xref: /linux/arch/riscv/kernel/head.S (revision b8e4b0529d59a3ccd0b25a31d3cfc8b0f3b34068)
1/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only */
2/*
3 * Copyright (C) 2012 Regents of the University of California
4 */
5
6#include <asm/asm-offsets.h>
7#include <asm/asm.h>
8#include <linux/init.h>
9#include <linux/linkage.h>
10#include <asm/thread_info.h>
11#include <asm/page.h>
12#include <asm/pgtable.h>
13#include <asm/csr.h>
14#include <asm/hwcap.h>
15#include <asm/image.h>
16#include <asm/scs.h>
17#include <asm/xip_fixup.h>
18#include "efi-header.S"
19
20__HEAD
21SYM_CODE_START(_start)
22	/*
23	 * Image header expected by Linux boot-loaders. The image header data
24	 * structure is described in asm/image.h.
25	 * Do not modify it without modifying the structure and all bootloaders
26	 * that expects this header format!!
27	 */
28#ifdef CONFIG_EFI
29	/*
30	 * This instruction decodes to "MZ" ASCII required by UEFI.
31	 */
32	c.li s4,-13
33	j _start_kernel
34#else
35	/* jump to start kernel */
36	j _start_kernel
37	/* reserved */
38	.word 0
39#endif
40	.balign 8
41#ifdef CONFIG_RISCV_M_MODE
42	/* Image load offset (0MB) from start of RAM for M-mode */
43	.dword 0
44#else
45#if __riscv_xlen == 64
46	/* Image load offset(2MB) from start of RAM */
47	.dword 0x200000
48#else
49	/* Image load offset(4MB) from start of RAM */
50	.dword 0x400000
51#endif
52#endif
53	/* Effective size of kernel image */
54	.dword _end - _start
55	.dword __HEAD_FLAGS
56	.word RISCV_HEADER_VERSION
57	.word 0
58	.dword 0
59	.ascii RISCV_IMAGE_MAGIC
60	.balign 4
61	.ascii RISCV_IMAGE_MAGIC2
62#ifdef CONFIG_EFI
63	.word pe_head_start - _start
64pe_head_start:
65
66	__EFI_PE_HEADER
67#else
68	.word 0
69#endif
70
71.align 2
72#ifdef CONFIG_MMU
73	.global relocate_enable_mmu
74relocate_enable_mmu:
75	/* Relocate return address */
76	la a1, kernel_map
77	XIP_FIXUP_OFFSET a1
78	REG_L a1, KERNEL_MAP_VIRT_ADDR(a1)
79	la a2, _start
80	sub a1, a1, a2
81	add ra, ra, a1
82
83	/* Point stvec to virtual address of intruction after satp write */
84	la a2, 1f
85	add a2, a2, a1
86	csrw CSR_TVEC, a2
87
88	/* Compute satp for kernel page tables, but don't load it yet */
89	srl a2, a0, PAGE_SHIFT
90	la a1, satp_mode
91	XIP_FIXUP_OFFSET a1
92	REG_L a1, 0(a1)
93	or a2, a2, a1
94
95	/*
96	 * Load trampoline page directory, which will cause us to trap to
97	 * stvec if VA != PA, or simply fall through if VA == PA.  We need a
98	 * full fence here because setup_vm() just wrote these PTEs and we need
99	 * to ensure the new translations are in use.
100	 */
101	la a0, trampoline_pg_dir
102	XIP_FIXUP_OFFSET a0
103	srl a0, a0, PAGE_SHIFT
104	or a0, a0, a1
105	sfence.vma
106	csrw CSR_SATP, a0
107.align 2
1081:
109	/* Set trap vector to spin forever to help debug */
110	la a0, .Lsecondary_park
111	csrw CSR_TVEC, a0
112
113	/* Reload the global pointer */
114	load_global_pointer
115
116	/*
117	 * Switch to kernel page tables.  A full fence is necessary in order to
118	 * avoid using the trampoline translations, which are only correct for
119	 * the first superpage.  Fetching the fence is guaranteed to work
120	 * because that first superpage is translated the same way.
