xref: /linux/Documentation/driver-api/dpll.rst (revision 40286d6379aacfcc053253ef78dc78b09addffda)
1.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
2
3===============================
4The Linux kernel dpll subsystem
5===============================
6
7DPLL
8====
9
10PLL - Phase Locked Loop is an electronic circuit which syntonizes clock
11signal of a device with an external clock signal. Effectively enabling
12device to run on the same clock signal beat as provided on a PLL input.
13
14DPLL - Digital Phase Locked Loop is an integrated circuit which in
15addition to plain PLL behavior incorporates a digital phase detector
16and may have digital divider in the loop. As a result, the frequency on
17DPLL's input and output may be configurable.
18
19Subsystem
20=========
21
22The main purpose of dpll subsystem is to provide general interface
23to configure devices that use any kind of Digital PLL and could use
24different sources of input signal to synchronize to, as well as
25different types of outputs.
26The main interface is NETLINK_GENERIC based protocol with an event
27monitoring multicast group defined.
28
29Device object
30=============
31
32Single dpll device object means single Digital PLL circuit and bunch of
33connected pins.
34It reports the supported modes of operation and current status to the
35user in response to the `do` request of netlink command
36``DPLL_CMD_DEVICE_GET`` and list of dplls registered in the subsystem
37with `dump` netlink request of the same command.
38Changing the configuration of dpll device is done with `do` request of
39netlink ``DPLL_CMD_DEVICE_SET`` command.
40A device handle is ``DPLL_A_ID``, it shall be provided to get or set
41configuration of particular device in the system. It can be obtained
42with a ``DPLL_CMD_DEVICE_GET`` `dump` request or
43a ``DPLL_CMD_DEVICE_ID_GET`` `do` request, where the one must provide
44attributes that result in single device match.
45
46Pin object
47==========
48
49A pin is amorphic object which represents either input or output, it
50could be internal component of the device, as well as externally
51connected.
52The number of pins per dpll vary, but usually multiple pins shall be
53provided for a single dpll device.
54Pin's properties, capabilities and status is provided to the user in
55response to `do` request of netlink ``DPLL_CMD_PIN_GET`` command.
56It is also possible to list all the pins that were registered in the
57system with `dump` request of ``DPLL_CMD_PIN_GET`` command.
58Configuration of a pin can be changed by `do` request of netlink
59``DPLL_CMD_PIN_SET`` command.
60Pin handle is a ``DPLL_A_PIN_ID``, it shall be provided to get or set
61configuration of particular pin in the system. It can be obtained with
62``DPLL_CMD_PIN_GET`` `dump` request or ``DPLL_CMD_PIN_ID_GET`` `do`
63request, where user provides attributes that result in single pin match.
64
65Pin selection
66=============
67
68In general, selected pin (the one which signal is driving the dpll
69device) can be obtained from ``DPLL_A_PIN_STATE`` attribute, and only
70one pin shall be in ``DPLL_PIN_STATE_CONNECTED`` state for any dpll
71device.
72
73Pin selection can be done either manually or automatically, depending
74on hardware capabilities and active dpll device work mode
75(``DPLL_A_MODE`` attribute). The consequence is that there are
76differences for each mode in terms of available pin states, as well as
77for the states the user can request for a dpll device.
78
79In manual mode (``DPLL_MODE_MANUAL``) the user can request or receive
80one of following pin states:
81
82- ``DPLL_PIN_STATE_CONNECTED`` - the pin is used to drive dpll device
83- ``DPLL_PIN_STATE_DISCONNECTED`` - the pin is not used to drive dpll
84  device
85
86In automatic mode (``DPLL_MODE_AUTOMATIC``) the user can request or
87receive one of following pin states:
88
89- ``DPLL_PIN_STATE_SELECTABLE`` - the pin shall be considered as valid
90  input for automatic selection algorithm
91- ``DPLL_PIN_STATE_DISCONNECTED`` - the pin shall be not considered as
92  a valid input for automatic selection algorithm
93
94In automatic mode (``DPLL_MODE_AUTOMATIC``) the user can only receive
95pin state ``DPLL_PIN_STATE_CONNECTED`` once automatic selection
96algorithm locks a dpll device with one of the inputs.
