xref: /linux/arch/arm/mm/alignment.c (revision 6fdcba32711044c35c0e1b094cbd8f3f0b4472c9)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
2 /*
3  *  linux/arch/arm/mm/alignment.c
4  *
5  *  Copyright (C) 1995  Linus Torvalds
6  *  Modifications for ARM processor (c) 1995-2001 Russell King
7  *  Thumb alignment fault fixups (c) 2004 MontaVista Software, Inc.
8  *  - Adapted from gdb/sim/arm/thumbemu.c -- Thumb instruction emulation.
9  *    Copyright (C) 1996, Cygnus Software Technologies Ltd.
10  */
11 #include <linux/moduleparam.h>
12 #include <linux/compiler.h>
13 #include <linux/kernel.h>
14 #include <linux/sched/debug.h>
15 #include <linux/errno.h>
16 #include <linux/string.h>
17 #include <linux/proc_fs.h>
18 #include <linux/seq_file.h>
19 #include <linux/init.h>
20 #include <linux/sched/signal.h>
21 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
22 
23 #include <asm/cp15.h>
24 #include <asm/system_info.h>
25 #include <asm/unaligned.h>
26 #include <asm/opcodes.h>
27 
28 #include "fault.h"
29 #include "mm.h"
30 
31 /*
32  * 32-bit misaligned trap handler (c) 1998 San Mehat (CCC) -July 1998
33  * /proc/sys/debug/alignment, modified and integrated into
34  * Linux 2.1 by Russell King
35  *
36  * Speed optimisations and better fault handling by Russell King.
37  *
38  * *** NOTE ***
39  * This code is not portable to processors with late data abort handling.
40  */
41 #define CODING_BITS(i)	(i & 0x0e000000)
42 #define COND_BITS(i)	(i & 0xf0000000)
43 
44 #define LDST_I_BIT(i)	(i & (1 << 26))		/* Immediate constant	*/
45 #define LDST_P_BIT(i)	(i & (1 << 24))		/* Preindex		*/
46 #define LDST_U_BIT(i)	(i & (1 << 23))		/* Add offset		*/
47 #define LDST_W_BIT(i)	(i & (1 << 21))		/* Writeback		*/
48 #define LDST_L_BIT(i)	(i & (1 << 20))		/* Load			*/
49 
50 #define LDST_P_EQ_U(i)	((((i) ^ ((i) >> 1)) & (1 << 23)) == 0)
51 
52 #define LDSTHD_I_BIT(i)	(i & (1 << 22))		/* double/half-word immed */
53 #define LDM_S_BIT(i)	(i & (1 << 22))		/* write CPSR from SPSR	*/
54 
55 #define RN_BITS(i)	((i >> 16) & 15)	/* Rn			*/
56 #define RD_BITS(i)	((i >> 12) & 15)	/* Rd			*/
57 #define RM_BITS(i)	(i & 15)		/* Rm			*/
58 
59 #define REGMASK_BITS(i)	(i & 0xffff)
60 #define OFFSET_BITS(i)	(i & 0x0fff)
61 
62 #define IS_SHIFT(i)	(i & 0x0ff0)
63 #define SHIFT_BITS(i)	((i >> 7) & 0x1f)
64 #define SHIFT_TYPE(i)	(i & 0x60)
65 #define SHIFT_LSL	0x00
66 #define SHIFT_LSR	0x20
67 #define SHIFT_ASR	0x40
68 #define SHIFT_RORRRX	0x60
69 
70 #define BAD_INSTR 	0xdeadc0de
71 
72 /* Thumb-2 32 bit format per ARMv7 DDI0406A A6.3, either f800h,e800h,f800h */
73 #define IS_T32(hi16) \
74 	(((hi16) & 0xe000) == 0xe000 && ((hi16) & 0x1800))
75 
76 static unsigned long ai_user;
77 static unsigned long ai_sys;
78 static void *ai_sys_last_pc;
79 static unsigned long ai_skipped;
80 static unsigned long ai_half;
81 static unsigned long ai_word;
82 static unsigned long ai_dword;
83 static unsigned long ai_multi;
84 static int ai_usermode;
85 static unsigned long cr_no_alignment;
86 
87 core_param(alignment, ai_usermode, int, 0600);
88 
89 #define UM_WARN		(1 << 0)
90 #define UM_FIXUP	(1 << 1)
91 #define UM_SIGNAL	(1 << 2)
92 
93 /* Return true if and only if the ARMv6 unaligned access model is in use. */
94 static bool cpu_is_v6_unaligned(void)
95 {
96 	return cpu_architecture() >= CPU_ARCH_ARMv6 && get_cr() & CR_U;
97 }
98 
99 static int safe_usermode(int new_usermode, bool warn)
100 {
101 	/*
102 	 * ARMv6 and later CPUs can perform unaligned accesses for
103 	 * most single load and store instructions up to word size.
104 	 * LDM, STM, LDRD and STRD still need to be handled.
105 	 *
106 	 * Ignoring the alignment fault is not an option on these
107 	 * CPUs since we spin re-faulting the instruction without
108 	 * making any progress.