121	 */
122	csrw CSR_SATP, a2
123	sfence.vma
124
125	ret
126#endif /* CONFIG_MMU */
127#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
128	.global secondary_start_sbi
129secondary_start_sbi:
130	/* Mask all interrupts */
131	csrw CSR_IE, zero
132	csrw CSR_IP, zero
133
134	/* Load the global pointer */
135	load_global_pointer
136
137	/*
138	 * Disable FPU & VECTOR to detect illegal usage of
139	 * floating point or vector in kernel space
140	 */
141	li t0, SR_FS_VS
142	csrc CSR_STATUS, t0
143
144	/* Set trap vector to spin forever to help debug */
145	la a3, .Lsecondary_park
146	csrw CSR_TVEC, a3
147
148	/* a0 contains the hartid & a1 contains boot data */
149	li a2, SBI_HART_BOOT_TASK_PTR_OFFSET
150	XIP_FIXUP_OFFSET a2
151	add a2, a2, a1
152	REG_L tp, (a2)
153	li a3, SBI_HART_BOOT_STACK_PTR_OFFSET
154	XIP_FIXUP_OFFSET a3
155	add a3, a3, a1
156	REG_L sp, (a3)
157
158.Lsecondary_start_common:
159
160#ifdef CONFIG_MMU
161	/* Enable virtual memory and relocate to virtual address */
162	la a0, swapper_pg_dir
163	XIP_FIXUP_OFFSET a0
164	call relocate_enable_mmu
165#endif
166	call .Lsetup_trap_vector
167	scs_load_current
168	call smp_callin
169#endif /* CONFIG_SMP */
170
171.align 2
172.Lsecondary_park:
173	/*
174	 * Park this hart if we:
175	 *  - have too many harts on CONFIG_RISCV_BOOT_SPINWAIT
176	 *  - receive an early trap, before setup_trap_vector finished
177	 *  - fail in smp_callin(), as a successful one wouldn't return
178	 */
179	wfi
180	j .Lsecondary_park
181
182.align 2
183.Lsetup_trap_vector:
184	/* Set trap vector to exception handler */
185	la a0, handle_exception
186	csrw CSR_TVEC, a0
187
188	/*
189	 * Set sup0 scratch register to 0, indicating to exception vector that
190	 * we are presently executing in kernel.
191	 */
192	csrw CSR_SCRATCH, zero
193	ret
194
195SYM_CODE_END(_start)
196
197SYM_CODE_START(_start_kernel)
198	/* Mask all interrupts */
199	csrw CSR_IE, zero
200	csrw CSR_IP, zero
201
202#ifdef CONFIG_RISCV_M_MODE
203	/* flush the instruction cache */
204	fence.i
205
206	/* Reset all registers except ra, a0, a1 */
207	call reset_regs
208
209	/*
210	 * Setup a PMP to permit access to all of memory.  Some machines may
211	 * not implement PMPs, so we set up a quick trap handler to just skip
212	 * touching the PMPs on any trap.
213	 */
214	la a0, .Lpmp_done
215	csrw CSR_TVEC, a0
216
217	li a0, -1
218	csrw CSR_PMPADDR0, a0
219	li a0, (PMP_A_NAPOT | PMP_R | PMP_W | PMP_X)
220	csrw CSR_PMPCFG0, a0
221.align 2
222.Lpmp_done:
223
224	/*
225	 * The hartid in a0 is expected later on, and we have no firmware
226	 * to hand it to us.
