xref: /linux/Documentation/userspace-api/media/v4l/hist-v4l2.rst (revision 2c739ced5886cd8c8361faa79a9522ec05174ed0)
1.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
2
3.. _hist-v4l2:
4
5***********************
6Changes of the V4L2 API
7***********************
8
9Soon after the V4L API was added to the kernel it was criticised as too
10inflexible. In August 1998 Bill Dirks proposed a number of improvements
11and began to work on documentation, example drivers and applications.
12With the help of other volunteers this eventually became the V4L2 API,
13not just an extension but a replacement for the V4L API. However it took
14another four years and two stable kernel releases until the new API was
15finally accepted for inclusion into the kernel in its present form.
16
17
18Early Versions
19==============
20
211998-08-20: First version.
22
231998-08-27: The :ref:`select() <func-select>` function was introduced.
24
251998-09-10: New video standard interface.
26
271998-09-18: The ``VIDIOC_NONCAP`` ioctl was replaced by the otherwise
28meaningless ``O_TRUNC`` :ref:`open() <func-open>` flag, and the
29aliases ``O_NONCAP`` and ``O_NOIO`` were defined. Applications can set
30this flag if they intend to access controls only, as opposed to capture
31applications which need exclusive access. The ``VIDEO_STD_XXX``
32identifiers are now ordinals instead of flags, and the
33``video_std_construct()`` helper function takes id and
34transmission arguments.
35
361998-09-28: Revamped video standard. Made video controls individually
37enumerable.
38
391998-10-02: The ``id`` field was removed from
40struct ``video_standard`` and the color subcarrier fields were
41renamed. The :ref:`VIDIOC_QUERYSTD` ioctl was
42renamed to :ref:`VIDIOC_ENUMSTD`,
43:ref:`VIDIOC_G_INPUT <VIDIOC_G_INPUT>` to
44:ref:`VIDIOC_ENUMINPUT`. A first draft of the
45Codec API was released.
46
471998-11-08: Many minor changes. Most symbols have been renamed. Some
48material changes to struct v4l2_capability.
49
501998-11-12: The read/write directon of some ioctls was misdefined.
51
521998-11-14: ``V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB24`` changed to ``V4L2_PIX_FMT_BGR24``,
53and ``V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB32`` changed to ``V4L2_PIX_FMT_BGR32``. Audio
54controls are now accessible with the
55:ref:`VIDIOC_G_CTRL <VIDIOC_G_CTRL>` and
56:ref:`VIDIOC_S_CTRL <VIDIOC_G_CTRL>` ioctls under names starting
57with ``V4L2_CID_AUDIO``. The ``V4L2_MAJOR`` define was removed from
58``videodev.h`` since it was only used once in the ``videodev`` kernel
59module. The ``YUV422`` and ``YUV411`` planar image formats were added.
60
611998-11-28: A few ioctl symbols changed. Interfaces for codecs and video
62output devices were added.
63
641999-01-14: A raw VBI capture interface was added.
65
661999-01-19: The ``VIDIOC_NEXTBUF`` ioctl was removed.
67
68
69V4L2 Version 0.16 1999-01-31
70============================
71
721999-01-27: There is now one QBUF ioctl, VIDIOC_QWBUF and VIDIOC_QRBUF
73are gone. VIDIOC_QBUF takes a v4l2_buffer as a parameter. Added
74digital zoom (cropping) controls.
75
76
77V4L2 Version 0.18 1999-03-16
78============================
79
80Added a v4l to V4L2 ioctl compatibility layer to videodev.c. Driver
81writers, this changes how you implement your ioctl handler. See the
82Driver Writer's Guide. Added some more control id codes.
83
84
85V4L2 Version 0.19 1999-06-05
86============================
87
881999-03-18: Fill in the category and catname fields of v4l2_queryctrl
89objects before passing them to the driver. Required a minor change to
90the VIDIOC_QUERYCTRL handlers in the sample drivers.
91
921999-03-31: Better compatibility for v4l memory capture ioctls. Requires
93changes to drivers to fully support new compatibility features, see
94Driver Writer's Guide and v4l2cap.c. Added new control IDs:
95V4L2_CID_HFLIP, _VFLIP. Changed V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV422P to _YUV422P,
96and _YUV411P to _YUV411P.
97
981999-04-04: Added a few more control IDs.
99
1001999-04-07: Added the button control type.
101
1021999-05-02: Fixed a typo in videodev.h, and added the
103V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_GRAYED (later V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_GRABBED) flag.
104
1051999-05-20: Definition of VIDIOC_G_CTRL was wrong causing a
106malfunction of this ioctl.
107
1081999-06-05: Changed the value of V4L2_CID_WHITENESS.
109
110
111V4L2 Version 0.20 (1999-09-10)
112==============================
113
114Version 0.20 introduced a number of changes which were *not backward
115compatible* with 0.19 and earlier versions. Purpose of these changes was
116to simplify the API, while making it more extensible and following
117common Linux driver API conventions.
118
1191. Some typos in ``V4L2_FMT_FLAG`` symbols were fixed. struct v4l2_clip
120   was changed for compatibility with v4l. (1999-08-30)
121
1222. ``V4L2_TUNER_SUB_LANG1`` was added. (1999-09-05)
123
1243. All ioctl() commands that used an integer argument now take a pointer
125   to an integer. Where it makes sense, ioctls will return the actual
126   new value in the integer pointed to by the argument, a common
127   convention in the V4L2 API. The affected ioctls are: VIDIOC_PREVIEW,
128   VIDIOC_STREAMON, VIDIOC_STREAMOFF, VIDIOC_S_FREQ,
129   VIDIOC_S_INPUT, VIDIOC_S_OUTPUT, VIDIOC_S_EFFECT. For example
130
131
132   .. code-block:: c
133
134       err = ioctl (fd, VIDIOC_XXX, V4L2_XXX);
135
136   becomes
137
138
139   .. code-block:: c
140
141       int a = V4L2_XXX; err = ioctl(fd, VIDIOC_XXX, &a);
142
1434. All the different get- and set-format commands were swept into one
144   :ref:`VIDIOC_G_FMT <VIDIOC_G_FMT>` and
145   :ref:`VIDIOC_S_FMT <VIDIOC_G_FMT>` ioctl taking a union and a
146   type field selecting the union member as parameter. Purpose is to
147   simplify the API by eliminating several ioctls and to allow new and
148   driver private data streams without adding new ioctls.
149
150   This change obsoletes the following ioctls: ``VIDIOC_S_INFMT``,
151   ``VIDIOC_G_INFMT``, ``VIDIOC_S_OUTFMT``, ``VIDIOC_G_OUTFMT``,
152   ``VIDIOC_S_VBIFMT`` and ``VIDIOC_G_VBIFMT``. The image format
153   struct v4l2_format was renamed to struct v4l2_pix_format, while
154   struct v4l2_format is now the envelopping structure
155   for all format negotiations.
156
1575. Similar to the changes above, the ``VIDIOC_G_PARM`` and
158   ``VIDIOC_S_PARM`` ioctls were merged with ``VIDIOC_G_OUTPARM`` and
159   ``VIDIOC_S_OUTPARM``. A ``type`` field in the new struct v4l2_streamparm
160   selects the respective union member.
161
162   This change obsoletes the ``VIDIOC_G_OUTPARM`` and
163   ``VIDIOC_S_OUTPARM`` ioctls.
164
1656. Control enumeration was simplified, and two new control flags were
166   introduced and one dropped. The ``catname`` field was replaced by a
167   ``group`` field.
168
169   Drivers can now flag unsupported and temporarily unavailable controls
170   with ``V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_DISABLED`` and ``V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_GRABBED``
171   respectively. The ``group`` name indicates a possibly narrower
172   classification than the ``category``. In other words, there may be
173   multiple groups within a category. Controls within a group would
174   typically be drawn within a group box. Controls in different
175   categories might have a greater separation, or may even appear in
176   separate windows.
