xref: /linux/arch/loongarch/kernel/hw_breakpoint.c (revision 24168c5e6dfbdd5b414f048f47f75d64533296ca)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
2 /*
3  * Copyright (C) 2022-2023 Loongson Technology Corporation Limited
4  */
5 #define pr_fmt(fmt) "hw-breakpoint: " fmt
6 
7 #include <linux/hw_breakpoint.h>
8 #include <linux/kprobes.h>
9 #include <linux/perf_event.h>
10 
11 #include <asm/hw_breakpoint.h>
12 
13 /* Breakpoint currently in use for each BRP. */
14 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct perf_event *, bp_on_reg[LOONGARCH_MAX_BRP]);
15 
16 /* Watchpoint currently in use for each WRP. */
17 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct perf_event *, wp_on_reg[LOONGARCH_MAX_WRP]);
18 
19 int hw_breakpoint_slots(int type)
20 {
21 	/*
22 	 * We can be called early, so don't rely on
23 	 * our static variables being initialised.
24 	 */
25 	switch (type) {
26 	case TYPE_INST:
27 		return get_num_brps();
28 	case TYPE_DATA:
29 		return get_num_wrps();
30 	default:
31 		pr_warn("unknown slot type: %d\n", type);
32 		return 0;
33 	}
34 }
35 
36 #define READ_WB_REG_CASE(OFF, N, REG, T, VAL)		\
37 	case (OFF + N):					\
38 		LOONGARCH_CSR_WATCH_READ(N, REG, T, VAL);	\
39 		break
40 
41 #define WRITE_WB_REG_CASE(OFF, N, REG, T, VAL)		\
42 	case (OFF + N):					\
43 		LOONGARCH_CSR_WATCH_WRITE(N, REG, T, VAL);	\
44 		break
45 
46 #define GEN_READ_WB_REG_CASES(OFF, REG, T, VAL)		\
47 	READ_WB_REG_CASE(OFF, 0, REG, T, VAL);		\
48 	READ_WB_REG_CASE(OFF, 1, REG, T, VAL);		\
49 	READ_WB_REG_CASE(OFF, 2, REG, T, VAL);		\
50 	READ_WB_REG_CASE(OFF, 3, REG, T, VAL);		\
51 	READ_WB_REG_CASE(OFF, 4, REG, T, VAL);		\
52 	READ_WB_REG_CASE(OFF, 5, REG, T, VAL);		\
53 	READ_WB_REG_CASE(OFF, 6, REG, T, VAL);		\
54 	READ_WB_REG_CASE(OFF, 7, REG, T, VAL);
55 
56 #define GEN_WRITE_WB_REG_CASES(OFF, REG, T, VAL)	\
57 	WRITE_WB_REG_CASE(OFF, 0, REG, T, VAL);		\
58 	WRITE_WB_REG_CASE(OFF, 1, REG, T, VAL);		\
59 	WRITE_WB_REG_CASE(OFF, 2, REG, T, VAL);		\
60 	WRITE_WB_REG_CASE(OFF, 3, REG, T, VAL);		\
61 	WRITE_WB_REG_CASE(OFF, 4, REG, T, VAL);		\
62 	WRITE_WB_REG_CASE(OFF, 5, REG, T, VAL);		\
63 	WRITE_WB_REG_CASE(OFF, 6, REG, T, VAL);		\
64 	WRITE_WB_REG_CASE(OFF, 7, REG, T, VAL);
65 
66 static u64 read_wb_reg(int reg, int n, int t)
67 {
68 	u64 val = 0;
69 
70 	switch (reg + n) {
71 	GEN_READ_WB_REG_CASES(CSR_CFG_ADDR, ADDR, t, val);