227	 */
228	csrr a0, CSR_MHARTID
229#endif /* CONFIG_RISCV_M_MODE */
230
231	/* Load the global pointer */
232	load_global_pointer
233
234	/*
235	 * Disable FPU & VECTOR to detect illegal usage of
236	 * floating point or vector in kernel space
237	 */
238	li t0, SR_FS_VS
239	csrc CSR_STATUS, t0
240
241#ifdef CONFIG_RISCV_BOOT_SPINWAIT
242	li t0, CONFIG_NR_CPUS
243	blt a0, t0, .Lgood_cores
244	tail .Lsecondary_park
245.Lgood_cores:
246
247	/* The lottery system is only required for spinwait booting method */
248#ifndef CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL
249	/* Pick one hart to run the main boot sequence */
250	la a3, hart_lottery
251	li a2, 1
252	amoadd.w a3, a2, (a3)
253	bnez a3, .Lsecondary_start
254
255#else
256	/* hart_lottery in flash contains a magic number */
257	la a3, hart_lottery
258	mv a2, a3
259	XIP_FIXUP_OFFSET a2
260	XIP_FIXUP_FLASH_OFFSET a3
261	lw t1, (a3)
262	amoswap.w t0, t1, (a2)
263	/* first time here if hart_lottery in RAM is not set */
264	beq t0, t1, .Lsecondary_start
265
266#endif /* CONFIG_XIP */
267#endif /* CONFIG_RISCV_BOOT_SPINWAIT */
268
269#ifdef CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL
270	la sp, _end + THREAD_SIZE
271	XIP_FIXUP_OFFSET sp
272	mv s0, a0
273	mv s1, a1
274	call __copy_data
275
276	/* Restore a0 & a1 copy */
277	mv a0, s0
278	mv a1, s1
279#endif
280
281#ifndef CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL
282	/* Clear BSS for flat non-ELF images */
283	la a3, __bss_start
284	la a4, __bss_stop
285	ble a4, a3, .Lclear_bss_done
286.Lclear_bss:
287	REG_S zero, (a3)
288	add a3, a3, RISCV_SZPTR
289	blt a3, a4, .Lclear_bss
290.Lclear_bss_done:
291#endif
292	la a2, boot_cpu_hartid
293	XIP_FIXUP_OFFSET a2
294	REG_S a0, (a2)
295
296	/* Initialize page tables and relocate to virtual addresses */
297	la tp, init_task
298	la sp, init_thread_union + THREAD_SIZE
299	XIP_FIXUP_OFFSET sp
300	addi sp, sp, -PT_SIZE_ON_STACK
301	scs_load_init_stack
302#ifdef CONFIG_BUILTIN_DTB
303	la a0, __dtb_start
304	XIP_FIXUP_OFFSET a0
305#else
306	mv a0, a1
307#endif /* CONFIG_BUILTIN_DTB */
308	/* Set trap vector to spin forever to help debug */
309	la a3, .Lsecondary_park
310	csrw CSR_TVEC, a3
311	call setup_vm
312#ifdef CONFIG_MMU
313	la a0, early_pg_dir
314	XIP_FIXUP_OFFSET a0
315	call relocate_enable_mmu
316#endif /* CONFIG_MMU */
317
318	call .Lsetup_trap_vector
319	/* Restore C environment */
320	la tp, init_task
321	la sp, init_thread_union + THREAD_SIZE
322	addi sp, sp, -PT_SIZE_ON_STACK
323	scs_load_current
324
325#ifdef CONFIG_KASAN
326	call kasan_early_init
327#endif
328	/* Start the kernel */
329	call soc_early_init
330	tail start_kernel
331
332#ifdef CONFIG_RISCV_BOOT_SPINWAIT
333.Lsecondary_start:
334	/* Set trap vector to spin forever to help debug */
335	la a3, .Lsecondary_park
336	csrw CSR_TVEC, a3
337
338	slli a3, a0, LGREG
339	la a1, __cpu_spinwait_stack_pointer
340	XIP_FIXUP_OFFSET a1
341	la a2, __cpu_spinwait_task_pointer
342	XIP_FIXUP_OFFSET a2
343	add a1, a3, a1
344	add a2, a3, a2
345
346	/*
347	 * This hart didn't win the lottery, so we wait for the winning hart to
348	 * get far enough along the boot process that it should continue.