177
1787. The struct v4l2_buffer ``timestamp`` was
179   changed to a 64 bit integer, containing the sampling or output time
180   of the frame in nanoseconds. Additionally timestamps will be in
181   absolute system time, not starting from zero at the beginning of a
182   stream. The data type name for timestamps is stamp_t, defined as a
183   signed 64-bit integer. Output devices should not send a buffer out
184   until the time in the timestamp field has arrived. I would like to
185   follow SGI's lead, and adopt a multimedia timestamping system like
186   their UST (Unadjusted System Time). See
187   http://web.archive.org/web/\*/http://reality.sgi.com
188   /cpirazzi_engr/lg/time/intro.html. UST uses timestamps that are
189   64-bit signed integers (not struct timeval's) and given in nanosecond
190   units. The UST clock starts at zero when the system is booted and
191   runs continuously and uniformly. It takes a little over 292 years for
192   UST to overflow. There is no way to set the UST clock. The regular
193   Linux time-of-day clock can be changed periodically, which would
194   cause errors if it were being used for timestamping a multimedia
195   stream. A real UST style clock will require some support in the
196   kernel that is not there yet. But in anticipation, I will change the
197   timestamp field to a 64-bit integer, and I will change the
198   v4l2_masterclock_gettime() function (used only by drivers) to
199   return a 64-bit integer.
200
2018. A ``sequence`` field was added to struct v4l2_buffer. The ``sequence``
202   field counts captured frames, it is ignored by output devices. When a
203   capture driver drops a frame, the sequence number of that frame is skipped.
204
205
206V4L2 Version 0.20 incremental changes
207=====================================
208
2091999-12-23: In struct v4l2_vbi_format the
210``reserved1`` field became ``offset``. Previously drivers were required
211to clear the ``reserved1`` field.
212
2132000-01-13: The ``V4L2_FMT_FLAG_NOT_INTERLACED`` flag was added.
214
2152000-07-31: The ``linux/poll.h`` header is now included by
216``videodev.h`` for compatibility with the original ``videodev.h`` file.
217
2182000-11-20: ``V4L2_TYPE_VBI_OUTPUT`` and ``V4L2_PIX_FMT_Y41P`` were
219added.
220
2212000-11-25: ``V4L2_TYPE_VBI_INPUT`` was added.
222
2232000-12-04: A couple typos in symbol names were fixed.
224
2252001-01-18: To avoid namespace conflicts the ``fourcc`` macro defined in
226the ``videodev.h`` header file was renamed to ``v4l2_fourcc``.
227
2282001-01-25: A possible driver-level compatibility problem between the
229``videodev.h`` file in Linux 2.4.0 and the ``videodev.h`` file included
230in the ``videodevX`` patch was fixed. Users of an earlier version of
231``videodevX`` on Linux 2.4.0 should recompile their V4L and V4L2
232drivers.
233
2342001-01-26: A possible kernel-level incompatibility between the
235``videodev.h`` file in the ``videodevX`` patch and the ``videodev.h``
236file in Linux 2.2.x with devfs patches applied was fixed.
237
2382001-03-02: Certain V4L ioctls which pass data in both direction
239although they are defined with read-only parameter, did not work
240correctly through the backward compatibility layer. [Solution?]
241
2422001-04-13: Big endian 16-bit RGB formats were added.
243
2442001-09-17: New YUV formats and the
245:ref:`VIDIOC_G_FREQUENCY <VIDIOC_G_FREQUENCY>` and
246:ref:`VIDIOC_S_FREQUENCY <VIDIOC_G_FREQUENCY>` ioctls were added.
247(The old ``VIDIOC_G_FREQ`` and ``VIDIOC_S_FREQ`` ioctls did not take
248multiple tuners into account.)
249
2502000-09-18: ``V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VBI`` was added. This may *break
251compatibility* as the :ref:`VIDIOC_G_FMT <VIDIOC_G_FMT>` and
252:ref:`VIDIOC_S_FMT <VIDIOC_G_FMT>` ioctls may fail now if the
253struct ``v4l2_fmt`` ``type`` field does not contain
254``V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VBI``. In the documentation of the struct v4l2_vbi_format`,
255the ``offset`` field the ambiguous phrase "rising edge" was changed to
256"leading edge".
257
258V4L2 Version 0.20 2000-11-23
259============================
260
261A number of changes were made to the raw VBI interface.
262
2631. Figures clarifying the line numbering scheme were added to the V4L2
264   API specification. The ``start``\ [0] and ``start``\ [1] fields no
265   longer count line numbers beginning at zero. Rationale: a) The
266   previous definition was unclear. b) The ``start``\ [] values are
267   ordinal numbers. c) There is no point in inventing a new line
268   numbering scheme. We now use line number as defined by ITU-R, period.
269   Compatibility: Add one to the start values. Applications depending on
270   the previous semantics may not function correctly.
271
2722. The restriction "count[0] > 0 and count[1] > 0" has been relaxed to
273   "(count[0] + count[1]) > 0". Rationale: Drivers may allocate
274   resources at scan line granularity and some data services are
275   transmitted only on the first field. The comment that both ``count``
276   values will usually be equal is misleading and pointless and has been
277   removed. This change *breaks compatibility* with earlier versions:
278   Drivers may return ``EINVAL``, applications may not function correctly.
279
2803. Drivers are again permitted to return negative (unknown) start values
281   as proposed earlier. Why this feature was dropped is unclear. This
282   change may *break compatibility* with applications depending on the
283   start values being positive. The use of ``EBUSY`` and ``EINVAL``
284   error codes with the :ref:`VIDIOC_S_FMT <VIDIOC_G_FMT>` ioctl was
285   clarified. The ``EBUSY`` error code was finally documented, and the
286   ``reserved2`` field which was previously mentioned only in the
287   ``videodev.h`` header file.
288
2894. New buffer types ``V4L2_TYPE_VBI_INPUT`` and ``V4L2_TYPE_VBI_OUTPUT``
290   were added. The former is an alias for the old ``V4L2_TYPE_VBI``, the
291   latter was missing in the ``videodev.h`` file.
292
293
294V4L2 Version 0.20 2002-07-25
295============================
296
297Added sliced VBI interface proposal.
298
299
300V4L2 in Linux 2.5.46, 2002-10
301=============================
302
303Around October-November 2002, prior to an announced feature freeze of
304Linux 2.5, the API was revised, drawing from experience with V4L2 0.20.
305This unnamed version was finally merged into Linux 2.5.46.
306
3071.  As specified in :ref:`related`, drivers must make related device
308    functions available under all minor device numbers.
309
3102.  The :ref:`open() <func-open>` function requires access mode
311    ``O_RDWR`` regardless of the device type. All V4L2 drivers
312    exchanging data with applications must support the ``O_NONBLOCK``
313    flag. The ``O_NOIO`` flag, a V4L2 symbol which aliased the
314    meaningless ``O_TRUNC`` to indicate accesses without data exchange
315    (panel applications) was dropped. Drivers must stay in "panel mode"
316    until the application attempts to initiate a data exchange, see
317    :ref:`open`.
318
3193.  The struct v4l2_capability changed
320    dramatically. Note that also the size of the structure changed,
321    which is encoded in the ioctl request code, thus older V4L2 devices
322    will respond with an ``EINVAL`` error code to the new
323    :ref:`VIDIOC_QUERYCAP` ioctl.
