xref: /linux/arch/m68k/mac/via.c (revision 3839a7460721b87501134697b7b90c45dcc7825d)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
2 /*
3  *	6522 Versatile Interface Adapter (VIA)
4  *
5  *	There are two of these on the Mac II. Some IRQs are vectored
6  *	via them as are assorted bits and bobs - eg RTC, ADB.
7  *
8  * CSA: Motorola seems to have removed documentation on the 6522 from
9  * their web site; try
10  *     http://nerini.drf.com/vectrex/other/text/chips/6522/
11  *     http://www.zymurgy.net/classic/vic20/vicdet1.htm
12  * and
13  *     http://193.23.168.87/mikro_laborversuche/via_iobaustein/via6522_1.html
14  * for info.  A full-text web search on 6522 AND VIA will probably also
15  * net some usefulness. <cananian@alumni.princeton.edu> 20apr1999
16  *
17  * Additional data is here (the SY6522 was used in the Mac II etc):
18  *     http://www.6502.org/documents/datasheets/synertek/synertek_sy6522.pdf
19  *     http://www.6502.org/documents/datasheets/synertek/synertek_sy6522_programming_reference.pdf
20  *
21  * PRAM/RTC access algorithms are from the NetBSD RTC toolkit version 1.08b
22  * by Erik Vogan and adapted to Linux by Joshua M. Thompson (funaho@jurai.org)
23  *
24  */
25 
26 #include <linux/clocksource.h>
27 #include <linux/types.h>
28 #include <linux/kernel.h>
29 #include <linux/mm.h>
30 #include <linux/delay.h>
31 #include <linux/init.h>
32 #include <linux/module.h>
33 #include <linux/irq.h>
34 
35 #include <asm/macintosh.h>
36 #include <asm/macints.h>
37 #include <asm/mac_via.h>
38 #include <asm/mac_psc.h>
39 #include <asm/mac_oss.h>
40 
41 volatile __u8 *via1, *via2;
42 int rbv_present;
43 int via_alt_mapping;
44 EXPORT_SYMBOL(via_alt_mapping);
45 static __u8 rbv_clear;
46 
47 /*
48  * Globals for accessing the VIA chip registers without having to
49  * check if we're hitting a real VIA or an RBV. Normally you could
50  * just hit the combined register (ie, vIER|rIER) but that seems to
51  * break on AV Macs...probably because they actually decode more than
52  * eight address bits. Why can't Apple engineers at least be
53  * _consistently_ lazy?                          - 1999-05-21 (jmt)
54  */
55 
56 static int gIER,gIFR,gBufA,gBufB;
57 
58 /*
59  * On Macs with a genuine VIA chip there is no way to mask an individual slot
60  * interrupt. This limitation also seems to apply to VIA clone logic cores in
61  * Quadra-like ASICs. (RBV and OSS machines don't have this limitation.)
62  *
63  * We used to fake it by configuring the relevant VIA pin as an output
64  * (to mask the interrupt) or input (to unmask). That scheme did not work on
65  * (at least) the Quadra 700. A NuBus card's /NMRQ signal is an open-collector
66  * circuit (see Designing Cards and Drivers for Macintosh II and Macintosh SE,
67  * p. 10-11 etc) but VIA outputs are not (see datasheet).
68  *
69  * Driving these outputs high must cause the VIA to source current and the
70  * card to sink current when it asserts /NMRQ. Current will flow but the pin
71  * voltage is uncertain and so the /NMRQ condition may still cause a transition
72  * at the VIA2 CA1 input (which explains the lost interrupts). A side effect
73  * is that a disabled slot IRQ can never be tested as pending or not.
74  *
75  * Driving these outputs low doesn't work either. All the slot /NMRQ lines are
76  * (active low) OR'd together to generate the CA1 (aka "SLOTS") interrupt (see
77  * The Guide To Macintosh Family Hardware, 2nd edition p. 167). If we drive a
78  * disabled /NMRQ line low, the falling edge immediately triggers a CA1
79  * interrupt and all slot interrupts after that will generate no transition
80  * and therefore no interrupt, even after being re-enabled.
81  *
82  * So we make the VIA port A I/O lines inputs and use nubus_disabled to keep
83  * track of their states. When any slot IRQ becomes disabled we mask the CA1
84  * umbrella interrupt. Only when all slot IRQs become enabled do we unmask
85  * the CA1 interrupt. It must remain enabled even when cards have no interrupt
86  * handler registered. Drivers must therefore disable a slot interrupt at the
87  * device before they call free_irq (like shared and autovector interrupts).
