xref: /linux/arch/riscv/kernel/head.S (revision eed4edda910fe34dfae8c6bfbcf57f4593a54295)
1/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only */
2/*
3 * Copyright (C) 2012 Regents of the University of California
4 */
5
6#include <asm/asm-offsets.h>
7#include <asm/asm.h>
8#include <linux/init.h>
9#include <linux/linkage.h>
10#include <asm/thread_info.h>
11#include <asm/page.h>
12#include <asm/pgtable.h>
13#include <asm/csr.h>
14#include <asm/hwcap.h>
15#include <asm/image.h>
16#include <asm/scs.h>
17#include <asm/xip_fixup.h>
18#include "efi-header.S"
19
20__HEAD
21SYM_CODE_START(_start)
22	/*
23	 * Image header expected by Linux boot-loaders. The image header data
24	 * structure is described in asm/image.h.
25	 * Do not modify it without modifying the structure and all bootloaders
26	 * that expects this header format!!
27	 */
28#ifdef CONFIG_EFI
29	/*
30	 * This instruction decodes to "MZ" ASCII required by UEFI.
31	 */
32	c.li s4,-13
33	j _start_kernel
34#else
35	/* jump to start kernel */
36	j _start_kernel
37	/* reserved */
38	.word 0
39#endif
40	.balign 8
41#ifdef CONFIG_RISCV_M_MODE
42	/* Image load offset (0MB) from start of RAM for M-mode */
43	.dword 0
44#else
45#if __riscv_xlen == 64
46	/* Image load offset(2MB) from start of RAM */
47	.dword 0x200000
48#else
49	/* Image load offset(4MB) from start of RAM */
50	.dword 0x400000
51#endif
52#endif
53	/* Effective size of kernel image */
54	.dword _end - _start
55	.dword __HEAD_FLAGS
56	.word RISCV_HEADER_VERSION
57	.word 0
58	.dword 0
59	.ascii RISCV_IMAGE_MAGIC
60	.balign 4
61	.ascii RISCV_IMAGE_MAGIC2
62#ifdef CONFIG_EFI
63	.word pe_head_start - _start
64pe_head_start:
65
66	__EFI_PE_HEADER
67#else
68	.word 0
69#endif
70
71.align 2
72#ifdef CONFIG_MMU
73	.global relocate_enable_mmu
74relocate_enable_mmu:
75	/* Relocate return address */
76	la a1, kernel_map
77	XIP_FIXUP_OFFSET a1
78	REG_L a1, KERNEL_MAP_VIRT_ADDR(a1)
79	la a2, _start
80	sub a1, a1, a2
81	add ra, ra, a1
82
83	/* Point stvec to virtual address of intruction after satp write */
84	la a2, 1f
85	add a2, a2, a1
86	csrw CSR_TVEC, a2
87
88	/* Compute satp for kernel page tables, but don't load it yet */
89	srl a2, a0, PAGE_SHIFT
90	la a1, satp_mode
91	XIP_FIXUP_OFFSET a1
92	REG_L a1, 0(a1)
93	or a2, a2, a1
94
95	/*
96	 * Load trampoline page directory, which will cause us to trap to
97	 * stvec if VA != PA, or simply fall through if VA == PA.  We need a
98	 * full fence here because setup_vm() just wrote these PTEs and we need
99	 * to ensure the new translations are in use.
100	 */
101	la a0, trampoline_pg_dir
102	XIP_FIXUP_OFFSET a0
103	srl a0, a0, PAGE_SHIFT
104	or a0, a0, a1
105	sfence.vma
106	csrw CSR_SATP, a0
107.align 2
1081:
109	/* Set trap vector to spin forever to help debug */
110	la a0, .Lsecondary_park
111	csrw CSR_TVEC, a0
112
113	/* Reload the global pointer */
114	load_global_pointer
115
116	/*
117	 * Switch to kernel page tables.  A full fence is necessary in order to
118	 * avoid using the trampoline translations, which are only correct for
119	 * the first superpage.  Fetching the fence is guaranteed to work
120	 * because that first superpage is translated the same way.