324
325    There are new fields to identify the driver, a new RDS device
326    function ``V4L2_CAP_RDS_CAPTURE``, the ``V4L2_CAP_AUDIO`` flag
327    indicates if the device has any audio connectors, another I/O
328    capability ``V4L2_CAP_ASYNCIO`` can be flagged. In response to these
329    changes the ``type`` field became a bit set and was merged into the
330    ``flags`` field. ``V4L2_FLAG_TUNER`` was renamed to
331    ``V4L2_CAP_TUNER``, ``V4L2_CAP_VIDEO_OVERLAY`` replaced
332    ``V4L2_FLAG_PREVIEW`` and ``V4L2_CAP_VBI_CAPTURE`` and
333    ``V4L2_CAP_VBI_OUTPUT`` replaced ``V4L2_FLAG_DATA_SERVICE``.
334    ``V4L2_FLAG_READ`` and ``V4L2_FLAG_WRITE`` were merged into
335    ``V4L2_CAP_READWRITE``.
336
337    The redundant fields ``inputs``, ``outputs`` and ``audios`` were
338    removed. These properties can be determined as described in
339    :ref:`video` and :ref:`audio`.
340
341    The somewhat volatile and therefore barely useful fields
342    ``maxwidth``, ``maxheight``, ``minwidth``, ``minheight``,
343    ``maxframerate`` were removed. This information is available as
344    described in :ref:`format` and :ref:`standard`.
345
346    ``V4L2_FLAG_SELECT`` was removed. We believe the select() function
347    is important enough to require support of it in all V4L2 drivers
348    exchanging data with applications. The redundant
349    ``V4L2_FLAG_MONOCHROME`` flag was removed, this information is
350    available as described in :ref:`format`.
351
3524.  In struct v4l2_input the ``assoc_audio``
353    field and the ``capability`` field and its only flag
354    ``V4L2_INPUT_CAP_AUDIO`` was replaced by the new ``audioset`` field.
355    Instead of linking one video input to one audio input this field
356    reports all audio inputs this video input combines with.
357
358    New fields are ``tuner`` (reversing the former link from tuners to
359    video inputs), ``std`` and ``status``.
360
361    Accordingly struct v4l2_output lost its
362    ``capability`` and ``assoc_audio`` fields. ``audioset``,
363    ``modulator`` and ``std`` where added instead.
364
3655.  The struct v4l2_audio field ``audio`` was
366    renamed to ``index``, for consistency with other structures. A new
367    capability flag ``V4L2_AUDCAP_STEREO`` was added to indicated if the
368    audio input in question supports stereo sound.
369    ``V4L2_AUDCAP_EFFECTS`` and the corresponding ``V4L2_AUDMODE`` flags
370    where removed. This can be easily implemented using controls.
371    (However the same applies to AVL which is still there.)
372
373    Again for consistency the struct v4l2_audioout field ``audio`` was renamed
374    to ``index``.
375
3766.  The struct v4l2_tuner ``input`` field was
377    replaced by an ``index`` field, permitting devices with multiple
378    tuners. The link between video inputs and tuners is now reversed,
379    inputs point to their tuner. The ``std`` substructure became a
380    simple set (more about this below) and moved into struct v4l2_input.
381    A ``type`` field was added.
382
383    Accordingly in struct v4l2_modulator the
384    ``output`` was replaced by an ``index`` field.
385
386    In struct v4l2_frequency the ``port``
387    field was replaced by a ``tuner`` field containing the respective
388    tuner or modulator index number. A tuner ``type`` field was added
389    and the ``reserved`` field became larger for future extensions
390    (satellite tuners in particular).
391
3927.  The idea of completely transparent video standards was dropped.
393    Experience showed that applications must be able to work with video
394    standards beyond presenting the user a menu. Instead of enumerating
395    supported standards with an ioctl applications can now refer to
396    standards by :ref:`v4l2_std_id <v4l2-std-id>` and symbols
397    defined in the ``videodev2.h`` header file. For details see
398    :ref:`standard`. The :ref:`VIDIOC_G_STD <VIDIOC_G_STD>` and
399    :ref:`VIDIOC_S_STD <VIDIOC_G_STD>` now take a pointer to this
400    type as argument. :ref:`VIDIOC_QUERYSTD` was
401    added to autodetect the received standard, if the hardware has this
402    capability. In struct v4l2_standard an
403    ``index`` field was added for
404    :ref:`VIDIOC_ENUMSTD`. A
405    :ref:`v4l2_std_id <v4l2-std-id>` field named ``id`` was added as
406    machine readable identifier, also replacing the ``transmission``
407    field. The misleading ``framerate`` field was renamed to
408    ``frameperiod``. The now obsolete ``colorstandard`` information,
409    originally needed to distguish between variations of standards, were
410    removed.
411
412    Struct ``v4l2_enumstd`` ceased to be.
413    :ref:`VIDIOC_ENUMSTD` now takes a pointer to a
414    struct v4l2_standard directly. The
415    information which standards are supported by a particular video
416    input or output moved into struct v4l2_input
417    and struct v4l2_output fields named ``std``,
418    respectively.
419
4208.  The struct :ref:`v4l2_queryctrl <v4l2-queryctrl>` fields
421    ``category`` and ``group`` did not catch on and/or were not
422    implemented as expected and therefore removed.
423
4249.  The :ref:`VIDIOC_TRY_FMT <VIDIOC_G_FMT>` ioctl was added to
425    negotiate data formats as with
426    :ref:`VIDIOC_S_FMT <VIDIOC_G_FMT>`, but without the overhead of
427    programming the hardware and regardless of I/O in progress.
428
429    In struct v4l2_format the ``fmt`` union was
430    extended to contain struct v4l2_window. All
431    image format negotiations are now possible with ``VIDIOC_G_FMT``,
432    ``VIDIOC_S_FMT`` and ``VIDIOC_TRY_FMT``; ioctl. The ``VIDIOC_G_WIN``
433    and ``VIDIOC_S_WIN`` ioctls to prepare for a video overlay were
434    removed. The ``type`` field changed to type enum v4l2_buf_type and
435    the buffer type names changed as follows.
436
437
438
439    .. flat-table::
440	:header-rows:  1
441	:stub-columns: 0
442
443	* - Old defines
444	  - enum v4l2_buf_type
445	* - ``V4L2_BUF_TYPE_CAPTURE``
446	  - ``V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE``
447	* - ``V4L2_BUF_TYPE_CODECIN``
448	  - Omitted for now
449	* - ``V4L2_BUF_TYPE_CODECOUT``
450	  - Omitted for now
451	* - ``V4L2_BUF_TYPE_EFFECTSIN``
452	  - Omitted for now
453	* - ``V4L2_BUF_TYPE_EFFECTSIN2``
454	  - Omitted for now
455	* - ``V4L2_BUF_TYPE_EFFECTSOUT``
456	  - Omitted for now
457	* - ``V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEOOUT``
458	  - ``V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_OUTPUT``
459	* - ``-``
460	  - ``V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_OVERLAY``
461	* - ``-``
462	  - ``V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VBI_CAPTURE``
463	* - ``-``
464	  - ``V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VBI_OUTPUT``
465	* - ``-``
466	  - ``V4L2_BUF_TYPE_SLICED_VBI_CAPTURE``
467	* - ``-``
468	  - ``V4L2_BUF_TYPE_SLICED_VBI_OUTPUT``
469	* - ``V4L2_BUF_TYPE_PRIVATE_BASE``
470	  - ``V4L2_BUF_TYPE_PRIVATE`` (but this is deprecated)
471
47210. In struct v4l2_fmtdesc a enum v4l2_buf_type field named ``type`` was
473    added as in struct v4l2_format. The ``VIDIOC_ENUM_FBUFFMT`` ioctl is no
474    longer needed and was removed. These calls can be replaced by
475    :ref:`VIDIOC_ENUM_FMT` with type ``V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_OVERLAY``.