97
98Shared pins
99===========
100
101A single pin object can be attached to multiple dpll devices.
102Then there are two groups of configuration knobs:
103
1041) Set on a pin - the configuration affects all dpll devices pin is
105   registered to (i.e., ``DPLL_A_PIN_FREQUENCY``),
1062) Set on a pin-dpll tuple - the configuration affects only selected
107   dpll device (i.e., ``DPLL_A_PIN_PRIO``, ``DPLL_A_PIN_STATE``,
108   ``DPLL_A_PIN_DIRECTION``).
109
110MUX-type pins
111=============
112
113A pin can be MUX-type, it aggregates child pins and serves as a pin
114multiplexer. One or more pins are registered with MUX-type instead of
115being directly registered to a dpll device.
116Pins registered with a MUX-type pin provide user with additional nested
117attribute ``DPLL_A_PIN_PARENT_PIN`` for each parent they were registered
118with.
119If a pin was registered with multiple parent pins, they behave like a
120multiple output multiplexer. In this case output of a
121``DPLL_CMD_PIN_GET`` would contain multiple pin-parent nested
122attributes with current state related to each parent, like::
123
124        'pin': [{{
125          'clock-id': 282574471561216,
126          'module-name': 'ice',
127          'capabilities': 4,
128          'id': 13,
129          'parent-pin': [
130          {'parent-id': 2, 'state': 'connected'},
131          {'parent-id': 3, 'state': 'disconnected'}
132          ],
133          'type': 'synce-eth-port'
134          }}]
135
136Only one child pin can provide its signal to the parent MUX-type pin at
137a time, the selection is done by requesting change of a child pin state
138on desired parent, with the use of ``DPLL_A_PIN_PARENT`` nested
139attribute. Example of netlink `set state on parent pin` message format:
140
141  ========================== =============================================
142  ``DPLL_A_PIN_ID``          child pin id
143  ``DPLL_A_PIN_PARENT_PIN``  nested attribute for requesting configuration
144                             related to parent pin
145    ``DPLL_A_PIN_PARENT_ID`` parent pin id
146    ``DPLL_A_PIN_STATE``     requested pin state on parent
147  ========================== =============================================
148
149Pin priority
150============
151
152Some devices might offer a capability of automatic pin selection mode
153(enum value ``DPLL_MODE_AUTOMATIC`` of ``DPLL_A_MODE`` attribute).
154Usually, automatic selection is performed on the hardware level, which
155means only pins directly connected to the dpll can be used for automatic
156input pin selection.
157In automatic selection mode, the user cannot manually select a input
158pin for the device, instead the user shall provide all directly
159connected pins with a priority ``DPLL_A_PIN_PRIO``, the device would
160pick a highest priority valid signal and use it to control the DPLL
161device. Example of netlink `set priority on parent pin` message format:
162
163  ============================ =============================================
164  ``DPLL_A_PIN_ID``            configured pin id
165  ``DPLL_A_PIN_PARENT_DEVICE`` nested attribute for requesting configuration
166                               related to parent dpll device
167    ``DPLL_A_PIN_PARENT_ID``   parent dpll device id
168    ``DPLL_A_PIN_PRIO``        requested pin prio on parent dpll
169  ============================ =============================================
170
171Child pin of MUX-type pin is not capable of automatic input pin selection,
172in order to configure active input of a MUX-type pin, the user needs to
173request desired pin state of the child pin on the parent pin,
174as described in the ``MUX-type pins`` chapter.