121	 */
122	csrw CSR_SATP, a2
123	sfence.vma
124
125	ret
126#endif /* CONFIG_MMU */
127#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
128	.global secondary_start_sbi
129secondary_start_sbi:
130	/* Mask all interrupts */
131	csrw CSR_IE, zero
132	csrw CSR_IP, zero
133
134	/* Load the global pointer */
135	load_global_pointer
136
137	/*
138	 * Disable FPU & VECTOR to detect illegal usage of
139	 * floating point or vector in kernel space
140	 */
141	li t0, SR_FS_VS
142	csrc CSR_STATUS, t0
143
144	/* Set trap vector to spin forever to help debug */
145	la a3, .Lsecondary_park
146	csrw CSR_TVEC, a3
147
148	/* a0 contains the hartid & a1 contains boot data */
149	li a2, SBI_HART_BOOT_TASK_PTR_OFFSET
150	XIP_FIXUP_OFFSET a2
151	add a2, a2, a1
152	REG_L tp, (a2)
153	li a3, SBI_HART_BOOT_STACK_PTR_OFFSET
154	XIP_FIXUP_OFFSET a3
155	add a3, a3, a1
156	REG_L sp, (a3)
157
158.Lsecondary_start_common:
159
160#ifdef CONFIG_MMU
161	/* Enable virtual memory and relocate to virtual address */
162	la a0, swapper_pg_dir
163	XIP_FIXUP_OFFSET a0
164	call relocate_enable_mmu
165#endif
166	call .Lsetup_trap_vector
167	scs_load_current
168	tail smp_callin
169#endif /* CONFIG_SMP */
170
171.align 2
172.Lsetup_trap_vector:
173	/* Set trap vector to exception handler */
174	la a0, handle_exception
175	csrw CSR_TVEC, a0
176
177	/*
178	 * Set sup0 scratch register to 0, indicating to exception vector that
179	 * we are presently executing in kernel.
180	 */
181	csrw CSR_SCRATCH, zero
182	ret
183
184.align 2
185.Lsecondary_park:
186	/* We lack SMP support or have too many harts, so park this hart */
187	wfi
188	j .Lsecondary_park
189
190SYM_CODE_END(_start)
191
192SYM_CODE_START(_start_kernel)
193	/* Mask all interrupts */
194	csrw CSR_IE, zero
195	csrw CSR_IP, zero
196
197#ifdef CONFIG_RISCV_M_MODE
198	/* flush the instruction cache */
199	fence.i
200
201	/* Reset all registers except ra, a0, a1 */
202	call reset_regs
203
204	/*
205	 * Setup a PMP to permit access to all of memory.  Some machines may
206	 * not implement PMPs, so we set up a quick trap handler to just skip
207	 * touching the PMPs on any trap.
208	 */
209	la a0, .Lpmp_done
210	csrw CSR_TVEC, a0
211
212	li a0, -1
213	csrw CSR_PMPADDR0, a0
214	li a0, (PMP_A_NAPOT | PMP_R | PMP_W | PMP_X)
215	csrw CSR_PMPCFG0, a0
216.align 2
217.Lpmp_done:
218
219	/*
220	 * The hartid in a0 is expected later on, and we have no firmware
221	 * to hand it to us.
