xref: /linux/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/exception.c (revision 4359a011e259a4608afc7fb3635370c9d4ba5943)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
2 /*
3  * Fault injection for both 32 and 64bit guests.
4  *
5  * Copyright (C) 2012,2013 - ARM Ltd
6  * Author: Marc Zyngier <marc.zyngier@arm.com>
7  *
8  * Based on arch/arm/kvm/emulate.c
9  * Copyright (C) 2012 - Virtual Open Systems and Columbia University
10  * Author: Christoffer Dall <c.dall@virtualopensystems.com>
11  */
12 
13 #include <hyp/adjust_pc.h>
14 #include <linux/kvm_host.h>
15 #include <asm/kvm_emulate.h>
16 
17 #if !defined (__KVM_NVHE_HYPERVISOR__) && !defined (__KVM_VHE_HYPERVISOR__)
18 #error Hypervisor code only!
19 #endif
20 
21 static inline u64 __vcpu_read_sys_reg(const struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, int reg)
22 {
23 	u64 val;
24 
25 	if (__vcpu_read_sys_reg_from_cpu(reg, &val))
26 		return val;
27 
28 	return __vcpu_sys_reg(vcpu, reg);
29 }
30 
31 static inline void __vcpu_write_sys_reg(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u64 val, int reg)
32 {
33 	if (__vcpu_write_sys_reg_to_cpu(val, reg))
34 		return;
35 
36 	 __vcpu_sys_reg(vcpu, reg) = val;
37 }
38 
39 static void __vcpu_write_spsr(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u64 val)
40 {
41 	if (has_vhe())
42 		write_sysreg_el1(val, SYS_SPSR);
43 	else
44 		__vcpu_sys_reg(vcpu, SPSR_EL1) = val;
45 }
46 
47 static void __vcpu_write_spsr_abt(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u64 val)
48 {
49 	if (has_vhe())
50 		write_sysreg(val, spsr_abt);
51 	else
52 		vcpu->arch.ctxt.spsr_abt = val;
53 }
54 
55 static void __vcpu_write_spsr_und(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u64 val)
56 {
57 	if (has_vhe())
58 		write_sysreg(val, spsr_und);
59 	else
60 		vcpu->arch.ctxt.spsr_und = val;
61 }
62 
63 /*
64  * This performs the exception entry at a given EL (@target_mode), stashing PC
65  * and PSTATE into ELR and SPSR respectively, and compute the new PC/PSTATE.
66  * The EL passed to this function *must* be a non-secure, privileged mode with
67  * bit 0 being set (PSTATE.SP == 1).
68  *
69  * When an exception is taken, most PSTATE fields are left unchanged in the
70  * handler. However, some are explicitly overridden (e.g. M[4:0]). Luckily all
71  * of the inherited bits have the same position in the AArch64/AArch32 SPSR_ELx
72  * layouts, so we don't need to shuffle these for exceptions from AArch32 EL0.
73  *
74  * For the SPSR_ELx layout for AArch64, see ARM DDI 0487E.a page C5-429.
75  * For the SPSR_ELx layout for AArch32, see ARM DDI 0487E.a page C5-426.
76  *
77  * Here we manipulate the fields in order of the AArch64 SPSR_ELx layout, from
78  * MSB to LSB.
