xref: /linux/arch/powerpc/kexec/ranges.c (revision 3a2c4d55e32ad65efebdb6de44eef3bfa08bb49d)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
2 /*
3  * powerpc code to implement the kexec_file_load syscall
4  *
5  * Copyright (C) 2004  Adam Litke (agl@us.ibm.com)
6  * Copyright (C) 2004  IBM Corp.
7  * Copyright (C) 2004,2005  Milton D Miller II, IBM Corporation
8  * Copyright (C) 2005  R Sharada (sharada@in.ibm.com)
9  * Copyright (C) 2006  Mohan Kumar M (mohan@in.ibm.com)
10  * Copyright (C) 2020  IBM Corporation
11  *
12  * Based on kexec-tools' kexec-ppc64.c, fs2dt.c.
13  * Heavily modified for the kernel by
14  * Hari Bathini, IBM Corporation.
15  */
16 
17 #define pr_fmt(fmt) "kexec ranges: " fmt
18 
19 #include <linux/sort.h>
20 #include <linux/kexec.h>
21 #include <linux/of.h>
22 #include <linux/slab.h>
23 #include <linux/memblock.h>
24 #include <linux/minmax.h>
25 #include <linux/crash_core.h>
26 #include <asm/sections.h>
27 #include <asm/kexec_ranges.h>
28 #include <asm/crashdump-ppc64.h>
29 
30 #if defined(CONFIG_KEXEC_FILE) || defined(CONFIG_CRASH_DUMP)
31 /**
32  * get_max_nr_ranges - Get the max no. of ranges crash_mem structure
33  *                     could hold, given the size allocated for it.
34  * @size:              Allocation size of crash_mem structure.
35  *
36  * Returns the maximum no. of ranges.
37  */
38 static inline unsigned int get_max_nr_ranges(size_t size)
39 {
40 	return ((size - sizeof(struct crash_mem)) /
41 		sizeof(struct range));
42 }
43 
44 /**
45  * get_mem_rngs_size - Get the allocated size of mem_rngs based on
46  *                     max_nr_ranges and chunk size.
47  * @mem_rngs:          Memory ranges.
48  *
49  * Returns the maximum size of @mem_rngs.
50  */
51 static inline size_t get_mem_rngs_size(struct crash_mem *mem_rngs)
52 {
53 	size_t size;
54 
55 	if (!mem_rngs)
56 		return 0;
57 
58 	size = (sizeof(struct crash_mem) +
59 		(mem_rngs->max_nr_ranges * sizeof(struct range)));
60 
61 	/*
62 	 * Memory is allocated in size multiple of MEM_RANGE_CHUNK_SZ.
63 	 * So, align to get the actual length.
64 	 */
65 	return ALIGN(size, MEM_RANGE_CHUNK_SZ);
66 }
67 
68 /**
69  * __add_mem_range - add a memory range to memory ranges list.
70  * @mem_ranges:      Range list to add the memory range to.
71  * @base:            Base address of the range to add.
72  * @size:            Size of the memory range to add.
73  *
74  * (Re)allocates memory, if needed.
75  *
76  * Returns 0 on success, negative errno on error.
77  */
78 static int __add_mem_range(struct crash_mem **mem_ranges, u64 base, u64 size)
79 {
80 	struct crash_mem *mem_rngs = *mem_ranges;
81 
82 	if (!mem_rngs || (mem_rngs->nr_ranges == mem_rngs->max_nr_ranges)) {
83 		mem_rngs = realloc_mem_ranges(mem_ranges);
84 		if (!mem_rngs)
85 			return -ENOMEM;
86 	}
87 
88 	mem_rngs->ranges[mem_rngs->nr_ranges].start = base;
89 	mem_rngs->ranges[mem_rngs->nr_ranges].end = base + size - 1;
90 	pr_debug("Added memory range [%#016llx - %#016llx] at index %d\n",
91 		 base, base + size - 1, mem_rngs->nr_ranges);
92 	mem_rngs->nr_ranges++;
93 	return 0;
94 }
95 
96 /**
97  * __merge_memory_ranges - Merges the given memory ranges list.
