xref: /linux/arch/arm/kernel/entry-header.S (revision 6fdcba32711044c35c0e1b094cbd8f3f0b4472c9)
1/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
2#include <linux/init.h>
3#include <linux/linkage.h>
4
5#include <asm/assembler.h>
6#include <asm/asm-offsets.h>
7#include <asm/errno.h>
8#include <asm/thread_info.h>
9#include <asm/v7m.h>
10
11@ Bad Abort numbers
12@ -----------------
13@
14#define BAD_PREFETCH	0
15#define BAD_DATA	1
16#define BAD_ADDREXCPTN	2
17#define BAD_IRQ		3
18#define BAD_UNDEFINSTR	4
19
20@
21@ Most of the stack format comes from struct pt_regs, but with
22@ the addition of 8 bytes for storing syscall args 5 and 6.
23@ This _must_ remain a multiple of 8 for EABI.
24@
25#define S_OFF		8
26
27/*
28 * The SWI code relies on the fact that R0 is at the bottom of the stack
29 * (due to slow/fast restore user regs).
30 */
31#if S_R0 != 0
32#error "Please fix"
33#endif
34
35	.macro	zero_fp
36#ifdef CONFIG_FRAME_POINTER
37	mov	fp, #0
38#endif
39	.endm
40
41#ifdef CONFIG_ALIGNMENT_TRAP
42#define ATRAP(x...) x
43#else
44#define ATRAP(x...)
45#endif
46
47	.macro	alignment_trap, rtmp1, rtmp2, label
48#ifdef CONFIG_ALIGNMENT_TRAP
49	mrc	p15, 0, \rtmp2, c1, c0, 0
50	ldr	\rtmp1, \label
51	ldr	\rtmp1, [\rtmp1]
52	teq	\rtmp1, \rtmp2
53	mcrne	p15, 0, \rtmp1, c1, c0, 0
54#endif
55	.endm
56
57#ifdef CONFIG_CPU_V7M
58/*
59 * ARMv7-M exception entry/exit macros.
60 *
61 * xPSR, ReturnAddress(), LR (R14), R12, R3, R2, R1, and R0 are
62 * automatically saved on the current stack (32 words) before
63 * switching to the exception stack (SP_main).
64 *
65 * If exception is taken while in user mode, SP_main is
66 * empty. Otherwise, SP_main is aligned to 64 bit automatically
67 * (CCR.STKALIGN set).
68 *
69 * Linux assumes that the interrupts are disabled when entering an
70 * exception handler and it may BUG if this is not the case. Interrupts
71 * are disabled during entry and reenabled in the exit macro.
72 *
73 * v7m_exception_slow_exit is used when returning from SVC or PendSV.
74 * When returning to kernel mode, we don't return from exception.
75 */
76	.macro	v7m_exception_entry
77	@ determine the location of the registers saved by the core during
78	@ exception entry. Depending on the mode the cpu was in when the
79	@ exception happend that is either on the main or the process stack.
80	@ Bit 2 of EXC_RETURN stored in the lr register specifies which stack
81	@ was used.
82	tst	lr, #EXC_RET_STACK_MASK
83	mrsne	r12, psp
84	moveq	r12, sp
85
86	@ we cannot rely on r0-r3 and r12 matching the value saved in the
87	@ exception frame because of tail-chaining. So these have to be
88	@ reloaded.
89	ldmia	r12!, {r0-r3}
90
91	@ Linux expects to have irqs off. Do it here before taking stack space
92	cpsid	i
93
94	sub	sp, #PT_REGS_SIZE-S_IP
95	stmdb	sp!, {r0-r11}
96
97	@ load saved r12, lr, return address and xPSR.
98	@ r0-r7 are used for signals and never touched from now on. Clobbering
99	@ r8-r12 is OK.
100	mov	r9, r12
101	ldmia	r9!, {r8, r10-r12}
102
103	@ calculate the original stack pointer value.
104	@ r9 currently points to the memory location just above the auto saved
105	@ xPSR.
106	@ The cpu might automatically 8-byte align the stack. Bit 9
107	@ of the saved xPSR specifies if stack aligning took place. In this case
108	@ another 32-bit value is included in the stack.