476
47711. In struct v4l2_pix_format the ``depth``
478    field was removed, assuming applications which recognize the format
479    by its four-character-code already know the color depth, and others
480    do not care about it. The same rationale lead to the removal of the
481    ``V4L2_FMT_FLAG_COMPRESSED`` flag. The
482    ``V4L2_FMT_FLAG_SWCONVECOMPRESSED`` flag was removed because drivers
483    are not supposed to convert images in kernel space. A user library
484    of conversion functions should be provided instead. The
485    ``V4L2_FMT_FLAG_BYTESPERLINE`` flag was redundant. Applications can
486    set the ``bytesperline`` field to zero to get a reasonable default.
487    Since the remaining flags were replaced as well, the ``flags`` field
488    itself was removed.
489
490    The interlace flags were replaced by a enum v4l2_field value in a
491    newly added ``field`` field.
492
493    .. flat-table::
494	:header-rows:  1
495	:stub-columns: 0
496
497	* - Old flag
498	  - enum v4l2_field
499	* - ``V4L2_FMT_FLAG_NOT_INTERLACED``
500	  - ?
501	* - ``V4L2_FMT_FLAG_INTERLACED`` = ``V4L2_FMT_FLAG_COMBINED``
502	  - ``V4L2_FIELD_INTERLACED``
503	* - ``V4L2_FMT_FLAG_TOPFIELD`` = ``V4L2_FMT_FLAG_ODDFIELD``
504	  - ``V4L2_FIELD_TOP``
505	* - ``V4L2_FMT_FLAG_BOTFIELD`` = ``V4L2_FMT_FLAG_EVENFIELD``
506	  - ``V4L2_FIELD_BOTTOM``
507	* - ``-``
508	  - ``V4L2_FIELD_SEQ_TB``
509	* - ``-``
510	  - ``V4L2_FIELD_SEQ_BT``
511	* - ``-``
512	  - ``V4L2_FIELD_ALTERNATE``
513
514    The color space flags were replaced by a enum v4l2_colorspace value in
515    a newly added ``colorspace`` field, where one of
516    ``V4L2_COLORSPACE_SMPTE170M``, ``V4L2_COLORSPACE_BT878``,
517    ``V4L2_COLORSPACE_470_SYSTEM_M`` or
518    ``V4L2_COLORSPACE_470_SYSTEM_BG`` replaces ``V4L2_FMT_CS_601YUV``.
519
52012. In struct v4l2_requestbuffers the
521    ``type`` field was properly defined as enum v4l2_buf_type. Buffer types
522    changed as mentioned above. A new ``memory`` field of type
523    enum v4l2_memory was added to distinguish between
524    I/O methods using buffers allocated by the driver or the
525    application. See :ref:`io` for details.
526
52713. In struct v4l2_buffer the ``type`` field was
528    properly defined as enum v4l2_buf_type.
529    Buffer types changed as mentioned above. A ``field`` field of type
530    enum v4l2_field was added to indicate if a
531    buffer contains a top or bottom field. The old field flags were
532    removed. Since no unadjusted system time clock was added to the
533    kernel as planned, the ``timestamp`` field changed back from type
534    stamp_t, an unsigned 64 bit integer expressing the sample time in
535    nanoseconds, to struct timeval. With the addition
536    of a second memory mapping method the ``offset`` field moved into
537    union ``m``, and a new ``memory`` field of type enum v4l2_memory
538    was added to distinguish between
539    I/O methods. See :ref:`io` for details.
540
541    The ``V4L2_BUF_REQ_CONTIG`` flag was used by the V4L compatibility
542    layer, after changes to this code it was no longer needed. The
543    ``V4L2_BUF_ATTR_DEVICEMEM`` flag would indicate if the buffer was
544    indeed allocated in device memory rather than DMA-able system
545    memory. It was barely useful and so was removed.
546
54714. In struct v4l2_framebuffer the
548    ``base[3]`` array anticipating double- and triple-buffering in
549    off-screen video memory, however without defining a synchronization
550    mechanism, was replaced by a single pointer. The
551    ``V4L2_FBUF_CAP_SCALEUP`` and ``V4L2_FBUF_CAP_SCALEDOWN`` flags were
552    removed. Applications can determine this capability more accurately
553    using the new cropping and scaling interface. The
554    ``V4L2_FBUF_CAP_CLIPPING`` flag was replaced by
555    ``V4L2_FBUF_CAP_LIST_CLIPPING`` and
556    ``V4L2_FBUF_CAP_BITMAP_CLIPPING``.
557
55815. In struct v4l2_clip the ``x``, ``y``,
559    ``width`` and ``height`` field moved into a ``c`` substructure of
560    type struct v4l2_rect. The ``x`` and ``y``
561    fields were renamed to ``left`` and ``top``, i. e. offsets to a
562    context dependent origin.
563
56416. In struct v4l2_window the ``x``, ``y``,
565    ``width`` and ``height`` field moved into a ``w`` substructure as
566    above. A ``field`` field of type enum v4l2_field was added to
567    distinguish between field and frame (interlaced) overlay.
568
56917. The digital zoom interface, including struct ``v4l2_zoomcap``,
570    struct ``v4l2_zoom``, ``V4L2_ZOOM_NONCAP`` and
571    ``V4L2_ZOOM_WHILESTREAMING`` was replaced by a new cropping and
572    scaling interface. The previously unused
573    struct v4l2_cropcap and struct v4l2_crop
574    where redefined for this purpose. See :ref:`crop` for details.
575
57618. In struct v4l2_vbi_format the
577    ``SAMPLE_FORMAT`` field now contains a four-character-code as used
578    to identify video image formats and ``V4L2_PIX_FMT_GREY`` replaces
579    the ``V4L2_VBI_SF_UBYTE`` define. The ``reserved`` field was
580    extended.
581
58219. In struct v4l2_captureparm the type of
583    the ``timeperframe`` field changed from unsigned long to
584    struct v4l2_fract. This allows the accurate
585    expression of multiples of the NTSC-M frame rate 30000 / 1001. A new
586    field ``readbuffers`` was added to control the driver behaviour in
587    read I/O mode.
588
589    Similar changes were made to struct v4l2_outputparm.
590
59120. The struct ``v4l2_performance`` and
592    ``VIDIOC_G_PERF`` ioctl were dropped. Except when using the
593    :ref:`read/write I/O method <rw>`, which is limited anyway, this
594    information is already available to applications.
595
59621. The example transformation from RGB to YCbCr color space in the old
597    V4L2 documentation was inaccurate, this has been corrected in
598    :ref:`pixfmt`.
599
600
601V4L2 2003-06-19
602===============
603
6041. A new capability flag ``V4L2_CAP_RADIO`` was added for radio devices.
605   Prior to this change radio devices would identify solely by having
606   exactly one tuner whose type field reads ``V4L2_TUNER_RADIO``.
607
6082. An optional driver access priority mechanism was added, see
609   :ref:`app-pri` for details.
610
6113. The audio input and output interface was found to be incomplete.
612
613   Previously the :ref:`VIDIOC_G_AUDIO <VIDIOC_G_AUDIO>` ioctl would
614   enumerate the available audio inputs. An ioctl to determine the
615   current audio input, if more than one combines with the current video
616   input, did not exist. So ``VIDIOC_G_AUDIO`` was renamed to
617   ``VIDIOC_G_AUDIO_OLD``, this ioctl was removed on Kernel 2.6.39. The
618   :ref:`VIDIOC_ENUMAUDIO` ioctl was added to
619   enumerate audio inputs, while
620   :ref:`VIDIOC_G_AUDIO <VIDIOC_G_AUDIO>` now reports the current
621   audio input.
622
623   The same changes were made to
624   :ref:`VIDIOC_G_AUDOUT <VIDIOC_G_AUDOUT>` and
625   :ref:`VIDIOC_ENUMAUDOUT <VIDIOC_ENUMAUDOUT>`.
