xref: /linux/Documentation/arch/riscv/hwprobe.rst (revision b8e85e6f3a09fc56b0ff574887798962ef8a8f80)
1.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
2
3RISC-V Hardware Probing Interface
4---------------------------------
5
6The RISC-V hardware probing interface is based around a single syscall, which
7is defined in <asm/hwprobe.h>::
8
9    struct riscv_hwprobe {
10        __s64 key;
11        __u64 value;
12    };
13
14    long sys_riscv_hwprobe(struct riscv_hwprobe *pairs, size_t pair_count,
15                           size_t cpusetsize, cpu_set_t *cpus,
16                           unsigned int flags);
17
18The arguments are split into three groups: an array of key-value pairs, a CPU
19set, and some flags. The key-value pairs are supplied with a count. Userspace
20must prepopulate the key field for each element, and the kernel will fill in the
21value if the key is recognized. If a key is unknown to the kernel, its key field
22will be cleared to -1, and its value set to 0. The CPU set is defined by
23CPU_SET(3) with size ``cpusetsize`` bytes. For value-like keys (eg. vendor,
24arch, impl), the returned value will only be valid if all CPUs in the given set
25have the same value. Otherwise -1 will be returned. For boolean-like keys, the
26value returned will be a logical AND of the values for the specified CPUs.
27Usermode can supply NULL for ``cpus`` and 0 for ``cpusetsize`` as a shortcut for
28all online CPUs. The currently supported flags are:
29
30* :c:macro:`RISCV_HWPROBE_WHICH_CPUS`: This flag basically reverses the behavior
31  of sys_riscv_hwprobe().  Instead of populating the values of keys for a given
32  set of CPUs, the values of each key are given and the set of CPUs is reduced
33  by sys_riscv_hwprobe() to only those which match each of the key-value pairs.
34  How matching is done depends on the key type.  For value-like keys, matching
35  means to be the exact same as the value.  For boolean-like keys, matching
36  means the result of a logical AND of the pair's value with the CPU's value is
37  exactly the same as the pair's value.  Additionally, when ``cpus`` is an empty
38  set, then it is initialized to all online CPUs which fit within it, i.e. the
39  CPU set returned is the reduction of all the online CPUs which can be
40  represented with a CPU set of size ``cpusetsize``.
41
42All other flags are reserved for future compatibility and must be zero.
43
44On success 0 is returned, on failure a negative error code is returned.
45
46The following keys are defined:
47
48* :c:macro:`RISCV_HWPROBE_KEY_MVENDORID`: Contains the value of ``mvendorid``,
49  as defined by the RISC-V privileged architecture specification.
50
51* :c:macro:`RISCV_HWPROBE_KEY_MARCHID`: Contains the value of ``marchid``, as
52  defined by the RISC-V privileged architecture specification.
53
54* :c:macro:`RISCV_HWPROBE_KEY_MIMPLID`: Contains the value of ``mimplid``, as
55  defined by the RISC-V privileged architecture specification.
56
57* :c:macro:`RISCV_HWPROBE_KEY_BASE_BEHAVIOR`: A bitmask containing the base
58  user-visible behavior that this kernel supports.  The following base user ABIs
59  are defined:
60
61  * :c:macro:`RISCV_HWPROBE_BASE_BEHAVIOR_IMA`: Support for rv32ima or
62    rv64ima, as defined by version 2.2 of the user ISA and version 1.10 of the
63    privileged ISA, with the following known exceptions (more exceptions may be
64    added, but only if it can be demonstrated that the user ABI is not broken):
65
66    * The ``fence.i`` instruction cannot be directly executed by userspace
67      programs (it may still be executed in userspace via a
68      kernel-controlled mechanism such as the vDSO).
69
70* :c:macro:`RISCV_HWPROBE_KEY_IMA_EXT_0`: A bitmask containing the extensions
71  that are compatible with the :c:macro:`RISCV_HWPROBE_BASE_BEHAVIOR_IMA`:
72  base system behavior.
73
74  * :c:macro:`RISCV_HWPROBE_IMA_FD`: The F and D extensions are supported, as
75    defined by commit cd20cee ("FMIN/FMAX now implement
76    minimumNumber/maximumNumber, not minNum/maxNum") of the RISC-V ISA manual.