79  */
80 static void enter_exception64(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, unsigned long target_mode,
81 			      enum exception_type type)
82 {
83 	unsigned long sctlr, vbar, old, new, mode;
84 	u64 exc_offset;
85 
86 	mode = *vcpu_cpsr(vcpu) & (PSR_MODE_MASK | PSR_MODE32_BIT);
87 
88 	if      (mode == target_mode)
89 		exc_offset = CURRENT_EL_SP_ELx_VECTOR;
90 	else if ((mode | PSR_MODE_THREAD_BIT) == target_mode)
91 		exc_offset = CURRENT_EL_SP_EL0_VECTOR;
92 	else if (!(mode & PSR_MODE32_BIT))
93 		exc_offset = LOWER_EL_AArch64_VECTOR;
94 	else
95 		exc_offset = LOWER_EL_AArch32_VECTOR;
96 
97 	switch (target_mode) {
98 	case PSR_MODE_EL1h:
99 		vbar = __vcpu_read_sys_reg(vcpu, VBAR_EL1);
100 		sctlr = __vcpu_read_sys_reg(vcpu, SCTLR_EL1);
101 		__vcpu_write_sys_reg(vcpu, *vcpu_pc(vcpu), ELR_EL1);
102 		break;
103 	default:
104 		/* Don't do that */
105 		BUG();
106 	}
107 
108 	*vcpu_pc(vcpu) = vbar + exc_offset + type;
109 
110 	old = *vcpu_cpsr(vcpu);
111 	new = 0;
112 
113 	new |= (old & PSR_N_BIT);
114 	new |= (old & PSR_Z_BIT);
115 	new |= (old & PSR_C_BIT);
116 	new |= (old & PSR_V_BIT);
117 
118 	if (kvm_has_mte(vcpu->kvm))
119 		new |= PSR_TCO_BIT;
120 
121 	new |= (old & PSR_DIT_BIT);
122 
123 	// PSTATE.UAO is set to zero upon any exception to AArch64
124 	// See ARM DDI 0487E.a, page D5-2579.
125 
126 	// PSTATE.PAN is unchanged unless SCTLR_ELx.SPAN == 0b0
127 	// SCTLR_ELx.SPAN is RES1 when ARMv8.1-PAN is not implemented
128 	// See ARM DDI 0487E.a, page D5-2578.
129 	new |= (old & PSR_PAN_BIT);
130 	if (!(sctlr & SCTLR_EL1_SPAN))
131 		new |= PSR_PAN_BIT;
132 
133 	// PSTATE.SS is set to zero upon any exception to AArch64
134 	// See ARM DDI 0487E.a, page D2-2452.
135 
136 	// PSTATE.IL is set to zero upon any exception to AArch64
137 	// See ARM DDI 0487E.a, page D1-2306.
138 
139 	// PSTATE.SSBS is set to SCTLR_ELx.DSSBS upon any exception to AArch64
140 	// See ARM DDI 0487E.a, page D13-3258
141 	if (sctlr & SCTLR_ELx_DSSBS)
142 		new |= PSR_SSBS_BIT;
143 
144 	// PSTATE.BTYPE is set to zero upon any exception to AArch64
145 	// See ARM DDI 0487E.a, pages D1-2293 to D1-2294.
146 
147 	new |= PSR_D_BIT;
148 	new |= PSR_A_BIT;
149 	new |= PSR_I_BIT;
150 	new |= PSR_F_BIT;
151 
152 	new |= target_mode;
153 
154 	*vcpu_cpsr(vcpu) = new;
155 	__vcpu_write_spsr(vcpu, old);
156 }
157 
158 /*
159  * When an exception is taken, most CPSR fields are left unchanged in the
160  * handler. However, some are explicitly overridden (e.g. M[4:0]).
161  *
162  * The SPSR/SPSR_ELx layouts differ, and the below is intended to work with
163  * either format. Note: SPSR.J bit doesn't exist in SPSR_ELx, but this bit was
164  * obsoleted by the ARMv7 virtualization extensions and is RES0.
165  *
166  * For the SPSR layout seen from AArch32, see:
167  * - ARM DDI 0406C.d, page B1-1148
168  * - ARM DDI 0487E.a, page G8-6264
169  *
170  * For the SPSR_ELx layout for AArch32 seen from AArch64, see:
171  * - ARM DDI 0487E.a, page C5-426
172  *
173  * Here we manipulate the fields in order of the AArch32 SPSR_ELx layout, from
174  * MSB to LSB.