175
176Phase offset measurement and adjustment
177========================================
178
179Device may provide ability to measure a phase difference between signals
180on a pin and its parent dpll device. If pin-dpll phase offset measurement
181is supported, it shall be provided with ``DPLL_A_PIN_PHASE_OFFSET``
182attribute for each parent dpll device. The reported phase offset may be
183computed as the average of prior values and the current measurement, using
184the following formula:
185
186.. math::
187   curr\_avg = prev\_avg * \frac{2^N-1}{2^N} + new\_val * \frac{1}{2^N}
188
189where `curr_avg` is the current reported phase offset, `prev_avg` is the
190previously reported value, `new_val` is the current measurement, and `N` is
191the averaging factor. Configured averaging factor value is provided with
192``DPLL_A_PHASE_OFFSET_AVG_FACTOR`` attribute of a device and value change can
193be requested with the same attribute with ``DPLL_CMD_DEVICE_SET`` command.
194
195  ================================== ======================================
196  ``DPLL_A_PHASE_OFFSET_AVG_FACTOR`` attr configured value of phase offset
197                                     averaging factor
198  ================================== ======================================
199
200Device may also provide ability to adjust a signal phase on a pin.
201If pin phase adjustment is supported, minimal and maximal values and
202granularity that pin handle shall be provided to the user on
203``DPLL_CMD_PIN_GET`` respond with ``DPLL_A_PIN_PHASE_ADJUST_MIN``,
204``DPLL_A_PIN_PHASE_ADJUST_MAX`` and ``DPLL_A_PIN_PHASE_ADJUST_GRAN``
205attributes. Configured phase adjust value is provided with
206``DPLL_A_PIN_PHASE_ADJUST`` attribute of a pin, and value change can be
207requested with the same attribute with ``DPLL_CMD_PIN_SET`` command.
208
209  ================================ ==========================================
210  ``DPLL_A_PIN_ID``                configured pin id
211  ``DPLL_A_PIN_PHASE_ADJUST_GRAN`` attr granularity of phase adjustment value
212  ``DPLL_A_PIN_PHASE_ADJUST_MIN``  attr minimum value of phase adjustment
213  ``DPLL_A_PIN_PHASE_ADJUST_MAX``  attr maximum value of phase adjustment
214  ``DPLL_A_PIN_PHASE_ADJUST``      attr configured value of phase
215                                   adjustment on parent dpll device
216  ``DPLL_A_PIN_PARENT_DEVICE``     nested attribute for requesting
217                                   configuration on given parent dpll
218                                   device
219    ``DPLL_A_PIN_PARENT_ID``       parent dpll device id
220    ``DPLL_A_PIN_PHASE_OFFSET``    attr measured phase difference
221                                   between a pin and parent dpll device
222  ================================ ==========================================
223
224All phase related values are provided in pico seconds, which represents
225time difference between signals phase. The negative value means that
226phase of signal on pin is earlier in time than dpll's signal. Positive
227value means that phase of signal on pin is later in time than signal of
228a dpll.
229
230Phase adjust (also min and max) values are integers, but measured phase
231offset values are fractional with 3-digit decimal places and shell be
232divided with ``DPLL_PIN_PHASE_OFFSET_DIVIDER`` to get integer part and
233modulo divided to get fractional part.
234
235Phase offset monitor
236====================
237
238Phase offset measurement is typically performed against the current active
239source. However, some DPLL (Digital Phase-Locked Loop) devices may offer
240the capability to monitor phase offsets across all available inputs.
241The attribute and current feature state shall be included in the response
242message of the ``DPLL_CMD_DEVICE_GET`` command for supported DPLL devices.
243In such cases, users can also control the feature using the
244``DPLL_CMD_DEVICE_SET`` command by setting the ``enum dpll_feature_state``
245values for the attribute.
246Once enabled the phase offset measurements for the input shall be returned
247in the ``DPLL_A_PIN_PHASE_OFFSET`` attribute.