88  *
89  * There is also a related problem when MacOS is used to boot Linux. A network
90  * card brought up by a MacOS driver may raise an interrupt while Linux boots.
91  * This can be fatal since it can't be handled until the right driver loads
92  * (if such a driver exists at all). Apparently related to this hardware
93  * limitation, "Designing Cards and Drivers", p. 9-8, says that a slot
94  * interrupt with no driver would crash MacOS (the book was written before
95  * the appearance of Macs with RBV or OSS).
96  */
97 
98 static u8 nubus_disabled;
99 
100 void via_debug_dump(void);
101 static void via_nubus_init(void);
102 
103 /*
104  * Initialize the VIAs
105  *
106  * First we figure out where they actually _are_ as well as what type of
107  * VIA we have for VIA2 (it could be a real VIA or an RBV or even an OSS.)
108  * Then we pretty much clear them out and disable all IRQ sources.
109  */
110 
111 void __init via_init(void)
112 {
113 	via1 = (void *)VIA1_BASE;
114 	pr_debug("VIA1 detected at %p\n", via1);
115 
116 	if (oss_present) {
117 		via2 = NULL;
118 		rbv_present = 0;
119 	} else {
120 		switch (macintosh_config->via_type) {
121 
122 		/* IIci, IIsi, IIvx, IIvi (P6xx), LC series */
123 
124 		case MAC_VIA_IICI:
125 			via2 = (void *)RBV_BASE;
126 			pr_debug("VIA2 (RBV) detected at %p\n", via2);
127 			rbv_present = 1;
128 			if (macintosh_config->ident == MAC_MODEL_LCIII) {
129 				rbv_clear = 0x00;
130 			} else {
131 				/* on most RBVs (& unlike the VIAs), you   */
132 				/* need to set bit 7 when you write to IFR */
133 				/* in order for your clear to occur.       */
134 				rbv_clear = 0x80;
135 			}
136 			gIER = rIER;
137 			gIFR = rIFR;
138 			gBufA = rSIFR;
139 			gBufB = rBufB;
140 			break;
141 
142 		/* Quadra and early MacIIs agree on the VIA locations */
143 
144 		case MAC_VIA_QUADRA:
145 		case MAC_VIA_II:
146 			via2 = (void *) VIA2_BASE;
147 			pr_debug("VIA2 detected at %p\n", via2);
148 			rbv_present = 0;
149 			rbv_clear = 0x00;
150 			gIER = vIER;
151 			gIFR = vIFR;
152 			gBufA = vBufA;
153 			gBufB = vBufB;
154 			break;
155 
156 		default:
157 			panic("UNKNOWN VIA TYPE");
158 		}
159 	}
160 
161 #ifdef DEBUG_VIA
162 	via_debug_dump();
163 #endif
164 
165 	/*
166 	 * Shut down all IRQ sources, reset the timers, and
167 	 * kill the timer latch on VIA1.
168 	 */
169 
170 	via1[vIER] = 0x7F;
171 	via1[vIFR] = 0x7F;
172 	via1[vT1LL] = 0;
173 	via1[vT1LH] = 0;
174 	via1[vT1CL] = 0;
175 	via1[vT1CH] = 0;
176 	via1[vT2CL] = 0;
177 	via1[vT2CH] = 0;
178 	via1[vACR] &= ~0xC0; /* setup T1 timer with no PB7 output */
179 	via1[vACR] &= ~0x03; /* disable port A & B latches */
180 
181 	/*
182 	 * SE/30: disable video IRQ
183 	 */
184 
185 	if (macintosh_config->ident == MAC_MODEL_SE30) {
186 		via1[vDirB] |= 0x40;
187 		via1[vBufB] |= 0x40;
188 	}
189 
190 	switch (macintosh_config->adb_type) {
191 	case MAC_ADB_IOP:
192 	case MAC_ADB_II:
193 	case MAC_ADB_PB1:
194 		/*
195 		 * Set the RTC bits to a known state: all lines to outputs and
196 		 * RTC disabled (yes that's 0 to enable and 1 to disable).