72 	GEN_READ_WB_REG_CASES(CSR_CFG_MASK, MASK, t, val);
73 	GEN_READ_WB_REG_CASES(CSR_CFG_CTRL, CTRL, t, val);
74 	GEN_READ_WB_REG_CASES(CSR_CFG_ASID, ASID, t, val);
75 	default:
76 		pr_warn("Attempt to read from unknown breakpoint register %d\n", n);
77 	}
78 
79 	return val;
80 }
81 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(read_wb_reg);
82 
83 static void write_wb_reg(int reg, int n, int t, u64 val)
84 {
85 	switch (reg + n) {
86 	GEN_WRITE_WB_REG_CASES(CSR_CFG_ADDR, ADDR, t, val);
87 	GEN_WRITE_WB_REG_CASES(CSR_CFG_MASK, MASK, t, val);
88 	GEN_WRITE_WB_REG_CASES(CSR_CFG_CTRL, CTRL, t, val);
89 	GEN_WRITE_WB_REG_CASES(CSR_CFG_ASID, ASID, t, val);
90 	default:
91 		pr_warn("Attempt to write to unknown breakpoint register %d\n", n);
92 	}
93 }
94 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(write_wb_reg);
95 
96 enum hw_breakpoint_ops {
97 	HW_BREAKPOINT_INSTALL,
98 	HW_BREAKPOINT_UNINSTALL,
99 };
100 
101 /*
102  * hw_breakpoint_slot_setup - Find and setup a perf slot according to operations
103  *
104  * @slots: pointer to array of slots
105  * @max_slots: max number of slots
106  * @bp: perf_event to setup
107  * @ops: operation to be carried out on the slot
108  *
109  * Return:
110  *	slot index on success
111  *	-ENOSPC if no slot is available/matches
112  *	-EINVAL on wrong operations parameter
113  */
114 
115 static int hw_breakpoint_slot_setup(struct perf_event **slots, int max_slots,
116 				    struct perf_event *bp, enum hw_breakpoint_ops ops)
117 {
118 	int i;
119 	struct perf_event **slot;
120 
121 	for (i = 0; i < max_slots; ++i) {
122 		slot = &slots[i];
123 		switch (ops) {
124 		case HW_BREAKPOINT_INSTALL:
125 			if (!*slot) {
126 				*slot = bp;
127 				return i;
128 			}
129 			break;
130 		case HW_BREAKPOINT_UNINSTALL:
131 			if (*slot == bp) {
132 				*slot = NULL;
133 				return i;
134 			}
135 			break;
136 		default:
137 			pr_warn_once("Unhandled hw breakpoint ops %d\n", ops);
138 			return -EINVAL;
139 		}
140 	}
141 
142 	return -ENOSPC;
143 }
144 
145 void ptrace_hw_copy_thread(struct task_struct *tsk)
146 {
147 	memset(tsk->thread.hbp_break, 0, sizeof(tsk->thread.hbp_break));
148 	memset(tsk->thread.hbp_watch, 0, sizeof(tsk->thread.hbp_watch));
149 }
150 
151 /*
152  * Unregister breakpoints from this task and reset the pointers in the thread_struct.