248
249  =============================== ========================
250  ``DPLL_A_PHASE_OFFSET_MONITOR`` attr state of a feature
251  =============================== ========================
252
253Frequency monitor
254=================
255
256Some DPLL devices may offer the capability to measure the actual
257frequency of all available input pins. The attribute and current feature state
258shall be included in the response message of the ``DPLL_CMD_DEVICE_GET``
259command for supported DPLL devices. In such cases, users can also control
260the feature using the ``DPLL_CMD_DEVICE_SET`` command by setting the
261``enum dpll_feature_state`` values for the attribute.
262Once enabled the measured input frequency for each input pin shall be
263returned in the ``DPLL_A_PIN_MEASURED_FREQUENCY`` attribute. The value
264is in millihertz (mHz), using ``DPLL_PIN_MEASURED_FREQUENCY_DIVIDER``
265as the divider.
266
267  =============================== ========================
268  ``DPLL_A_FREQUENCY_MONITOR``    attr state of a feature
269  =============================== ========================
270
271Embedded SYNC
272=============
273
274Device may provide ability to use Embedded SYNC feature. It allows
275to embed additional SYNC signal into the base frequency of a pin - a one
276special pulse of base frequency signal every time SYNC signal pulse
277happens. The user can configure the frequency of Embedded SYNC.
278The Embedded SYNC capability is always related to a given base frequency
279and HW capabilities. The user is provided a range of Embedded SYNC
280frequencies supported, depending on current base frequency configured for
281the pin.
282
283  ========================================= =================================
284  ``DPLL_A_PIN_ESYNC_FREQUENCY``            current Embedded SYNC frequency
285  ``DPLL_A_PIN_ESYNC_FREQUENCY_SUPPORTED``  nest available Embedded SYNC
286                                            frequency ranges
287    ``DPLL_A_PIN_FREQUENCY_MIN``            attr minimum value of frequency
288    ``DPLL_A_PIN_FREQUENCY_MAX``            attr maximum value of frequency
289  ``DPLL_A_PIN_ESYNC_PULSE``                pulse type of Embedded SYNC
290  ========================================= =================================
291
292Reference SYNC
293==============
294
295The device may support the Reference SYNC feature, which allows the combination
296of two inputs into a input pair. In this configuration, clock signals
297from both inputs are used to synchronize the DPLL device. The higher frequency
298signal is utilized for the loop bandwidth of the DPLL, while the lower frequency
299signal is used to syntonize the output signal of the DPLL device. This feature
300enables the provision of a high-quality loop bandwidth signal from an external
301source.
302
303A capable input provides a list of inputs that can be bound with to create
304Reference SYNC. To control this feature, the user must request a desired
305state for a target pin: use ``DPLL_PIN_STATE_CONNECTED`` to enable or
306``DPLL_PIN_STATE_DISCONNECTED`` to disable the feature. An input pin can be
307bound to only one other pin at any given time.
308
309  ============================== ==========================================
310  ``DPLL_A_PIN_REFERENCE_SYNC``  nested attribute for providing info or
311                                 requesting configuration of the Reference
312                                 SYNC feature
313    ``DPLL_A_PIN_ID``            target pin id for Reference SYNC feature
314    ``DPLL_A_PIN_STATE``         state of Reference SYNC connection
315  ============================== ==========================================
316
317Configuration commands group
318============================
319
320Configuration commands are used to get information about registered
321dpll devices (and pins), as well as set configuration of device or pins.
322As dpll devices must be abstracted and reflect real hardware,
323there is no way to add new dpll device via netlink from user space and
324each device should be registered by its driver.
325
326All netlink commands require ``GENL_ADMIN_PERM``. This is to prevent
327any spamming/DoS from unauthorized userspace applications.
328
329List of netlink commands with possible attributes
330=================================================
331
332Constants identifying command types for dpll device uses a
333``DPLL_CMD_`` prefix and suffix according to command purpose.
