xref: /linux/Documentation/translations/zh_TW/process/programming-language.rst (revision 06d07429858317ded2db7986113a9e0129cd599b)
1390f915aSHu Haowen.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
2390f915aSHu Haowen
3390f915aSHu Haowen.. include:: ../disclaimer-zh_TW.rst
4390f915aSHu Haowen
5390f915aSHu Haowen:Original: :ref:`Documentation/process/programming-language.rst <programming_language>`
6390f915aSHu Haowen:Translator: Alex Shi <alex.shi@linux.alibaba.com>
7*335bbdf0SHu Haowen             Hu Haowen <2023002089@link.tyut.edu.cn>
8390f915aSHu Haowen
9390f915aSHu Haowen.. _tw_programming_language:
10390f915aSHu Haowen
11390f915aSHu Haowen程序設計語言
12390f915aSHu Haowen============
13390f915aSHu Haowen
14390f915aSHu Haowen內核是用C語言 :ref:`c-language <tw_c-language>` 編寫的。更準確地說,內核通常是用 :ref:`gcc <tw_gcc>`
15e8c07082SArnd Bergmann在 ``-std=gnu11`` :ref:`gcc-c-dialect-options <tw_gcc-c-dialect-options>` 下編譯的:ISO C11的 GNU 方言
16390f915aSHu Haowen
17390f915aSHu Haowen這種方言包含對語言 :ref:`gnu-extensions <tw_gnu-extensions>` 的許多擴展,當然,它們許多都在內核中使用。
18390f915aSHu Haowen
19390f915aSHu Haowen對於一些體系結構,有一些使用 :ref:`clang <tw_clang>` 和 :ref:`icc <tw_icc>` 編譯內核
20390f915aSHu Haowen的支持,儘管在編寫此文檔時還沒有完成,仍需要第三方補丁。
21390f915aSHu Haowen
22390f915aSHu Haowen屬性
23390f915aSHu Haowen----
24390f915aSHu Haowen
25390f915aSHu Haowen在整個內核中使用的一個常見擴展是屬性(attributes) :ref:`gcc-attribute-syntax <tw_gcc-attribute-syntax>`
26390f915aSHu Haowen屬性允許將實現定義的語義引入語言實體(如變量、函數或類型),而無需對語言進行
27390f915aSHu Haowen重大的語法更改(例如添加新關鍵字) :ref:`n2049 <tw_n2049>`
28390f915aSHu Haowen
29390f915aSHu Haowen在某些情況下,屬性是可選的(即不支持這些屬性的編譯器仍然應該生成正確的代碼,
30390f915aSHu Haowen即使其速度較慢或執行的編譯時檢查/診斷次數不夠)
31390f915aSHu Haowen
32390f915aSHu Haowen內核定義了僞關鍵字(例如, ``pure`` ),而不是直接使用GNU屬性語法(例如,
33390f915aSHu Haowen``__attribute__((__pure__))`` ),以檢測可以使用哪些關鍵字和/或縮短代碼, 具體
34390f915aSHu Haowen請參閱 ``include/linux/compiler_attributes.h``
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36390f915aSHu Haowen.. _tw_c-language:
37390f915aSHu Haowen
38390f915aSHu Haowenc-language
39390f915aSHu Haowen   http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg14/www/standards
40390f915aSHu Haowen
41390f915aSHu Haowen.. _tw_gcc:
42390f915aSHu Haowen
43390f915aSHu Haowengcc
44390f915aSHu Haowen   https://gcc.gnu.org
45390f915aSHu Haowen
46390f915aSHu Haowen.. _tw_clang:
47390f915aSHu Haowen
48390f915aSHu Haowenclang
49390f915aSHu Haowen   https://clang.llvm.org
50390f915aSHu Haowen
51390f915aSHu Haowen.. _tw_icc:
52390f915aSHu Haowen
53390f915aSHu Haowenicc
54390f915aSHu Haowen   https://software.intel.com/en-us/c-compilers
55390f915aSHu Haowen
56390f915aSHu Haowen.. _tw_gcc-c-dialect-options:
57390f915aSHu Haowen
58390f915aSHu Haowenc-dialect-options
59390f915aSHu Haowen   https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/C-Dialect-Options.html
60390f915aSHu Haowen
61390f915aSHu Haowen.. _tw_gnu-extensions:
62390f915aSHu Haowen
63390f915aSHu Haowengnu-extensions
64390f915aSHu Haowen   https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/C-Extensions.html
65390f915aSHu Haowen
66390f915aSHu Haowen.. _tw_gcc-attribute-syntax:
67390f915aSHu Haowen
68390f915aSHu Haowengcc-attribute-syntax
69390f915aSHu Haowen   https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/Attribute-Syntax.html
70390f915aSHu Haowen
71390f915aSHu Haowen.. _tw_n2049:
72390f915aSHu Haowen
73390f915aSHu Haowenn2049
74390f915aSHu Haowen   http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg14/www/docs/n2049.pdf
75390f915aSHu Haowen
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