xref: /linux/Documentation/userspace-api/media/v4l/v4l2grab.c.rst (revision a1c3be890440a1769ed6f822376a3e3ab0d42994)
1.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
2
3file: media/v4l/v4l2grab.c
4==========================
5
6.. code-block:: c
7
8    /* V4L2 video picture grabber
9       Copyright (C) 2009 Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab@kernel.org>
10
11       This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
12       it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
13       the Free Software Foundation version 2 of the License.
14
15       This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
16       but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
17       MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
18       GNU General Public License for more details.
19     */
20
21    #include <stdio.h>
22    #include <stdlib.h>
23    #include <string.h>
24    #include <fcntl.h>
25    #include <errno.h>
26    #include <sys/ioctl.h>
27    #include <sys/types.h>
28    #include <sys/time.h>
29    #include <sys/mman.h>
30    #include <linux/videodev2.h>
31    #include "../libv4l/include/libv4l2.h"
32
33    #define CLEAR(x) memset(&(x), 0, sizeof(x))
34
35    struct buffer {
36	    void   *start;
37	    size_t length;
38    };
39
40    static void xioctl(int fh, int request, void *arg)
41    {
42	    int r;
43
44	    do {
45		    r = v4l2_ioctl(fh, request, arg);
46	    } while (r == -1 && ((errno == EINTR) || (errno == EAGAIN)));
47
48	    if (r == -1) {
49		    fprintf(stderr, "error %d, %s\\n", errno, strerror(errno));
50		    exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
51	    }
52    }
53
54    int main(int argc, char **argv)
55    {
56	    struct v4l2_format              fmt;
57	    struct v4l2_buffer              buf;
58	    struct v4l2_requestbuffers      req;
59	    enum v4l2_buf_type              type;
60	    fd_set                          fds;
61	    struct timeval                  tv;
62	    int                             r, fd = -1;
63	    unsigned int                    i, n_buffers;
64	    char                            *dev_name = "/dev/video0";
65	    char                            out_name[256];
66	    FILE                            *fout;
67	    struct buffer                   *buffers;
68
69	    fd = v4l2_open(dev_name, O_RDWR | O_NONBLOCK, 0);
70	    if (fd < 0) {
71		    perror("Cannot open device");
72		    exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
73	    }
74
75	    CLEAR(fmt);
76	    fmt.type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
77	    fmt.fmt.pix.width       = 640;
78	    fmt.fmt.pix.height      = 480;
79	    fmt.fmt.pix.pixelformat = V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB24;
80	    fmt.fmt.pix.field       = V4L2_FIELD_INTERLACED;
81	    xioctl(fd, VIDIOC_S_FMT, &fmt);
82	    if (fmt.fmt.pix.pixelformat != V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB24) {
83		    printf("Libv4l didn't accept RGB24 format. Can't proceed.\\n");
84		    exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
85	    }
86	    if ((fmt.fmt.pix.width != 640) || (fmt.fmt.pix.height != 480))
87		    printf("Warning: driver is sending image at %dx%d\\n",
88			    fmt.fmt.pix.width, fmt.fmt.pix.height);
89
90	    CLEAR(req);
91	    req.count = 2;
92	    req.type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
93	    req.memory = V4L2_MEMORY_MMAP;
94	    xioctl(fd, VIDIOC_REQBUFS, &req);
95
96	    buffers = calloc(req.count, sizeof(*buffers));
97	    for (n_buffers = 0; n_buffers < req.count; ++n_buffers) {
98		    CLEAR(buf);
99
100		    buf.type        = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
101		    buf.memory      = V4L2_MEMORY_MMAP;
102		    buf.index       = n_buffers;
103
104		    xioctl(fd, VIDIOC_QUERYBUF, &buf);
105
106		    buffers[n_buffers].length = buf.length;
107		    buffers[n_buffers].start = v4l2_mmap(NULL, buf.length,
108				  PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED,
109				  fd, buf.m.offset);
110
111		    if (MAP_FAILED == buffers[n_buffers].start) {
112			    perror("mmap");
113			    exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
114		    }
115	    }
116
117	    for (i = 0; i < n_buffers; ++i) {
118		    CLEAR(buf);
119		    buf.type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
120		    buf.memory = V4L2_MEMORY_MMAP;
121		    buf.index = i;
122		    xioctl(fd, VIDIOC_QBUF, &buf);
123	    }
124	    type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
125
126	    xioctl(fd, VIDIOC_STREAMON, &type);
127	    for (i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
128		    do {
129			    FD_ZERO(&fds);
130			    FD_SET(fd, &fds);
131
132			    /* Timeout. */
133			    tv.tv_sec = 2;
134			    tv.tv_usec = 0;
135
136			    r = select(fd + 1, &fds, NULL, NULL, &tv);
137		    } while ((r == -1 && (errno = EINTR)));
138		    if (r == -1) {
139			    perror("select");
140			    return errno;
141		    }
142
143		    CLEAR(buf);
144		    buf.type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
145		    buf.memory = V4L2_MEMORY_MMAP;
146		    xioctl(fd, VIDIOC_DQBUF, &buf);
147
148		    sprintf(out_name, "out%03d.ppm", i);
149		    fout = fopen(out_name, "w");
150		    if (!fout) {
151			    perror("Cannot open image");
152			    exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
153		    }
154		    fprintf(fout, "P6\\n%d %d 255\\n",
155			    fmt.fmt.pix.width, fmt.fmt.pix.height);
156		    fwrite(buffers[buf.index].start, buf.bytesused, 1, fout);
157		    fclose(fout);
158
159		    xioctl(fd, VIDIOC_QBUF, &buf);
160	    }
161
162	    type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
163	    xioctl(fd, VIDIOC_STREAMOFF, &type);
164	    for (i = 0; i < n_buffers; ++i)
165		    v4l2_munmap(buffers[i].start, buffers[i].length);
166	    v4l2_close(fd);
167
168	    return 0;
169    }
170