334The dpll device related attributes use a ``DPLL_A_`` prefix and
335suffix according to attribute purpose.
336
337  ==================================== =================================
338  ``DPLL_CMD_DEVICE_ID_GET``           command to get device ID
339    ``DPLL_A_MODULE_NAME``             attr module name of registerer
340    ``DPLL_A_CLOCK_ID``                attr Unique Clock Identifier
341                                       (EUI-64), as defined by the
342                                       IEEE 1588 standard
343    ``DPLL_A_TYPE``                    attr type of dpll device
344  ==================================== =================================
345
346  ==================================== =================================
347  ``DPLL_CMD_DEVICE_GET``              command to get device info or
348                                       dump list of available devices
349    ``DPLL_A_ID``                      attr unique dpll device ID
350    ``DPLL_A_MODULE_NAME``             attr module name of registerer
351    ``DPLL_A_CLOCK_ID``                attr Unique Clock Identifier
352                                       (EUI-64), as defined by the
353                                       IEEE 1588 standard
354    ``DPLL_A_MODE``                    attr selection mode
355    ``DPLL_A_MODE_SUPPORTED``          attr available selection modes
356    ``DPLL_A_LOCK_STATUS``             attr dpll device lock status
357    ``DPLL_A_TEMP``                    attr device temperature info
358    ``DPLL_A_TYPE``                    attr type of dpll device
359  ==================================== =================================
360
361  ==================================== =================================
362  ``DPLL_CMD_DEVICE_SET``              command to set dpll device config
363    ``DPLL_A_ID``                      attr internal dpll device index
364    ``DPLL_A_MODE``                    attr selection mode to configure
365  ==================================== =================================
366
367Constants identifying command types for pins uses a
368``DPLL_CMD_PIN_`` prefix and suffix according to command purpose.
369The pin related attributes use a ``DPLL_A_PIN_`` prefix and suffix
370according to attribute purpose.
371
372  ==================================== =================================
373  ``DPLL_CMD_PIN_ID_GET``              command to get pin ID
374    ``DPLL_A_PIN_MODULE_NAME``         attr module name of registerer
375    ``DPLL_A_PIN_CLOCK_ID``            attr Unique Clock Identifier
376                                       (EUI-64), as defined by the
377                                       IEEE 1588 standard
378    ``DPLL_A_PIN_BOARD_LABEL``         attr pin board label provided
379                                       by registerer
380    ``DPLL_A_PIN_PANEL_LABEL``         attr pin panel label provided
381                                       by registerer
382    ``DPLL_A_PIN_PACKAGE_LABEL``       attr pin package label provided
383                                       by registerer
384    ``DPLL_A_PIN_TYPE``                attr type of a pin
385  ==================================== =================================
386
387  ==================================== ==================================
388  ``DPLL_CMD_PIN_GET``                 command to get pin info or dump
389                                       list of available pins
390    ``DPLL_A_PIN_ID``                  attr unique a pin ID
391    ``DPLL_A_PIN_MODULE_NAME``         attr module name of registerer
392    ``DPLL_A_PIN_CLOCK_ID``            attr Unique Clock Identifier
393                                       (EUI-64), as defined by the
394                                       IEEE 1588 standard
395    ``DPLL_A_PIN_BOARD_LABEL``         attr pin board label provided
396                                       by registerer
397    ``DPLL_A_PIN_PANEL_LABEL``         attr pin panel label provided
398                                       by registerer
399    ``DPLL_A_PIN_PACKAGE_LABEL``       attr pin package label provided
400                                       by registerer
401    ``DPLL_A_PIN_TYPE``                attr type of a pin
402    ``DPLL_A_PIN_FREQUENCY``           attr current frequency of a pin