222	 */
223	csrr a0, CSR_MHARTID
224#endif /* CONFIG_RISCV_M_MODE */
225
226	/* Load the global pointer */
227	load_global_pointer
228
229	/*
230	 * Disable FPU & VECTOR to detect illegal usage of
231	 * floating point or vector in kernel space
232	 */
233	li t0, SR_FS_VS
234	csrc CSR_STATUS, t0
235
236#ifdef CONFIG_RISCV_BOOT_SPINWAIT
237	li t0, CONFIG_NR_CPUS
238	blt a0, t0, .Lgood_cores
239	tail .Lsecondary_park
240.Lgood_cores:
241
242	/* The lottery system is only required for spinwait booting method */
243#ifndef CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL
244	/* Pick one hart to run the main boot sequence */
245	la a3, hart_lottery
246	li a2, 1
247	amoadd.w a3, a2, (a3)
248	bnez a3, .Lsecondary_start
249
250#else
251	/* hart_lottery in flash contains a magic number */
252	la a3, hart_lottery
253	mv a2, a3
254	XIP_FIXUP_OFFSET a2
255	XIP_FIXUP_FLASH_OFFSET a3
256	lw t1, (a3)
257	amoswap.w t0, t1, (a2)
258	/* first time here if hart_lottery in RAM is not set */
259	beq t0, t1, .Lsecondary_start
260
261#endif /* CONFIG_XIP */
262#endif /* CONFIG_RISCV_BOOT_SPINWAIT */
263
264#ifdef CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL
265	la sp, _end + THREAD_SIZE
266	XIP_FIXUP_OFFSET sp
267	mv s0, a0
268	mv s1, a1
269	call __copy_data
270
271	/* Restore a0 & a1 copy */
272	mv a0, s0
273	mv a1, s1
274#endif
275
276#ifndef CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL
277	/* Clear BSS for flat non-ELF images */
278	la a3, __bss_start
279	la a4, __bss_stop
280	ble a4, a3, .Lclear_bss_done
281.Lclear_bss:
282	REG_S zero, (a3)
283	add a3, a3, RISCV_SZPTR
284	blt a3, a4, .Lclear_bss
285.Lclear_bss_done:
286#endif
287	la a2, boot_cpu_hartid
288	XIP_FIXUP_OFFSET a2
289	REG_S a0, (a2)
290
291	/* Initialize page tables and relocate to virtual addresses */
292	la tp, init_task
293	la sp, init_thread_union + THREAD_SIZE
294	XIP_FIXUP_OFFSET sp
295	addi sp, sp, -PT_SIZE_ON_STACK
296	scs_load_init_stack
297#ifdef CONFIG_BUILTIN_DTB
298	la a0, __dtb_start
299	XIP_FIXUP_OFFSET a0
300#else
301	mv a0, a1
302#endif /* CONFIG_BUILTIN_DTB */
303	call setup_vm
304#ifdef CONFIG_MMU
305	la a0, early_pg_dir
306	XIP_FIXUP_OFFSET a0
307	call relocate_enable_mmu
308#endif /* CONFIG_MMU */
309
310	call .Lsetup_trap_vector
311	/* Restore C environment */
312	la tp, init_task
313	la sp, init_thread_union + THREAD_SIZE
314	addi sp, sp, -PT_SIZE_ON_STACK
315	scs_load_current
316
317#ifdef CONFIG_KASAN
318	call kasan_early_init
319#endif
320	/* Start the kernel */
321	call soc_early_init
322	tail start_kernel
323
324#ifdef CONFIG_RISCV_BOOT_SPINWAIT
325.Lsecondary_start:
326	/* Set trap vector to spin forever to help debug */
327	la a3, .Lsecondary_park
328	csrw CSR_TVEC, a3
329
330	slli a3, a0, LGREG
331	la a1, __cpu_spinwait_stack_pointer
332	XIP_FIXUP_OFFSET a1
333	la a2, __cpu_spinwait_task_pointer
334	XIP_FIXUP_OFFSET a2
335	add a1, a3, a1
336	add a2, a3, a2
337
338	/*
339	 * This hart didn't win the lottery, so we wait for the winning hart to
340	 * get far enough along the boot process that it should continue.