197 		 */
198 		via1[vDirB] |= VIA1B_vRTCEnb | VIA1B_vRTCClk | VIA1B_vRTCData;
199 		via1[vBufB] |= VIA1B_vRTCEnb | VIA1B_vRTCClk;
200 		break;
201 	}
202 
203 	/* Everything below this point is VIA2/RBV only... */
204 
205 	if (oss_present)
206 		return;
207 
208 	if ((macintosh_config->via_type == MAC_VIA_QUADRA) &&
209 	    (macintosh_config->adb_type != MAC_ADB_PB1) &&
210 	    (macintosh_config->adb_type != MAC_ADB_PB2) &&
211 	    (macintosh_config->ident    != MAC_MODEL_C660) &&
212 	    (macintosh_config->ident    != MAC_MODEL_Q840)) {
213 		via_alt_mapping = 1;
214 		via1[vDirB] |= 0x40;
215 		via1[vBufB] &= ~0x40;
216 	} else {
217 		via_alt_mapping = 0;
218 	}
219 
220 	/*
221 	 * Now initialize VIA2. For RBV we just kill all interrupts;
222 	 * for a regular VIA we also reset the timers and stuff.
223 	 */
224 
225 	via2[gIER] = 0x7F;
226 	via2[gIFR] = 0x7F | rbv_clear;
227 	if (!rbv_present) {
228 		via2[vT1LL] = 0;
229 		via2[vT1LH] = 0;
230 		via2[vT1CL] = 0;
231 		via2[vT1CH] = 0;
232 		via2[vT2CL] = 0;
233 		via2[vT2CH] = 0;
234 		via2[vACR] &= ~0xC0; /* setup T1 timer with no PB7 output */
235 		via2[vACR] &= ~0x03; /* disable port A & B latches */
236 	}
237 
238 	via_nubus_init();
239 
240 	/* Everything below this point is VIA2 only... */
241 
242 	if (rbv_present)
243 		return;
244 
245 	/*
246 	 * Set vPCR for control line interrupts.
247 	 *
248 	 * CA1 (SLOTS IRQ), CB1 (ASC IRQ): negative edge trigger.
249 	 *
250 	 * Macs with ESP SCSI have a negative edge triggered SCSI interrupt.
251 	 * Testing reveals that PowerBooks do too. However, the SE/30
252 	 * schematic diagram shows an active high NCR5380 IRQ line.
253 	 */
254 
255 	pr_debug("VIA2 vPCR is 0x%02X\n", via2[vPCR]);
256 	if (macintosh_config->via_type == MAC_VIA_II) {
257 		/* CA2 (SCSI DRQ), CB2 (SCSI IRQ): indep. input, pos. edge */
258 		via2[vPCR] = 0x66;
259 	} else {
260 		/* CA2 (SCSI DRQ), CB2 (SCSI IRQ): indep. input, neg. edge */
261 		via2[vPCR] = 0x22;
262 	}
263 }
264 
265 /*
266  * Debugging dump, used in various places to see what's going on.
267  */
268 
269 void via_debug_dump(void)
270 {
271 	printk(KERN_DEBUG "VIA1: DDRA = 0x%02X DDRB = 0x%02X ACR = 0x%02X\n",
272 		(uint) via1[vDirA], (uint) via1[vDirB], (uint) via1[vACR]);
273 	printk(KERN_DEBUG "         PCR = 0x%02X  IFR = 0x%02X IER = 0x%02X\n",
274 		(uint) via1[vPCR], (uint) via1[vIFR], (uint) via1[vIER]);
275 	if (!via2)
276 		return;
277 	if (rbv_present) {
278 		printk(KERN_DEBUG "VIA2:  IFR = 0x%02X  IER = 0x%02X\n",
279 			(uint) via2[rIFR], (uint) via2[rIER]);
280 		printk(KERN_DEBUG "      SIFR = 0x%02X SIER = 0x%02X\n",
281 			(uint) via2[rSIFR], (uint) via2[rSIER]);
282 	} else {
283 		printk(KERN_DEBUG "VIA2: DDRA = 0x%02X DDRB = 0x%02X ACR = 0x%02X\n",
284 			(uint) via2[vDirA], (uint) via2[vDirB],
285 			(uint) via2[vACR]);
286 		printk(KERN_DEBUG "         PCR = 0x%02X  IFR = 0x%02X IER = 0x%02X\n",
287 			(uint) via2[vPCR],
288 			(uint) via2[vIFR], (uint) via2[vIER]);
289 	}
290 }
291 
292 /*
293  * Flush the L2 cache on Macs that have it by flipping
294  * the system into 24-bit mode for an instant.