626
627   Until further the "videodev" module will automatically translate
628   between the old and new ioctls, but drivers and applications must be
629   updated to successfully compile again.
630
6314. The :ref:`VIDIOC_OVERLAY` ioctl was incorrectly
632   defined with write-read parameter. It was changed to write-only,
633   while the write-read version was renamed to ``VIDIOC_OVERLAY_OLD``.
634   The old ioctl was removed on Kernel 2.6.39. Until further the
635   "videodev" kernel module will automatically translate to the new
636   version, so drivers must be recompiled, but not applications.
637
6385. :ref:`overlay` incorrectly stated that clipping rectangles define
639   regions where the video can be seen. Correct is that clipping
640   rectangles define regions where *no* video shall be displayed and so
641   the graphics surface can be seen.
642
6436. The :ref:`VIDIOC_S_PARM <VIDIOC_G_PARM>` and
644   :ref:`VIDIOC_S_CTRL <VIDIOC_G_CTRL>` ioctls were defined with
645   write-only parameter, inconsistent with other ioctls modifying their
646   argument. They were changed to write-read, while a ``_OLD`` suffix
647   was added to the write-only versions. The old ioctls were removed on
648   Kernel 2.6.39. Drivers and applications assuming a constant parameter
649   need an update.
650
651
652V4L2 2003-11-05
653===============
654
6551. In :ref:`pixfmt-rgb` the following pixel formats were incorrectly
656   transferred from Bill Dirks' V4L2 specification. Descriptions below
657   refer to bytes in memory, in ascending address order.
658
659
660
661   .. flat-table::
662       :header-rows:  1
663       :stub-columns: 0
664
665       * - Symbol
666	 - In this document prior to revision 0.5
667	 - Corrected
668       * - ``V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB24``
669	 - B, G, R
670	 - R, G, B
671       * - ``V4L2_PIX_FMT_BGR24``
672	 - R, G, B
673	 - B, G, R
674       * - ``V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB32``
675	 - B, G, R, X
676	 - R, G, B, X
677       * - ``V4L2_PIX_FMT_BGR32``
678	 - R, G, B, X
679	 - B, G, R, X
680
681
682   The ``V4L2_PIX_FMT_BGR24`` example was always correct.
683
684   In :ref:`v4l-image-properties` the mapping of the V4L
685   ``VIDEO_PALETTE_RGB24`` and ``VIDEO_PALETTE_RGB32`` formats to V4L2
686   pixel formats was accordingly corrected.
687
6882. Unrelated to the fixes above, drivers may still interpret some V4L2
689   RGB pixel formats differently. These issues have yet to be addressed,
690   for details see :ref:`pixfmt-rgb`.
691
692
693V4L2 in Linux 2.6.6, 2004-05-09
694===============================
695
6961. The :ref:`VIDIOC_CROPCAP` ioctl was incorrectly
697   defined with read-only parameter. It is now defined as write-read
698   ioctl, while the read-only version was renamed to
699   ``VIDIOC_CROPCAP_OLD``. The old ioctl was removed on Kernel 2.6.39.
700
701
702V4L2 in Linux 2.6.8
703===================
704
7051. A new field ``input`` (former ``reserved[0]``) was added to the
706   struct v4l2_buffer. Purpose of this
707   field is to alternate between video inputs (e. g. cameras) in step
708   with the video capturing process. This function must be enabled with
709   the new ``V4L2_BUF_FLAG_INPUT`` flag. The ``flags`` field is no
710   longer read-only.
711
712
713V4L2 spec erratum 2004-08-01
714============================
715
7161. The return value of the :ref:`func-open` function was incorrectly
717   documented.
718
7192. Audio output ioctls end in -AUDOUT, not -AUDIOOUT.
720
7213. In the Current Audio Input example the ``VIDIOC_G_AUDIO`` ioctl took
722   the wrong argument.
723
7244. The documentation of the :ref:`VIDIOC_QBUF` and
725   :ref:`VIDIOC_DQBUF <VIDIOC_QBUF>` ioctls did not mention the
726   struct v4l2_buffer ``memory`` field. It was
727   also missing from examples. Also on the ``VIDIOC_DQBUF`` page the ``EIO``
728   error code was not documented.
729
730
731V4L2 in Linux 2.6.14
732====================
733
7341. A new sliced VBI interface was added. It is documented in
735   :ref:`sliced` and replaces the interface first proposed in V4L2
736   specification 0.8.
737
738
739V4L2 in Linux 2.6.15
740====================
741
7421. The :ref:`VIDIOC_LOG_STATUS` ioctl was added.
743
7442. New video standards ``V4L2_STD_NTSC_443``, ``V4L2_STD_SECAM_LC``,
745   ``V4L2_STD_SECAM_DK`` (a set of SECAM D, K and K1), and
746   ``V4L2_STD_ATSC`` (a set of ``V4L2_STD_ATSC_8_VSB`` and
747   ``V4L2_STD_ATSC_16_VSB``) were defined. Note the ``V4L2_STD_525_60``
748   set now includes ``V4L2_STD_NTSC_443``. See also
749   :ref:`v4l2-std-id`.
750
7513. The ``VIDIOC_G_COMP`` and ``VIDIOC_S_COMP`` ioctl were renamed to
752   ``VIDIOC_G_MPEGCOMP`` and ``VIDIOC_S_MPEGCOMP`` respectively. Their
753   argument was replaced by a struct
754   ``v4l2_mpeg_compression`` pointer. (The
755   ``VIDIOC_G_MPEGCOMP`` and ``VIDIOC_S_MPEGCOMP`` ioctls where removed
756   in Linux 2.6.25.)
757
758
759V4L2 spec erratum 2005-11-27
760============================
761
762The capture example in :ref:`capture-example` called the
763:ref:`VIDIOC_S_CROP <VIDIOC_G_CROP>` ioctl without checking if
764cropping is supported. In the video standard selection example in
765:ref:`standard` the :ref:`VIDIOC_S_STD <VIDIOC_G_STD>` call used
766the wrong argument type.
767
768
769V4L2 spec erratum 2006-01-10
770============================
771
7721. The ``V4L2_IN_ST_COLOR_KILL`` flag in struct v4l2_input not only
773   indicates if the color killer is enabled, but also if it is active.
774   (The color killer disables color decoding when it detects no color
775   in the video signal to improve the image quality.)
776
7772. :ref:`VIDIOC_S_PARM <VIDIOC_G_PARM>` is a write-read ioctl, not
778   write-only as stated on its reference page. The ioctl changed in 2003
779   as noted above.
780
781
782V4L2 spec erratum 2006-02-03
783============================
784
7851. In struct v4l2_captureparm and struct v4l2_outputparm the ``timeperframe``
786   field gives the time in seconds, not microseconds.
787
788
789V4L2 spec erratum 2006-02-04
790============================
791
7921. The ``clips`` field in struct v4l2_window
793   must point to an array of struct v4l2_clip, not
794   a linked list, because drivers ignore the
795   struct v4l2_clip. ``next`` pointer.
796
797V4L2 in Linux 2.6.17
798====================
799
8001. New video standard macros were added: ``V4L2_STD_NTSC_M_KR`` (NTSC M
801   South Korea), and the sets ``V4L2_STD_MN``, ``V4L2_STD_B``,
802   ``V4L2_STD_GH`` and ``V4L2_STD_DK``. The ``V4L2_STD_NTSC`` and
803   ``V4L2_STD_SECAM`` sets now include ``V4L2_STD_NTSC_M_KR`` and
804   ``V4L2_STD_SECAM_LC`` respectively.