109 	 */
110 	if (cpu_is_v6_unaligned() && !(new_usermode & (UM_FIXUP | UM_SIGNAL))) {
111 		new_usermode |= UM_FIXUP;
112 
113 		if (warn)
114 			pr_warn("alignment: ignoring faults is unsafe on this CPU.  Defaulting to fixup mode.\n");
115 	}
116 
117 	return new_usermode;
118 }
119 
120 #ifdef CONFIG_PROC_FS
121 static const char *usermode_action[] = {
122 	"ignored",
123 	"warn",
124 	"fixup",
125 	"fixup+warn",
126 	"signal",
127 	"signal+warn"
128 };
129 
130 static int alignment_proc_show(struct seq_file *m, void *v)
131 {
132 	seq_printf(m, "User:\t\t%lu\n", ai_user);
133 	seq_printf(m, "System:\t\t%lu (%pS)\n", ai_sys, ai_sys_last_pc);
134 	seq_printf(m, "Skipped:\t%lu\n", ai_skipped);
135 	seq_printf(m, "Half:\t\t%lu\n", ai_half);
136 	seq_printf(m, "Word:\t\t%lu\n", ai_word);
137 	if (cpu_architecture() >= CPU_ARCH_ARMv5TE)
138 		seq_printf(m, "DWord:\t\t%lu\n", ai_dword);
139 	seq_printf(m, "Multi:\t\t%lu\n", ai_multi);
140 	seq_printf(m, "User faults:\t%i (%s)\n", ai_usermode,
141 			usermode_action[ai_usermode]);
142 
143 	return 0;
144 }
145 
146 static int alignment_proc_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
147 {
148 	return single_open(file, alignment_proc_show, NULL);
149 }
150 
151 static ssize_t alignment_proc_write(struct file *file, const char __user *buffer,
152 				    size_t count, loff_t *pos)
153 {
154 	char mode;
155 
156 	if (count > 0) {
157 		if (get_user(mode, buffer))
158 			return -EFAULT;
159 		if (mode >= '0' && mode <= '5')
160 			ai_usermode = safe_usermode(mode - '0', true);
161 	}
162 	return count;
163 }
164 
165 static const struct file_operations alignment_proc_fops = {
166 	.open		= alignment_proc_open,
167 	.read		= seq_read,
168 	.llseek		= seq_lseek,
169 	.release	= single_release,
170 	.write		= alignment_proc_write,
171 };
172 #endif /* CONFIG_PROC_FS */
173 
174 union offset_union {
175 	unsigned long un;
176 	  signed long sn;
177 };
178 
179 #define TYPE_ERROR	0
180 #define TYPE_FAULT	1
181 #define TYPE_LDST	2
182 #define TYPE_DONE	3
183 
184 #ifdef __ARMEB__
185 #define BE		1
186 #define FIRST_BYTE_16	"mov	%1, %1, ror #8\n"
187 #define FIRST_BYTE_32	"mov	%1, %1, ror #24\n"
188 #define NEXT_BYTE	"ror #24"
189 #else
190 #define BE		0
191 #define FIRST_BYTE_16
192 #define FIRST_BYTE_32
193 #define NEXT_BYTE	"lsr #8"
194 #endif
195 
196 #define __get8_unaligned_check(ins,val,addr,err)	\
197 	__asm__(					\
198  ARM(	"1:	"ins"	%1, [%2], #1\n"	)		\
199  THUMB(	"1:	"ins"	%1, [%2]\n"	)		\
200  THUMB(	"	add	%2, %2, #1\n"	)		\
201 	"2:\n"						\
202 	"	.pushsection .text.fixup,\"ax\"\n"	\
203 	"	.align	2\n"				\
204 	"3:	mov	%0, #1\n"			\
205 	"	b	2b\n"				\
206 	"	.popsection\n"				\
207 	"	.pushsection __ex_table,\"a\"\n"	\
208 	"	.align	3\n"				\
209 	"	.long	1b, 3b\n"			\
210 	"	.popsection\n"				\
211 	: "=r" (err), "=&r" (val), "=r" (addr)		\
212 	: "0" (err), "2" (addr))
213 
214 #define __get16_unaligned_check(ins,val,addr)			\
215 	do {							\
216 		unsigned int err = 0, v, a = addr;		\
217 		__get8_unaligned_check(ins,v,a,err);		\
218 		val =  v << ((BE) ? 8 : 0);			\
219 		__get8_unaligned_check(ins,v,a,err);		\
220 		val |= v << ((BE) ? 0 : 8);			\
221 		if (err)					\
222 			goto fault;				\
223 	} while (0)
224 
225 #define get16_unaligned_check(val,addr) \
226 	__get16_unaligned_check("ldrb",val,addr)
227 
228 #define get16t_unaligned_check(val,addr) \
229 	__get16_unaligned_check("ldrbt",val,addr)
230 
231 #define __get32_unaligned_check(ins,val,addr)			\
232 	do {							\
233 		unsigned int err = 0, v, a = addr;		\
234 		__get8_unaligned_check(ins,v,a,err);		\
235 		val =  v << ((BE) ? 24 :  0);			\
236 		__get8_unaligned_check(ins,v,a,err);		\
237 		val |= v << ((BE) ? 16 :  8);			\
238 		__get8_unaligned_check(ins,v,a,err);		\
239 		val |= v << ((BE) ?  8 : 16);			\
240 		__get8_unaligned_check(ins,v,a,err);		\
241 		val |= v << ((BE) ?  0 : 24);			\
242 		if (err)					\
243 			goto fault;				\
244 	} while (0)
245 
246 #define get32_unaligned_check(val,addr) \