295  */
296 
297 void via_l2_flush(int writeback)
298 {
299 	unsigned long flags;
300 
301 	local_irq_save(flags);
302 	via2[gBufB] &= ~VIA2B_vMode32;
303 	via2[gBufB] |= VIA2B_vMode32;
304 	local_irq_restore(flags);
305 }
306 
307 /*
308  * Return the status of the L2 cache on a IIci
309  */
310 
311 int via_get_cache_disable(void)
312 {
313 	/* Safeguard against being called accidentally */
314 	if (!via2) {
315 		printk(KERN_ERR "via_get_cache_disable called on a non-VIA machine!\n");
316 		return 1;
317 	}
318 
319 	return (int) via2[gBufB] & VIA2B_vCDis;
320 }
321 
322 /*
323  * Initialize VIA2 for Nubus access
324  */
325 
326 static void __init via_nubus_init(void)
327 {
328 	/* unlock nubus transactions */
329 
330 	if ((macintosh_config->adb_type != MAC_ADB_PB1) &&
331 	    (macintosh_config->adb_type != MAC_ADB_PB2)) {
332 		/* set the line to be an output on non-RBV machines */
333 		if (!rbv_present)
334 			via2[vDirB] |= 0x02;
335 
336 		/* this seems to be an ADB bit on PMU machines */
337 		/* according to MkLinux.  -- jmt               */
338 		via2[gBufB] |= 0x02;
339 	}
340 
341 	/*
342 	 * Disable the slot interrupts. On some hardware that's not possible.
343 	 * On some hardware it's unclear what all of these I/O lines do.
344 	 */
345 
346 	switch (macintosh_config->via_type) {
347 	case MAC_VIA_II:
348 	case MAC_VIA_QUADRA:
349 		pr_debug("VIA2 vDirA is 0x%02X\n", via2[vDirA]);
350 		break;
351 	case MAC_VIA_IICI:
352 		/* RBV. Disable all the slot interrupts. SIER works like IER. */
353 		via2[rSIER] = 0x7F;
354 		break;
355 	}
356 }
357 
358 void via_nubus_irq_startup(int irq)
359 {
360 	int irq_idx = IRQ_IDX(irq);
361 
362 	switch (macintosh_config->via_type) {
363 	case MAC_VIA_II:
364 	case MAC_VIA_QUADRA:
365 		/* Make the port A line an input. Probably redundant. */
366 		if (macintosh_config->via_type == MAC_VIA_II) {
367 			/* The top two bits are RAM size outputs. */
368 			via2[vDirA] &= 0xC0 | ~(1 << irq_idx);
369 		} else {
370 			/* Allow NuBus slots 9 through F. */
371 			via2[vDirA] &= 0x80 | ~(1 << irq_idx);
372 		}
373 		/* fall through */
374 	case MAC_VIA_IICI:
375 		via_irq_enable(irq);
376 		break;
377 	}
378 }
379 
380 void via_nubus_irq_shutdown(int irq)
381 {
382 	switch (macintosh_config->via_type) {
383 	case MAC_VIA_II:
384 	case MAC_VIA_QUADRA:
385 		/* Ensure that the umbrella CA1 interrupt remains enabled. */
386 		via_irq_enable(irq);
387 		break;
388 	case MAC_VIA_IICI:
389 		via_irq_disable(irq);
390 		break;
391 	}
392 }
393 
394 /*
395  * The generic VIA interrupt routines (shamelessly stolen from Alan Cox's
396  * via6522.c :-), disable/pending masks added.
