xref: /linux/Documentation/admin-guide/media/mgb4.rst (revision 53597deca0e38c30e6cd4ba2114fa42d2bcd85bb)
1.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
2
3.. include:: <isonum.txt>
4
5The mgb4 driver
6===============
7
8Copyright |copy| 2023 - 2025 Digiteq Automotive
9    author: Martin Tůma <martin.tuma@digiteqautomotive.com>
10
11This is a v4l2 device driver for the Digiteq Automotive FrameGrabber 4, a PCIe
12card capable of capturing and generating FPD-Link III and GMSL2/3 video streams
13as used in the automotive industry.
14
15sysfs interface
16---------------
17
18The mgb4 driver provides a sysfs interface, that is used to configure video
19stream related parameters (some of them must be set properly before the v4l2
20device can be opened) and obtain the video device/stream status.
21
22There are two types of parameters - global / PCI card related, found under
23``/sys/class/video4linux/videoX/device`` and module specific found under
24``/sys/class/video4linux/videoX``.
25
26Global (PCI card) parameters
27~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
28
29**module_type** (R):
30    Module type.
31
32    | 0 - No module present
33    | 1 - FPDL3
34    | 2 - GMSL3 (one serializer, two daisy chained deserializers)
35    | 3 - GMSL3 (one serializer, two deserializers)
36    | 4 - GMSL3 (two deserializers with two daisy chain outputs)
37    | 6 - GMSL1
38    | 8 - GMSL3 coax
39
40**module_version** (R):
41    Module version number. Zero in case of a missing module.
42
43**fw_type** (R):
44    Firmware type.
45
46    | 1 - FPDL3
47    | 2 - GMSL3
48    | 3 - GMSL1
49
50**fw_version** (R):
51    Firmware version number.
52
53**serial_number** (R):
54    Card serial number. The format is::
55
56        PRODUCT-REVISION-SERIES-SERIAL
57
58    where each component is a 8b number.
59
60Common FPDL3/GMSL input parameters
61~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
62
63**input_id** (R):
64    Input number ID, zero based.
65
66**oldi_lane_width** (RW):
67    Number of deserializer output lanes.
68
69    | 0 - single
70    | 1 - dual (default)
71
72**color_mapping** (RW):
73    Mapping of the incoming bits in the signal to the colour bits of the pixels.
74
75    | 0 - OLDI/JEIDA
76    | 1 - SPWG/VESA (default)
77    | 2 - ZDML
78
79**link_status** (R):
80    Video link status. If the link is locked, chips are properly connected and
81    communicating at the same speed and protocol. The link can be locked without
82    an active video stream.
83
84    A value of 0 is equivalent to the V4L2_IN_ST_NO_SYNC flag of the V4L2
85    VIDIOC_ENUMINPUT status bits.
86
87    | 0 - unlocked
88    | 1 - locked
89
90**stream_status** (R):
91    Video stream status. A stream is detected if the link is locked, the input
92    pixel clock is running and the DE signal is moving.
93
94    A value of 0 is equivalent to the V4L2_IN_ST_NO_SIGNAL flag of the V4L2
95    VIDIOC_ENUMINPUT status bits.
96
97    | 0 - not detected
98    | 1 - detected
99
100**video_width** (R):
101    Video stream width. This is the actual width as detected by the HW.
102
103    The value is identical to what VIDIOC_QUERY_DV_TIMINGS returns in the width
104    field of the v4l2_bt_timings struct.
105
106**video_height** (R):
107    Video stream height. This is the actual height as detected by the HW.
108
109    The value is identical to what VIDIOC_QUERY_DV_TIMINGS returns in the height
110    field of the v4l2_bt_timings struct.
111
112**vsync_status** (R):
113    The type of VSYNC pulses as detected by the video format detector.
114
115    The value is equivalent to the flags returned by VIDIOC_QUERY_DV_TIMINGS in
116    the polarities field of the v4l2_bt_timings struct.
117
118    | 0 - active low
119    | 1 - active high
120    | 2 - not available
121
122**hsync_status** (R):
123    The type of HSYNC pulses as detected by the video format detector.
124
125    The value is equivalent to the flags returned by VIDIOC_QUERY_DV_TIMINGS in
126    the polarities field of the v4l2_bt_timings struct.
127
128    | 0 - active low
129    | 1 - active high
130    | 2 - not available
131
132**vsync_gap_length** (RW):
133    If the incoming video signal does not contain synchronization VSYNC and
134    HSYNC pulses, these must be generated internally in the FPGA to achieve
135    the correct frame ordering. This value indicates, how many "empty" pixels
136    (pixels with deasserted Data Enable signal) are necessary to generate the
137    internal VSYNC pulse.