247 	__get32_unaligned_check("ldrb",val,addr)
248 
249 #define get32t_unaligned_check(val,addr) \
250 	__get32_unaligned_check("ldrbt",val,addr)
251 
252 #define __put16_unaligned_check(ins,val,addr)			\
253 	do {							\
254 		unsigned int err = 0, v = val, a = addr;	\
255 		__asm__( FIRST_BYTE_16				\
256 	 ARM(	"1:	"ins"	%1, [%2], #1\n"	)		\
257 	 THUMB(	"1:	"ins"	%1, [%2]\n"	)		\
258 	 THUMB(	"	add	%2, %2, #1\n"	)		\
259 		"	mov	%1, %1, "NEXT_BYTE"\n"		\
260 		"2:	"ins"	%1, [%2]\n"			\
261 		"3:\n"						\
262 		"	.pushsection .text.fixup,\"ax\"\n"	\
263 		"	.align	2\n"				\
264 		"4:	mov	%0, #1\n"			\
265 		"	b	3b\n"				\
266 		"	.popsection\n"				\
267 		"	.pushsection __ex_table,\"a\"\n"	\
268 		"	.align	3\n"				\
269 		"	.long	1b, 4b\n"			\
270 		"	.long	2b, 4b\n"			\
271 		"	.popsection\n"				\
272 		: "=r" (err), "=&r" (v), "=&r" (a)		\
273 		: "0" (err), "1" (v), "2" (a));			\
274 		if (err)					\
275 			goto fault;				\
276 	} while (0)
277 
278 #define put16_unaligned_check(val,addr)  \
279 	__put16_unaligned_check("strb",val,addr)
280 
281 #define put16t_unaligned_check(val,addr) \
282 	__put16_unaligned_check("strbt",val,addr)
283 
284 #define __put32_unaligned_check(ins,val,addr)			\
285 	do {							\
286 		unsigned int err = 0, v = val, a = addr;	\
287 		__asm__( FIRST_BYTE_32				\
288 	 ARM(	"1:	"ins"	%1, [%2], #1\n"	)		\
289 	 THUMB(	"1:	"ins"	%1, [%2]\n"	)		\
290 	 THUMB(	"	add	%2, %2, #1\n"	)		\
291 		"	mov	%1, %1, "NEXT_BYTE"\n"		\
292 	 ARM(	"2:	"ins"	%1, [%2], #1\n"	)		\
293 	 THUMB(	"2:	"ins"	%1, [%2]\n"	)		\
294 	 THUMB(	"	add	%2, %2, #1\n"	)		\
295 		"	mov	%1, %1, "NEXT_BYTE"\n"		\
296 	 ARM(	"3:	"ins"	%1, [%2], #1\n"	)		\
297 	 THUMB(	"3:	"ins"	%1, [%2]\n"	)		\
298 	 THUMB(	"	add	%2, %2, #1\n"	)		\
299 		"	mov	%1, %1, "NEXT_BYTE"\n"		\
300 		"4:	"ins"	%1, [%2]\n"			\
301 		"5:\n"						\
302 		"	.pushsection .text.fixup,\"ax\"\n"	\
303 		"	.align	2\n"				\
304 		"6:	mov	%0, #1\n"			\
305 		"	b	5b\n"				\
306 		"	.popsection\n"				\
307 		"	.pushsection __ex_table,\"a\"\n"	\
308 		"	.align	3\n"				\
309 		"	.long	1b, 6b\n"			\
310 		"	.long	2b, 6b\n"			\
311 		"	.long	3b, 6b\n"			\
312 		"	.long	4b, 6b\n"			\
313 		"	.popsection\n"				\
314 		: "=r" (err), "=&r" (v), "=&r" (a)		\
315 		: "0" (err), "1" (v), "2" (a));			\
316 		if (err)					\
317 			goto fault;				\
318 	} while (0)
319 
320 #define put32_unaligned_check(val,addr) \
321 	__put32_unaligned_check("strb", val, addr)
322 
323 #define put32t_unaligned_check(val,addr) \
324 	__put32_unaligned_check("strbt", val, addr)
325 
326 static void
327 do_alignment_finish_ldst(unsigned long addr, u32 instr, struct pt_regs *regs, union offset_union offset)
328 {
329 	if (!LDST_U_BIT(instr))
330 		offset.un = -offset.un;
331 
332 	if (!LDST_P_BIT(instr))
333 		addr += offset.un;
334 
335 	if (!LDST_P_BIT(instr) || LDST_W_BIT(instr))
336 		regs->uregs[RN_BITS(instr)] = addr;
337 }
338 
339 static int
340 do_alignment_ldrhstrh(unsigned long addr, u32 instr, struct pt_regs *regs)
341 {
342 	unsigned int rd = RD_BITS(instr);
343 
344 	ai_half += 1;
345 
346 	if (user_mode(regs))
347 		goto user;
348 
349 	if (LDST_L_BIT(instr)) {
350 		unsigned long val;
351 		get16_unaligned_check(val, addr);
352 
353 		/* signed half-word? */
354 		if (instr & 0x40)
355 			val = (signed long)((signed short) val);
356 
357 		regs->uregs[rd] = val;
358 	} else
359 		put16_unaligned_check(regs->uregs[rd], addr);
360 
361 	return TYPE_LDST;
362 
363  user:
364 	if (LDST_L_BIT(instr)) {
365 		unsigned long val;
366 		unsigned int __ua_flags = uaccess_save_and_enable();
367 
368 		get16t_unaligned_check(val, addr);
369 		uaccess_restore(__ua_flags);
370 
371 		/* signed half-word? */
372 		if (instr & 0x40)
373 			val = (signed long)((signed short) val);
374 
375 		regs->uregs[rd] = val;
376 	} else {
377 		unsigned int __ua_flags = uaccess_save_and_enable();
378 		put16t_unaligned_check(regs->uregs[rd], addr);
379 		uaccess_restore(__ua_flags);
380 	}
381 
382 	return TYPE_LDST;