109
110	tst	r12, V7M_xPSR_FRAMEPTRALIGN
111	addne	r9, r9, #4
112
113	@ store saved r12 using str to have a register to hold the base for stm
114	str	r8, [sp, #S_IP]
115	add	r8, sp, #S_SP
116	@ store r13-r15, xPSR
117	stmia	r8!, {r9-r12}
118	@ store old_r0
119	str	r0, [r8]
120	.endm
121
122        /*
123	 * PENDSV and SVCALL are configured to have the same exception
124	 * priorities. As a kernel thread runs at SVCALL execution priority it
125	 * can never be preempted and so we will never have to return to a
126	 * kernel thread here.
127         */
128	.macro	v7m_exception_slow_exit ret_r0
129	cpsid	i
130	ldr	lr, =exc_ret
131	ldr	lr, [lr]
132
133	@ read original r12, sp, lr, pc and xPSR
134	add	r12, sp, #S_IP
135	ldmia	r12, {r1-r5}
136
137	@ an exception frame is always 8-byte aligned. To tell the hardware if
138	@ the sp to be restored is aligned or not set bit 9 of the saved xPSR
139	@ accordingly.
140	tst	r2, #4
141	subne	r2, r2, #4
142	orrne	r5, V7M_xPSR_FRAMEPTRALIGN
143	biceq	r5, V7M_xPSR_FRAMEPTRALIGN
144
145	@ ensure bit 0 is cleared in the PC, otherwise behaviour is
146	@ unpredictable
147	bic	r4, #1
148
149	@ write basic exception frame
150	stmdb	r2!, {r1, r3-r5}
151	ldmia	sp, {r1, r3-r5}
152	.if	\ret_r0
153	stmdb	r2!, {r0, r3-r5}
154	.else
155	stmdb	r2!, {r1, r3-r5}
156	.endif
157
158	@ restore process sp
159	msr	psp, r2
160
161	@ restore original r4-r11
162	ldmia	sp!, {r0-r11}
163
164	@ restore main sp
165	add	sp, sp, #PT_REGS_SIZE-S_IP
166
167	cpsie	i
168	bx	lr
169	.endm
170#endif	/* CONFIG_CPU_V7M */
171
172	@
173	@ Store/load the USER SP and LR registers by switching to the SYS
174	@ mode. Useful in Thumb-2 mode where "stm/ldm rd, {sp, lr}^" is not
175	@ available. Should only be called from SVC mode
176	@
177	.macro	store_user_sp_lr, rd, rtemp, offset = 0
178	mrs	\rtemp, cpsr
179	eor	\rtemp, \rtemp, #(SVC_MODE ^ SYSTEM_MODE)
180	msr	cpsr_c, \rtemp			@ switch to the SYS mode
181
182	str	sp, [\rd, #\offset]		@ save sp_usr
183	str	lr, [\rd, #\offset + 4]		@ save lr_usr
184
185	eor	\rtemp, \rtemp, #(SVC_MODE ^ SYSTEM_MODE)
186	msr	cpsr_c, \rtemp			@ switch back to the SVC mode
187	.endm
188
189	.macro	load_user_sp_lr, rd, rtemp, offset = 0
190	mrs	\rtemp, cpsr
191	eor	\rtemp, \rtemp, #(SVC_MODE ^ SYSTEM_MODE)
192	msr	cpsr_c, \rtemp			@ switch to the SYS mode
193
194	ldr	sp, [\rd, #\offset]		@ load sp_usr
195	ldr	lr, [\rd, #\offset + 4]		@ load lr_usr
196
197	eor	\rtemp, \rtemp, #(SVC_MODE ^ SYSTEM_MODE)
198	msr	cpsr_c, \rtemp			@ switch back to the SVC mode
199	.endm
200
201
202	.macro	svc_exit, rpsr, irq = 0
203	.if	\irq != 0
204	@ IRQs already off
205#ifdef CONFIG_TRACE_IRQFLAGS
206	@ The parent context IRQs must have been enabled to get here in
207	@ the first place, so there's no point checking the PSR I bit.