403    ``DPLL_A_PIN_FREQUENCY_SUPPORTED`` nested attr provides supported
404                                       frequencies
405      ``DPLL_A_PIN_ANY_FREQUENCY_MIN`` attr minimum value of frequency
406      ``DPLL_A_PIN_ANY_FREQUENCY_MAX`` attr maximum value of frequency
407    ``DPLL_A_PIN_PHASE_ADJUST_GRAN``   attr granularity of phase
408                                       adjustment value
409    ``DPLL_A_PIN_PHASE_ADJUST_MIN``    attr minimum value of phase
410                                       adjustment
411    ``DPLL_A_PIN_PHASE_ADJUST_MAX``    attr maximum value of phase
412                                       adjustment
413    ``DPLL_A_PIN_PHASE_ADJUST``        attr configured value of phase
414                                       adjustment on parent device
415    ``DPLL_A_PIN_PARENT_DEVICE``       nested attr for each parent device
416                                       the pin is connected with
417      ``DPLL_A_PIN_PARENT_ID``         attr parent dpll device id
418      ``DPLL_A_PIN_PRIO``              attr priority of pin on the
419                                       dpll device
420      ``DPLL_A_PIN_STATE``             attr state of pin on the parent
421                                       dpll device
422      ``DPLL_A_PIN_DIRECTION``         attr direction of a pin on the
423                                       parent dpll device
424      ``DPLL_A_PIN_PHASE_OFFSET``      attr measured phase difference
425                                       between a pin and parent dpll
426    ``DPLL_A_PIN_PARENT_PIN``          nested attr for each parent pin
427                                       the pin is connected with
428      ``DPLL_A_PIN_PARENT_ID``         attr parent pin id
429      ``DPLL_A_PIN_STATE``             attr state of pin on the parent
430                                       pin
431    ``DPLL_A_PIN_CAPABILITIES``        attr bitmask of pin capabilities
432    ``DPLL_A_PIN_MEASURED_FREQUENCY``  attr measured frequency of
433                                       an input pin in mHz
434  ==================================== ==================================
435
436  ==================================== =================================
437  ``DPLL_CMD_PIN_SET``                 command to set pins configuration
438    ``DPLL_A_PIN_ID``                  attr unique a pin ID
439    ``DPLL_A_PIN_FREQUENCY``           attr requested frequency of a pin
440    ``DPLL_A_PIN_PHASE_ADJUST``        attr requested value of phase
441                                       adjustment on parent device
442    ``DPLL_A_PIN_PARENT_DEVICE``       nested attr for each parent dpll
443                                       device configuration request
444      ``DPLL_A_PIN_PARENT_ID``         attr parent dpll device id
445      ``DPLL_A_PIN_DIRECTION``         attr requested direction of a pin
446      ``DPLL_A_PIN_PRIO``              attr requested priority of pin on
447                                       the dpll device
448      ``DPLL_A_PIN_STATE``             attr requested state of pin on
449                                       the dpll device
450    ``DPLL_A_PIN_PARENT_PIN``          nested attr for each parent pin
451                                       configuration request
452      ``DPLL_A_PIN_PARENT_ID``         attr parent pin id
453      ``DPLL_A_PIN_STATE``             attr requested state of pin on
454                                       parent pin
455  ==================================== =================================
456
457Netlink dump requests
458=====================
459
460The ``DPLL_CMD_DEVICE_GET`` and ``DPLL_CMD_PIN_GET`` commands are
461capable of dump type netlink requests, in which case the response is in
462the same format as for their ``do`` request, but every device or pin
463registered in the system is returned.
464
465SET commands format
466===================
467
468``DPLL_CMD_DEVICE_SET`` - to target a dpll device, the user provides
469``DPLL_A_ID``, which is unique identifier of dpll device in the system,
470as well as parameter being configured (``DPLL_A_MODE``).
471
472``DPLL_CMD_PIN_SET`` - to target a pin user must provide a
473``DPLL_A_PIN_ID``, which is unique identifier of a pin in the system.
474Also configured pin parameters must be added.