153  */
154 void flush_ptrace_hw_breakpoint(struct task_struct *tsk)
155 {
156 	int i;
157 	struct thread_struct *t = &tsk->thread;
158 
159 	for (i = 0; i < LOONGARCH_MAX_BRP; i++) {
160 		if (t->hbp_break[i]) {
161 			unregister_hw_breakpoint(t->hbp_break[i]);
162 			t->hbp_break[i] = NULL;
163 		}
164 	}
165 
166 	for (i = 0; i < LOONGARCH_MAX_WRP; i++) {
167 		if (t->hbp_watch[i]) {
168 			unregister_hw_breakpoint(t->hbp_watch[i]);
169 			t->hbp_watch[i] = NULL;
170 		}
171 	}
172 }
173 
174 static int hw_breakpoint_control(struct perf_event *bp,
175 				 enum hw_breakpoint_ops ops)
176 {
177 	u32 ctrl;
178 	int i, max_slots, enable;
179 	struct perf_event **slots;
180 	struct arch_hw_breakpoint *info = counter_arch_bp(bp);
181 
182 	if (info->ctrl.type == LOONGARCH_BREAKPOINT_EXECUTE) {
183 		/* Breakpoint */
184 		slots = this_cpu_ptr(bp_on_reg);
185 		max_slots = boot_cpu_data.watch_ireg_count;
186 	} else {
187 		/* Watchpoint */
188 		slots = this_cpu_ptr(wp_on_reg);
189 		max_slots = boot_cpu_data.watch_dreg_count;
190 	}
191 
192 	i = hw_breakpoint_slot_setup(slots, max_slots, bp, ops);
193 
194 	if (WARN_ONCE(i < 0, "Can't find any breakpoint slot"))
195 		return i;
196 
197 	switch (ops) {
198 	case HW_BREAKPOINT_INSTALL:
199 		/* Set the FWPnCFG/MWPnCFG 1~4 register. */
200 		write_wb_reg(CSR_CFG_ADDR, i, 0, info->address);
201 		write_wb_reg(CSR_CFG_ADDR, i, 1, info->address);
202 		write_wb_reg(CSR_CFG_MASK, i, 0, info->mask);
203 		write_wb_reg(CSR_CFG_MASK, i, 1, info->mask);
204 		write_wb_reg(CSR_CFG_ASID, i, 0, 0);
205 		write_wb_reg(CSR_CFG_ASID, i, 1, 0);
206 		if (info->ctrl.type == LOONGARCH_BREAKPOINT_EXECUTE) {
207 			write_wb_reg(CSR_CFG_CTRL, i, 0, CTRL_PLV_ENABLE);
208 		} else {
209 			ctrl = encode_ctrl_reg(info->ctrl);
210 			write_wb_reg(CSR_CFG_CTRL, i, 1, ctrl | CTRL_PLV_ENABLE);
211 		}
212 		enable = csr_read64(LOONGARCH_CSR_CRMD);
213 		csr_write64(CSR_CRMD_WE | enable, LOONGARCH_CSR_CRMD);
214 		break;
215 	case HW_BREAKPOINT_UNINSTALL:
216 		/* Reset the FWPnCFG/MWPnCFG 1~4 register. */
217 		write_wb_reg(CSR_CFG_ADDR, i, 0, 0);
218 		write_wb_reg(CSR_CFG_ADDR, i, 1, 0);
219 		write_wb_reg(CSR_CFG_MASK, i, 0, 0);
220 		write_wb_reg(CSR_CFG_MASK, i, 1, 0);
221 		write_wb_reg(CSR_CFG_CTRL, i, 0, 0);
222 		write_wb_reg(CSR_CFG_CTRL, i, 1, 0);
223 		write_wb_reg(CSR_CFG_ASID, i, 0, 0);
224 		write_wb_reg(CSR_CFG_ASID, i, 1, 0);
225 		break;
226 	}
227 
228 	return 0;
229 }
230 
231 /*
232  * Install a perf counter breakpoint.
233  */
234 int arch_install_hw_breakpoint(struct perf_event *bp)
235 {
236 	return hw_breakpoint_control(bp, HW_BREAKPOINT_INSTALL);
237 }
238 
239 void arch_uninstall_hw_breakpoint(struct perf_event *bp)
240 {
241 	hw_breakpoint_control(bp, HW_BREAKPOINT_UNINSTALL);
242 }
243 
244 static int get_hbp_len(u8 hbp_len)
245 {
246 	unsigned int len_in_bytes = 0;
247 
248 	switch (hbp_len) {
249 	case LOONGARCH_BREAKPOINT_LEN_1:
250 		len_in_bytes = 1;
251 		break;
252 	case LOONGARCH_BREAKPOINT_LEN_2:
253 		len_in_bytes = 2;
254 		break;
255 	case LOONGARCH_BREAKPOINT_LEN_4:
256 		len_in_bytes = 4;
257 		break;
258 	case LOONGARCH_BREAKPOINT_LEN_8:
259 		len_in_bytes = 8;
260 		break;
261 	}
262 
263 	return len_in_bytes;
264 }
265 
266 /*
267  * Check whether bp virtual address is in kernel space.
