285 
286 	if (mmu_enabled)
287 		return memblock_phys_alloc(PAGE_SIZE, PAGE_SIZE);
288 
289 	pmd_num = (va - PAGE_OFFSET) >> PGDIR_SHIFT;
290 	BUG_ON(pmd_num >= NUM_EARLY_PMDS);
291 	return (uintptr_t)&early_pmd[pmd_num * PTRS_PER_PMD];
292 }
293 
294 static void __init create_pmd_mapping(pmd_t *pmdp,
295 				      uintptr_t va, phys_addr_t pa,
296 				      phys_addr_t sz, pgprot_t prot)
297 {
298 	pte_t *ptep;
299 	phys_addr_t pte_phys;
300 	uintptr_t pmd_idx = pmd_index(va);
301 
302 	if (sz == PMD_SIZE) {
303 		if (pmd_none(pmdp[pmd_idx]))
304 			pmdp[pmd_idx] = pfn_pmd(PFN_DOWN(pa), prot);
305 		return;
306 	}
307 
308 	if (pmd_none(pmdp[pmd_idx])) {
309 		pte_phys = alloc_pte(va);
310 		pmdp[pmd_idx] = pfn_pmd(PFN_DOWN(pte_phys), PAGE_TABLE);
311 		ptep = get_pte_virt(pte_phys);
312 		memset(ptep, 0, PAGE_SIZE);
313 	} else {
314 		pte_phys = PFN_PHYS(_pmd_pfn(pmdp[pmd_idx]));
315 		ptep = get_pte_virt(pte_phys);
316 	}
317 
318 	create_pte_mapping(ptep, va, pa, sz, prot);
319 }
320 
321 #define pgd_next_t		pmd_t
322 #define alloc_pgd_next(__va)	alloc_pmd(__va)
323 #define get_pgd_next_virt(__pa)	get_pmd_virt(__pa)
324 #define create_pgd_next_mapping(__nextp, __va, __pa, __sz, __prot)	\
325 	create_pmd_mapping(__nextp, __va, __pa, __sz, __prot)
326 #define fixmap_pgd_next		fixmap_pmd
327 #else
328 #define pgd_next_t		pte_t
329 #define alloc_pgd_next(__va)	alloc_pte(__va)
330 #define get_pgd_next_virt(__pa)	get_pte_virt(__pa)
331 #define create_pgd_next_mapping(__nextp, __va, __pa, __sz, __prot)	\
332 	create_pte_mapping(__nextp, __va, __pa, __sz, __prot)
333 #define fixmap_pgd_next		fixmap_pte
334 #endif
335 
336 static void __init create_pgd_mapping(pgd_t *pgdp,
337 				      uintptr_t va, phys_addr_t pa,
338 				      phys_addr_t sz, pgprot_t prot)
339 {
340 	pgd_next_t *nextp;
341 	phys_addr_t next_phys;
342 	uintptr_t pgd_idx = pgd_index(va);
343 
344 	if (sz == PGDIR_SIZE) {
345 		if (pgd_val(pgdp[pgd_idx]) == 0)
346 			pgdp[pgd_idx] = pfn_pgd(PFN_DOWN(pa), prot);
347 		return;
348 	}
349 
350 	if (pgd_val(pgdp[pgd_idx]) == 0) {
351 		next_phys = alloc_pgd_next(va);
352 		pgdp[pgd_idx] = pfn_pgd(PFN_DOWN(next_phys), PAGE_TABLE);
353 		nextp = get_pgd_next_virt(next_phys);
354 		memset(nextp, 0, PAGE_SIZE);
355 	} else {
356 		next_phys = PFN_PHYS(_pgd_pfn(pgdp[pgd_idx]));
357 		nextp = get_pgd_next_virt(next_phys);
358 	}
359 
360 	create_pgd_next_mapping(nextp, va, pa, sz, prot);
361 }
362 
363 static uintptr_t __init best_map_size(phys_addr_t base, phys_addr_t size)
364 {
365 	/* Upgrade to PMD_SIZE mappings whenever possible */
366 	if ((base & (PMD_SIZE - 1)) || (size & (PMD_SIZE - 1)))
367 		return PAGE_SIZE;
368 
369 	return PMD_SIZE;
370 }
371 
372 /*
373  * setup_vm() is called from head.S with MMU-off.