175  */
176 static unsigned long get_except32_cpsr(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u32 mode)
177 {
178 	u32 sctlr = __vcpu_read_sys_reg(vcpu, SCTLR_EL1);
179 	unsigned long old, new;
180 
181 	old = *vcpu_cpsr(vcpu);
182 	new = 0;
183 
184 	new |= (old & PSR_AA32_N_BIT);
185 	new |= (old & PSR_AA32_Z_BIT);
186 	new |= (old & PSR_AA32_C_BIT);
187 	new |= (old & PSR_AA32_V_BIT);
188 	new |= (old & PSR_AA32_Q_BIT);
189 
190 	// CPSR.IT[7:0] are set to zero upon any exception
191 	// See ARM DDI 0487E.a, section G1.12.3
192 	// See ARM DDI 0406C.d, section B1.8.3
193 
194 	new |= (old & PSR_AA32_DIT_BIT);
195 
196 	// CPSR.SSBS is set to SCTLR.DSSBS upon any exception
197 	// See ARM DDI 0487E.a, page G8-6244
198 	if (sctlr & BIT(31))
199 		new |= PSR_AA32_SSBS_BIT;
200 
201 	// CPSR.PAN is unchanged unless SCTLR.SPAN == 0b0
202 	// SCTLR.SPAN is RES1 when ARMv8.1-PAN is not implemented
203 	// See ARM DDI 0487E.a, page G8-6246
204 	new |= (old & PSR_AA32_PAN_BIT);
205 	if (!(sctlr & BIT(23)))
206 		new |= PSR_AA32_PAN_BIT;
207 
208 	// SS does not exist in AArch32, so ignore
209 
210 	// CPSR.IL is set to zero upon any exception
211 	// See ARM DDI 0487E.a, page G1-5527
212 
213 	new |= (old & PSR_AA32_GE_MASK);
214 
215 	// CPSR.IT[7:0] are set to zero upon any exception
216 	// See prior comment above
217 
218 	// CPSR.E is set to SCTLR.EE upon any exception
219 	// See ARM DDI 0487E.a, page G8-6245
220 	// See ARM DDI 0406C.d, page B4-1701
221 	if (sctlr & BIT(25))
222 		new |= PSR_AA32_E_BIT;
223 
224 	// CPSR.A is unchanged upon an exception to Undefined, Supervisor
225 	// CPSR.A is set upon an exception to other modes
226 	// See ARM DDI 0487E.a, pages G1-5515 to G1-5516
227 	// See ARM DDI 0406C.d, page B1-1182
228 	new |= (old & PSR_AA32_A_BIT);
229 	if (mode != PSR_AA32_MODE_UND && mode != PSR_AA32_MODE_SVC)
230 		new |= PSR_AA32_A_BIT;
231 
232 	// CPSR.I is set upon any exception
233 	// See ARM DDI 0487E.a, pages G1-5515 to G1-5516
234 	// See ARM DDI 0406C.d, page B1-1182
235 	new |= PSR_AA32_I_BIT;
236 
237 	// CPSR.F is set upon an exception to FIQ
238 	// CPSR.F is unchanged upon an exception to other modes
239 	// See ARM DDI 0487E.a, pages G1-5515 to G1-5516
240 	// See ARM DDI 0406C.d, page B1-1182
241 	new |= (old & PSR_AA32_F_BIT);
242 	if (mode == PSR_AA32_MODE_FIQ)
243 		new |= PSR_AA32_F_BIT;
244 
245 	// CPSR.T is set to SCTLR.TE upon any exception
246 	// See ARM DDI 0487E.a, page G8-5514
247 	// See ARM DDI 0406C.d, page B1-1181
248 	if (sctlr & BIT(30))
249 		new |= PSR_AA32_T_BIT;
250 
251 	new |= mode;
252 
253 	return new;
254 }
255 
256 /*
257  * Table taken from ARMv8 ARM DDI0487B-B, table G1-10.