268  */
269 int arch_check_bp_in_kernelspace(struct arch_hw_breakpoint *hw)
270 {
271 	unsigned int len;
272 	unsigned long va;
273 
274 	va = hw->address;
275 	len = get_hbp_len(hw->ctrl.len);
276 
277 	return (va >= TASK_SIZE) && ((va + len - 1) >= TASK_SIZE);
278 }
279 
280 /*
281  * Extract generic type and length encodings from an arch_hw_breakpoint_ctrl.
282  * Hopefully this will disappear when ptrace can bypass the conversion
283  * to generic breakpoint descriptions.
284  */
285 int arch_bp_generic_fields(struct arch_hw_breakpoint_ctrl ctrl,
286 			   int *gen_len, int *gen_type, int *offset)
287 {
288 	/* Type */
289 	switch (ctrl.type) {
290 	case LOONGARCH_BREAKPOINT_EXECUTE:
291 		*gen_type = HW_BREAKPOINT_X;
292 		break;
293 	case LOONGARCH_BREAKPOINT_LOAD:
294 		*gen_type = HW_BREAKPOINT_R;
295 		break;
296 	case LOONGARCH_BREAKPOINT_STORE:
297 		*gen_type = HW_BREAKPOINT_W;
298 		break;
299 	case LOONGARCH_BREAKPOINT_LOAD | LOONGARCH_BREAKPOINT_STORE:
300 		*gen_type = HW_BREAKPOINT_RW;
301 		break;
302 	default:
303 		return -EINVAL;
304 	}
305 
306 	if (!ctrl.len)
307 		return -EINVAL;
308 
309 	*offset = __ffs(ctrl.len);
310 
311 	/* Len */
312 	switch (ctrl.len) {
313 	case LOONGARCH_BREAKPOINT_LEN_1:
314 		*gen_len = HW_BREAKPOINT_LEN_1;
315 		break;
316 	case LOONGARCH_BREAKPOINT_LEN_2:
317 		*gen_len = HW_BREAKPOINT_LEN_2;
318 		break;
319 	case LOONGARCH_BREAKPOINT_LEN_4:
320 		*gen_len = HW_BREAKPOINT_LEN_4;
321 		break;
322 	case LOONGARCH_BREAKPOINT_LEN_8:
323 		*gen_len = HW_BREAKPOINT_LEN_8;
324 		break;
325 	default:
326 		return -EINVAL;
327 	}
328 
329 	return 0;
330 }
331 
332 /*
333  * Construct an arch_hw_breakpoint from a perf_event.
334  */
335 static int arch_build_bp_info(struct perf_event *bp,
336 			      const struct perf_event_attr *attr,
337 			      struct arch_hw_breakpoint *hw)
338 {
339 	/* Type */
340 	switch (attr->bp_type) {
341 	case HW_BREAKPOINT_X:
342 		hw->ctrl.type = LOONGARCH_BREAKPOINT_EXECUTE;
343 		break;
344 	case HW_BREAKPOINT_R:
345 		hw->ctrl.type = LOONGARCH_BREAKPOINT_LOAD;
346 		break;
347 	case HW_BREAKPOINT_W:
348 		hw->ctrl.type = LOONGARCH_BREAKPOINT_STORE;
349 		break;
350 	case HW_BREAKPOINT_RW:
351 		hw->ctrl.type = LOONGARCH_BREAKPOINT_LOAD | LOONGARCH_BREAKPOINT_STORE;
352 		break;
353 	default:
354 		return -EINVAL;
355 	}
356 
357 	/* Len */
358 	switch (attr->bp_len) {
359 	case HW_BREAKPOINT_LEN_1:
360 		hw->ctrl.len = LOONGARCH_BREAKPOINT_LEN_1;
361 		break;
362 	case HW_BREAKPOINT_LEN_2:
363 		hw->ctrl.len = LOONGARCH_BREAKPOINT_LEN_2;
364 		break;
365 	case HW_BREAKPOINT_LEN_4:
366 		hw->ctrl.len = LOONGARCH_BREAKPOINT_LEN_4;
367 		break;
368 	case HW_BREAKPOINT_LEN_8:
369 		hw->ctrl.len = LOONGARCH_BREAKPOINT_LEN_8;
370 		break;
371 	default:
372 		return -EINVAL;
373 	}
374 
375 	/* Address */
376 	hw->address = attr->bp_addr;
377 
378 	return 0;
379 }
380 
381 /*
382  * Validate the arch-specific HW Breakpoint register settings.
