xref: /linux/arch/arm64/kvm/debug.c (revision d4b996f9ef1fe83d9ce9ad5c1ca0bd8231638ce5)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
2 /*
3  * Debug and Guest Debug support
4  *
5  * Copyright (C) 2015 - Linaro Ltd
6  * Author: Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org>
7  */
8 
9 #include <linux/kvm_host.h>
10 #include <linux/hw_breakpoint.h>
11 
12 #include <asm/debug-monitors.h>
13 #include <asm/kvm_asm.h>
14 #include <asm/kvm_arm.h>
15 #include <asm/kvm_emulate.h>
16 
17 #include "trace.h"
18 
19 /* These are the bits of MDSCR_EL1 we may manipulate */
20 #define MDSCR_EL1_DEBUG_MASK	(DBG_MDSCR_SS | \
21 				DBG_MDSCR_KDE | \
22 				DBG_MDSCR_MDE)
23 
24 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(u32, mdcr_el2);
25 
26 /**
27  * save/restore_guest_debug_regs
28  *
29  * For some debug operations we need to tweak some guest registers. As
30  * a result we need to save the state of those registers before we
31  * make those modifications.
32  *
33  * Guest access to MDSCR_EL1 is trapped by the hypervisor and handled
34  * after we have restored the preserved value to the main context.
35  */
36 static void save_guest_debug_regs(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
37 {
38 	u64 val = vcpu_read_sys_reg(vcpu, MDSCR_EL1);
39 
40 	vcpu->arch.guest_debug_preserved.mdscr_el1 = val;
41 
42 	trace_kvm_arm_set_dreg32("Saved MDSCR_EL1",
43 				vcpu->arch.guest_debug_preserved.mdscr_el1);
44 }
45 
46 static void restore_guest_debug_regs(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
47 {
48 	u64 val = vcpu->arch.guest_debug_preserved.mdscr_el1;
49 
50 	vcpu_write_sys_reg(vcpu, val, MDSCR_EL1);
51 
52 	trace_kvm_arm_set_dreg32("Restored MDSCR_EL1",
53 				vcpu_read_sys_reg(vcpu, MDSCR_EL1));
54 }
55 
56 /**
57  * kvm_arm_init_debug - grab what we need for debug
58  *
59  * Currently the sole task of this function is to retrieve the initial
60  * value of mdcr_el2 so we can preserve MDCR_EL2.HPMN which has
61  * presumably been set-up by some knowledgeable bootcode.
62  *
63  * It is called once per-cpu during CPU hyp initialisation.
64  */
65 
66 void kvm_arm_init_debug(void)
67 {
68 	__this_cpu_write(mdcr_el2, kvm_call_hyp_ret(__kvm_get_mdcr_el2));
69 }
70 
71 /**
72  * kvm_arm_setup_mdcr_el2 - configure vcpu mdcr_el2 value
73  *
74  * @vcpu:	the vcpu pointer
75  *
76  * This ensures we will trap access to:
77  *  - Performance monitors (MDCR_EL2_TPM/MDCR_EL2_TPMCR)
78  *  - Debug ROM Address (MDCR_EL2_TDRA)
79  *  - OS related registers (MDCR_EL2_TDOSA)
80  *  - Statistical profiler (MDCR_EL2_TPMS/MDCR_EL2_E2PB)
81  *  - Self-hosted Trace Filter controls (MDCR_EL2_TTRF)
82  *  - Self-hosted Trace (MDCR_EL2_TTRF/MDCR_EL2_E2TB)
83  */
84 static void kvm_arm_setup_mdcr_el2(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
85 {
86 	/*
87 	 * This also clears MDCR_EL2_E2PB_MASK and MDCR_EL2_E2TB_MASK
88 	 * to disable guest access to the profiling and trace buffers
89 	 */
90 	vcpu->arch.mdcr_el2 = __this_cpu_read(mdcr_el2) & MDCR_EL2_HPMN_MASK;
91 	vcpu->arch.mdcr_el2 |= (MDCR_EL2_TPM |
92 				MDCR_EL2_TPMS |
93 				MDCR_EL2_TTRF |
94 				MDCR_EL2_TPMCR |
95 				MDCR_EL2_TDRA |
96 				MDCR_EL2_TDOSA);
97 
98 	/* Is the VM being debugged by userspace? */
99 	if (vcpu->guest_debug)
100 		/* Route all software debug exceptions to EL2 */
101 		vcpu->arch.mdcr_el2 |= MDCR_EL2_TDE;
102 
103 	/*
104 	 * Trap debug register access when one of the following is true:
105 	 *  - Userspace is using the hardware to debug the guest
106 	 *  (KVM_GUESTDBG_USE_HW is set).