138
139**hsync_gap_length** (RW):
140    If the incoming video signal does not contain synchronization VSYNC and
141    HSYNC pulses, these must be generated internally in the FPGA to achieve
142    the correct frame ordering. This value indicates, how many "empty" pixels
143    (pixels with deasserted Data Enable signal) are necessary to generate the
144    internal HSYNC pulse. The value must be greater than 1 and smaller than
145    vsync_gap_length.
146
147**pclk_frequency** (R):
148    Input pixel clock frequency in kHz.
149
150    The value is identical to what VIDIOC_QUERY_DV_TIMINGS returns in
151    the pixelclock field of the v4l2_bt_timings struct.
152
153    *Note: The frequency_range parameter must be set properly first to get
154    a valid frequency here.*
155
156**hsync_width** (R):
157    Width of the HSYNC signal in PCLK clock ticks.
158
159    The value is identical to what VIDIOC_QUERY_DV_TIMINGS returns in
160    the hsync field of the v4l2_bt_timings struct.
161
162**vsync_width** (R):
163    Width of the VSYNC signal in PCLK clock ticks.
164
165    The value is identical to what VIDIOC_QUERY_DV_TIMINGS returns in
166    the vsync field of the v4l2_bt_timings struct.
167
168**hback_porch** (R):
169    Number of PCLK pulses between deassertion of the HSYNC signal and the first
170    valid pixel in the video line (marked by DE=1).
171
172    The value is identical to what VIDIOC_QUERY_DV_TIMINGS returns in
173    the hbackporch field of the v4l2_bt_timings struct.
174
175**hfront_porch** (R):
176    Number of PCLK pulses between the end of the last valid pixel in the video
177    line (marked by DE=1) and assertion of the HSYNC signal.
178
179    The value is identical to what VIDIOC_QUERY_DV_TIMINGS returns in
180    the hfrontporch field of the v4l2_bt_timings struct.
181
182**vback_porch** (R):
183    Number of video lines between deassertion of the VSYNC signal and the video
184    line with the first valid pixel (marked by DE=1).
185
186    The value is identical to what VIDIOC_QUERY_DV_TIMINGS returns in
187    the vbackporch field of the v4l2_bt_timings struct.
188
189**vfront_porch** (R):
190    Number of video lines between the end of the last valid pixel line (marked
191    by DE=1) and assertion of the VSYNC signal.
192
193    The value is identical to what VIDIOC_QUERY_DV_TIMINGS returns in
194    the vfrontporch field of the v4l2_bt_timings struct.
195
196**frequency_range** (RW)
197    PLL frequency range of the OLDI input clock generator. The PLL frequency is
198    derived from the Pixel Clock Frequency (PCLK) and is equal to PCLK if
199    oldi_lane_width is set to "single" and PCLK/2 if oldi_lane_width is set to
200    "dual".
201
202    | 0 - PLL < 50MHz (default)
203    | 1 - PLL >= 50MHz
204
205    *Note: This parameter can not be changed while the input v4l2 device is
206    open.*
207
208Common FPDL3/GMSL output parameters
209~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
210
211**output_id** (R):
212    Output number ID, zero based.
213
214**video_source** (RW):
215    Output video source. If set to 0 or 1, the source is the corresponding card
216    input and the v4l2 output devices are disabled. If set to 2 or 3, the source
217    is the corresponding v4l2 video output device. The default is
218    the corresponding v4l2 output, i.e. 2 for OUT1 and 3 for OUT2.
219
220    | 0 - input 0
221    | 1 - input 1
222    | 2 - v4l2 output 0
223    | 3 - v4l2 output 1
224
225    *Note: This parameter can not be changed while ANY of the input/output v4l2
226    devices is open.*
227
228**display_width** (RW):
229    Display width. There is no autodetection of the connected display, so the
230    proper value must be set before the start of streaming. The default width
231    is 1280.
232
233    *Note: This parameter can not be changed while the output v4l2 device is
234    open.*
235
236**display_height** (RW):
237    Display height. There is no autodetection of the connected display, so the
238    proper value must be set before the start of streaming. The default height
239    is 640.
240
241    *Note: This parameter can not be changed while the output v4l2 device is
242    open.*
243
244**color_mapping** (RW):
245    Mapping of the outgoing bits in the signal to the colour bits of the pixels.
246
247    | 0 - OLDI/JEIDA
248    | 1 - SPWG/VESA (default)
249    | 2 - ZDML
250
251**frame_rate** (RW):
252    Output video signal frame rate limit in frames per second. Due to
253    the limited output pixel clock steps, the card can not always generate
254    a frame rate perfectly matching the value required by the connected display.
255    Using this parameter one can limit the frame rate by "crippling" the signal
256    so that the lines are not equal (the porches of the last line differ) but
257    the signal appears like having the exact frame rate to the connected display.