98  * @mem_rngs:              Range list to merge.
99  *
100  * Assumes a sorted range list.
101  *
102  * Returns nothing.
103  */
104 static void __merge_memory_ranges(struct crash_mem *mem_rngs)
105 {
106 	struct range *ranges;
107 	int i, idx;
108 
109 	if (!mem_rngs || mem_rngs->nr_ranges <= 1)
110 		return;
111 
112 	idx = 0;
113 	ranges = mem_rngs->ranges;
114 	for (i = 1; i < mem_rngs->nr_ranges; i++) {
115 		if (ranges[i].start <= (ranges[idx].end + 1))
116 			ranges[idx].end = max(ranges[idx].end, ranges[i].end);
117 		else {
118 			idx++;
119 			ranges[idx] = ranges[i];
120 		}
121 	}
122 	mem_rngs->nr_ranges = idx + 1;
123 }
124 
125 /* cmp_func_t callback to sort ranges with sort() */
126 static int rngcmp(const void *_x, const void *_y)
127 {
128 	const struct range *x = _x, *y = _y;
129 
130 	if (x->start > y->start)
131 		return 1;
132 	if (x->start < y->start)
133 		return -1;
134 	return 0;
135 }
136 
137 /**
138  * sort_memory_ranges - Sorts the given memory ranges list.
139  * @mem_rngs:           Range list to sort.
140  * @merge:              If true, merge the list after sorting.
141  *
142  * Returns nothing.
143  */
144 void sort_memory_ranges(struct crash_mem *mem_rngs, bool merge)
145 {
146 	int i;
147 
148 	if (!mem_rngs)
149 		return;
150 
151 	/* Sort the ranges in-place */
152 	sort(&(mem_rngs->ranges[0]), mem_rngs->nr_ranges,
153 	     sizeof(mem_rngs->ranges[0]), rngcmp, NULL);
154 
155 	if (merge)
156 		__merge_memory_ranges(mem_rngs);
157 
158 	/* For debugging purpose */
159 	pr_debug("Memory ranges:\n");
160 	for (i = 0; i < mem_rngs->nr_ranges; i++) {
161 		pr_debug("\t[%03d][%#016llx - %#016llx]\n", i,
162 			 mem_rngs->ranges[i].start,
163 			 mem_rngs->ranges[i].end);
164 	}
165 }
166 
167 /**
168  * realloc_mem_ranges - reallocate mem_ranges with size incremented
169  *                      by MEM_RANGE_CHUNK_SZ. Frees up the old memory,
170  *                      if memory allocation fails.
171  * @mem_ranges:         Memory ranges to reallocate.
172  *
173  * Returns pointer to reallocated memory on success, NULL otherwise.
174  */
175 struct crash_mem *realloc_mem_ranges(struct crash_mem **mem_ranges)
176 {
177 	struct crash_mem *mem_rngs = *mem_ranges;
178 	unsigned int nr_ranges;
179 	size_t size;
180 
181 	size = get_mem_rngs_size(mem_rngs);
182 	nr_ranges = mem_rngs ? mem_rngs->nr_ranges : 0;
183 
184 	size += MEM_RANGE_CHUNK_SZ;
185 	mem_rngs = krealloc(*mem_ranges, size, GFP_KERNEL);
186 	if (!mem_rngs) {
187 		kfree(*mem_ranges);
188 		*mem_ranges = NULL;
189 		return NULL;
190 	}
191 
192 	mem_rngs->nr_ranges = nr_ranges;
193 	mem_rngs->max_nr_ranges = get_max_nr_ranges(size);
194 	*mem_ranges = mem_rngs;
195 
196 	return mem_rngs;
197 }
198 
199 /**
200  * add_mem_range - Updates existing memory range, if there is an overlap.