475If ``DPLL_A_PIN_FREQUENCY`` is configured, this affects all the dpll
476devices that are connected with the pin, that is why frequency attribute
477shall not be enclosed in ``DPLL_A_PIN_PARENT_DEVICE``.
478Other attributes: ``DPLL_A_PIN_PRIO``, ``DPLL_A_PIN_STATE`` or
479``DPLL_A_PIN_DIRECTION`` must be enclosed in
480``DPLL_A_PIN_PARENT_DEVICE`` as their configuration relates to only one
481of parent dplls, targeted by ``DPLL_A_PIN_PARENT_ID`` attribute which is
482also required inside that nest.
483For MUX-type pins the ``DPLL_A_PIN_STATE`` attribute is configured in
484similar way, by enclosing required state in ``DPLL_A_PIN_PARENT_PIN``
485nested attribute and targeted parent pin id in ``DPLL_A_PIN_PARENT_ID``.
486
487In general, it is possible to configure multiple parameters at once, but
488internally each parameter change will be invoked separately, where order
489of configuration is not guaranteed by any means.
490
491Configuration pre-defined enums
492===============================
493
494.. kernel-doc:: include/uapi/linux/dpll.h
495
496Notifications
497=============
498
499dpll device can provide notifications regarding status changes of the
500device, i.e. lock status changes, input/output changes or other alarms.
501There is one multicast group that is used to notify user-space apps via
502netlink socket: ``DPLL_MCGRP_MONITOR``
503
504Notifications messages:
505
506  ============================== =====================================
507  ``DPLL_CMD_DEVICE_CREATE_NTF`` dpll device was created
508  ``DPLL_CMD_DEVICE_DELETE_NTF`` dpll device was deleted
509  ``DPLL_CMD_DEVICE_CHANGE_NTF`` dpll device has changed
510  ``DPLL_CMD_PIN_CREATE_NTF``    dpll pin was created
511  ``DPLL_CMD_PIN_DELETE_NTF``    dpll pin was deleted
512  ``DPLL_CMD_PIN_CHANGE_NTF``    dpll pin has changed
513  ============================== =====================================
514
515Events format is the same as for the corresponding get command.
516Format of ``DPLL_CMD_DEVICE_`` events is the same as response of
517``DPLL_CMD_DEVICE_GET``.
518Format of ``DPLL_CMD_PIN_`` events is same as response of
519``DPLL_CMD_PIN_GET``.
520
521Device driver implementation
522============================
523
524Device is allocated by dpll_device_get() call. Second call with the
525same arguments will not create new object but provides pointer to
526previously created device for given arguments, it also increases
527refcount of that object.
528Device is deallocated by dpll_device_put() call, which first
529decreases the refcount, once refcount is cleared the object is
530destroyed.
531
532Device should implement set of operations and register device via
533dpll_device_register() at which point it becomes available to the
534users. Multiple driver instances can obtain reference to it with
535dpll_device_get(), as well as register dpll device with their own
536ops and priv.
537
538The pins are allocated separately with dpll_pin_get(), it works
539similarly to dpll_device_get(). Function first creates object and then
540for each call with the same arguments only the object refcount
541increases. Also dpll_pin_put() works similarly to dpll_device_put().
542
543A pin can be registered with parent dpll device or parent pin, depending
544on hardware needs. Each registration requires registerer to provide set
545of pin callbacks, and private data pointer for calling them:
546
547- dpll_pin_register() - register pin with a dpll device,
548- dpll_pin_on_pin_register() - register pin with another MUX type pin.
549
550Notifications of adding or removing dpll devices are created within
551subsystem itself.
552Notifications about registering/deregistering pins are also invoked by
553the subsystem.
554Notifications about status changes either of dpll device or a pin are
555invoked in two ways:
556
557- after successful change was requested on dpll subsystem, the subsystem
558  calls corresponding notification,
559- requested by device driver with dpll_device_change_ntf() or
560  dpll_pin_change_ntf() when driver informs about the status change.