805
8062. A new ``V4L2_TUNER_MODE_LANG1_LANG2`` was defined to record both
807   languages of a bilingual program. The use of
808   ``V4L2_TUNER_MODE_STEREO`` for this purpose is deprecated now. See
809   the :ref:`VIDIOC_G_TUNER <VIDIOC_G_TUNER>` section for details.
810
811
812V4L2 spec erratum 2006-09-23 (Draft 0.15)
813=========================================
814
8151. In various places ``V4L2_BUF_TYPE_SLICED_VBI_CAPTURE`` and
816   ``V4L2_BUF_TYPE_SLICED_VBI_OUTPUT`` of the sliced VBI interface were
817   not mentioned along with other buffer types.
818
8192. In :ref:`VIDIOC_G_AUDIO <VIDIOC_G_AUDIO>` it was clarified that the
820   struct v4l2_audio ``mode`` field is a flags field.
821
8223. :ref:`VIDIOC_QUERYCAP` did not mention the sliced VBI and radio
823   capability flags.
824
8254. In :ref:`VIDIOC_G_FREQUENCY <VIDIOC_G_FREQUENCY>` it was clarified that
826   applications must initialize the tuner ``type`` field of
827   struct v4l2_frequency before calling
828   :ref:`VIDIOC_S_FREQUENCY <VIDIOC_G_FREQUENCY>`.
829
8305. The ``reserved`` array in struct v4l2_requestbuffers has 2 elements,
831   not 32.
832
8336. In :ref:`output` and :ref:`raw-vbi` the device file names
834   ``/dev/vout`` which never caught on were replaced by ``/dev/video``.
835
8367. With Linux 2.6.15 the possible range for VBI device minor numbers was
837   extended from 224-239 to 224-255. Accordingly device file names
838   ``/dev/vbi0`` to ``/dev/vbi31`` are possible now.
839
840
841V4L2 in Linux 2.6.18
842====================
843
8441. New ioctls :ref:`VIDIOC_G_EXT_CTRLS <VIDIOC_G_EXT_CTRLS>`,
845   :ref:`VIDIOC_S_EXT_CTRLS <VIDIOC_G_EXT_CTRLS>` and
846   :ref:`VIDIOC_TRY_EXT_CTRLS <VIDIOC_G_EXT_CTRLS>` were added, a
847   flag to skip unsupported controls with
848   :ref:`VIDIOC_QUERYCTRL`, new control types
849   ``V4L2_CTRL_TYPE_INTEGER64`` and ``V4L2_CTRL_TYPE_CTRL_CLASS``
850   (enum v4l2_ctrl_type), and new control flags
851   ``V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_READ_ONLY``, ``V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_UPDATE``,
852   ``V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_INACTIVE`` and ``V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_SLIDER``
853   (:ref:`control-flags`). See :ref:`extended-controls` for details.
854
855
856V4L2 in Linux 2.6.19
857====================
858
8591. In struct v4l2_sliced_vbi_cap a
860   buffer type field was added replacing a reserved field. Note on
861   architectures where the size of enum types differs from int types the
862   size of the structure changed. The
863   :ref:`VIDIOC_G_SLICED_VBI_CAP <VIDIOC_G_SLICED_VBI_CAP>` ioctl
864   was redefined from being read-only to write-read. Applications must
865   initialize the type field and clear the reserved fields now. These
866   changes may *break the compatibility* with older drivers and
867   applications.
868
8692. The ioctls :ref:`VIDIOC_ENUM_FRAMESIZES`
870   and
871   :ref:`VIDIOC_ENUM_FRAMEINTERVALS`
872   were added.
873
8743. A new pixel format ``V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB444`` (:ref:`pixfmt-rgb`) was
875   added.
876
877
878V4L2 spec erratum 2006-10-12 (Draft 0.17)
879=========================================
880
8811. ``V4L2_PIX_FMT_HM12`` (:ref:`reserved-formats`) is a YUV 4:2:0, not
882   4:2:2 format.
883
884
885V4L2 in Linux 2.6.21
886====================
887
8881. The ``videodev2.h`` header file is now dual licensed under GNU
889   General Public License version two or later, and under a 3-clause
890   BSD-style license.
891
892
893V4L2 in Linux 2.6.22
894====================
895
8961. Two new field orders ``V4L2_FIELD_INTERLACED_TB`` and
897   ``V4L2_FIELD_INTERLACED_BT`` were added. See enum v4l2_field for
898   details.
899
9002. Three new clipping/blending methods with a global or straight or
901   inverted local alpha value were added to the video overlay interface.
902   See the description of the :ref:`VIDIOC_G_FBUF <VIDIOC_G_FBUF>`
903   and :ref:`VIDIOC_S_FBUF <VIDIOC_G_FBUF>` ioctls for details.
904
905   A new ``global_alpha`` field was added to struct v4l2_window,
906   extending the structure. This may **break compatibility** with
907   applications using a struct v4l2_window directly. However the
908   :ref:`VIDIOC_G/S/TRY_FMT <VIDIOC_G_FMT>` ioctls, which take a
909   pointer to a struct v4l2_format parent structure
910   with padding bytes at the end, are not affected.
911
9123. The format of the ``chromakey`` field in struct v4l2_window changed from
913   "host order RGB32" to a pixel value in the same format as the framebuffer.
914   This may **break compatibility** with existing applications. Drivers
915   supporting the "host order RGB32" format are not known.
916
917
918V4L2 in Linux 2.6.24
919====================
920
9211. The pixel formats ``V4L2_PIX_FMT_PAL8``, ``V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV444``,
922   ``V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV555``, ``V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV565`` and
923   ``V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV32`` were added.
924
925
926V4L2 in Linux 2.6.25
927====================
928
9291. The pixel formats :ref:`V4L2_PIX_FMT_Y16 <V4L2-PIX-FMT-Y16>` and
930   :ref:`V4L2_PIX_FMT_SBGGR16 <V4L2-PIX-FMT-SBGGR16>` were added.
931
9322. New :ref:`controls <control>` ``V4L2_CID_POWER_LINE_FREQUENCY``,
933   ``V4L2_CID_HUE_AUTO``, ``V4L2_CID_WHITE_BALANCE_TEMPERATURE``,
934   ``V4L2_CID_SHARPNESS`` and ``V4L2_CID_BACKLIGHT_COMPENSATION`` were
935   added. The controls ``V4L2_CID_BLACK_LEVEL``, ``V4L2_CID_WHITENESS``,
936   ``V4L2_CID_HCENTER`` and ``V4L2_CID_VCENTER`` were deprecated.
937
9383. A :ref:`Camera controls class <camera-controls>` was added, with
939   the new controls ``V4L2_CID_EXPOSURE_AUTO``,
940   ``V4L2_CID_EXPOSURE_ABSOLUTE``, ``V4L2_CID_EXPOSURE_AUTO_PRIORITY``,
941   ``V4L2_CID_PAN_RELATIVE``, ``V4L2_CID_TILT_RELATIVE``,
942   ``V4L2_CID_PAN_RESET``, ``V4L2_CID_TILT_RESET``,
943   ``V4L2_CID_PAN_ABSOLUTE``, ``V4L2_CID_TILT_ABSOLUTE``,
944   ``V4L2_CID_FOCUS_ABSOLUTE``, ``V4L2_CID_FOCUS_RELATIVE`` and
945   ``V4L2_CID_FOCUS_AUTO``.
946
9474. The ``VIDIOC_G_MPEGCOMP`` and ``VIDIOC_S_MPEGCOMP`` ioctls, which
948   were superseded by the :ref:`extended controls <extended-controls>`
949   interface in Linux 2.6.18, where finally removed from the
950   ``videodev2.h`` header file.
951
952
953V4L2 in Linux 2.6.26
954====================
955
9561. The pixel formats ``V4L2_PIX_FMT_Y16`` and ``V4L2_PIX_FMT_SBGGR16``
957   were added.