349	 */
350.Lwait_for_cpu_up:
351	/* FIXME: We should WFI to save some energy here. */
352	REG_L sp, (a1)
353	REG_L tp, (a2)
354	beqz sp, .Lwait_for_cpu_up
355	beqz tp, .Lwait_for_cpu_up
356	fence
357
358	tail .Lsecondary_start_common
359#endif /* CONFIG_RISCV_BOOT_SPINWAIT */
360
361SYM_CODE_END(_start_kernel)
362
363#ifdef CONFIG_RISCV_M_MODE
364SYM_CODE_START_LOCAL(reset_regs)
365	li	sp, 0
366	li	gp, 0
367	li	tp, 0
368	li	t0, 0
369	li	t1, 0
370	li	t2, 0
371	li	s0, 0
372	li	s1, 0
373	li	a2, 0
374	li	a3, 0
375	li	a4, 0
376	li	a5, 0
377	li	a6, 0
378	li	a7, 0
379	li	s2, 0
380	li	s3, 0
381	li	s4, 0
382	li	s5, 0
383	li	s6, 0
384	li	s7, 0
385	li	s8, 0
386	li	s9, 0
387	li	s10, 0
388	li	s11, 0
389	li	t3, 0
390	li	t4, 0
391	li	t5, 0
392	li	t6, 0
393	csrw	CSR_SCRATCH, 0
394
395#ifdef CONFIG_FPU
396	csrr	t0, CSR_MISA
397	andi	t0, t0, (COMPAT_HWCAP_ISA_F | COMPAT_HWCAP_ISA_D)
398	beqz	t0, .Lreset_regs_done_fpu
399
400	li	t1, SR_FS
401	csrs	CSR_STATUS, t1
402	fmv.s.x	f0, zero
403	fmv.s.x	f1, zero
404	fmv.s.x	f2, zero
405	fmv.s.x	f3, zero
406	fmv.s.x	f4, zero
407	fmv.s.x	f5, zero
408	fmv.s.x	f6, zero
409	fmv.s.x	f7, zero
410	fmv.s.x	f8, zero
411	fmv.s.x	f9, zero
412	fmv.s.x	f10, zero
413	fmv.s.x	f11, zero
414	fmv.s.x	f12, zero
415	fmv.s.x	f13, zero
416	fmv.s.x	f14, zero
417	fmv.s.x	f15, zero
418	fmv.s.x	f16, zero
419	fmv.s.x	f17, zero
420	fmv.s.x	f18, zero
421	fmv.s.x	f19, zero
422	fmv.s.x	f20, zero
423	fmv.s.x	f21, zero
424	fmv.s.x	f22, zero
425	fmv.s.x	f23, zero
426	fmv.s.x	f24, zero
427	fmv.s.x	f25, zero
428	fmv.s.x	f26, zero
429	fmv.s.x	f27, zero
430	fmv.s.x	f28, zero
431	fmv.s.x	f29, zero
432	fmv.s.x	f30, zero
433	fmv.s.x	f31, zero
434	csrw	fcsr, 0
435	/* note that the caller must clear SR_FS */
436.Lreset_regs_done_fpu:
437#endif /* CONFIG_FPU */
438
439#ifdef CONFIG_RISCV_ISA_V
440	csrr	t0, CSR_MISA
441	li	t1, COMPAT_HWCAP_ISA_V
442	and	t0, t0, t1
443	beqz	t0, .Lreset_regs_done_vector
444
445	/*
446	 * Clear vector registers and reset vcsr
447	 * VLMAX has a defined value, VLEN is a constant,
448	 * and this form of vsetvli is defined to set vl to VLMAX.
449	 */
450	li	t1, SR_VS
451	csrs	CSR_STATUS, t1
452	csrs	CSR_VCSR, x0
453	vsetvli t1, x0, e8, m8, ta, ma
454	vmv.v.i v0, 0
455	vmv.v.i v8, 0
456	vmv.v.i v16, 0
457	vmv.v.i v24, 0
458	/* note that the caller must clear SR_VS */
459.Lreset_regs_done_vector:
460#endif /* CONFIG_RISCV_ISA_V */
461	ret
462SYM_CODE_END(reset_regs)
463#endif /* CONFIG_RISCV_M_MODE */
464