77
78  * :c:macro:`RISCV_HWPROBE_IMA_C`: The C extension is supported, as defined
79    by version 2.2 of the RISC-V ISA manual.
80
81  * :c:macro:`RISCV_HWPROBE_IMA_V`: The V extension is supported, as defined by
82    version 1.0 of the RISC-V Vector extension manual.
83
84  * :c:macro:`RISCV_HWPROBE_EXT_ZBA`: The Zba address generation extension is
85       supported, as defined in version 1.0 of the Bit-Manipulation ISA
86       extensions.
87
88  * :c:macro:`RISCV_HWPROBE_EXT_ZBB`: The Zbb extension is supported, as defined
89       in version 1.0 of the Bit-Manipulation ISA extensions.
90
91  * :c:macro:`RISCV_HWPROBE_EXT_ZBS`: The Zbs extension is supported, as defined
92       in version 1.0 of the Bit-Manipulation ISA extensions.
93
94  * :c:macro:`RISCV_HWPROBE_EXT_ZICBOZ`: The Zicboz extension is supported, as
95       ratified in commit 3dd606f ("Create cmobase-v1.0.pdf") of riscv-CMOs.
96
97  * :c:macro:`RISCV_HWPROBE_EXT_ZBC` The Zbc extension is supported, as defined
98       in version 1.0 of the Bit-Manipulation ISA extensions.
99
100  * :c:macro:`RISCV_HWPROBE_EXT_ZBKB` The Zbkb extension is supported, as
101       defined in version 1.0 of the Scalar Crypto ISA extensions.
102
103  * :c:macro:`RISCV_HWPROBE_EXT_ZBKC` The Zbkc extension is supported, as
104       defined in version 1.0 of the Scalar Crypto ISA extensions.
105
106  * :c:macro:`RISCV_HWPROBE_EXT_ZBKX` The Zbkx extension is supported, as
107       defined in version 1.0 of the Scalar Crypto ISA extensions.
108
109  * :c:macro:`RISCV_HWPROBE_EXT_ZKND` The Zknd extension is supported, as
110       defined in version 1.0 of the Scalar Crypto ISA extensions.
111
112  * :c:macro:`RISCV_HWPROBE_EXT_ZKNE` The Zkne extension is supported, as
113       defined in version 1.0 of the Scalar Crypto ISA extensions.
114
115  * :c:macro:`RISCV_HWPROBE_EXT_ZKNH` The Zknh extension is supported, as
116       defined in version 1.0 of the Scalar Crypto ISA extensions.
117
118  * :c:macro:`RISCV_HWPROBE_EXT_ZKSED` The Zksed extension is supported, as
119       defined in version 1.0 of the Scalar Crypto ISA extensions.
120
121  * :c:macro:`RISCV_HWPROBE_EXT_ZKSH` The Zksh extension is supported, as
122       defined in version 1.0 of the Scalar Crypto ISA extensions.
123
124  * :c:macro:`RISCV_HWPROBE_EXT_ZKT` The Zkt extension is supported, as defined
125       in version 1.0 of the Scalar Crypto ISA extensions.
126
127  * :c:macro:`RISCV_HWPROBE_EXT_ZVBB`: The Zvbb extension is supported as
128       defined in version 1.0 of the RISC-V Cryptography Extensions Volume II.
129
130  * :c:macro:`RISCV_HWPROBE_EXT_ZVBC`: The Zvbc extension is supported as
131       defined in version 1.0 of the RISC-V Cryptography Extensions Volume II.
132
133  * :c:macro:`RISCV_HWPROBE_EXT_ZVKB`: The Zvkb extension is supported as
134       defined in version 1.0 of the RISC-V Cryptography Extensions Volume II.
135
136  * :c:macro:`RISCV_HWPROBE_EXT_ZVKG`: The Zvkg extension is supported as
137       defined in version 1.0 of the RISC-V Cryptography Extensions Volume II.
138
139  * :c:macro:`RISCV_HWPROBE_EXT_ZVKNED`: The Zvkned extension is supported as
140       defined in version 1.0 of the RISC-V Cryptography Extensions Volume II.
141
142  * :c:macro:`RISCV_HWPROBE_EXT_ZVKNHA`: The Zvknha extension is supported as
143       defined in version 1.0 of the RISC-V Cryptography Extensions Volume II.
