xref: /linux/Documentation/userspace-api/gpio/gpio-v2-get-line-ioctl.rst (revision 78c3925c048c752334873f56c3a3d1c9d53e0416)
1.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
2
3.. _GPIO_V2_GET_LINE_IOCTL:
4
5**********************
6GPIO_V2_GET_LINE_IOCTL
7**********************
8
9Name
10====
11
12GPIO_V2_GET_LINE_IOCTL - Request a line or lines from the kernel.
13
14Synopsis
15========
16
17.. c:macro:: GPIO_V2_GET_LINE_IOCTL
18
19``int ioctl(int chip_fd, GPIO_V2_GET_LINE_IOCTL, struct gpio_v2_line_request *request)``
20
21Arguments
22=========
23
24``chip_fd``
25    The file descriptor of the GPIO character device returned by `open()`.
26
27``request``
28    The :c:type:`line_request<gpio_v2_line_request>` specifying the lines
29    to request and their configuration.
30
31Description
32===========
33
34On success, the requesting process is granted exclusive access to the line
35value, write access to the line configuration, and may receive events when
36edges are detected on the line, all of which are described in more detail in
37:ref:`gpio-v2-line-request`.
38
39A number of lines may be requested in the one line request, and request
40operations are performed on the requested lines by the kernel as atomically
41as possible. e.g. gpio-v2-line-get-values-ioctl.rst will read all the
42requested lines at once.
43
44The state of a line, including the value of output lines, is guaranteed to
45remain as requested until the returned file descriptor is closed. Once the
46file descriptor is closed, the state of the line becomes uncontrolled from
47the userspace perspective, and may revert to its default state.
48
49Requesting a line already in use is an error (**EBUSY**).
50
51Closing the ``chip_fd`` has no effect on existing line requests.
52
53.. _gpio-v2-get-line-config-rules:
54
55Configuration Rules
56-------------------
57
58For any given requested line, the following configuration rules apply:
59
60The direction flags, ``GPIO_V2_LINE_FLAG_INPUT`` and
61``GPIO_V2_LINE_FLAG_OUTPUT``, cannot be combined. If neither are set then
62the only other flag that may be set is ``GPIO_V2_LINE_FLAG_ACTIVE_LOW``
63and the line is requested "as-is" to allow reading of the line value
64without altering the electrical configuration.
65
66The drive flags, ``GPIO_V2_LINE_FLAG_OPEN_xxx``, require the
67``GPIO_V2_LINE_FLAG_OUTPUT`` to be set.
68Only one drive flag may be set.
69If none are set then the line is assumed push-pull.
70
71Only one bias flag, ``GPIO_V2_LINE_FLAG_BIAS_xxx``, may be set, and it
72requires a direction flag to also be set.
73If no bias flags are set then the bias configuration is not changed.
74
75The edge flags, ``GPIO_V2_LINE_FLAG_EDGE_xxx``, require
76``GPIO_V2_LINE_FLAG_INPUT`` to be set and may be combined to detect both rising
77and falling edges.  Requesting edge detection from a line that does not support
78it is an error (**ENXIO**).
79
80Only one event clock flag, ``GPIO_V2_LINE_FLAG_EVENT_CLOCK_xxx``, may be set.
81If none are set then the event clock defaults to ``CLOCK_MONOTONIC``.
82The ``GPIO_V2_LINE_FLAG_EVENT_CLOCK_HTE`` flag requires supporting hardware
83and a kernel with ``CONFIG_HTE`` set.  Requesting HTE from a device that
84doesn't support it is an error (**EOPNOTSUP**).
85
86The :c:type:`debounce_period_us<gpio_v2_line_attribute>` attribute may only
87be applied to lines with ``GPIO_V2_LINE_FLAG_INPUT`` set. When set, debounce
88applies to both the values returned by gpio-v2-line-get-values-ioctl.rst and
89the edges returned by gpio-v2-line-event-read.rst.  If not
90supported directly by hardware, debouncing is emulated in software by the
91kernel.  Requesting debounce on a line that supports neither debounce in
92hardware nor interrupts, as required for software emulation, is an error
93(**ENXIO**).
94
95Requesting an invalid configuration is an error (**EINVAL**).
96
97.. _gpio-v2-get-line-config-support:
98
99Configuration Support
100---------------------
101
102Where the requested configuration is not directly supported by the underlying
103hardware and driver, the kernel applies one of these approaches:
104
105 - reject the request
106 - emulate the feature in software
107 - treat the feature as best effort
108
109The approach applied depends on whether the feature can reasonably be emulated
110in software, and the impact on the hardware and userspace if the feature is not
111supported.
112The approach applied for each feature is as follows:
113
114==============   ===========
115Feature          Approach
116==============   ===========
117Bias             best effort
118Debounce         emulate
119Direction        reject
120Drive            emulate
121Edge Detection   reject
122==============   ===========
123
124Bias is treated as best effort to allow userspace to apply the same
125configuration for platforms that support internal bias as those that require
126external bias.
127Worst case the line floats rather than being biased as expected.
128
129Debounce is emulated by applying a filter to hardware interrupts on the line.
130An edge event is generated after an edge is detected and the line remains
131stable for the debounce period.
132The event timestamp corresponds to the end of the debounce period.
133
134Drive is emulated by switching the line to an input when the line should not
135be actively driven.
136
137Edge detection requires interrupt support, and is rejected if that is not
138supported. Emulation by polling can still be performed from userspace.
139
140In all cases, the configuration reported by gpio-v2-get-lineinfo-ioctl.rst
141is the requested configuration, not the resulting hardware configuration.
142Userspace cannot determine if a feature is supported in hardware, is
143emulated, or is best effort.
144
145Return Value
146============
147
148On success 0 and the :c:type:`request.fd<gpio_v2_line_request>` contains the
149file descriptor for the request.
150
151On error -1 and the ``errno`` variable is set appropriately.
152Common error codes are described in error-codes.rst.
153