341	 */
342.Lwait_for_cpu_up:
343	/* FIXME: We should WFI to save some energy here. */
344	REG_L sp, (a1)
345	REG_L tp, (a2)
346	beqz sp, .Lwait_for_cpu_up
347	beqz tp, .Lwait_for_cpu_up
348	fence
349
350	tail .Lsecondary_start_common
351#endif /* CONFIG_RISCV_BOOT_SPINWAIT */
352
353SYM_CODE_END(_start_kernel)
354
355#ifdef CONFIG_RISCV_M_MODE
356SYM_CODE_START_LOCAL(reset_regs)
357	li	sp, 0
358	li	gp, 0
359	li	tp, 0
360	li	t0, 0
361	li	t1, 0
362	li	t2, 0
363	li	s0, 0
364	li	s1, 0
365	li	a2, 0
366	li	a3, 0
367	li	a4, 0
368	li	a5, 0
369	li	a6, 0
370	li	a7, 0
371	li	s2, 0
372	li	s3, 0
373	li	s4, 0
374	li	s5, 0
375	li	s6, 0
376	li	s7, 0
377	li	s8, 0
378	li	s9, 0
379	li	s10, 0
380	li	s11, 0
381	li	t3, 0
382	li	t4, 0
383	li	t5, 0
384	li	t6, 0
385	csrw	CSR_SCRATCH, 0
386
387#ifdef CONFIG_FPU
388	csrr	t0, CSR_MISA
389	andi	t0, t0, (COMPAT_HWCAP_ISA_F | COMPAT_HWCAP_ISA_D)
390	beqz	t0, .Lreset_regs_done_fpu
391
392	li	t1, SR_FS
393	csrs	CSR_STATUS, t1
394	fmv.s.x	f0, zero
395	fmv.s.x	f1, zero
396	fmv.s.x	f2, zero
397	fmv.s.x	f3, zero
398	fmv.s.x	f4, zero
399	fmv.s.x	f5, zero
400	fmv.s.x	f6, zero
401	fmv.s.x	f7, zero
402	fmv.s.x	f8, zero
403	fmv.s.x	f9, zero
404	fmv.s.x	f10, zero
405	fmv.s.x	f11, zero
406	fmv.s.x	f12, zero
407	fmv.s.x	f13, zero
408	fmv.s.x	f14, zero
409	fmv.s.x	f15, zero
410	fmv.s.x	f16, zero
411	fmv.s.x	f17, zero
412	fmv.s.x	f18, zero
413	fmv.s.x	f19, zero
414	fmv.s.x	f20, zero
415	fmv.s.x	f21, zero
416	fmv.s.x	f22, zero
417	fmv.s.x	f23, zero
418	fmv.s.x	f24, zero
419	fmv.s.x	f25, zero
420	fmv.s.x	f26, zero
421	fmv.s.x	f27, zero
422	fmv.s.x	f28, zero
423	fmv.s.x	f29, zero
424	fmv.s.x	f30, zero
425	fmv.s.x	f31, zero
426	csrw	fcsr, 0
427	/* note that the caller must clear SR_FS */
428.Lreset_regs_done_fpu:
429#endif /* CONFIG_FPU */
430
431#ifdef CONFIG_RISCV_ISA_V
432	csrr	t0, CSR_MISA
433	li	t1, COMPAT_HWCAP_ISA_V
434	and	t0, t0, t1
435	beqz	t0, .Lreset_regs_done_vector
436
437	/*
438	 * Clear vector registers and reset vcsr
439	 * VLMAX has a defined value, VLEN is a constant,
440	 * and this form of vsetvli is defined to set vl to VLMAX.
441	 */
442	li	t1, SR_VS
443	csrs	CSR_STATUS, t1
444	csrs	CSR_VCSR, x0
445	vsetvli t1, x0, e8, m8, ta, ma
446	vmv.v.i v0, 0
447	vmv.v.i v8, 0
448	vmv.v.i v16, 0
449	vmv.v.i v24, 0
450	/* note that the caller must clear SR_VS */
451.Lreset_regs_done_vector:
452#endif /* CONFIG_RISCV_ISA_V */
453	ret
454SYM_CODE_END(reset_regs)
455#endif /* CONFIG_RISCV_M_MODE */
456