xref: /linux/Documentation/userspace-api/media/v4l/selection-api-vs-crop-api.rst (revision a4eb44a6435d6d8f9e642407a4a06f65eb90ca04)
1.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
2
3.. _selection-vs-crop:
4
5********************************
6Comparison with old cropping API
7********************************
8
9The selection API was introduced to cope with deficiencies of the
10older :ref:`CROP API <crop>`, that was designed to control simple
11capture devices. Later the cropping API was adopted by video output
12drivers. The ioctls are used to select a part of the display were the
13video signal is inserted. It should be considered as an API abuse
14because the described operation is actually the composing. The
15selection API makes a clear distinction between composing and cropping
16operations by setting the appropriate targets.
17
18The CROP API lacks any support for composing to and cropping from an
19image inside a memory buffer. The application could configure a
20capture device to fill only a part of an image by abusing V4L2
21API. Cropping a smaller image from a larger one is achieved by setting
22the field ``bytesperline`` at struct :c:type:`v4l2_pix_format`.
23Introducing an image offsets could be done by modifying field
24``m_userptr`` at struct :c:type:`v4l2_buffer` before calling
25:ref:`VIDIOC_QBUF <VIDIOC_QBUF>`. Those operations should be avoided
26because they are not portable (endianness), and do not work for
27macroblock and Bayer formats and mmap buffers.
28
29The selection API deals with configuration of buffer
30cropping/composing in a clear, intuitive and portable way. Next, with
31the selection API the concepts of the padded target and constraints
32flags are introduced. Finally, struct :c:type:`v4l2_crop` and struct
33:c:type:`v4l2_cropcap` have no reserved fields. Therefore there is no
34way to extend their functionality. The new struct
35:c:type:`v4l2_selection` provides a lot of place for future
36extensions.
37
38Driver developers are encouraged to implement only selection API. The
39former cropping API would be simulated using the new one.
40