xref: /freebsd/usr.bin/top/machine.c (revision 6d6fa4fdc91da5ab90eb43c8cd016b52a9435644)
1 /*
2  * top - a top users display for Unix
3  *
4  * SYNOPSIS:  For FreeBSD-2.x and later
5  *
6  * DESCRIPTION:
7  * Originally written for BSD4.4 system by Christos Zoulas.
8  * Ported to FreeBSD 2.x by Steven Wallace && Wolfram Schneider
9  * Order support hacked in from top-3.5beta6/machine/m_aix41.c
10  *   by Monte Mitzelfelt (for latest top see http://www.groupsys.com/topinfo/)
11  *
12  * This is the machine-dependent module for FreeBSD 2.2
13  * Works for:
14  *	FreeBSD 2.2.x, 3.x, 4.x, and probably FreeBSD 2.1.x
15  *
16  * LIBS: -lkvm
17  *
18  * AUTHOR:  Christos Zoulas <christos@ee.cornell.edu>
19  *          Steven Wallace  <swallace@freebsd.org>
20  *          Wolfram Schneider <wosch@FreeBSD.org>
21  *          Thomas Moestl <tmoestl@gmx.net>
22  *
23  * $FreeBSD$
24  */
25 
26 #include <sys/param.h>
27 #include <sys/errno.h>
28 #include <sys/file.h>
29 #include <sys/proc.h>
30 #include <sys/resource.h>
31 #include <sys/rtprio.h>
32 #include <sys/signal.h>
33 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
34 #include <sys/time.h>
35 #include <sys/user.h>
36 #include <sys/vmmeter.h>
37 
38 #include <kvm.h>
39 #include <math.h>
40 #include <nlist.h>
41 #include <paths.h>
42 #include <pwd.h>
43 #include <stdio.h>
44 #include <stdlib.h>
45 #include <unistd.h>
46 
47 #include "top.h"
48 #include "machine.h"
49 #include "screen.h"
50 #include "utils.h"
51 
52 static void getsysctl(char *, void *, size_t);
53 
54 #define GETSYSCTL(name, var) getsysctl(name, &(var), sizeof(var))
55 
56 extern char* printable(char *);
57 int swapmode(int *retavail, int *retfree);
58 static int smpmode;
59 enum displaymodes displaymode;
60 static int namelength;
61 static int cmdlengthdelta;
62 
63 /* Prototypes for top internals */
64 void quit(int);
65 int compare_pid(const void *a, const void *b);
66 
67 /* get_process_info passes back a handle.  This is what it looks like: */
68 
69 struct handle
70 {
71 	struct kinfo_proc **next_proc;	/* points to next valid proc pointer */
72 	int remaining;			/* number of pointers remaining */
73 };
74 
75 /* declarations for load_avg */
76 #include "loadavg.h"
77 
78 /* define what weighted cpu is.  */
79 #define weighted_cpu(pct, pp) ((pp)->ki_swtime == 0 ? 0.0 : \
80 			 ((pct) / (1.0 - exp((pp)->ki_swtime * logcpu))))
81 
82 /* what we consider to be process size: */
83 #define PROCSIZE(pp) ((pp)->ki_size / 1024)
84 
85 #define RU(pp)	(&(pp)->ki_rusage)
86 #define RUTOT(pp) \
87 	(RU(pp)->ru_inblock + RU(pp)->ru_oublock + RU(pp)->ru_majflt)
88 
89 
90 /* definitions for indices in the nlist array */
91 
92 /*
93  *  These definitions control the format of the per-process area
94  */
95 
96 static char io_header[] =
97 	"  PID %-*.*s   READ  WRITE  FAULT  TOTAL PERCENT COMMAND";
98 
99 #define io_Proc_format \
100 	"%5d %-*.*s %6ld %6ld %6ld %6ld %6.2f%% %.*s"
101 
102 static char smp_header[] =
103 	"  PID %-*.*s PRI NICE   SIZE    RES STATE  C   TIME   WCPU    CPU COMMAND";
104 
105 #define smp_Proc_format \
106 	"%5d %-*.*s %3d %4d%7s %6s %-6.6s %1x%7s %5.2f%% %5.2f%% %.*s"
107 
108 static char up_header[] =
109 	"  PID %-*.*s PRI NICE   SIZE    RES STATE    TIME   WCPU    CPU COMMAND";
110 
111 #define up_Proc_format \
112 	"%5d %-*.*s %3d %4d%7s %6s %-6.6s%.0d%7s %5.2f%% %5.2f%% %.*s"
113 
114 
115 
116 /* process state names for the "STATE" column of the display */
117 /* the extra nulls in the string "run" are for adding a slash and
118    the processor number when needed */
119 
120 char *state_abbrev[] =
121 {
122 	"", "START", "RUN\0\0\0", "SLEEP", "STOP", "ZOMB", "WAIT", "LOCK"
123 };