208	bl	trace_hardirqs_on
209#endif
210	.else
211	@ IRQs off again before pulling preserved data off the stack
212	disable_irq_notrace
213#ifdef CONFIG_TRACE_IRQFLAGS
214	tst	\rpsr, #PSR_I_BIT
215	bleq	trace_hardirqs_on
216	tst	\rpsr, #PSR_I_BIT
217	blne	trace_hardirqs_off
218#endif
219	.endif
220	ldr	r1, [sp, #SVC_ADDR_LIMIT]
221	uaccess_restore
222	str	r1, [tsk, #TI_ADDR_LIMIT]
223
224#ifndef CONFIG_THUMB2_KERNEL
225	@ ARM mode SVC restore
226	msr	spsr_cxsf, \rpsr
227#if defined(CONFIG_CPU_V6) || defined(CONFIG_CPU_32v6K)
228	@ We must avoid clrex due to Cortex-A15 erratum #830321
229	sub	r0, sp, #4			@ uninhabited address
230	strex	r1, r2, [r0]			@ clear the exclusive monitor
231#endif
232	ldmia	sp, {r0 - pc}^			@ load r0 - pc, cpsr
233#else
234	@ Thumb mode SVC restore
235	ldr	lr, [sp, #S_SP]			@ top of the stack
236	ldrd	r0, r1, [sp, #S_LR]		@ calling lr and pc
237
238	@ We must avoid clrex due to Cortex-A15 erratum #830321
239	strex	r2, r1, [sp, #S_LR]		@ clear the exclusive monitor
240
241	stmdb	lr!, {r0, r1, \rpsr}		@ calling lr and rfe context
242	ldmia	sp, {r0 - r12}
243	mov	sp, lr
244	ldr	lr, [sp], #4
245	rfeia	sp!
246#endif
247	.endm
248
249	@
250	@ svc_exit_via_fiq - like svc_exit but switches to FIQ mode before exit
251	@
252	@ This macro acts in a similar manner to svc_exit but switches to FIQ
253	@ mode to restore the final part of the register state.
254	@
255	@ We cannot use the normal svc_exit procedure because that would
256	@ clobber spsr_svc (FIQ could be delivered during the first few
257	@ instructions of vector_swi meaning its contents have not been
258	@ saved anywhere).
259	@
260	@ Note that, unlike svc_exit, this macro also does not allow a caller
261	@ supplied rpsr. This is because the FIQ exceptions are not re-entrant
262	@ and the handlers cannot call into the scheduler (meaning the value
263	@ on the stack remains correct).
264	@
265	.macro  svc_exit_via_fiq
266	ldr	r1, [sp, #SVC_ADDR_LIMIT]
267	uaccess_restore
268	str	r1, [tsk, #TI_ADDR_LIMIT]
269#ifndef CONFIG_THUMB2_KERNEL
270	@ ARM mode restore
271	mov	r0, sp
272	ldmib	r0, {r1 - r14}	@ abort is deadly from here onward (it will
273				@ clobber state restored below)
274	msr	cpsr_c, #FIQ_MODE | PSR_I_BIT | PSR_F_BIT
275	add	r8, r0, #S_PC
276	ldr	r9, [r0, #S_PSR]
277	msr	spsr_cxsf, r9
278	ldr	r0, [r0, #S_R0]
279	ldmia	r8, {pc}^
280#else
281	@ Thumb mode restore
282	add	r0, sp, #S_R2
283	ldr	lr, [sp, #S_LR]
284	ldr	sp, [sp, #S_SP] @ abort is deadly from here onward (it will
285			        @ clobber state restored below)
286	ldmia	r0, {r2 - r12}
287	mov	r1, #FIQ_MODE | PSR_I_BIT | PSR_F_BIT
288	msr	cpsr_c, r1
289	sub	r0, #S_R2
290	add	r8, r0, #S_PC
291	ldmia	r0, {r0 - r1}
292	rfeia	r8
293#endif
294	.endm
295
296
297	.macro	restore_user_regs, fast = 0, offset = 0
298	uaccess_enable r1, isb=0
299#ifndef CONFIG_THUMB2_KERNEL
300	@ ARM mode restore
301	mov	r2, sp
302	ldr	r1, [r2, #\offset + S_PSR]	@ get calling cpsr
303	ldr	lr, [r2, #\offset + S_PC]!	@ get pc
304	tst	r1, #PSR_I_BIT | 0x0f
305	bne	1f
306	msr	spsr_cxsf, r1			@ save in spsr_svc
307#if defined(CONFIG_CPU_V6) || defined(CONFIG_CPU_32v6K)
308	@ We must avoid clrex due to Cortex-A15 erratum #830321
309	strex	r1, r2, [r2]			@ clear the exclusive monitor
310#endif
311	.if	\fast
312	ldmdb	r2, {r1 - lr}^			@ get calling r1 - lr
313	.else
314	ldmdb	r2, {r0 - lr}^			@ get calling r0 - lr
315	.endif
316	mov	r0, r0				@ ARMv5T and earlier require a nop
317						@ after ldm {}^
318	add	sp, sp, #\offset + PT_REGS_SIZE
319	movs	pc, lr				@ return & move spsr_svc into cpsr
3201:	bug	"Returning to usermode but unexpected PSR bits set?", \@
321#elif defined(CONFIG_CPU_V7M)
322	@ V7M restore.