383 
384  fault:
385 	return TYPE_FAULT;
386 }
387 
388 static int
389 do_alignment_ldrdstrd(unsigned long addr, u32 instr, struct pt_regs *regs)
390 {
391 	unsigned int rd = RD_BITS(instr);
392 	unsigned int rd2;
393 	int load;
394 
395 	if ((instr & 0xfe000000) == 0xe8000000) {
396 		/* ARMv7 Thumb-2 32-bit LDRD/STRD */
397 		rd2 = (instr >> 8) & 0xf;
398 		load = !!(LDST_L_BIT(instr));
399 	} else if (((rd & 1) == 1) || (rd == 14))
400 		goto bad;
401 	else {
402 		load = ((instr & 0xf0) == 0xd0);
403 		rd2 = rd + 1;
404 	}
405 
406 	ai_dword += 1;
407 
408 	if (user_mode(regs))
409 		goto user;
410 
411 	if (load) {
412 		unsigned long val;
413 		get32_unaligned_check(val, addr);
414 		regs->uregs[rd] = val;
415 		get32_unaligned_check(val, addr + 4);
416 		regs->uregs[rd2] = val;
417 	} else {
418 		put32_unaligned_check(regs->uregs[rd], addr);
419 		put32_unaligned_check(regs->uregs[rd2], addr + 4);
420 	}
421 
422 	return TYPE_LDST;
423 
424  user:
425 	if (load) {
426 		unsigned long val, val2;
427 		unsigned int __ua_flags = uaccess_save_and_enable();
428 
429 		get32t_unaligned_check(val, addr);
430 		get32t_unaligned_check(val2, addr + 4);
431 
432 		uaccess_restore(__ua_flags);
433 
434 		regs->uregs[rd] = val;
435 		regs->uregs[rd2] = val2;
436 	} else {
437 		unsigned int __ua_flags = uaccess_save_and_enable();
438 		put32t_unaligned_check(regs->uregs[rd], addr);
439 		put32t_unaligned_check(regs->uregs[rd2], addr + 4);
440 		uaccess_restore(__ua_flags);
441 	}
442 
443 	return TYPE_LDST;
444  bad:
445 	return TYPE_ERROR;
446  fault:
447 	return TYPE_FAULT;
448 }
449 
450 static int
451 do_alignment_ldrstr(unsigned long addr, u32 instr, struct pt_regs *regs)
452 {
453 	unsigned int rd = RD_BITS(instr);
454 
455 	ai_word += 1;
456 
457 	if ((!LDST_P_BIT(instr) && LDST_W_BIT(instr)) || user_mode(regs))
458 		goto trans;
459 
460 	if (LDST_L_BIT(instr)) {
461 		unsigned int val;
462 		get32_unaligned_check(val, addr);
463 		regs->uregs[rd] = val;
464 	} else
465 		put32_unaligned_check(regs->uregs[rd], addr);
466 	return TYPE_LDST;
467 
468  trans:
469 	if (LDST_L_BIT(instr)) {
470 		unsigned int val;
471 		unsigned int __ua_flags = uaccess_save_and_enable();
472 		get32t_unaligned_check(val, addr);
473 		uaccess_restore(__ua_flags);
474 		regs->uregs[rd] = val;
475 	} else {
476 		unsigned int __ua_flags = uaccess_save_and_enable();
477 		put32t_unaligned_check(regs->uregs[rd], addr);
478 		uaccess_restore(__ua_flags);
479 	}
480 	return TYPE_LDST;
481 
482  fault:
483 	return TYPE_FAULT;
484 }
485 
486 /*
487  * LDM/STM alignment handler.
488  *
489  * There are 4 variants of this instruction:
490  *
491  * B = rn pointer before instruction, A = rn pointer after instruction
492  *              ------ increasing address ----->
493  *	        |    | r0 | r1 | ... | rx |    |
494  * PU = 01             B                    A
495  * PU = 11        B                    A
496  * PU = 00        A                    B
497  * PU = 10             A                    B
498  */
499 static int
500 do_alignment_ldmstm(unsigned long addr, u32 instr, struct pt_regs *regs)
501 {
502 	unsigned int rd, rn, correction, nr_regs, regbits;
503 	unsigned long eaddr, newaddr;
504 
505 	if (LDM_S_BIT(instr))
506 		goto bad;
507 
508 	correction = 4; /* processor implementation defined */
509 	regs->ARM_pc += correction;
510 
511 	ai_multi += 1;
512 
513 	/* count the number of registers in the mask to be transferred */
514 	nr_regs = hweight16(REGMASK_BITS(instr)) * 4;
515 
516 	rn = RN_BITS(instr);
517 	newaddr = eaddr = regs->uregs[rn];
518 
519 	if (!LDST_U_BIT(instr))
520 		nr_regs = -nr_regs;
521 	newaddr += nr_regs;
522 	if (!LDST_U_BIT(instr))
523 		eaddr = newaddr;
524 
525 	if (LDST_P_EQ_U(instr))	/* U = P */
526 		eaddr += 4;
527 
528 	/*
529 	 * For alignment faults on the ARM922T/ARM920T the MMU  makes
530 	 * the FSR (and hence addr) equal to the updated base address
531 	 * of the multiple access rather than the restored value.