374  *
375  * Following requirements should be honoured for setup_vm() to work
376  * correctly:
377  * 1) It should use PC-relative addressing for accessing kernel symbols.
378  *    To achieve this we always use GCC cmodel=medany.
379  * 2) The compiler instrumentation for FTRACE will not work for setup_vm()
380  *    so disable compiler instrumentation when FTRACE is enabled.
381  *
382  * Currently, the above requirements are honoured by using custom CFLAGS
383  * for init.o in mm/Makefile.
384  */
385 
386 #ifndef __riscv_cmodel_medany
387 #error "setup_vm() is called from head.S before relocate so it should not use absolute addressing."
388 #endif
389 
390 asmlinkage void __init setup_vm(uintptr_t dtb_pa)
391 {
392 	uintptr_t va, end_va;
393 	uintptr_t load_pa = (uintptr_t)(&_start);
394 	uintptr_t load_sz = (uintptr_t)(&_end) - load_pa;
395 	uintptr_t map_size = best_map_size(load_pa, MAX_EARLY_MAPPING_SIZE);
396 
397 	va_pa_offset = PAGE_OFFSET - load_pa;
398 	pfn_base = PFN_DOWN(load_pa);
399 
400 	/*
401 	 * Enforce boot alignment requirements of RV32 and
402 	 * RV64 by only allowing PMD or PGD mappings.
403 	 */
404 	BUG_ON(map_size == PAGE_SIZE);
405 
406 	/* Sanity check alignment and size */
407 	BUG_ON((PAGE_OFFSET % PGDIR_SIZE) != 0);
408 	BUG_ON((load_pa % map_size) != 0);
409 	BUG_ON(load_sz > MAX_EARLY_MAPPING_SIZE);
410 
411 	/* Setup early PGD for fixmap */
412 	create_pgd_mapping(early_pg_dir, FIXADDR_START,
413 			   (uintptr_t)fixmap_pgd_next, PGDIR_SIZE, PAGE_TABLE);
414 
415 #ifndef __PAGETABLE_PMD_FOLDED
416 	/* Setup fixmap PMD */
417 	create_pmd_mapping(fixmap_pmd, FIXADDR_START,
418 			   (uintptr_t)fixmap_pte, PMD_SIZE, PAGE_TABLE);
419 	/* Setup trampoline PGD and PMD */
420 	create_pgd_mapping(trampoline_pg_dir, PAGE_OFFSET,
421 			   (uintptr_t)trampoline_pmd, PGDIR_SIZE, PAGE_TABLE);
422 	create_pmd_mapping(trampoline_pmd, PAGE_OFFSET,
423 			   load_pa, PMD_SIZE, PAGE_KERNEL_EXEC);
424 #else
425 	/* Setup trampoline PGD */
426 	create_pgd_mapping(trampoline_pg_dir, PAGE_OFFSET,
427 			   load_pa, PGDIR_SIZE, PAGE_KERNEL_EXEC);
428 #endif
429 
430 	/*
431 	 * Setup early PGD covering entire kernel which will allows
432 	 * us to reach paging_init(). We map all memory banks later
433 	 * in setup_vm_final() below.