107 	 *  - The guest is not using debug (KVM_ARM64_DEBUG_DIRTY is clear).
108 	 */
109 	if ((vcpu->guest_debug & KVM_GUESTDBG_USE_HW) ||
110 	    !(vcpu->arch.flags & KVM_ARM64_DEBUG_DIRTY))
111 		vcpu->arch.mdcr_el2 |= MDCR_EL2_TDA;
112 
113 	trace_kvm_arm_set_dreg32("MDCR_EL2", vcpu->arch.mdcr_el2);
114 }
115 
116 /**
117  * kvm_arm_vcpu_init_debug - setup vcpu debug traps
118  *
119  * @vcpu:	the vcpu pointer
120  *
121  * Set vcpu initial mdcr_el2 value.
122  */
123 void kvm_arm_vcpu_init_debug(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
124 {
125 	preempt_disable();
126 	kvm_arm_setup_mdcr_el2(vcpu);
127 	preempt_enable();
128 }
129 
130 /**
131  * kvm_arm_reset_debug_ptr - reset the debug ptr to point to the vcpu state
132  */
133 
134 void kvm_arm_reset_debug_ptr(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
135 {
136 	vcpu->arch.debug_ptr = &vcpu->arch.vcpu_debug_state;
137 }
138 
139 /**
140  * kvm_arm_setup_debug - set up debug related stuff
141  *
142  * @vcpu:	the vcpu pointer
143  *
144  * This is called before each entry into the hypervisor to setup any
145  * debug related registers.
146  *
147  * Additionally, KVM only traps guest accesses to the debug registers if
148  * the guest is not actively using them (see the KVM_ARM64_DEBUG_DIRTY
149  * flag on vcpu->arch.flags).  Since the guest must not interfere
150  * with the hardware state when debugging the guest, we must ensure that
151  * trapping is enabled whenever we are debugging the guest using the
152  * debug registers.
153  */
154 
155 void kvm_arm_setup_debug(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
156 {
157 	unsigned long mdscr, orig_mdcr_el2 = vcpu->arch.mdcr_el2;
158 
159 	trace_kvm_arm_setup_debug(vcpu, vcpu->guest_debug);
160 
161 	kvm_arm_setup_mdcr_el2(vcpu);
162 
163 	/* Is Guest debugging in effect? */
164 	if (vcpu->guest_debug) {
165 		/* Save guest debug state */
166 		save_guest_debug_regs(vcpu);
167 
168 		/*
169 		 * Single Step (ARM ARM D2.12.3 The software step state
170 		 * machine)
171 		 *
172 		 * If we are doing Single Step we need to manipulate
173 		 * the guest's MDSCR_EL1.SS and PSTATE.SS. Once the
174 		 * step has occurred the hypervisor will trap the
175 		 * debug exception and we return to userspace.
176 		 *
177 		 * If the guest attempts to single step its userspace
178 		 * we would have to deal with a trapped exception
179 		 * while in the guest kernel. Because this would be
180 		 * hard to unwind we suppress the guest's ability to
181 		 * do so by masking MDSCR_EL.SS.
182 		 *
183 		 * This confuses guest debuggers which use
184 		 * single-step behind the scenes but everything
185 		 * returns to normal once the host is no longer
186 		 * debugging the system.
187 		 */
188 		if (vcpu->guest_debug & KVM_GUESTDBG_SINGLESTEP) {
189 			*vcpu_cpsr(vcpu) |=  DBG_SPSR_SS;
190 			mdscr = vcpu_read_sys_reg(vcpu, MDSCR_EL1);
191 			mdscr |= DBG_MDSCR_SS;
192 			vcpu_write_sys_reg(vcpu, mdscr, MDSCR_EL1);
193 		} else {
194 			mdscr = vcpu_read_sys_reg(vcpu, MDSCR_EL1);
195 			mdscr &= ~DBG_MDSCR_SS;
196 			vcpu_write_sys_reg(vcpu, mdscr, MDSCR_EL1);
197 		}
198 
199 		trace_kvm_arm_set_dreg32("SPSR_EL2", *vcpu_cpsr(vcpu));
200 
201 		/*
202 		 * HW Breakpoints and watchpoints
203 		 *
204 		 * We simply switch the debug_ptr to point to our new
205 		 * external_debug_state which has been populated by the
206 		 * debug ioctl. The existing KVM_ARM64_DEBUG_DIRTY
207 		 * mechanism ensures the registers are updated on the
208 		 * world switch.