124 
125 
126 static kvm_t *kd;
127 
128 /* values that we stash away in _init and use in later routines */
129 
130 static double logcpu;
131 
132 /* these are retrieved from the kernel in _init */
133 
134 static load_avg  ccpu;
135 
136 /* these are used in the get_ functions */
137 
138 static int lastpid;
139 
140 /* these are for calculating cpu state percentages */
141 
142 static long cp_time[CPUSTATES];
143 static long cp_old[CPUSTATES];
144 static long cp_diff[CPUSTATES];
145 
146 /* these are for detailing the process states */
147 
148 int process_states[8];
149 char *procstatenames[] = {
150 	"", " starting, ", " running, ", " sleeping, ", " stopped, ",
151 	" zombie, ", " waiting, ", " lock, ",
152 	NULL
153 };
154 
155 /* these are for detailing the cpu states */
156 
157 int cpu_states[CPUSTATES];
158 char *cpustatenames[] = {
159 	"user", "nice", "system", "interrupt", "idle", NULL
160 };
161 
162 /* these are for detailing the memory statistics */
163 
164 int memory_stats[7];
165 char *memorynames[] = {
166 	/* 0             1            2            3            4          5 */
167 	"K Active, ", "K Inact, ", "K Wired, ", "K Cache, ", "K Buf, ", "K Free",
168 	NULL
169 };
170 
171 int swap_stats[7];
172 char *swapnames[] = {
173 	/* 0            1           2           3            4         5 */
174 	"K Total, ", "K Used, ", "K Free, ", "% Inuse, ", "K In, ", "K Out",
175 	NULL
176 };
177 
178 
179 /* these are for keeping track of the proc array */
180 
181 static int nproc;
182 static int onproc = -1;
183 static int pref_len;
184 static struct kinfo_proc *pbase;
185 static struct kinfo_proc **pref;
186 static struct kinfo_proc *previous_procs;
187 static struct kinfo_proc **previous_pref;
188 static int previous_proc_count = 0;
189 static int previous_proc_count_max = 0;
190 
191 /* total number of io operations */
192 static long total_inblock;
193 static long total_oublock;
194 static long total_majflt;
195 
196 /* these are for getting the memory statistics */
197 
198 static int pageshift;		/* log base 2 of the pagesize */
199 
200 /* define pagetok in terms of pageshift */
201 
202 #define pagetok(size) ((size) << pageshift)
203 
204 /* useful externals */
205 long percentages();
206 
207 #ifdef ORDER
208 /* sorting orders. first is default */
209 char *ordernames[] = {
210 	"cpu", "size", "res", "time", "pri", NULL
211 };
212 #endif
213 
214 int
215 machine_init(struct statics *statics)
216 {
217 	int pagesize;
218 	size_t modelen;
219 	struct passwd *pw;
220 
221 	modelen = sizeof(smpmode);
222 	if ((sysctlbyname("machdep.smp_active", &smpmode, &modelen, NULL, 0) < 0 &&
223 		sysctlbyname("kern.smp.active", &smpmode, &modelen, NULL, 0) < 0) ||
224 	    modelen != sizeof(smpmode))
225 		smpmode = 0;
226 
227 	while ((pw = getpwent()) != NULL) {
228 		if (strlen(pw->pw_name) > namelength)
229 			namelength = strlen(pw->pw_name);
230 	}
231 	if (namelength < 8)
232 		namelength = 8;
233 	if (smpmode && namelength > 13)
234 		namelength = 13;
235 	else if (namelength > 15)
236 		namelength = 15;
237 
238 	kd = kvm_open(NULL, _PATH_DEVNULL, NULL, O_RDONLY, "kvm_open");
239 	if (kd == NULL)
240 		return (-1);
241 
242 	GETSYSCTL("kern.ccpu", ccpu);
243 
244 	/* this is used in calculating WCPU -- calculate it ahead of time */
245 	logcpu = log(loaddouble(ccpu));
246 
247 	pbase = NULL;
248 	pref = NULL;
249 	nproc = 0;
250 	onproc = -1;
251 	/* get the page size with "getpagesize" and calculate pageshift from it */
252 	pagesize = getpagesize();
253 	pageshift = 0;
254 	while (pagesize > 1) {
255 		pageshift++;
256 		pagesize >>= 1;
257 	}
258 
259 	/* we only need the amount of log(2)1024 for our conversion */