532 	 * Switch this message off if we've got a ARM92[02], otherwise
533 	 * [ls]dm alignment faults are noisy!
534 	 */
535 #if !(defined CONFIG_CPU_ARM922T)  && !(defined CONFIG_CPU_ARM920T)
536 	/*
537 	 * This is a "hint" - we already have eaddr worked out by the
538 	 * processor for us.
539 	 */
540 	if (addr != eaddr) {
541 		pr_err("LDMSTM: PC = %08lx, instr = %08x, "
542 			"addr = %08lx, eaddr = %08lx\n",
543 			 instruction_pointer(regs), instr, addr, eaddr);
544 		show_regs(regs);
545 	}
546 #endif
547 
548 	if (user_mode(regs)) {
549 		unsigned int __ua_flags = uaccess_save_and_enable();
550 		for (regbits = REGMASK_BITS(instr), rd = 0; regbits;
551 		     regbits >>= 1, rd += 1)
552 			if (regbits & 1) {
553 				if (LDST_L_BIT(instr)) {
554 					unsigned int val;
555 					get32t_unaligned_check(val, eaddr);
556 					regs->uregs[rd] = val;
557 				} else
558 					put32t_unaligned_check(regs->uregs[rd], eaddr);
559 				eaddr += 4;
560 			}
561 		uaccess_restore(__ua_flags);
562 	} else {
563 		for (regbits = REGMASK_BITS(instr), rd = 0; regbits;
564 		     regbits >>= 1, rd += 1)
565 			if (regbits & 1) {
566 				if (LDST_L_BIT(instr)) {
567 					unsigned int val;
568 					get32_unaligned_check(val, eaddr);
569 					regs->uregs[rd] = val;
570 				} else
571 					put32_unaligned_check(regs->uregs[rd], eaddr);
572 				eaddr += 4;
573 			}
574 	}
575 
576 	if (LDST_W_BIT(instr))
577 		regs->uregs[rn] = newaddr;
578 	if (!LDST_L_BIT(instr) || !(REGMASK_BITS(instr) & (1 << 15)))
579 		regs->ARM_pc -= correction;
580 	return TYPE_DONE;
581 
582 fault:
583 	regs->ARM_pc -= correction;
584 	return TYPE_FAULT;
585 
586 bad:
587 	pr_err("Alignment trap: not handling ldm with s-bit set\n");
588 	return TYPE_ERROR;
589 }
590 
591 /*
592  * Convert Thumb ld/st instruction forms to equivalent ARM instructions so
593  * we can reuse ARM userland alignment fault fixups for Thumb.
594  *
595  * This implementation was initially based on the algorithm found in
596  * gdb/sim/arm/thumbemu.c. It is basically just a code reduction of same
597  * to convert only Thumb ld/st instruction forms to equivalent ARM forms.
598  *
599  * NOTES:
600  * 1. Comments below refer to ARM ARM DDI0100E Thumb Instruction sections.
601  * 2. If for some reason we're passed an non-ld/st Thumb instruction to
602  *    decode, we return 0xdeadc0de. This should never happen under normal
603  *    circumstances but if it does, we've got other problems to deal with
604  *    elsewhere and we obviously can't fix those problems here.
605  */
606 
607 static unsigned long
608 thumb2arm(u16 tinstr)
609 {
610 	u32 L = (tinstr & (1<<11)) >> 11;
611 
612 	switch ((tinstr & 0xf800) >> 11) {
613 	/* 6.5.1 Format 1: */
614 	case 0x6000 >> 11:				/* 7.1.52 STR(1) */
615 	case 0x6800 >> 11:				/* 7.1.26 LDR(1) */
616 	case 0x7000 >> 11:				/* 7.1.55 STRB(1) */
617 	case 0x7800 >> 11:				/* 7.1.30 LDRB(1) */
618 		return 0xe5800000 |
619 			((tinstr & (1<<12)) << (22-12)) |	/* fixup */
620 			(L<<20) |				/* L==1? */
621 			((tinstr & (7<<0)) << (12-0)) |		/* Rd */
622 			((tinstr & (7<<3)) << (16-3)) |		/* Rn */
623 			((tinstr & (31<<6)) >>			/* immed_5 */
624 				(6 - ((tinstr & (1<<12)) ? 0 : 2)));
625 	case 0x8000 >> 11:				/* 7.1.57 STRH(1) */
626 	case 0x8800 >> 11:				/* 7.1.32 LDRH(1) */
627 		return 0xe1c000b0 |
628 			(L<<20) |				/* L==1? */
629 			((tinstr & (7<<0)) << (12-0)) |		/* Rd */
630 			((tinstr & (7<<3)) << (16-3)) |		/* Rn */
631 			((tinstr & (7<<6)) >> (6-1)) |	 /* immed_5[2:0] */
632 			((tinstr & (3<<9)) >> (9-8));	 /* immed_5[4:3] */
633 
634 	/* 6.5.1 Format 2: */
635 	case 0x5000 >> 11:
636 	case 0x5800 >> 11:
637 		{
638 			static const u32 subset[8] = {
639 				0xe7800000,		/* 7.1.53 STR(2) */
640 				0xe18000b0,		/* 7.1.58 STRH(2) */
641 				0xe7c00000,		/* 7.1.56 STRB(2) */
642 				0xe19000d0,		/* 7.1.34 LDRSB */
643 				0xe7900000,		/* 7.1.27 LDR(2) */
644 				0xe19000b0,		/* 7.1.33 LDRH(2) */
645 				0xe7d00000,		/* 7.1.31 LDRB(2) */
646 				0xe19000f0		/* 7.1.35 LDRSH */
647 			};
648 			return subset[(tinstr & (7<<9)) >> 9] |
649 			    ((tinstr & (7<<0)) << (12-0)) |	/* Rd */
650 			    ((tinstr & (7<<3)) << (16-3)) |	/* Rn */
651 			    ((tinstr & (7<<6)) >> (6-0));	/* Rm */
652 		}
653 
654 	/* 6.5.1 Format 3: */
655 	case 0x4800 >> 11:				/* 7.1.28 LDR(3) */
656 		/* NOTE: This case is not technically possible. We're
657 		 *	 loading 32-bit memory data via PC relative
658 		 *	 addressing mode. So we can and should eliminate
659 		 *	 this case. But I'll leave it here for now.
