xref: /linux/Documentation/w1/masters/w1-uart.rst (revision c532de5a67a70f8533d495f8f2aaa9a0491c3ad0)
1.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
2
3=====================
4Kernel driver w1-uart
5=====================
6
7Author: Christoph Winklhofer <cj.winklhofer@gmail.com>
8
9
10Description
11-----------
12
13UART 1-Wire bus driver. The driver utilizes the UART interface via the
14Serial Device Bus to create the 1-Wire timing patterns as described in
15the document `"Using a UART to Implement a 1-Wire Bus Master"`_.
16
17.. _"Using a UART to Implement a 1-Wire Bus Master": https://www.analog.com/en/technical-articles/using-a-uart-to-implement-a-1wire-bus-master.html
18
19In short, the UART peripheral must support full-duplex and operate in
20open-drain mode. The timing patterns are generated by a specific
21combination of baud-rate and transmitted byte, which corresponds to a
221-Wire read bit, write bit or reset pulse.
23
24For instance the timing pattern for a 1-Wire reset and presence detect uses
25the baud-rate 9600, i.e. 104.2 us per bit. The transmitted byte 0xf0 over
26UART (least significant bit first, start-bit low) sets the reset low time
27for 1-Wire to 521 us. A present 1-Wire device changes the received byte by
28pulling the line low, which is used by the driver to evaluate the result of
29the 1-Wire operation.
30
31Similar for a 1-Wire read bit or write bit, which uses the baud-rate
32115200, i.e. 8.7 us per bit. The transmitted byte 0x80 is used for a
33Write-0 operation (low time 69.6us) and the byte 0xff for Read-0, Read-1
34and Write-1 (low time 8.7us).
35
36The default baud-rate for reset and presence detection is 9600 and for
37a 1-Wire read or write operation 115200. In case the actual baud-rate
38is different from the requested one, the transmitted byte is adapted
39to generate the 1-Wire timing patterns.
40
41
42Usage
43-----
44
45Specify the UART 1-wire bus in the device tree by adding the single child
46onewire to the serial node (e.g. uart0). For example:
47::
48
49  @uart0 {
50    ...
51    onewire {
52      compatible = "w1-uart";
53    };
54  };
55