260 	pageshift -= LOG1024;
261 
262 	/* fill in the statics information */
263 	statics->procstate_names = procstatenames;
264 	statics->cpustate_names = cpustatenames;
265 	statics->memory_names = memorynames;
266 	statics->swap_names = swapnames;
267 #ifdef ORDER
268 	statics->order_names = ordernames;
269 #endif
270 
271 	/* all done! */
272 	return (0);
273 }
274 
275 char *
276 format_header(char *uname_field)
277 {
278 	static char Header[128];
279 	const char *prehead;
280 
281 	switch (displaymode) {
282 	case DISP_CPU:
283 		prehead = smpmode ? smp_header : up_header;
284 		break;
285 	case DISP_IO:
286 		prehead = io_header;
287 		break;
288 	}
289 
290 	snprintf(Header, sizeof(Header), prehead,
291 	    namelength, namelength, uname_field);
292 
293 	cmdlengthdelta = strlen(Header) - 7;
294 
295 	return (Header);
296 }
297 
298 static int swappgsin = -1;
299 static int swappgsout = -1;
300 extern struct timeval timeout;
301 
302 void
303 get_system_info(struct system_info *si)
304 {
305 	long total;
306 	struct loadavg sysload;
307 	int mib[2];
308 	struct timeval boottime;
309 	size_t bt_size;
310 	int i;
311 
312 	/* get the cp_time array */
313 	GETSYSCTL("kern.cp_time", cp_time);
314 	GETSYSCTL("vm.loadavg", sysload);
315 	GETSYSCTL("kern.lastpid", lastpid);
316 
317 	/* convert load averages to doubles */
318 	for (i = 0; i < 3; i++)
319 		si->load_avg[i] = (double)sysload.ldavg[i] / sysload.fscale;
320 
321 	/* convert cp_time counts to percentages */
322 	total = percentages(CPUSTATES, cpu_states, cp_time, cp_old, cp_diff);
323 
324 	/* sum memory & swap statistics */
325 	{
326 		static unsigned int swap_delay = 0;
327 		static int swapavail = 0;
328 		static int swapfree = 0;
329 		static int bufspace = 0;
330 		static int nspgsin, nspgsout;
331 
332 		GETSYSCTL("vfs.bufspace", bufspace);
333 		GETSYSCTL("vm.stats.vm.v_active_count", memory_stats[0]);
334 		GETSYSCTL("vm.stats.vm.v_inactive_count", memory_stats[1]);
335 		GETSYSCTL("vm.stats.vm.v_wire_count", memory_stats[2]);
336 		GETSYSCTL("vm.stats.vm.v_cache_count", memory_stats[3]);
337 		GETSYSCTL("vm.stats.vm.v_free_count", memory_stats[5]);
338 		GETSYSCTL("vm.stats.vm.v_swappgsin", nspgsin);
339 		GETSYSCTL("vm.stats.vm.v_swappgsout", nspgsout);
340 		/* convert memory stats to Kbytes */
341 		memory_stats[0] = pagetok(memory_stats[0]);
342 		memory_stats[1] = pagetok(memory_stats[1]);
343 		memory_stats[2] = pagetok(memory_stats[2]);
344 		memory_stats[3] = pagetok(memory_stats[3]);
345 		memory_stats[4] = bufspace / 1024;
346 		memory_stats[5] = pagetok(memory_stats[5]);
347 		memory_stats[6] = -1;
348 
349 		/* first interval */
350 		if (swappgsin < 0) {
351 			swap_stats[4] = 0;
352 			swap_stats[5] = 0;
353 		}
354 
355 		/* compute differences between old and new swap statistic */
356 		else {
357 			swap_stats[4] = pagetok(((nspgsin - swappgsin)));
358 			swap_stats[5] = pagetok(((nspgsout - swappgsout)));
359 		}
360 
361 		swappgsin = nspgsin;
362 		swappgsout = nspgsout;
363 
364 		/* call CPU heavy swapmode() only for changes */
365 		if (swap_stats[4] > 0 || swap_stats[5] > 0 || swap_delay == 0) {
366 			swap_stats[3] = swapmode(&swapavail, &swapfree);
367 			swap_stats[0] = swapavail;
368 			swap_stats[1] = swapavail - swapfree;
369 			swap_stats[2] = swapfree;
370 		}
371 		swap_delay = 1;
372 		swap_stats[6] = -1;
373 	}
374 
375 	/* set arrays and strings */
376 	si->cpustates = cpu_states;
377 	si->memory = memory_stats;
378 	si->swap = swap_stats;
379 
380 
381 	if (lastpid > 0) {
382 		si->last_pid = lastpid;
383 	} else {
384 		si->last_pid = -1;
385 	}
386 
387 	/*
388 	 * Print how long system has been up.