201  *                 Else, adds a new memory range.
202  * @mem_ranges:    Range list to add the memory range to.
203  * @base:          Base address of the range to add.
204  * @size:          Size of the memory range to add.
205  *
206  * (Re)allocates memory, if needed.
207  *
208  * Returns 0 on success, negative errno on error.
209  */
210 int add_mem_range(struct crash_mem **mem_ranges, u64 base, u64 size)
211 {
212 	struct crash_mem *mem_rngs = *mem_ranges;
213 	u64 mstart, mend, end;
214 	unsigned int i;
215 
216 	if (!size)
217 		return 0;
218 
219 	end = base + size - 1;
220 
221 	if (!mem_rngs || !(mem_rngs->nr_ranges))
222 		return __add_mem_range(mem_ranges, base, size);
223 
224 	for (i = 0; i < mem_rngs->nr_ranges; i++) {
225 		mstart = mem_rngs->ranges[i].start;
226 		mend = mem_rngs->ranges[i].end;
227 		if (base < mend && end > mstart) {
228 			if (base < mstart)
229 				mem_rngs->ranges[i].start = base;
230 			if (end > mend)
231 				mem_rngs->ranges[i].end = end;
232 			return 0;
233 		}
234 	}
235 
236 	return __add_mem_range(mem_ranges, base, size);
237 }
238 
239 #endif /* CONFIG_KEXEC_FILE || CONFIG_CRASH_DUMP */
240 
241 #ifdef CONFIG_KEXEC_FILE
242 /**
243  * add_tce_mem_ranges - Adds tce-table range to the given memory ranges list.
244  * @mem_ranges:         Range list to add the memory range(s) to.
245  *
246  * Returns 0 on success, negative errno on error.
247  */
248 static int add_tce_mem_ranges(struct crash_mem **mem_ranges)
249 {
250 	struct device_node *dn = NULL;
251 	int ret = 0;
252 
253 	for_each_node_by_type(dn, "pci") {
254 		u64 base;
255 		u32 size;
256 
257 		ret = of_property_read_u64(dn, "linux,tce-base", &base);
258 		ret |= of_property_read_u32(dn, "linux,tce-size", &size);
259 		if (ret) {
260 			/*
261 			 * It is ok to have pci nodes without tce. So, ignore
262 			 * property does not exist error.
263 			 */
264 			if (ret == -EINVAL) {
265 				ret = 0;
266 				continue;
267 			}
268 			break;
269 		}
270 
271 		ret = add_mem_range(mem_ranges, base, size);
272 		if (ret)
273 			break;
274 	}
275 
276 	of_node_put(dn);
277 	return ret;
278 }
279 
280 /**
281  * add_initrd_mem_range - Adds initrd range to the given memory ranges list,
282  *                        if the initrd was retained.
283  * @mem_ranges:           Range list to add the memory range to.
284  *
285  * Returns 0 on success, negative errno on error.
286  */
287 static int add_initrd_mem_range(struct crash_mem **mem_ranges)
288 {
289 	u64 base, end;
290 	int ret;
291 
292 	/* This range means something, only if initrd was retained */
293 	if (!strstr(saved_command_line, "retain_initrd"))
294 		return 0;
295 
296 	ret = of_property_read_u64(of_chosen, "linux,initrd-start", &base);
297 	ret |= of_property_read_u64(of_chosen, "linux,initrd-end", &end);
298 	if (!ret)
299 		ret = add_mem_range(mem_ranges, base, end - base + 1);
300 
301 	return ret;
302 }
303 
304 /**
305  * add_htab_mem_range - Adds htab range to the given memory ranges list,
306  *                      if it exists
307  * @mem_ranges:         Range list to add the memory range to.
308  *
309  * Returns 0 on success, negative errno on error.