144
145  * :c:macro:`RISCV_HWPROBE_EXT_ZVKNHB`: The Zvknhb extension is supported as
146       defined in version 1.0 of the RISC-V Cryptography Extensions Volume II.
147
148  * :c:macro:`RISCV_HWPROBE_EXT_ZVKSED`: The Zvksed extension is supported as
149       defined in version 1.0 of the RISC-V Cryptography Extensions Volume II.
150
151  * :c:macro:`RISCV_HWPROBE_EXT_ZVKSH`: The Zvksh extension is supported as
152       defined in version 1.0 of the RISC-V Cryptography Extensions Volume II.
153
154  * :c:macro:`RISCV_HWPROBE_EXT_ZVKT`: The Zvkt extension is supported as
155       defined in version 1.0 of the RISC-V Cryptography Extensions Volume II.
156
157  * :c:macro:`RISCV_HWPROBE_EXT_ZFH`: The Zfh extension version 1.0 is supported
158       as defined in the RISC-V ISA manual.
159
160  * :c:macro:`RISCV_HWPROBE_EXT_ZFHMIN`: The Zfhmin extension version 1.0 is
161       supported as defined in the RISC-V ISA manual.
162
163  * :c:macro:`RISCV_HWPROBE_EXT_ZIHINTNTL`: The Zihintntl extension version 1.0
164       is supported as defined in the RISC-V ISA manual.
165
166  * :c:macro:`RISCV_HWPROBE_EXT_ZVFH`: The Zvfh extension is supported as
167       defined in the RISC-V Vector manual starting from commit e2ccd0548d6c
168       ("Remove draft warnings from Zvfh[min]").
169
170  * :c:macro:`RISCV_HWPROBE_EXT_ZVFHMIN`: The Zvfhmin extension is supported as
171       defined in the RISC-V Vector manual starting from commit e2ccd0548d6c
172       ("Remove draft warnings from Zvfh[min]").
173
174  * :c:macro:`RISCV_HWPROBE_EXT_ZFA`: The Zfa extension is supported as
175       defined in the RISC-V ISA manual starting from commit 056b6ff467c7
176       ("Zfa is ratified").
177
178  * :c:macro:`RISCV_HWPROBE_EXT_ZTSO`: The Ztso extension is supported as
179       defined in the RISC-V ISA manual starting from commit 5618fb5a216b
180       ("Ztso is now ratified.")
181
182  * :c:macro:`RISCV_HWPROBE_EXT_ZACAS`: The Zacas extension is supported as
183       defined in the Atomic Compare-and-Swap (CAS) instructions manual starting
184       from commit 5059e0ca641c ("update to ratified").
185
186  * :c:macro:`RISCV_HWPROBE_EXT_ZICOND`: The Zicond extension is supported as
187       defined in the RISC-V Integer Conditional (Zicond) operations extension
188       manual starting from commit 95cf1f9 ("Add changes requested by Ved
189       during signoff")
190
191* :c:macro:`RISCV_HWPROBE_KEY_CPUPERF_0`: A bitmask that contains performance
192  information about the selected set of processors.
193
194  * :c:macro:`RISCV_HWPROBE_MISALIGNED_UNKNOWN`: The performance of misaligned
195    accesses is unknown.
196
197  * :c:macro:`RISCV_HWPROBE_MISALIGNED_EMULATED`: Misaligned accesses are
198    emulated via software, either in or below the kernel.  These accesses are
199    always extremely slow.
200
201  * :c:macro:`RISCV_HWPROBE_MISALIGNED_SLOW`: Misaligned accesses are slower
202    than equivalent byte accesses.  Misaligned accesses may be supported
203    directly in hardware, or trapped and emulated by software.
204
205  * :c:macro:`RISCV_HWPROBE_MISALIGNED_FAST`: Misaligned accesses are faster
206    than equivalent byte accesses.
207
208  * :c:macro:`RISCV_HWPROBE_MISALIGNED_UNSUPPORTED`: Misaligned accesses are
209    not supported at all and will generate a misaligned address fault.
210
211* :c:macro:`RISCV_HWPROBE_KEY_ZICBOZ_BLOCK_SIZE`: An unsigned int which
212  represents the size of the Zicboz block in bytes.
213