389 	 * (Found by looking getting "boottime" from the kernel)
390 	 */
391 	mib[0] = CTL_KERN;
392 	mib[1] = KERN_BOOTTIME;
393 	bt_size = sizeof(boottime);
394 	if (sysctl(mib, 2, &boottime, &bt_size, NULL, 0) != -1 &&
395 	    boottime.tv_sec != 0) {
396 		si->boottime = boottime;
397 	} else {
398 		si->boottime.tv_sec = -1;
399 	}
400 }
401 
402 const struct kinfo_proc *
403 get_old_proc(struct kinfo_proc *pp)
404 {
405 	struct kinfo_proc **oldpp, *oldp;
406 
407 	if (previous_proc_count == 0)
408 		return (NULL);
409 	oldpp = bsearch(&pp, previous_pref, previous_proc_count,
410 	    sizeof(*previous_pref), compare_pid);
411 	if (oldpp == NULL)
412 		return (NULL);
413 	oldp = *oldpp;
414 	if (bcmp(&oldp->ki_start, &pp->ki_start, sizeof(pp->ki_start)) != 0)
415 		return (NULL);
416 	return (oldp);
417 }
418 
419 long
420 get_io_stats(struct kinfo_proc *pp, long *inp, long *oup, long *flp)
421 {
422 	const struct kinfo_proc *oldp;
423 	static struct kinfo_proc dummy;
424 	long ret;
425 
426 	oldp = get_old_proc(pp);
427 	if (oldp == NULL) {
428 		bzero(&dummy, sizeof(dummy));
429 		oldp = &dummy;
430 	}
431 
432 	*inp = RU(pp)->ru_inblock - RU(oldp)->ru_inblock;
433 	*oup = RU(pp)->ru_oublock - RU(oldp)->ru_oublock;
434 	*flp = RU(pp)->ru_majflt - RU(oldp)->ru_majflt;
435 	ret =
436 	    (RU(pp)->ru_inblock - RU(oldp)->ru_inblock) +
437 	    (RU(pp)->ru_oublock - RU(oldp)->ru_oublock) +
438 	    (RU(pp)->ru_majflt - RU(oldp)->ru_majflt);
439 	return (ret);
440 }
441 
442 long
443 get_io_total(struct kinfo_proc *pp)
444 {
445 	long dummy;
446 
447 	return (get_io_stats(pp, &dummy, &dummy, &dummy));
448 }
449 
450 static struct handle handle;
451 
452 caddr_t
453 get_process_info(struct system_info *si, struct process_select *sel,
454     int (*compare)(const void *, const void *))
455 {
456 	int i;
457 	int total_procs;
458 	long p_io;
459 	long p_inblock, p_oublock, p_majflt;
460 	int active_procs;
461 	struct kinfo_proc **prefp;
462 	struct kinfo_proc *pp;
463 	struct kinfo_proc *prev_pp = NULL;
464 
465 	/* these are copied out of sel for speed */
466 	int show_idle;
467 	int show_self;
468 	int show_system;
469 	int show_uid;
470 	int show_command;
471 
472 	/*
473 	 * Save the previous process info.