323	@ Note that we don't need to do clrex here as clearing the local
324	@ monitor is part of the exception entry and exit sequence.
325	.if	\offset
326	add	sp, #\offset
327	.endif
328	v7m_exception_slow_exit ret_r0 = \fast
329#else
330	@ Thumb mode restore
331	mov	r2, sp
332	load_user_sp_lr r2, r3, \offset + S_SP	@ calling sp, lr
333	ldr	r1, [sp, #\offset + S_PSR]	@ get calling cpsr
334	ldr	lr, [sp, #\offset + S_PC]	@ get pc
335	add	sp, sp, #\offset + S_SP
336	tst	r1, #PSR_I_BIT | 0x0f
337	bne	1f
338	msr	spsr_cxsf, r1			@ save in spsr_svc
339
340	@ We must avoid clrex due to Cortex-A15 erratum #830321
341	strex	r1, r2, [sp]			@ clear the exclusive monitor
342
343	.if	\fast
344	ldmdb	sp, {r1 - r12}			@ get calling r1 - r12
345	.else
346	ldmdb	sp, {r0 - r12}			@ get calling r0 - r12
347	.endif
348	add	sp, sp, #PT_REGS_SIZE - S_SP
349	movs	pc, lr				@ return & move spsr_svc into cpsr
3501:	bug	"Returning to usermode but unexpected PSR bits set?", \@
351#endif	/* !CONFIG_THUMB2_KERNEL */
352	.endm
353
354/*
355 * Context tracking subsystem.  Used to instrument transitions
356 * between user and kernel mode.
357 */
358	.macro ct_user_exit, save = 1
359#ifdef CONFIG_CONTEXT_TRACKING
360	.if	\save
361	stmdb   sp!, {r0-r3, ip, lr}
362	bl	context_tracking_user_exit
363	ldmia	sp!, {r0-r3, ip, lr}
364	.else
365	bl	context_tracking_user_exit
366	.endif
367#endif
368	.endm
369
370	.macro ct_user_enter, save = 1
371#ifdef CONFIG_CONTEXT_TRACKING
372	.if	\save
373	stmdb   sp!, {r0-r3, ip, lr}
374	bl	context_tracking_user_enter
375	ldmia	sp!, {r0-r3, ip, lr}
376	.else
377	bl	context_tracking_user_enter
378	.endif
379#endif
380	.endm
381
382	.macro	invoke_syscall, table, nr, tmp, ret, reload=0
383#ifdef CONFIG_CPU_SPECTRE
384	mov	\tmp, \nr
385	cmp	\tmp, #NR_syscalls		@ check upper syscall limit
386	movcs	\tmp, #0
387	csdb
388	badr	lr, \ret			@ return address
389	.if	\reload
390	add	r1, sp, #S_R0 + S_OFF		@ pointer to regs
391	ldmiacc	r1, {r0 - r6}			@ reload r0-r6
392	stmiacc	sp, {r4, r5}			@ update stack arguments
393	.endif
394	ldrcc	pc, [\table, \tmp, lsl #2]	@ call sys_* routine
395#else
396	cmp	\nr, #NR_syscalls		@ check upper syscall limit
397	badr	lr, \ret			@ return address
398	.if	\reload
399	add	r1, sp, #S_R0 + S_OFF		@ pointer to regs
400	ldmiacc	r1, {r0 - r6}			@ reload r0-r6
401	stmiacc	sp, {r4, r5}			@ update stack arguments
402	.endif
403	ldrcc	pc, [\table, \nr, lsl #2]	@ call sys_* routine
404#endif
405	.endm
406
407/*
408 * These are the registers used in the syscall handler, and allow us to
409 * have in theory up to 7 arguments to a function - r0 to r6.
410 *
411 * r7 is reserved for the system call number for thumb mode.
412 *
413 * Note that tbl == why is intentional.
414 *
415 * We must set at least "tsk" and "why" when calling ret_with_reschedule.
416 */
417scno	.req	r7		@ syscall number
418tbl	.req	r8		@ syscall table pointer
419why	.req	r8		@ Linux syscall (!= 0)
420tsk	.req	r9		@ current thread_info
421