258  */
259 static const u8 return_offsets[8][2] = {
260 	[0] = { 0, 0 },		/* Reset, unused */
261 	[1] = { 4, 2 },		/* Undefined */
262 	[2] = { 0, 0 },		/* SVC, unused */
263 	[3] = { 4, 4 },		/* Prefetch abort */
264 	[4] = { 8, 8 },		/* Data abort */
265 	[5] = { 0, 0 },		/* HVC, unused */
266 	[6] = { 4, 4 },		/* IRQ, unused */
267 	[7] = { 4, 4 },		/* FIQ, unused */
268 };
269 
270 static void enter_exception32(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u32 mode, u32 vect_offset)
271 {
272 	unsigned long spsr = *vcpu_cpsr(vcpu);
273 	bool is_thumb = (spsr & PSR_AA32_T_BIT);
274 	u32 sctlr = __vcpu_read_sys_reg(vcpu, SCTLR_EL1);
275 	u32 return_address;
276 
277 	*vcpu_cpsr(vcpu) = get_except32_cpsr(vcpu, mode);
278 	return_address   = *vcpu_pc(vcpu);
279 	return_address  += return_offsets[vect_offset >> 2][is_thumb];
280 
281 	/* KVM only enters the ABT and UND modes, so only deal with those */
282 	switch(mode) {
283 	case PSR_AA32_MODE_ABT:
284 		__vcpu_write_spsr_abt(vcpu, host_spsr_to_spsr32(spsr));
285 		vcpu_gp_regs(vcpu)->compat_lr_abt = return_address;
286 		break;
287 
288 	case PSR_AA32_MODE_UND:
289 		__vcpu_write_spsr_und(vcpu, host_spsr_to_spsr32(spsr));
290 		vcpu_gp_regs(vcpu)->compat_lr_und = return_address;
291 		break;
292 	}
293 
294 	/* Branch to exception vector */
295 	if (sctlr & (1 << 13))
296 		vect_offset += 0xffff0000;
297 	else /* always have security exceptions */
298 		vect_offset += __vcpu_read_sys_reg(vcpu, VBAR_EL1);
299 
300 	*vcpu_pc(vcpu) = vect_offset;
301 }
302 
303 static void kvm_inject_exception(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
304 {
305 	if (vcpu_el1_is_32bit(vcpu)) {
306 		switch (vcpu_get_flag(vcpu, EXCEPT_MASK)) {
307 		case unpack_vcpu_flag(EXCEPT_AA32_UND):
308 			enter_exception32(vcpu, PSR_AA32_MODE_UND, 4);
309 			break;
310 		case unpack_vcpu_flag(EXCEPT_AA32_IABT):
311 			enter_exception32(vcpu, PSR_AA32_MODE_ABT, 12);
312 			break;
313 		case unpack_vcpu_flag(EXCEPT_AA32_DABT):
314 			enter_exception32(vcpu, PSR_AA32_MODE_ABT, 16);
315 			break;
316 		default:
317 			/* Err... */
318 			break;
319 		}
320 	} else {
321 		switch (vcpu_get_flag(vcpu, EXCEPT_MASK)) {
322 		case unpack_vcpu_flag(EXCEPT_AA64_EL1_SYNC):
323 			enter_exception64(vcpu, PSR_MODE_EL1h, except_type_sync);
324 			break;
325 		default:
326 			/*
327 			 * Only EL1_SYNC makes sense so far, EL2_{SYNC,IRQ}
328 			 * will be implemented at some point. Everything
329 			 * else gets silently ignored.
330 			 */
331 			break;
332 		}
333 	}
334 }
335 
336 /*
337  * Adjust the guest PC (and potentially exception state) depending on
338  * flags provided by the emulation code.
339  */
340 void __kvm_adjust_pc(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
341 {
342 	if (vcpu_get_flag(vcpu, PENDING_EXCEPTION)) {
343 		kvm_inject_exception(vcpu);
344 		vcpu_clear_flag(vcpu, PENDING_EXCEPTION);
345 		vcpu_clear_flag(vcpu, EXCEPT_MASK);
346 	} else if (vcpu_get_flag(vcpu, INCREMENT_PC)) {
347 		kvm_skip_instr(vcpu);
348 		vcpu_clear_flag(vcpu, INCREMENT_PC);
349 	}
350 }
351