958
9592. Added user controls ``V4L2_CID_CHROMA_AGC`` and
960   ``V4L2_CID_COLOR_KILLER``.
961
962
963V4L2 in Linux 2.6.27
964====================
965
9661. The :ref:`VIDIOC_S_HW_FREQ_SEEK` ioctl
967   and the ``V4L2_CAP_HW_FREQ_SEEK`` capability were added.
968
9692. The pixel formats ``V4L2_PIX_FMT_YVYU``, ``V4L2_PIX_FMT_PCA501``,
970   ``V4L2_PIX_FMT_PCA505``, ``V4L2_PIX_FMT_PCA508``,
971   ``V4L2_PIX_FMT_PCA561``, ``V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGBRG8``,
972   ``V4L2_PIX_FMT_PAC207`` and ``V4L2_PIX_FMT_PJPG`` were added.
973
974
975V4L2 in Linux 2.6.28
976====================
977
9781. Added ``V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_ENCODING_AAC`` and
979   ``V4L2_MPEG_AUDIO_ENCODING_AC3`` MPEG audio encodings.
980
9812. Added ``V4L2_MPEG_VIDEO_ENCODING_MPEG_4_AVC`` MPEG video encoding.
982
9833. The pixel formats ``V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGRBG10`` and
984   ``V4L2_PIX_FMT_SGRBG10DPCM8`` were added.
985
986
987V4L2 in Linux 2.6.29
988====================
989
9901. The ``VIDIOC_G_CHIP_IDENT`` ioctl was renamed to
991   ``VIDIOC_G_CHIP_IDENT_OLD`` and ``VIDIOC_DBG_G_CHIP_IDENT`` was
992   introduced in its place. The old struct ``v4l2_chip_ident`` was renamed to
993   struct ``v4l2_chip_ident_old``.
994
9952. The pixel formats ``V4L2_PIX_FMT_VYUY``, ``V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV16`` and
996   ``V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV61`` were added.
997
9983. Added camera controls ``V4L2_CID_ZOOM_ABSOLUTE``,
999   ``V4L2_CID_ZOOM_RELATIVE``, ``V4L2_CID_ZOOM_CONTINUOUS`` and
1000   ``V4L2_CID_PRIVACY``.
1001
1002
1003V4L2 in Linux 2.6.30
1004====================
1005
10061. New control flag ``V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_WRITE_ONLY`` was added.
1007
10082. New control ``V4L2_CID_COLORFX`` was added.
1009
1010
1011V4L2 in Linux 2.6.32
1012====================
1013
10141. In order to be easier to compare a V4L2 API and a kernel version, now
1015   V4L2 API is numbered using the Linux Kernel version numeration.
1016
10172. Finalized the RDS capture API. See :ref:`rds` for more information.
1018
10193. Added new capabilities for modulators and RDS encoders.
1020
10214. Add description for libv4l API.
1022
10235. Added support for string controls via new type
1024   ``V4L2_CTRL_TYPE_STRING``.
1025
10266. Added ``V4L2_CID_BAND_STOP_FILTER`` documentation.
1027
10287. Added FM Modulator (FM TX) Extended Control Class:
1029   ``V4L2_CTRL_CLASS_FM_TX`` and their Control IDs.
1030
10318. Added FM Receiver (FM RX) Extended Control Class:
1032   ``V4L2_CTRL_CLASS_FM_RX`` and their Control IDs.
1033
10349. Added Remote Controller chapter, describing the default Remote
1035   Controller mapping for media devices.
1036
1037
1038V4L2 in Linux 2.6.33
1039====================
1040
10411. Added support for Digital Video timings in order to support HDTV
1042   receivers and transmitters.
1043
1044
1045V4L2 in Linux 2.6.34
1046====================
1047
10481. Added ``V4L2_CID_IRIS_ABSOLUTE`` and ``V4L2_CID_IRIS_RELATIVE``
1049   controls to the :ref:`Camera controls class <camera-controls>`.
1050
1051
1052V4L2 in Linux 2.6.37
1053====================
1054
10551. Remove the vtx (videotext/teletext) API. This API was no longer used
1056   and no hardware exists to verify the API. Nor were any userspace
1057   applications found that used it. It was originally scheduled for
1058   removal in 2.6.35.
1059
1060
1061V4L2 in Linux 2.6.39
1062====================
1063
10641. The old VIDIOC_*_OLD symbols and V4L1 support were removed.
1065
10662. Multi-planar API added. Does not affect the compatibility of current
1067   drivers and applications. See :ref:`multi-planar API <planar-apis>`
1068   for details.
1069
1070
1071V4L2 in Linux 3.1
1072=================
1073
10741. VIDIOC_QUERYCAP now returns a per-subsystem version instead of a
1075   per-driver one.
1076
1077   Standardize an error code for invalid ioctl.
1078
1079   Added V4L2_CTRL_TYPE_BITMASK.
1080
1081
1082V4L2 in Linux 3.2
1083=================
1084
10851. V4L2_CTRL_FLAG_VOLATILE was added to signal volatile controls to
1086   userspace.
1087
10882. Add selection API for extended control over cropping and composing.
1089   Does not affect the compatibility of current drivers and
1090   applications. See :ref:`selection API <selection-api>` for details.
1091
1092
1093V4L2 in Linux 3.3
1094=================
1095
10961. Added ``V4L2_CID_ALPHA_COMPONENT`` control to the
1097   :ref:`User controls class <control>`.
1098
10992. Added the device_caps field to struct v4l2_capabilities and added
1100   the new V4L2_CAP_DEVICE_CAPS capability.
1101
1102
1103V4L2 in Linux 3.4
1104=================
1105
11061. Added :ref:`JPEG compression control class <jpeg-controls>`.
1107
11082. Extended the DV Timings API:
1109   :ref:`VIDIOC_ENUM_DV_TIMINGS`,
1110   :ref:`VIDIOC_QUERY_DV_TIMINGS` and
1111   :ref:`VIDIOC_DV_TIMINGS_CAP`.
1112
1113
1114V4L2 in Linux 3.5
1115=================
1116
11171. Added integer menus, the new type will be
1118   V4L2_CTRL_TYPE_INTEGER_MENU.
1119
11202. Added selection API for V4L2 subdev interface:
1121   :ref:`VIDIOC_SUBDEV_G_SELECTION` and
1122   :ref:`VIDIOC_SUBDEV_S_SELECTION <VIDIOC_SUBDEV_G_SELECTION>`.
1123
11243. Added ``V4L2_COLORFX_ANTIQUE``, ``V4L2_COLORFX_ART_FREEZE``,
1125   ``V4L2_COLORFX_AQUA``, ``V4L2_COLORFX_SILHOUETTE``,
1126   ``V4L2_COLORFX_SOLARIZATION``, ``V4L2_COLORFX_VIVID`` and
1127   ``V4L2_COLORFX_ARBITRARY_CBCR`` menu items to the
1128   ``V4L2_CID_COLORFX`` control.
1129
11304. Added ``V4L2_CID_COLORFX_CBCR`` control.
1131
11325. Added camera controls ``V4L2_CID_AUTO_EXPOSURE_BIAS``,
1133   ``V4L2_CID_AUTO_N_PRESET_WHITE_BALANCE``,
1134   ``V4L2_CID_IMAGE_STABILIZATION``, ``V4L2_CID_ISO_SENSITIVITY``,
1135   ``V4L2_CID_ISO_SENSITIVITY_AUTO``, ``V4L2_CID_EXPOSURE_METERING``,
1136   ``V4L2_CID_SCENE_MODE``, ``V4L2_CID_3A_LOCK``,
1137   ``V4L2_CID_AUTO_FOCUS_START``, ``V4L2_CID_AUTO_FOCUS_STOP``,
1138   ``V4L2_CID_AUTO_FOCUS_STATUS`` and ``V4L2_CID_AUTO_FOCUS_RANGE``.