474 	 */
475 	if (previous_proc_count_max < nproc) {
476 		free(previous_procs);
477 		previous_procs = malloc(nproc * sizeof(*previous_procs));
478 		free(previous_pref);
479 		previous_pref = malloc(nproc * sizeof(*previous_pref));
480 		if (previous_procs == NULL || previous_pref == NULL) {
481 			(void) fprintf(stderr, "top: Out of memory.\n");
482 			quit(23);
483 		}
484 		previous_proc_count_max = nproc;
485 	}
486 	if (nproc) {
487 		for (i = 0; i < nproc; i++)
488 			previous_pref[i] = &previous_procs[i];
489 		bcopy(pbase, previous_procs, nproc * sizeof(*previous_procs));
490 		qsort(previous_pref, nproc, sizeof(*previous_pref), compare_pid);
491 	}
492 	previous_proc_count = nproc;
493 
494 	pbase = kvm_getprocs(kd, KERN_PROC_ALL, 0, &nproc);
495 	if (nproc > onproc)
496 		pref = realloc(pref, sizeof(*pref) * (onproc = nproc));
497 	if (pref == NULL || pbase == NULL) {
498 		(void) fprintf(stderr, "top: Out of memory.\n");
499 		quit(23);
500 	}
501 	/* get a pointer to the states summary array */
502 	si->procstates = process_states;
503 
504 	/* set up flags which define what we are going to select */
505 	show_idle = sel->idle;
506 	show_self = sel->self;
507 	show_system = sel->system;
508 	show_uid = sel->uid != -1;
509 	show_command = sel->command != NULL;
510 
511 	/* count up process states and get pointers to interesting procs */
512 	total_procs = 0;
513 	active_procs = 0;
514 	total_inblock = 0;
515 	total_oublock = 0;
516 	total_majflt = 0;
517 	memset((char *)process_states, 0, sizeof(process_states));
518 	prefp = pref;
519 	for (pp = pbase, i = 0; i < nproc; pp++, i++) {
520 
521 		if (pp->ki_stat == 0)
522 		/* not in use */
523 		continue;
524 
525 		if (!show_self && pp->ki_pid == sel->self)
526 			/* skip self */
527 			continue;
528 
529 		if (!show_system && (pp->ki_flag & P_SYSTEM))
530 			/* skip system process */
531 			continue;
532 
533 		p_io = get_io_stats(pp, &p_inblock, &p_oublock, &p_majflt);
534 		total_inblock += p_inblock;
535 		total_oublock += p_oublock;
536 		total_majflt += p_majflt;
537 		total_procs++;
538 		process_states[pp->ki_stat]++;
539 
540 		if (pp->ki_stat == SZOMB)
541 			/* skip zombies */
542 			continue;
543 
544 		if (displaymode == DISP_CPU && !show_idle &&
545 		    (pp->ki_pctcpu == 0 || pp->ki_stat != SRUN))
546 			/* skip idle or non-running processes */
547 			continue;
548 
549 		if (displaymode == DISP_IO && !show_idle && p_io == 0)
550 			/* skip processes that aren't doing I/O */
551 			continue;
552 
553 		if (show_uid && pp->ki_ruid != (uid_t)sel->uid)
554 			/* skip processes which don't belong to the selected UID */
555 			continue;
556 
557 		/*
558 		 * When not showing threads, take the first thread
559 		 * for output and add the fields that we can from
560 		 * the rest of the process's threads rather than
561 		 * using the system's mostly-broken KERN_PROC_PROC.
562 		 */
563 		if (sel->thread || prev_pp == NULL ||
564 		    prev_pp->ki_pid != pp->ki_pid) {
565 			*prefp++ = pp;
566 			active_procs++;
567 			prev_pp = pp;
568 		} else {
569 			prev_pp->ki_pctcpu += pp->ki_pctcpu;
570 		}
571 	}
572 
573 	/* if requested, sort the "interesting" processes */
574 	if (compare != NULL)
575 		qsort(pref, active_procs, sizeof(*pref), compare);
576 
577 	/* remember active and total counts */
578 	si->p_total = total_procs;
579 	si->p_active = pref_len = active_procs;
580 
581 	/* pass back a handle */
582 	handle.next_proc = pref;
583 	handle.remaining = active_procs;
584 	return ((caddr_t)&handle);
585 }
586 
587 static char fmt[128];	/* static area where result is built */
588 
589 char *
590 format_next_process(caddr_t handle, char *(*get_userid)(int))
591 {
592 	struct kinfo_proc *pp;
593 	const struct kinfo_proc *oldp;
594 	long cputime;
595 	double pct;
596 	struct handle *hp;
597 	char status[16];
598 	int state;
599 	struct rusage ru, *rup;
600 	long p_tot, s_tot;
601 
602 	/* find and remember the next proc structure */
603 	hp = (struct handle *)handle;
604 	pp = *(hp->next_proc++);
605 	hp->remaining--;
606 
607 	/* get the process's command name */
608 	if ((pp->ki_sflag & PS_INMEM) == 0) {
609 		/*
610 		 * Print swapped processes as <pname>
611 		 */
612 		size_t len = strlen(pp->ki_comm);
613 		if (len > sizeof(pp->ki_comm) - 3)
614 			len = sizeof(pp->ki_comm) - 3;
615 		memmove(pp->ki_comm + 1, pp->ki_comm, len);
616 		pp->ki_comm[0] = '<';
617 		pp->ki_comm[len + 1] = '>';
618 		pp->ki_comm[len + 2] = '\0';
619 	}
620 
621 	/*
622 	 * Convert the process's runtime from microseconds to seconds.  This
623 	 * time includes the interrupt time although that is not wanted here.