209 		 */
210 		if (vcpu->guest_debug & KVM_GUESTDBG_USE_HW) {
211 			/* Enable breakpoints/watchpoints */
212 			mdscr = vcpu_read_sys_reg(vcpu, MDSCR_EL1);
213 			mdscr |= DBG_MDSCR_MDE;
214 			vcpu_write_sys_reg(vcpu, mdscr, MDSCR_EL1);
215 
216 			vcpu->arch.debug_ptr = &vcpu->arch.external_debug_state;
217 			vcpu->arch.flags |= KVM_ARM64_DEBUG_DIRTY;
218 
219 			trace_kvm_arm_set_regset("BKPTS", get_num_brps(),
220 						&vcpu->arch.debug_ptr->dbg_bcr[0],
221 						&vcpu->arch.debug_ptr->dbg_bvr[0]);
222 
223 			trace_kvm_arm_set_regset("WAPTS", get_num_wrps(),
224 						&vcpu->arch.debug_ptr->dbg_wcr[0],
225 						&vcpu->arch.debug_ptr->dbg_wvr[0]);
226 		}
227 	}
228 
229 	BUG_ON(!vcpu->guest_debug &&
230 		vcpu->arch.debug_ptr != &vcpu->arch.vcpu_debug_state);
231 
232 	/* If KDE or MDE are set, perform a full save/restore cycle. */
233 	if (vcpu_read_sys_reg(vcpu, MDSCR_EL1) & (DBG_MDSCR_KDE | DBG_MDSCR_MDE))
234 		vcpu->arch.flags |= KVM_ARM64_DEBUG_DIRTY;
235 
236 	/* Write mdcr_el2 changes since vcpu_load on VHE systems */
237 	if (has_vhe() && orig_mdcr_el2 != vcpu->arch.mdcr_el2)
238 		write_sysreg(vcpu->arch.mdcr_el2, mdcr_el2);
239 
240 	trace_kvm_arm_set_dreg32("MDSCR_EL1", vcpu_read_sys_reg(vcpu, MDSCR_EL1));
241 }
242 
243 void kvm_arm_clear_debug(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
244 {
245 	trace_kvm_arm_clear_debug(vcpu->guest_debug);
246 
247 	if (vcpu->guest_debug) {
248 		restore_guest_debug_regs(vcpu);
249 
250 		/*
251 		 * If we were using HW debug we need to restore the
252 		 * debug_ptr to the guest debug state.
253 		 */
254 		if (vcpu->guest_debug & KVM_GUESTDBG_USE_HW) {
255 			kvm_arm_reset_debug_ptr(vcpu);
256 
257 			trace_kvm_arm_set_regset("BKPTS", get_num_brps(),
258 						&vcpu->arch.debug_ptr->dbg_bcr[0],
259 						&vcpu->arch.debug_ptr->dbg_bvr[0]);
260 
261 			trace_kvm_arm_set_regset("WAPTS", get_num_wrps(),
262 						&vcpu->arch.debug_ptr->dbg_wcr[0],
263 						&vcpu->arch.debug_ptr->dbg_wvr[0]);
264 		}
265 	}
266 }
267 
268 void kvm_arch_vcpu_load_debug_state_flags(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
269 {
270 	u64 dfr0;
271 
272 	/* For VHE, there is nothing to do */
273 	if (has_vhe())
274 		return;
275 
276 	dfr0 = read_sysreg(id_aa64dfr0_el1);
277 	/*
278 	 * If SPE is present on this CPU and is available at current EL,
279 	 * we may need to check if the host state needs to be saved.
280 	 */
281 	if (cpuid_feature_extract_unsigned_field(dfr0, ID_AA64DFR0_PMSVER_SHIFT) &&
282 	    !(read_sysreg_s(SYS_PMBIDR_EL1) & BIT(SYS_PMBIDR_EL1_P_SHIFT)))
283 		vcpu->arch.flags |= KVM_ARM64_DEBUG_STATE_SAVE_SPE;
284 
285 	/* Check if we have TRBE implemented and available at the host */
286 	if (cpuid_feature_extract_unsigned_field(dfr0, ID_AA64DFR0_TRBE_SHIFT) &&
287 	    !(read_sysreg_s(SYS_TRBIDR_EL1) & TRBIDR_PROG))
288 		vcpu->arch.flags |= KVM_ARM64_DEBUG_STATE_SAVE_TRBE;
289 }
290 
291 void kvm_arch_vcpu_put_debug_state_flags(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
292 {
293 	vcpu->arch.flags &= ~(KVM_ARM64_DEBUG_STATE_SAVE_SPE |
294 			      KVM_ARM64_DEBUG_STATE_SAVE_TRBE);
295 }
296