1139
1140
1141V4L2 in Linux 3.6
1142=================
1143
11441. Replaced ``input`` in struct v4l2_buffer by
1145   ``reserved2`` and removed ``V4L2_BUF_FLAG_INPUT``.
1146
11472. Added V4L2_CAP_VIDEO_M2M and V4L2_CAP_VIDEO_M2M_MPLANE
1148   capabilities.
1149
11503. Added support for frequency band enumerations:
1151   :ref:`VIDIOC_ENUM_FREQ_BANDS`.
1152
1153
1154V4L2 in Linux 3.9
1155=================
1156
11571. Added timestamp types to ``flags`` field in
1158   struct v4l2_buffer. See :ref:`buffer-flags`.
1159
11602. Added ``V4L2_EVENT_CTRL_CH_RANGE`` control event changes flag. See
1161   :ref:`ctrl-changes-flags`.
1162
1163
1164V4L2 in Linux 3.10
1165==================
1166
11671. Removed obsolete and unused DV_PRESET ioctls VIDIOC_G_DV_PRESET,
1168   VIDIOC_S_DV_PRESET, VIDIOC_QUERY_DV_PRESET and
1169   VIDIOC_ENUM_DV_PRESET. Remove the related v4l2_input/output
1170   capability flags V4L2_IN_CAP_PRESETS and V4L2_OUT_CAP_PRESETS.
1171
11722. Added new debugging ioctl
1173   :ref:`VIDIOC_DBG_G_CHIP_INFO`.
1174
1175
1176V4L2 in Linux 3.11
1177==================
1178
11791. Remove obsolete ``VIDIOC_DBG_G_CHIP_IDENT`` ioctl.
1180
1181
1182V4L2 in Linux 3.14
1183==================
1184
11851. In struct v4l2_rect, the type of ``width`` and
1186   ``height`` fields changed from _s32 to _u32.
1187
1188
1189V4L2 in Linux 3.15
1190==================
1191
11921. Added Software Defined Radio (SDR) Interface.
1193
1194
1195V4L2 in Linux 3.16
1196==================
1197
11981. Added event V4L2_EVENT_SOURCE_CHANGE.
1199
1200
1201V4L2 in Linux 3.17
1202==================
1203
12041. Extended struct v4l2_pix_format. Added
1205   format flags.
1206
12072. Added compound control types and
1208   :ref:`VIDIOC_QUERY_EXT_CTRL <VIDIOC_QUERYCTRL>`.
1209
1210
1211V4L2 in Linux 3.18
1212==================
1213
12141. Added ``V4L2_CID_PAN_SPEED`` and ``V4L2_CID_TILT_SPEED`` camera
1215   controls.
1216
1217
1218V4L2 in Linux 3.19
1219==================
1220
12211. Rewrote Colorspace chapter, added new enum v4l2_ycbcr_encoding
1222   and enum v4l2_quantization fields to struct v4l2_pix_format,
1223   struct v4l2_pix_format_mplane and struct v4l2_mbus_framefmt.
1224
1225V4L2 in Linux 4.4
1226=================
1227
12281. Renamed ``V4L2_TUNER_ADC`` to ``V4L2_TUNER_SDR``. The use of
1229   ``V4L2_TUNER_ADC`` is deprecated now.
1230
12312. Added ``V4L2_CID_RF_TUNER_RF_GAIN`` RF Tuner control.
1232
12333. Added transmitter support for Software Defined Radio (SDR) Interface.
1234
1235
1236.. _other:
1237
1238Relation of V4L2 to other Linux multimedia APIs
1239===============================================
1240
1241
1242.. _xvideo:
1243
1244X Video Extension
1245-----------------
1246
1247The X Video Extension (abbreviated XVideo or just Xv) is an extension of
1248the X Window system, implemented for example by the XFree86 project. Its
1249scope is similar to V4L2, an API to video capture and output devices for
1250X clients. Xv allows applications to display live video in a window,
1251send window contents to a TV output, and capture or output still images
1252in XPixmaps [#f1]_. With their implementation XFree86 makes the extension
1253available across many operating systems and architectures.
1254
1255Because the driver is embedded into the X server Xv has a number of
1256advantages over the V4L2 :ref:`video overlay interface <overlay>`. The
1257driver can easily determine the overlay target, i. e. visible graphics
1258memory or off-screen buffers for a destructive overlay. It can program
1259the RAMDAC for a non-destructive overlay, scaling or color-keying, or
1260the clipping functions of the video capture hardware, always in sync
1261with drawing operations or windows moving or changing their stacking
1262order.
1263
1264To combine the advantages of Xv and V4L a special Xv driver exists in
1265XFree86 and XOrg, just programming any overlay capable Video4Linux
1266device it finds. To enable it ``/etc/X11/XF86Config`` must contain these
1267lines:
1268
1269::
1270
1271    Section "Module"
1272	Load "v4l"
1273    EndSection
1274
1275As of XFree86 4.2 this driver still supports only V4L ioctls, however it
1276should work just fine with all V4L2 devices through the V4L2
1277backward-compatibility layer. Since V4L2 permits multiple opens it is
1278possible (if supported by the V4L2 driver) to capture video while an X
1279client requested video overlay. Restrictions of simultaneous capturing
1280and overlay are discussed in :ref:`overlay` apply.
1281
1282Only marginally related to V4L2, XFree86 extended Xv to support hardware
1283YUV to RGB conversion and scaling for faster video playback, and added
1284an interface to MPEG-2 decoding hardware. This API is useful to display
1285images captured with V4L2 devices.
1286
1287
1288Digital Video
1289-------------
1290
1291V4L2 does not support digital terrestrial, cable or satellite broadcast.
1292A separate project aiming at digital receivers exists. You can find its
1293homepage at `https://linuxtv.org <https://linuxtv.org>`__. The Linux
1294DVB API has no connection to the V4L2 API except that drivers for hybrid
1295hardware may support both.
1296
1297
1298Audio Interfaces
1299----------------
1300
1301[to do - OSS/ALSA]
1302
1303
1304.. _experimental:
1305
1306Experimental API Elements
1307=========================
1308
1309The following V4L2 API elements are currently experimental and may
1310change in the future.
1311
1312-  :ref:`VIDIOC_DBG_G_REGISTER` and
1313   :ref:`VIDIOC_DBG_S_REGISTER <VIDIOC_DBG_G_REGISTER>` ioctls.
1314
1315-  :ref:`VIDIOC_DBG_G_CHIP_INFO` ioctl.
1316
1317
1318.. _obsolete:
1319
1320Obsolete API Elements
1321=====================
1322
1323The following V4L2 API elements were superseded by new interfaces and
1324should not be implemented in new drivers.
1325
1326-  ``VIDIOC_G_MPEGCOMP`` and ``VIDIOC_S_MPEGCOMP`` ioctls. Use Extended
1327   Controls, :ref:`extended-controls`.
1328
1329-  VIDIOC_G_DV_PRESET, VIDIOC_S_DV_PRESET,
1330   VIDIOC_ENUM_DV_PRESETS and VIDIOC_QUERY_DV_PRESET ioctls. Use
1331   the DV Timings API (:ref:`dv-timings`).
1332
1333-  ``VIDIOC_SUBDEV_G_CROP`` and ``VIDIOC_SUBDEV_S_CROP`` ioctls. Use
1334   ``VIDIOC_SUBDEV_G_SELECTION`` and ``VIDIOC_SUBDEV_S_SELECTION``,
1335   :ref:`VIDIOC_SUBDEV_G_SELECTION`.
1336
1337.. [#f1]
1338   This is not implemented in XFree86.
1339