310  */
311 static int add_htab_mem_range(struct crash_mem **mem_ranges)
312 {
313 
314 #ifdef CONFIG_PPC_64S_HASH_MMU
315 	if (!htab_address)
316 		return 0;
317 
318 	return add_mem_range(mem_ranges, __pa(htab_address), htab_size_bytes);
319 #else
320 	return 0;
321 #endif
322 }
323 
324 /**
325  * add_kernel_mem_range - Adds kernel text region to the given
326  *                        memory ranges list.
327  * @mem_ranges:           Range list to add the memory range to.
328  *
329  * Returns 0 on success, negative errno on error.
330  */
331 static int add_kernel_mem_range(struct crash_mem **mem_ranges)
332 {
333 	return add_mem_range(mem_ranges, 0, __pa(_end));
334 }
335 #endif /* CONFIG_KEXEC_FILE */
336 
337 #if defined(CONFIG_KEXEC_FILE) || defined(CONFIG_CRASH_DUMP)
338 /**
339  * add_rtas_mem_range - Adds RTAS region to the given memory ranges list.
340  * @mem_ranges:         Range list to add the memory range to.
341  *
342  * Returns 0 on success, negative errno on error.
343  */
344 static int add_rtas_mem_range(struct crash_mem **mem_ranges)
345 {
346 	struct device_node *dn;
347 	u32 base, size;
348 	int ret = 0;
349 
350 	dn = of_find_node_by_path("/rtas");
351 	if (!dn)
352 		return 0;
353 
354 	ret = of_property_read_u32(dn, "linux,rtas-base", &base);
355 	ret |= of_property_read_u32(dn, "rtas-size", &size);
356 	if (!ret)
357 		ret = add_mem_range(mem_ranges, base, size);
358 
359 	of_node_put(dn);
360 	return ret;
361 }
362 
363 /**
364  * add_opal_mem_range - Adds OPAL region to the given memory ranges list.
365  * @mem_ranges:         Range list to add the memory range to.
366  *
367  * Returns 0 on success, negative errno on error.
368  */
369 static int add_opal_mem_range(struct crash_mem **mem_ranges)
370 {
371 	struct device_node *dn;
372 	u64 base, size;
373 	int ret;
374 
375 	dn = of_find_node_by_path("/ibm,opal");
376 	if (!dn)
377 		return 0;
378 
379 	ret = of_property_read_u64(dn, "opal-base-address", &base);
380 	ret |= of_property_read_u64(dn, "opal-runtime-size", &size);
381 	if (!ret)
382 		ret = add_mem_range(mem_ranges, base, size);
383 
384 	of_node_put(dn);
385 	return ret;
386 }
387 #endif /* CONFIG_KEXEC_FILE || CONFIG_CRASH_DUMP */
388 
389 #ifdef CONFIG_KEXEC_FILE
390 /**
391  * add_reserved_mem_ranges - Adds "/reserved-ranges" regions exported by f/w
392  *                           to the given memory ranges list.
393  * @mem_ranges:              Range list to add the memory ranges to.
394  *
395  * Returns 0 on success, negative errno on error.
396  */
397 static int add_reserved_mem_ranges(struct crash_mem **mem_ranges)
398 {
399 	int n_mem_addr_cells, n_mem_size_cells, i, len, cells, ret = 0;
400 	struct device_node *root = of_find_node_by_path("/");
401 	const __be32 *prop;
402 
403 	prop = of_get_property(root, "reserved-ranges", &len);
404 	n_mem_addr_cells = of_n_addr_cells(root);
405 	n_mem_size_cells = of_n_size_cells(root);
406 	of_node_put(root);
407 	if (!prop)
408 		return 0;
409 
410 	cells = n_mem_addr_cells + n_mem_size_cells;
411 
412 	/* Each reserved range is an (address,size) pair */
413 	for (i = 0; i < (len / (sizeof(u32) * cells)); i++) {
414 		u64 base, size;
415 
416 		base = of_read_number(prop + (i * cells), n_mem_addr_cells);
417 		size = of_read_number(prop + (i * cells) + n_mem_addr_cells,
418 				      n_mem_size_cells);
419 
420 		ret = add_mem_range(mem_ranges, base, size);
421 		if (ret)
422 			break;
423 	}
424 
425 	return ret;
426 }
427 
428 /**
429  * get_reserved_memory_ranges - Get reserve memory ranges. This list includes
430  *                              memory regions that should be added to the
431  *                              memory reserve map to ensure the region is
432  *                              protected from any mischief.