660 		 */
661 		return 0xe59f0000 |
662 		    ((tinstr & (7<<8)) << (12-8)) |		/* Rd */
663 		    ((tinstr & 255) << (2-0));			/* immed_8 */
664 
665 	/* 6.5.1 Format 4: */
666 	case 0x9000 >> 11:				/* 7.1.54 STR(3) */
667 	case 0x9800 >> 11:				/* 7.1.29 LDR(4) */
668 		return 0xe58d0000 |
669 			(L<<20) |				/* L==1? */
670 			((tinstr & (7<<8)) << (12-8)) |		/* Rd */
671 			((tinstr & 255) << 2);			/* immed_8 */
672 
673 	/* 6.6.1 Format 1: */
674 	case 0xc000 >> 11:				/* 7.1.51 STMIA */
675 	case 0xc800 >> 11:				/* 7.1.25 LDMIA */
676 		{
677 			u32 Rn = (tinstr & (7<<8)) >> 8;
678 			u32 W = ((L<<Rn) & (tinstr&255)) ? 0 : 1<<21;
679 
680 			return 0xe8800000 | W | (L<<20) | (Rn<<16) |
681 				(tinstr&255);
682 		}
683 
684 	/* 6.6.1 Format 2: */
685 	case 0xb000 >> 11:				/* 7.1.48 PUSH */
686 	case 0xb800 >> 11:				/* 7.1.47 POP */
687 		if ((tinstr & (3 << 9)) == 0x0400) {
688 			static const u32 subset[4] = {
689 				0xe92d0000,	/* STMDB sp!,{registers} */
690 				0xe92d4000,	/* STMDB sp!,{registers,lr} */
691 				0xe8bd0000,	/* LDMIA sp!,{registers} */
692 				0xe8bd8000	/* LDMIA sp!,{registers,pc} */
693 			};
694 			return subset[(L<<1) | ((tinstr & (1<<8)) >> 8)] |
695 			    (tinstr & 255);		/* register_list */
696 		}
697 		/* Else, fall through - for illegal instruction case */
698 
699 	default:
700 		return BAD_INSTR;
701 	}
702 }
703 
704 /*
705  * Convert Thumb-2 32 bit LDM, STM, LDRD, STRD to equivalent instruction
706  * handlable by ARM alignment handler, also find the corresponding handler,
707  * so that we can reuse ARM userland alignment fault fixups for Thumb.
708  *
709  * @pinstr: original Thumb-2 instruction; returns new handlable instruction
710  * @regs: register context.
711  * @poffset: return offset from faulted addr for later writeback
712  *
713  * NOTES:
714  * 1. Comments below refer to ARMv7 DDI0406A Thumb Instruction sections.
715  * 2. Register name Rt from ARMv7 is same as Rd from ARMv6 (Rd is Rt)
716  */
717 static void *
718 do_alignment_t32_to_handler(u32 *pinstr, struct pt_regs *regs,
719 			    union offset_union *poffset)
720 {
721 	u32 instr = *pinstr;
722 	u16 tinst1 = (instr >> 16) & 0xffff;
723 	u16 tinst2 = instr & 0xffff;
724 
725 	switch (tinst1 & 0xffe0) {
726 	/* A6.3.5 Load/Store multiple */
727 	case 0xe880:		/* STM/STMIA/STMEA,LDM/LDMIA, PUSH/POP T2 */
728 	case 0xe8a0:		/* ...above writeback version */
729 	case 0xe900:		/* STMDB/STMFD, LDMDB/LDMEA */
730 	case 0xe920:		/* ...above writeback version */
731 		/* no need offset decision since handler calculates it */
732 		return do_alignment_ldmstm;
733 
734 	case 0xf840:		/* POP/PUSH T3 (single register) */
735 		if (RN_BITS(instr) == 13 && (tinst2 & 0x09ff) == 0x0904) {
736 			u32 L = !!(LDST_L_BIT(instr));
737 			const u32 subset[2] = {
738 				0xe92d0000,	/* STMDB sp!,{registers} */
739 				0xe8bd0000,	/* LDMIA sp!,{registers} */
740 			};
741 			*pinstr = subset[L] | (1<<RD_BITS(instr));
742 			return do_alignment_ldmstm;
743 		}
744 		/* Else fall through for illegal instruction case */
745 		break;
746 
747 	/* A6.3.6 Load/store double, STRD/LDRD(immed, lit, reg) */
748 	case 0xe860:
749 	case 0xe960:
750 	case 0xe8e0:
751 	case 0xe9e0:
752 		poffset->un = (tinst2 & 0xff) << 2;
753 		/* Fall through */
754 
755 	case 0xe940:
756 	case 0xe9c0:
757 		return do_alignment_ldrdstrd;
758 
759 	/*
760 	 * No need to handle load/store instructions up to word size
761 	 * since ARMv6 and later CPUs can perform unaligned accesses.