383  */
384 int hw_breakpoint_arch_parse(struct perf_event *bp,
385 			     const struct perf_event_attr *attr,
386 			     struct arch_hw_breakpoint *hw)
387 {
388 	int ret;
389 	u64 alignment_mask, offset;
390 
391 	/* Build the arch_hw_breakpoint. */
392 	ret = arch_build_bp_info(bp, attr, hw);
393 	if (ret)
394 		return ret;
395 
396 	if (hw->ctrl.type != LOONGARCH_BREAKPOINT_EXECUTE)
397 		alignment_mask = 0x7;
398 	else
399 		alignment_mask = 0x3;
400 	offset = hw->address & alignment_mask;
401 
402 	hw->address &= ~alignment_mask;
403 	hw->ctrl.len <<= offset;
404 
405 	return 0;
406 }
407 
408 static void update_bp_registers(struct pt_regs *regs, int enable, int type)
409 {
410 	u32 ctrl;
411 	int i, max_slots;
412 	struct perf_event **slots;
413 	struct arch_hw_breakpoint *info;
414 
415 	switch (type) {
416 	case 0:
417 		slots = this_cpu_ptr(bp_on_reg);
418 		max_slots = boot_cpu_data.watch_ireg_count;
419 		break;
420 	case 1:
421 		slots = this_cpu_ptr(wp_on_reg);
422 		max_slots = boot_cpu_data.watch_dreg_count;
423 		break;
424 	default:
425 		return;
426 	}
427 
428 	for (i = 0; i < max_slots; ++i) {
429 		if (!slots[i])
430 			continue;
431 
432 		info = counter_arch_bp(slots[i]);
433 		if (enable) {
434 			if ((info->ctrl.type == LOONGARCH_BREAKPOINT_EXECUTE) && (type == 0)) {
435 				write_wb_reg(CSR_CFG_CTRL, i, 0, CTRL_PLV_ENABLE);
436 				write_wb_reg(CSR_CFG_CTRL, i, 0, CTRL_PLV_ENABLE);
437 			} else {
438 				ctrl = read_wb_reg(CSR_CFG_CTRL, i, 1);
439 				if (info->ctrl.type == LOONGARCH_BREAKPOINT_LOAD)
440 					ctrl |= 0x1 << MWPnCFG3_LoadEn;
441 				if (info->ctrl.type == LOONGARCH_BREAKPOINT_STORE)
442 					ctrl |= 0x1 << MWPnCFG3_StoreEn;
443 				write_wb_reg(CSR_CFG_CTRL, i, 1, ctrl);
444 			}
445 			regs->csr_prmd |= CSR_PRMD_PWE;
446 		} else {
447 			if ((info->ctrl.type == LOONGARCH_BREAKPOINT_EXECUTE) && (type == 0)) {
448 				write_wb_reg(CSR_CFG_CTRL, i, 0, 0);
449 			} else {
450 				ctrl = read_wb_reg(CSR_CFG_CTRL, i, 1);
451 				if (info->ctrl.type == LOONGARCH_BREAKPOINT_LOAD)
452 					ctrl &= ~0x1 << MWPnCFG3_LoadEn;
453 				if (info->ctrl.type == LOONGARCH_BREAKPOINT_STORE)
454 					ctrl &= ~0x1 << MWPnCFG3_StoreEn;
455 				write_wb_reg(CSR_CFG_CTRL, i, 1, ctrl);
456 			}
457 			regs->csr_prmd &= ~CSR_PRMD_PWE;
458 		}
459 	}
460 }
461 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(update_bp_registers);
462 
463 /*
464  * Debug exception handlers.