433  * @mem_ranges:                 Range list to add the memory ranges to.
434  *
435  * Returns 0 on success, negative errno on error.
436  */
437 int get_reserved_memory_ranges(struct crash_mem **mem_ranges)
438 {
439 	int ret;
440 
441 	ret = add_rtas_mem_range(mem_ranges);
442 	if (ret)
443 		goto out;
444 
445 	ret = add_tce_mem_ranges(mem_ranges);
446 	if (ret)
447 		goto out;
448 
449 	ret = add_reserved_mem_ranges(mem_ranges);
450 out:
451 	if (ret)
452 		pr_err("Failed to setup reserved memory ranges\n");
453 	return ret;
454 }
455 
456 /**
457  * get_exclude_memory_ranges - Get exclude memory ranges. This list includes
458  *                             regions like opal/rtas, tce-table, initrd,
459  *                             kernel, htab which should be avoided while
460  *                             setting up kexec load segments.
461  * @mem_ranges:                Range list to add the memory ranges to.
462  *
463  * Returns 0 on success, negative errno on error.
464  */
465 int get_exclude_memory_ranges(struct crash_mem **mem_ranges)
466 {
467 	int ret;
468 
469 	ret = add_tce_mem_ranges(mem_ranges);
470 	if (ret)
471 		goto out;
472 
473 	ret = add_initrd_mem_range(mem_ranges);
474 	if (ret)
475 		goto out;
476 
477 	ret = add_htab_mem_range(mem_ranges);
478 	if (ret)
479 		goto out;
480 
481 	ret = add_kernel_mem_range(mem_ranges);
482 	if (ret)
483 		goto out;
484 
485 	ret = add_rtas_mem_range(mem_ranges);
486 	if (ret)
487 		goto out;
488 
489 	ret = add_opal_mem_range(mem_ranges);
490 	if (ret)
491 		goto out;
492 
493 	ret = add_reserved_mem_ranges(mem_ranges);
494 	if (ret)
495 		goto out;
496 
497 	/* exclude memory ranges should be sorted for easy lookup */
498 	sort_memory_ranges(*mem_ranges, true);
499 out:
500 	if (ret)
501 		pr_err("Failed to setup exclude memory ranges\n");
502 	return ret;
503 }
504 
505 #ifdef CONFIG_CRASH_DUMP
506 /**
507  * get_usable_memory_ranges - Get usable memory ranges. This list includes
508  *                            regions like crashkernel, opal/rtas & tce-table,
509  *                            that kdump kernel could use.
510  * @mem_ranges:               Range list to add the memory ranges to.
511  *
512  * Returns 0 on success, negative errno on error.
513  */
514 int get_usable_memory_ranges(struct crash_mem **mem_ranges)
515 {
516 	int ret, i;
517 
518 	/*
519 	 * Early boot failure observed on guests when low memory (first memory
520 	 * block?) is not added to usable memory. So, add [0, crashk_res.end]
521 	 * instead of [crashk_res.start, crashk_res.end] to workaround it.
522 	 * Also, crashed kernel's memory must be added to reserve map to
523 	 * avoid kdump kernel from using it.