258    The default frame rate limit is 60Hz.
259
260**hsync_polarity** (RW):
261    HSYNC signal polarity.
262
263    | 0 - active low (default)
264    | 1 - active high
265
266**vsync_polarity** (RW):
267    VSYNC signal polarity.
268
269    | 0 - active low (default)
270    | 1 - active high
271
272**de_polarity** (RW):
273    DE signal polarity.
274
275    | 0 - active low
276    | 1 - active high (default)
277
278**pclk_frequency** (RW):
279    Output pixel clock frequency. Allowed values are between 25000-190000(kHz)
280    and there is a non-linear stepping between two consecutive allowed
281    frequencies. The driver finds the nearest allowed frequency to the given
282    value and sets it. When reading this property, you get the exact
283    frequency set by the driver. The default frequency is 61150kHz.
284
285    *Note: This parameter can not be changed while the output v4l2 device is
286    open.*
287
288**hsync_width** (RW):
289    Width of the HSYNC signal in pixels. The default value is 40.
290
291**vsync_width** (RW):
292    Width of the VSYNC signal in video lines. The default value is 20.
293
294**hback_porch** (RW):
295    Number of PCLK pulses between deassertion of the HSYNC signal and the first
296    valid pixel in the video line (marked by DE=1). The default value is 50.
297
298**hfront_porch** (RW):
299    Number of PCLK pulses between the end of the last valid pixel in the video
300    line (marked by DE=1) and assertion of the HSYNC signal. The default value
301    is 50.
302
303**vback_porch** (RW):
304    Number of video lines between deassertion of the VSYNC signal and the video
305    line with the first valid pixel (marked by DE=1). The default value is 31.
306
307**vfront_porch** (RW):
308    Number of video lines between the end of the last valid pixel line (marked
309    by DE=1) and assertion of the VSYNC signal. The default value is 30.
310
311FPDL3 specific input parameters
312~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
313
314**fpdl3_input_width** (RW):
315    Number of deserializer input lines.
316
317    | 0 - auto (default)
318    | 1 - single
319    | 2 - dual
320
321FPDL3 specific output parameters
322~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
323
324**fpdl3_output_width** (RW):
325    Number of serializer output lines.
326
327    | 0 - auto (default)
328    | 1 - single
329    | 2 - dual
330
331GMSL specific input parameters
332~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
333
334**gmsl_mode** (RW):
335    GMSL speed mode.
336
337    | 0 - 12Gb/s (default)
338    | 1 - 6Gb/s
339    | 2 - 3Gb/s
340    | 3 - 1.5Gb/s
341
342**gmsl_stream_id** (RW):
343    The GMSL multi-stream contains up to four video streams. This parameter
344    selects which stream is captured by the video input. The value is the
345    zero-based index of the stream. The default stream id is 0.
346
347    *Note: This parameter can not be changed while the input v4l2 device is
348    open.*
349
350**gmsl_fec** (RW):
351    GMSL Forward Error Correction (FEC).
352
353    | 0 - disabled
354    | 1 - enabled (default)
355
356MTD partitions
357--------------
358
359The mgb4 driver creates a MTD device with two partitions:
360 - mgb4-fw.X - FPGA firmware.
361 - mgb4-data.X - Factory settings, e.g. card serial number.
362
363The *mgb4-fw* partition is writable and is used for FW updates, *mgb4-data* is
364read-only. The *X* attached to the partition name represents the card number.
365Depending on the CONFIG_MTD_PARTITIONED_MASTER kernel configuration, you may
366also have a third partition named *mgb4-flash* available in the system. This
367partition represents the whole, unpartitioned, card's FLASH memory and one should
368not fiddle with it...
369
370IIO (triggers)
371--------------
372
373The mgb4 driver creates an Industrial I/O (IIO) device that provides trigger and
374signal level status capability. The following scan elements are available:
375
376**activity**:
377	The trigger levels and pending status.
378
379	| bit 1 - trigger 1 pending
380	| bit 2 - trigger 2 pending
381	| bit 5 - trigger 1 level
382	| bit 6 - trigger 2 level
383
384**timestamp**:
385	The trigger event timestamp.
386
387The iio device can operate either in "raw" mode where you can fetch the signal
388levels (activity bits 5 and 6) using sysfs access or in triggered buffer mode.
389In the triggered buffer mode you can follow the signal level changes (activity
390bits 1 and 2) using the iio device in /dev. If you enable the timestamps, you
391will also get the exact trigger event time that can be matched to a video frame
392(every mgb4 video frame has a timestamp with the same clock source).
393
394*Note: although the activity sample always contains all the status bits, it makes
395no sense to get the pending bits in raw mode or the level bits in the triggered
396buffer mode - the values do not represent valid data in such case.*
397