465  */
466 void breakpoint_handler(struct pt_regs *regs)
467 {
468 	int i;
469 	struct perf_event *bp, **slots;
470 
471 	slots = this_cpu_ptr(bp_on_reg);
472 
473 	for (i = 0; i < boot_cpu_data.watch_ireg_count; ++i) {
474 		bp = slots[i];
475 		if (bp == NULL)
476 			continue;
477 		perf_bp_event(bp, regs);
478 	}
479 	update_bp_registers(regs, 0, 0);
480 }
481 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(breakpoint_handler);
482 
483 void watchpoint_handler(struct pt_regs *regs)
484 {
485 	int i;
486 	struct perf_event *wp, **slots;
487 
488 	slots = this_cpu_ptr(wp_on_reg);
489 
490 	for (i = 0; i < boot_cpu_data.watch_dreg_count; ++i) {
491 		wp = slots[i];
492 		if (wp == NULL)
493 			continue;
494 		perf_bp_event(wp, regs);
495 	}
496 	update_bp_registers(regs, 0, 1);
497 }
498 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(watchpoint_handler);
499 
500 static int __init arch_hw_breakpoint_init(void)
501 {
502 	int cpu;
503 
504 	boot_cpu_data.watch_ireg_count = get_num_brps();
505 	boot_cpu_data.watch_dreg_count = get_num_wrps();
506 
507 	pr_info("Found %d breakpoint and %d watchpoint registers.\n",
508 		boot_cpu_data.watch_ireg_count, boot_cpu_data.watch_dreg_count);
509 
510 	for (cpu = 1; cpu < NR_CPUS; cpu++) {
511 		cpu_data[cpu].watch_ireg_count = boot_cpu_data.watch_ireg_count;
512 		cpu_data[cpu].watch_dreg_count = boot_cpu_data.watch_dreg_count;
513 	}
514 
515 	return 0;
516 }
517 arch_initcall(arch_hw_breakpoint_init);
518 
519 void hw_breakpoint_thread_switch(struct task_struct *next)
520 {
521 	u64 addr, mask;
522 	struct pt_regs *regs = task_pt_regs(next);
523 
524 	if (test_tsk_thread_flag(next, TIF_SINGLESTEP)) {
525 		addr = read_wb_reg(CSR_CFG_ADDR, 0, 0);
526 		mask = read_wb_reg(CSR_CFG_MASK, 0, 0);
527 		if (!((regs->csr_era ^ addr) & ~mask))
528 			csr_write32(CSR_FWPC_SKIP, LOONGARCH_CSR_FWPS);
529 		regs->csr_prmd |= CSR_PRMD_PWE;
530 	} else {
531 		/* Update breakpoints */
532 		update_bp_registers(regs, 1, 0);
533 		/* Update watchpoints */
534 		update_bp_registers(regs, 1, 1);
535 	}
536 }
537 
538 void hw_breakpoint_pmu_read(struct perf_event *bp)
539 {
540 }
541 
542 /*
543  * Dummy function to register with die_notifier.
544  */
545 int hw_breakpoint_exceptions_notify(struct notifier_block *unused,
546 				    unsigned long val, void *data)
547 {
548 	return NOTIFY_DONE;
549 }
550