624 	 * ps(1) is similarly sloppy.
625 	 */
626 	cputime = (pp->ki_runtime + 500000) / 1000000;
627 
628 	/* calculate the base for cpu percentages */
629 	pct = pctdouble(pp->ki_pctcpu);
630 
631 	/* generate "STATE" field */
632 	switch (state = pp->ki_stat) {
633 	case SRUN:
634 		if (smpmode && pp->ki_oncpu != 0xff)
635 			sprintf(status, "CPU%d", pp->ki_oncpu);
636 		else
637 			strcpy(status, "RUN");
638 		break;
639 	case SLOCK:
640 		if (pp->ki_kiflag & KI_LOCKBLOCK) {
641 			sprintf(status, "*%.6s", pp->ki_lockname);
642 			break;
643 		}
644 		/* fall through */
645 	case SSLEEP:
646 		if (pp->ki_wmesg != NULL) {
647 			sprintf(status, "%.6s", pp->ki_wmesg);
648 			break;
649 		}
650 		/* FALLTHROUGH */
651 	default:
652 
653 		if (state >= 0 &&
654 		    state < sizeof(state_abbrev) / sizeof(*state_abbrev))
655 			sprintf(status, "%.6s", state_abbrev[state]);
656 		else
657 			sprintf(status, "?%5d", state);
658 		break;
659 	}
660 
661 	if (displaymode == DISP_IO) {
662 		oldp = get_old_proc(pp);
663 		if (oldp != NULL) {
664 			ru.ru_inblock = RU(pp)->ru_inblock - RU(oldp)->ru_inblock;
665 			ru.ru_oublock = RU(pp)->ru_oublock - RU(oldp)->ru_oublock;
666 			ru.ru_majflt = RU(pp)->ru_majflt - RU(oldp)->ru_majflt;
667 			rup = &ru;
668 		} else {
669 			rup = RU(pp);
670 		}
671 		p_tot = rup->ru_inblock + rup->ru_oublock + rup->ru_majflt;
672 		s_tot = total_inblock + total_oublock + total_majflt;
673 
674 		sprintf(fmt, io_Proc_format,
675 		    pp->ki_pid,
676 		    namelength, namelength,
677 		    (*get_userid)(pp->ki_ruid),
678 		    rup->ru_inblock,
679 		    rup->ru_oublock,
680 		    rup->ru_majflt,
681 		    p_tot,
682 		    s_tot == 0 ? 0.0 : (p_tot * 100.0 / s_tot),
683 		    screen_width > cmdlengthdelta ?
684 		    screen_width - cmdlengthdelta : 0,
685 		    printable(pp->ki_comm));
686 		return (fmt);
687 	}
688 	/* format this entry */
689 	sprintf(fmt,
690 	    smpmode ? smp_Proc_format : up_Proc_format,
691 	    pp->ki_pid,
692 	    namelength, namelength,
693 	    (*get_userid)(pp->ki_ruid),
694 	    pp->ki_pri.pri_level - PZERO,
695 
696 	    /*
697 	     * normal time      -> nice value -20 - +20
698 	     * real time 0 - 31 -> nice value -52 - -21
699 	     * idle time 0 - 31 -> nice value +21 - +52
700 	     */
701 	    (pp->ki_pri.pri_class ==  PRI_TIMESHARE ?