397  */
398 
399 #define VIA_TIMER_1_INT BIT(6)
400 
401 void via1_irq(struct irq_desc *desc)
402 {
403 	int irq_num;
404 	unsigned char irq_bit, events;
405 
406 	events = via1[vIFR] & via1[vIER] & 0x7F;
407 	if (!events)
408 		return;
409 
410 	irq_num = IRQ_MAC_TIMER_1;
411 	irq_bit = VIA_TIMER_1_INT;
412 	if (events & irq_bit) {
413 		unsigned long flags;
414 
415 		local_irq_save(flags);
416 		via1[vIFR] = irq_bit;
417 		generic_handle_irq(irq_num);
418 		local_irq_restore(flags);
419 
420 		events &= ~irq_bit;
421 		if (!events)
422 			return;
423 	}
424 
425 	irq_num = VIA1_SOURCE_BASE;
426 	irq_bit = 1;
427 	do {
428 		if (events & irq_bit) {
429 			via1[vIFR] = irq_bit;
430 			generic_handle_irq(irq_num);
431 		}
432 		++irq_num;
433 		irq_bit <<= 1;
434 	} while (events >= irq_bit);
435 }
436 
437 static void via2_irq(struct irq_desc *desc)
438 {
439 	int irq_num;
440 	unsigned char irq_bit, events;
441 
442 	events = via2[gIFR] & via2[gIER] & 0x7F;
443 	if (!events)
444 		return;
445 
446 	irq_num = VIA2_SOURCE_BASE;
447 	irq_bit = 1;
448 	do {
449 		if (events & irq_bit) {
450 			via2[gIFR] = irq_bit | rbv_clear;
451 			generic_handle_irq(irq_num);
452 		}
453 		++irq_num;
454 		irq_bit <<= 1;
455 	} while (events >= irq_bit);
456 }
457 
458 /*
459  * Dispatch Nubus interrupts. We are called as a secondary dispatch by the
460  * VIA2 dispatcher as a fast interrupt handler.
461  */
462 
463 static void via_nubus_irq(struct irq_desc *desc)
464 {
465 	int slot_irq;
466 	unsigned char slot_bit, events;
467 
468 	events = ~via2[gBufA] & 0x7F;
469 	if (rbv_present)
470 		events &= via2[rSIER];
471 	else
472 		events &= ~via2[vDirA];
473 	if (!events)
474 		return;
475 
476 	do {
477 		slot_irq = IRQ_NUBUS_F;
478 		slot_bit = 0x40;
479 		do {
480 			if (events & slot_bit) {
481 				events &= ~slot_bit;
482 				generic_handle_irq(slot_irq);
483 			}
484 			--slot_irq;
485 			slot_bit >>= 1;
486 		} while (events);
487 
488  		/* clear the CA1 interrupt and make certain there's no more. */
489 		via2[gIFR] = 0x02 | rbv_clear;
490 		events = ~via2[gBufA] & 0x7F;
491 		if (rbv_present)
492 			events &= via2[rSIER];
493 		else
494 			events &= ~via2[vDirA];
495 	} while (events);
496 }
497 
498 /*
499  * Register the interrupt dispatchers for VIA or RBV machines only.
500  */
501 
502 void __init via_register_interrupts(void)
503 {
504 	if (via_alt_mapping) {
505 		/* software interrupt */
506 		irq_set_chained_handler(IRQ_AUTO_1, via1_irq);
507 		/* via1 interrupt */
508 		irq_set_chained_handler(IRQ_AUTO_6, via1_irq);
509 	} else {
510 		irq_set_chained_handler(IRQ_AUTO_1, via1_irq);
511 	}
512 	irq_set_chained_handler(IRQ_AUTO_2, via2_irq);
513 	irq_set_chained_handler(IRQ_MAC_NUBUS, via_nubus_irq);
514 }
515 
516 void via_irq_enable(int irq) {
517 	int irq_src	= IRQ_SRC(irq);
518 	int irq_idx	= IRQ_IDX(irq);
519 
520 	if (irq_src == 1) {
521 		via1[vIER] = IER_SET_BIT(irq_idx);
522 	} else if (irq_src == 2) {
523 		if (irq != IRQ_MAC_NUBUS || nubus_disabled == 0)
524 			via2[gIER] = IER_SET_BIT(irq_idx);
525 	} else if (irq_src == 7) {
526 		switch (macintosh_config->via_type) {
527 		case MAC_VIA_II:
528 		case MAC_VIA_QUADRA:
529 			nubus_disabled &= ~(1 << irq_idx);
530 			/* Enable the CA1 interrupt when no slot is disabled. */
531 			if (!nubus_disabled)
532 				via2[gIER] = IER_SET_BIT(1);
533 			break;
534 		case MAC_VIA_IICI:
535 			/* On RBV, enable the slot interrupt.
536 			 * SIER works like IER.