524 	 */
525 	ret = add_mem_range(mem_ranges, 0, crashk_res.end + 1);
526 	if (ret)
527 		goto out;
528 
529 	for (i = 0; i < crashk_cma_cnt; i++) {
530 		ret = add_mem_range(mem_ranges, crashk_cma_ranges[i].start,
531 				    crashk_cma_ranges[i].end - crashk_cma_ranges[i].start + 1);
532 		if (ret)
533 			goto out;
534 	}
535 
536 	ret = add_rtas_mem_range(mem_ranges);
537 	if (ret)
538 		goto out;
539 
540 	ret = add_opal_mem_range(mem_ranges);
541 	if (ret)
542 		goto out;
543 
544 	ret = add_tce_mem_ranges(mem_ranges);
545 out:
546 	if (ret)
547 		pr_err("Failed to setup usable memory ranges\n");
548 	return ret;
549 }
550 #endif /* CONFIG_CRASH_DUMP */
551 #endif /* CONFIG_KEXEC_FILE */
552 
553 #ifdef CONFIG_CRASH_DUMP
554 int arch_crash_exclude_mem_range(struct crash_mem **mem_ranges,
555 				 unsigned long long mstart,
556 				 unsigned long long mend)
557 {
558 	struct crash_mem *tmem = *mem_ranges;
559 
560 	/* Reallocate memory ranges if there is no space to split ranges */
561 	if (tmem && (tmem->nr_ranges == tmem->max_nr_ranges)) {
562 		tmem = realloc_mem_ranges(mem_ranges);
563 		if (!tmem)
564 			return -ENOMEM;
565 	}
566 
567 	return crash_exclude_mem_range(tmem, mstart, mend);
568 }
569 
570 /**
571  * get_crash_memory_ranges - Get crash memory ranges. This list includes
572  *                           first/crashing kernel's memory regions that
573  *                           would be exported via an elfcore.
574  * @mem_ranges:              Range list to add the memory ranges to.
575  *
576  * Returns 0 on success, negative errno on error.
577  */
578 int get_crash_memory_ranges(struct crash_mem **mem_ranges)
579 {
580 	phys_addr_t base, end;
581 	u64 i;
582 	int ret;
583 
584 	for_each_mem_range(i, &base, &end) {
585 		u64 size = end - base;
586 
587 		/* Skip backup memory region, which needs a separate entry */
588 		if (base == BACKUP_SRC_START) {
589 			if (size > BACKUP_SRC_SIZE) {
590 				base = BACKUP_SRC_END + 1;
591 				size -= BACKUP_SRC_SIZE;
592 			} else
593 				continue;
594 		}
595 
596 		ret = add_mem_range(mem_ranges, base, size);
597 		if (ret)
598 			goto out;
599 
600 		/* Try merging adjacent ranges before reallocation attempt */
601 		if ((*mem_ranges)->nr_ranges == (*mem_ranges)->max_nr_ranges)
602 			sort_memory_ranges(*mem_ranges, true);
603 	}
604 
605 	ret = crash_exclude_core_ranges(mem_ranges);
606 	if (ret)
607 		goto out;
608 
609 	/*
610 	 * FIXME: For now, stay in parity with kexec-tools but if RTAS/OPAL
611 	 *        regions are exported to save their context at the time of
612 	 *        crash, they should actually be backed up just like the
613 	 *        first 64K bytes of memory.
614 	 */
615 	ret = add_rtas_mem_range(mem_ranges);
616 	if (ret)
617 		goto out;
618 
619 	ret = add_opal_mem_range(mem_ranges);
620 	if (ret)
621 		goto out;
622 
623 	/* create a separate program header for the backup region */
624 	ret = add_mem_range(mem_ranges, BACKUP_SRC_START, BACKUP_SRC_SIZE);
625 	if (ret)
626 		goto out;
627 
628 	sort_memory_ranges(*mem_ranges, false);
629 out:
630 	if (ret)
631 		pr_err("Failed to setup crash memory ranges\n");
632 	return ret;
633 }
634 #endif /* CONFIG_CRASH_DUMP */
635