762 	 */
763 	default:
764 		break;
765 	}
766 	return NULL;
767 }
768 
769 static int alignment_get_arm(struct pt_regs *regs, u32 *ip, u32 *inst)
770 {
771 	u32 instr = 0;
772 	int fault;
773 
774 	if (user_mode(regs))
775 		fault = get_user(instr, ip);
776 	else
777 		fault = probe_kernel_address(ip, instr);
778 
779 	*inst = __mem_to_opcode_arm(instr);
780 
781 	return fault;
782 }
783 
784 static int alignment_get_thumb(struct pt_regs *regs, u16 *ip, u16 *inst)
785 {
786 	u16 instr = 0;
787 	int fault;
788 
789 	if (user_mode(regs))
790 		fault = get_user(instr, ip);
791 	else
792 		fault = probe_kernel_address(ip, instr);
793 
794 	*inst = __mem_to_opcode_thumb16(instr);
795 
796 	return fault;
797 }
798 
799 static int
800 do_alignment(unsigned long addr, unsigned int fsr, struct pt_regs *regs)
801 {
802 	union offset_union uninitialized_var(offset);
803 	unsigned long instrptr;
804 	int (*handler)(unsigned long addr, u32 instr, struct pt_regs *regs);
805 	unsigned int type;
806 	u32 instr = 0;
807 	u16 tinstr = 0;
808 	int isize = 4;
809 	int thumb2_32b = 0;
810 	int fault;
811 
812 	if (interrupts_enabled(regs))
813 		local_irq_enable();
814 
815 	instrptr = instruction_pointer(regs);
816 
817 	if (thumb_mode(regs)) {
818 		u16 *ptr = (u16 *)(instrptr & ~1);
819 
820 		fault = alignment_get_thumb(regs, ptr, &tinstr);
821 		if (!fault) {
822 			if (cpu_architecture() >= CPU_ARCH_ARMv7 &&
823 			    IS_T32(tinstr)) {
824 				/* Thumb-2 32-bit */
825 				u16 tinst2;
826 				fault = alignment_get_thumb(regs, ptr + 1, &tinst2);
827 				instr = __opcode_thumb32_compose(tinstr, tinst2);
828 				thumb2_32b = 1;
829 			} else {
830 				isize = 2;
831 				instr = thumb2arm(tinstr);
832 			}
833 		}
834 	} else {
835 		fault = alignment_get_arm(regs, (void *)instrptr, &instr);
836 	}
837 
838 	if (fault) {
839 		type = TYPE_FAULT;
840 		goto bad_or_fault;
841 	}
842 
843 	if (user_mode(regs))
844 		goto user;
845 
846 	ai_sys += 1;
847 	ai_sys_last_pc = (void *)instruction_pointer(regs);
848 
849  fixup:
850 
851 	regs->ARM_pc += isize;
852 
853 	switch (CODING_BITS(instr)) {
854 	case 0x00000000:	/* 3.13.4 load/store instruction extensions */
855 		if (LDSTHD_I_BIT(instr))
856 			offset.un = (instr & 0xf00) >> 4 | (instr & 15);
857 		else
858 			offset.un = regs->uregs[RM_BITS(instr)];
859 
860 		if ((instr & 0x000000f0) == 0x000000b0 || /* LDRH, STRH */
861 		    (instr & 0x001000f0) == 0x001000f0)   /* LDRSH */
862 			handler = do_alignment_ldrhstrh;
863 		else if ((instr & 0x001000f0) == 0x000000d0 || /* LDRD */
864 			 (instr & 0x001000f0) == 0x000000f0)   /* STRD */
865 			handler = do_alignment_ldrdstrd;
866 		else if ((instr & 0x01f00ff0) == 0x01000090) /* SWP */
867 			goto swp;
868 		else
869 			goto bad;
870 		break;
871 
872 	case 0x04000000:	/* ldr or str immediate */
873 		if (COND_BITS(instr) == 0xf0000000) /* NEON VLDn, VSTn */
874 			goto bad;
875 		offset.un = OFFSET_BITS(instr);
876 		handler = do_alignment_ldrstr;
877 		break;
878 
879 	case 0x06000000:	/* ldr or str register */
880 		offset.un = regs->uregs[RM_BITS(instr)];
881 
882 		if (IS_SHIFT(instr)) {
883 			unsigned int shiftval = SHIFT_BITS(instr);
884 
885 			switch(SHIFT_TYPE(instr)) {
886 			case SHIFT_LSL:
887 				offset.un <<= shiftval;
888 				break;
889 
890 			case SHIFT_LSR:
891 				offset.un >>= shiftval;
892 				break;
893 
894 			case SHIFT_ASR:
895 				offset.sn >>= shiftval;
896 				break;
897 
898 			case SHIFT_RORRRX:
899 				if (shiftval == 0) {
900 					offset.un >>= 1;
901 					if (regs->ARM_cpsr & PSR_C_BIT)
902 						offset.un |= 1 << 31;
903 				} else
904 					offset.un = offset.un >> shiftval |
905 							  offset.un << (32 - shiftval);
906 				break;
907 			}
908 		}
909 		handler = do_alignment_ldrstr;
910 		break;
911 
912 	case 0x08000000:	/* ldm or stm, or thumb-2 32bit instruction */
913 		if (thumb2_32b) {
914 			offset.un = 0;
915 			handler = do_alignment_t32_to_handler(&instr, regs, &offset);
916 		} else {
917 			offset.un = 0;
918 			handler = do_alignment_ldmstm;
919 		}
920 		break;
921 
922 	default:
923 		goto bad;
924 	}
925 
926 	if (!handler)
927 		goto bad;
928 	type = handler(addr, instr, regs);
929 
930 	if (type == TYPE_ERROR || type == TYPE_FAULT) {
931 		regs->ARM_pc -= isize;
932 		goto bad_or_fault;
933 	}
934 
935 	if (type == TYPE_LDST)
936 		do_alignment_finish_ldst(addr, instr, regs, offset);
937 
938 	return 0;
939 
940  bad_or_fault:
941 	if (type == TYPE_ERROR)
942 		goto bad;
943 	/*
944 	 * We got a fault - fix it up, or die.