537 			 */
538 			via2[rSIER] = IER_SET_BIT(irq_idx);
539 			break;
540 		}
541 	}
542 }
543 
544 void via_irq_disable(int irq) {
545 	int irq_src	= IRQ_SRC(irq);
546 	int irq_idx	= IRQ_IDX(irq);
547 
548 	if (irq_src == 1) {
549 		via1[vIER] = IER_CLR_BIT(irq_idx);
550 	} else if (irq_src == 2) {
551 		via2[gIER] = IER_CLR_BIT(irq_idx);
552 	} else if (irq_src == 7) {
553 		switch (macintosh_config->via_type) {
554 		case MAC_VIA_II:
555 		case MAC_VIA_QUADRA:
556 			nubus_disabled |= 1 << irq_idx;
557 			if (nubus_disabled)
558 				via2[gIER] = IER_CLR_BIT(1);
559 			break;
560 		case MAC_VIA_IICI:
561 			via2[rSIER] = IER_CLR_BIT(irq_idx);
562 			break;
563 		}
564 	}
565 }
566 
567 void via1_set_head(int head)
568 {
569 	if (head == 0)
570 		via1[vBufA] &= ~VIA1A_vHeadSel;
571 	else
572 		via1[vBufA] |= VIA1A_vHeadSel;
573 }
574 EXPORT_SYMBOL(via1_set_head);
575 
576 int via2_scsi_drq_pending(void)
577 {
578 	return via2[gIFR] & (1 << IRQ_IDX(IRQ_MAC_SCSIDRQ));
579 }
580 EXPORT_SYMBOL(via2_scsi_drq_pending);
581 
582 /* timer and clock source */
583 
584 #define VIA_CLOCK_FREQ     783360                /* VIA "phase 2" clock in Hz */
585 #define VIA_TIMER_CYCLES   (VIA_CLOCK_FREQ / HZ) /* clock cycles per jiffy */
586 
587 #define VIA_TC             (VIA_TIMER_CYCLES - 2) /* including 0 and -1 */
588 #define VIA_TC_LOW         (VIA_TC & 0xFF)
589 #define VIA_TC_HIGH        (VIA_TC >> 8)
590 
591 static u64 mac_read_clk(struct clocksource *cs);
592 
593 static struct clocksource mac_clk = {
594 	.name   = "via1",
595 	.rating = 250,
596 	.read   = mac_read_clk,
597 	.mask   = CLOCKSOURCE_MASK(32),
598 	.flags  = CLOCK_SOURCE_IS_CONTINUOUS,
599 };
600 
601 static u32 clk_total, clk_offset;
602 
603 static irqreturn_t via_timer_handler(int irq, void *dev_id)
604 {
605 	irq_handler_t timer_routine = dev_id;
606 
607 	clk_total += VIA_TIMER_CYCLES;
608 	clk_offset = 0;
609 	timer_routine(0, NULL);
610 
611 	return IRQ_HANDLED;
612 }
613 
614 void __init via_init_clock(irq_handler_t timer_routine)
615 {
616 	if (request_irq(IRQ_MAC_TIMER_1, via_timer_handler, IRQF_TIMER, "timer",
617 			timer_routine)) {
618 		pr_err("Couldn't register %s interrupt\n", "timer");
619 		return;
620 	}
621 
622 	via1[vT1LL] = VIA_TC_LOW;
623 	via1[vT1LH] = VIA_TC_HIGH;
624 	via1[vT1CL] = VIA_TC_LOW;
625 	via1[vT1CH] = VIA_TC_HIGH;
626 	via1[vACR] |= 0x40;
627 
628 	clocksource_register_hz(&mac_clk, VIA_CLOCK_FREQ);
629 }
630 
631 static u64 mac_read_clk(struct clocksource *cs)
632 {
633 	unsigned long flags;
634 	u8 count_high;
635 	u16 count;
636 	u32 ticks;
637 
638 	/*
639 	 * Timer counter wrap-around is detected with the timer interrupt flag
640 	 * but reading the counter low byte (vT1CL) would reset the flag.
641 	 * Also, accessing both counter registers is essentially a data race.
642 	 * These problems are avoided by ignoring the low byte. Clock accuracy
643 	 * is 256 times worse (error can reach 0.327 ms) but CPU overhead is
644 	 * reduced by avoiding slow VIA register accesses.
645 	 */
646 
647 	local_irq_save(flags);
648 	count_high = via1[vT1CH];
649 	if (count_high == 0xFF)
650 		count_high = 0;
651 	if (count_high > 0 && (via1[vIFR] & VIA_TIMER_1_INT))
652 		clk_offset = VIA_TIMER_CYCLES;
653 	count = count_high << 8;
654 	ticks = VIA_TIMER_CYCLES - count;
655 	ticks += clk_offset + clk_total;
656 	local_irq_restore(flags);
657 
658 	return ticks;
659 }
660