561
562The device driver using dpll interface is not required to implement all
563the callback operation. Nevertheless, there are few required to be
564implemented.
565Required dpll device level callback operations:
566
567- ``.mode_get``,
568- ``.lock_status_get``.
569
570Required pin level callback operations:
571
572- ``.state_on_dpll_get`` (pins registered with dpll device),
573- ``.state_on_pin_get`` (pins registered with parent pin),
574- ``.direction_get``.
575
576Every other operation handler is checked for existence and
577``-EOPNOTSUPP`` is returned in case of absence of specific handler.
578
579The simplest implementation is in the OCP TimeCard driver. The ops
580structures are defined like this:
581
582.. code-block:: c
583
584	static const struct dpll_device_ops dpll_ops = {
585		.lock_status_get = ptp_ocp_dpll_lock_status_get,
586		.mode_get = ptp_ocp_dpll_mode_get,
587		.mode_supported = ptp_ocp_dpll_mode_supported,
588	};
589
590	static const struct dpll_pin_ops dpll_pins_ops = {
591		.frequency_get = ptp_ocp_dpll_frequency_get,
592		.frequency_set = ptp_ocp_dpll_frequency_set,
593		.direction_get = ptp_ocp_dpll_direction_get,
594		.direction_set = ptp_ocp_dpll_direction_set,
595		.state_on_dpll_get = ptp_ocp_dpll_state_get,
596	};
597
598The registration part is then looks like this part:
599
600.. code-block:: c
601
602        clkid = pci_get_dsn(pdev);
603        bp->dpll = dpll_device_get(clkid, 0, THIS_MODULE);
604        if (IS_ERR(bp->dpll)) {
605                err = PTR_ERR(bp->dpll);
606                dev_err(&pdev->dev, "dpll_device_alloc failed\n");
607                goto out;
608        }
609
610        err = dpll_device_register(bp->dpll, DPLL_TYPE_PPS, &dpll_ops, bp);
611        if (err)
612                goto out;
613
614        for (i = 0; i < OCP_SMA_NUM; i++) {
615                bp->sma[i].dpll_pin = dpll_pin_get(clkid, i, THIS_MODULE, &bp->sma[i].dpll_prop);
616                if (IS_ERR(bp->sma[i].dpll_pin)) {
617                        err = PTR_ERR(bp->dpll);
618                        goto out_dpll;
619                }
620
621                err = dpll_pin_register(bp->dpll, bp->sma[i].dpll_pin, &dpll_pins_ops,
622                                        &bp->sma[i]);
623                if (err) {
624                        dpll_pin_put(bp->sma[i].dpll_pin);
625                        goto out_dpll;
626                }
627        }
628
629In the error path we have to rewind every allocation in the reverse order:
630
631.. code-block:: c
632
633        while (i) {
634                --i;
635                dpll_pin_unregister(bp->dpll, bp->sma[i].dpll_pin, &dpll_pins_ops, &bp->sma[i]);
636                dpll_pin_put(bp->sma[i].dpll_pin);
637        }
638        dpll_device_put(bp->dpll);
639
640More complex example can be found in Intel's ICE driver or nVidia's mlx5 driver.
641
642SyncE enablement
643================
644For SyncE enablement it is required to allow control over dpll device
645for a software application which monitors and configures the inputs of
646dpll device in response to current state of a dpll device and its
647inputs.
648In such scenario, dpll device input signal shall be also configurable
649to drive dpll with signal recovered from the PHY netdevice.
650This is done by exposing a pin to the netdevice - attaching pin to the
651netdevice itself with
652``dpll_netdev_pin_set(struct net_device *dev, struct dpll_pin *dpll_pin)``.
653Exposed pin id handle ``DPLL_A_PIN_ID`` is then identifiable by the user
654as it is attached to rtnetlink respond to get ``RTM_NEWLINK`` command in
655nested attribute ``IFLA_DPLL_PIN``.
656