434 	 */
435 	end_va = PAGE_OFFSET + load_sz;
436 	for (va = PAGE_OFFSET; va < end_va; va += map_size)
437 		create_pgd_mapping(early_pg_dir, va,
438 				   load_pa + (va - PAGE_OFFSET),
439 				   map_size, PAGE_KERNEL_EXEC);
440 
441 	/* Create fixed mapping for early FDT parsing */
442 	end_va = __fix_to_virt(FIX_FDT) + FIX_FDT_SIZE;
443 	for (va = __fix_to_virt(FIX_FDT); va < end_va; va += PAGE_SIZE)
444 		create_pte_mapping(fixmap_pte, va,
445 				   dtb_pa + (va - __fix_to_virt(FIX_FDT)),
446 				   PAGE_SIZE, PAGE_KERNEL);
447 
448 	/* Save pointer to DTB for early FDT parsing */
449 	dtb_early_va = (void *)fix_to_virt(FIX_FDT) + (dtb_pa & ~PAGE_MASK);
450 	/* Save physical address for memblock reservation */
451 	dtb_early_pa = dtb_pa;
452 }
453 
454 static void __init setup_vm_final(void)
455 {
456 	uintptr_t va, map_size;
457 	phys_addr_t pa, start, end;
458 	u64 i;
459 
460 	/* Set mmu_enabled flag */
461 	mmu_enabled = true;
462 
463 	/* Setup swapper PGD for fixmap */
464 	create_pgd_mapping(swapper_pg_dir, FIXADDR_START,
465 			   __pa_symbol(fixmap_pgd_next),
466 			   PGDIR_SIZE, PAGE_TABLE);
467 
468 	/* Map all memory banks */
469 	for_each_mem_range(i, &start, &end) {
470 		if (start >= end)
471 			break;
472 		if (start <= __pa(PAGE_OFFSET) &&
473 		    __pa(PAGE_OFFSET) < end)
474 			start = __pa(PAGE_OFFSET);
475 
476 		map_size = best_map_size(start, end - start);
477 		for (pa = start; pa < end; pa += map_size) {
478 			va = (uintptr_t)__va(pa);
479 			create_pgd_mapping(swapper_pg_dir, va, pa,
480 					   map_size, PAGE_KERNEL_EXEC);
481 		}
482 	}
483 
484 	/* Clear fixmap PTE and PMD mappings */
485 	clear_fixmap(FIX_PTE);
486 	clear_fixmap(FIX_PMD);
487 
488 	/* Move to swapper page table */
489 	csr_write(CSR_SATP, PFN_DOWN(__pa_symbol(swapper_pg_dir)) | SATP_MODE);
490 	local_flush_tlb_all();
491 }
492 #else
493 asmlinkage void __init setup_vm(uintptr_t dtb_pa)
494 {
495 #ifdef CONFIG_BUILTIN_DTB
496 	dtb_early_va = soc_lookup_builtin_dtb();
497 	if (!dtb_early_va) {
498 		/* Fallback to first available DTS */
499 		dtb_early_va = (void *) __dtb_start;
500 	}
501 #else
502 	dtb_early_va = (void *)dtb_pa;
503 #endif
504 	dtb_early_pa = dtb_pa;
505 }
506 
507 static inline void setup_vm_final(void)
508 {
509 }
510 #endif /* CONFIG_MMU */
511 
512 #ifdef CONFIG_STRICT_KERNEL_RWX
513 void mark_rodata_ro(void)
514 {
515 	unsigned long text_start = (unsigned long)_text;
516 	unsigned long text_end = (unsigned long)_etext;
517 	unsigned long rodata_start = (unsigned long)__start_rodata;
518 	unsigned long data_start = (unsigned long)_data;
519 	unsigned long max_low = (unsigned long)(__va(PFN_PHYS(max_low_pfn)));
520 
521 	set_memory_ro(text_start, (text_end - text_start) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
522 	set_memory_ro(rodata_start, (data_start - rodata_start) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
523 	set_memory_nx(rodata_start, (data_start - rodata_start) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
524 	set_memory_nx(data_start, (max_low - data_start) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
525 
526 	debug_checkwx();
527 }
528 #endif
529 
530 static void __init resource_init(void)
531 {
532 	struct memblock_region *region;
533 
534 	for_each_mem_region(region) {
535 		struct resource *res;
536 
537 		res = memblock_alloc(sizeof(struct resource), SMP_CACHE_BYTES);
538 		if (!res)
539 			panic("%s: Failed to allocate %zu bytes\n", __func__,
540 			      sizeof(struct resource));
541 
542 		if (memblock_is_nomap(region)) {
543 			res->name = "reserved";
544 			res->flags = IORESOURCE_MEM;
545 		} else {
546 			res->name = "System RAM";
547 			res->flags = IORESOURCE_SYSTEM_RAM | IORESOURCE_BUSY;
548 		}
549 		res->start = __pfn_to_phys(memblock_region_memory_base_pfn(region));
550 		res->end = __pfn_to_phys(memblock_region_memory_end_pfn(region)) - 1;
551 
552 		request_resource(&iomem_resource, res);
553 	}
554 }
555 
556 void __init paging_init(void)
557 {
558 	setup_vm_final();
559 	sparse_init();
560 	setup_zero_page();
561 	zone_sizes_init();
562 	resource_init();
563 }
564 
565 #ifdef CONFIG_SPARSEMEM_VMEMMAP
566 int __meminit vmemmap_populate(unsigned long start, unsigned long end, int node,
567 			       struct vmem_altmap *altmap)
568 {
569 	return vmemmap_populate_basepages(start, end, node, NULL);
570 }
571 #endif
572