945 	 */
946 	do_bad_area(addr, fsr, regs);
947 	return 0;
948 
949  swp:
950 	pr_err("Alignment trap: not handling swp instruction\n");
951 
952  bad:
953 	/*
954 	 * Oops, we didn't handle the instruction.
955 	 */
956 	pr_err("Alignment trap: not handling instruction "
957 		"%0*x at [<%08lx>]\n",
958 		isize << 1,
959 		isize == 2 ? tinstr : instr, instrptr);
960 	ai_skipped += 1;
961 	return 1;
962 
963  user:
964 	ai_user += 1;
965 
966 	if (ai_usermode & UM_WARN)
967 		printk("Alignment trap: %s (%d) PC=0x%08lx Instr=0x%0*x "
968 		       "Address=0x%08lx FSR 0x%03x\n", current->comm,
969 			task_pid_nr(current), instrptr,
970 			isize << 1,
971 			isize == 2 ? tinstr : instr,
972 		        addr, fsr);
973 
974 	if (ai_usermode & UM_FIXUP)
975 		goto fixup;
976 
977 	if (ai_usermode & UM_SIGNAL) {
978 		force_sig_fault(SIGBUS, BUS_ADRALN, (void __user *)addr);
979 	} else {
980 		/*
981 		 * We're about to disable the alignment trap and return to
982 		 * user space.  But if an interrupt occurs before actually
983 		 * reaching user space, then the IRQ vector entry code will
984 		 * notice that we were still in kernel space and therefore
985 		 * the alignment trap won't be re-enabled in that case as it
986 		 * is presumed to be always on from kernel space.
987 		 * Let's prevent that race by disabling interrupts here (they
988 		 * are disabled on the way back to user space anyway in
989 		 * entry-common.S) and disable the alignment trap only if
990 		 * there is no work pending for this thread.
991 		 */
992 		raw_local_irq_disable();
993 		if (!(current_thread_info()->flags & _TIF_WORK_MASK))
994 			set_cr(cr_no_alignment);
995 	}
996 
997 	return 0;
998 }
999 
1000 static int __init noalign_setup(char *__unused)
1001 {
1002 	set_cr(__clear_cr(CR_A));
1003 	return 1;
1004 }
1005 __setup("noalign", noalign_setup);
1006 
1007 /*
1008  * This needs to be done after sysctl_init, otherwise sys/ will be
1009  * overwritten.  Actually, this shouldn't be in sys/ at all since
1010  * it isn't a sysctl, and it doesn't contain sysctl information.
1011  * We now locate it in /proc/cpu/alignment instead.
1012  */
1013 static int __init alignment_init(void)
1014 {
1015 #ifdef CONFIG_PROC_FS
1016 	struct proc_dir_entry *res;
1017 
1018 	res = proc_create("cpu/alignment", S_IWUSR | S_IRUGO, NULL,
1019 			  &alignment_proc_fops);
1020 	if (!res)
1021 		return -ENOMEM;
1022 #endif
1023 
1024 	if (cpu_is_v6_unaligned()) {
1025 		set_cr(__clear_cr(CR_A));
1026 		ai_usermode = safe_usermode(ai_usermode, false);
1027 	}
1028 
1029 	cr_no_alignment = get_cr() & ~CR_A;
1030 
1031 	hook_fault_code(FAULT_CODE_ALIGNMENT, do_alignment, SIGBUS, BUS_ADRALN,
1032 			"alignment exception");
1033 
1034 	/*
1035 	 * ARMv6K and ARMv7 use fault status 3 (0b00011) as Access Flag section
1036 	 * fault, not as alignment error.
1037 	 *
1038 	 * TODO: handle ARMv6K properly. Runtime check for 'K' extension is
1039 	 * needed.
1040 	 */
1041 	if (cpu_architecture() <= CPU_ARCH_ARMv6) {
1042 		hook_fault_code(3, do_alignment, SIGBUS, BUS_ADRALN,
1043 				"alignment exception");
1044 	}
1045 
1046 	return 0;
1047 }
1048 
1049 fs_initcall(alignment_init);
1050