702 		pp->ki_nice - NZERO :
703 		(PRI_IS_REALTIME(pp->ki_pri.pri_class) ?
704 		    (PRIO_MIN - 1 - (PRI_MAX_REALTIME - pp->ki_pri.pri_level)) :
705 		    (PRIO_MAX + 1 + pp->ki_pri.pri_level - PRI_MIN_IDLE))),
706 	    format_k2(PROCSIZE(pp)),
707 	    format_k2(pagetok(pp->ki_rssize)),
708 	    status,
709 	    smpmode ? pp->ki_lastcpu : 0,
710 	    format_time(cputime),
711 	    100.0 * weighted_cpu(pct, pp),
712 	    100.0 * pct,
713 	    screen_width > cmdlengthdelta ?
714 	    screen_width - cmdlengthdelta :
715 	    0,
716 	    printable(pp->ki_comm));
717 
718 	/* return the result */
719 	return (fmt);
720 }
721 
722 static void
723 getsysctl(char *name, void *ptr, size_t len)
724 {
725 	size_t nlen = len;
726 
727 	if (sysctlbyname(name, ptr, &nlen, NULL, 0) == -1) {
728 		fprintf(stderr, "top: sysctl(%s...) failed: %s\n", name,
729 		    strerror(errno));
730 		quit(23);
731 	}
732 	if (nlen != len) {
733 		fprintf(stderr, "top: sysctl(%s...) expected %lu, got %lu\n", name,
734 		    (unsigned long)len, (unsigned long)nlen);
735 		quit(23);
736 	}
737 }
738 
739 /* comparison routines for qsort */
740 
741 int
742 compare_pid(const void *p1, const void *p2)
743 {
744 	const struct kinfo_proc * const *pp1 = p1;
745 	const struct kinfo_proc * const *pp2 = p2;
746 
747 	if ((*pp2)->ki_pid < 0 || (*pp1)->ki_pid < 0)
748 		abort();
749 
750 	return ((*pp1)->ki_pid - (*pp2)->ki_pid);
751 }
752 
753 /*
754  *  proc_compare - comparison function for "qsort"
755  *	Compares the resource consumption of two processes using five
756  *	distinct keys.  The keys (in descending order of importance) are:
757  *	percent cpu, cpu ticks, state, resident set size, total virtual
758  *	memory usage.  The process states are ordered as follows (from least
759  *	to most important):  WAIT, zombie, sleep, stop, start, run.  The
760  *	array declaration below maps a process state index into a number
761  *	that reflects this ordering.
762  */
763 
764 static int sorted_state[] =
765 {
766 	0,	/* not used		*/
767 	3,	/* sleep		*/
768 	1,	/* ABANDONED (WAIT)	*/
769 	6,	/* run			*/
770 	5,	/* start		*/
771 	2,	/* zombie		*/
772 	4	/* stop			*/
773 };
774 
775 
776 #define ORDERKEY_PCTCPU(a, b) do { \
777 	long diff = (long)(b)->ki_pctcpu - (long)(a)->ki_pctcpu; \
778 	if (diff != 0) \
779 		return (diff > 0 ? 1 : -1); \
780 } while (0)
781 
782 #define ORDERKEY_CPTICKS(a, b) do { \
783 	int64_t diff = (int64_t)(b)->ki_runtime - (int64_t)(a)->ki_runtime; \
784 	if (diff != 0) \
785 		return (diff > 0 ? 1 : -1); \
786 } while (0)
787 
788 #define ORDERKEY_STATE(a, b) do { \
789 	int diff = sorted_state[(b)->ki_stat] - sorted_state[(a)->ki_stat]; \
790 	if (diff != 0) \
791 		return (diff > 0 ? 1 : -1); \
792 } while (0)
793 
794 #define ORDERKEY_PRIO(a, b) do { \
795 	int diff = (int)(b)->ki_pri.pri_level - (int)(a)->ki_pri.pri_level; \
796 	if (diff != 0) \
797 		return (diff > 0 ? 1 : -1); \
798 } while (0)
799 
800 #define ORDERKEY_RSSIZE(a, b) do { \
801 	long diff = (long)(b)->ki_rssize - (long)(a)->ki_rssize; \
802 	if (diff != 0) \
803 		return (diff > 0 ? 1 : -1); \
804 } while (0)
805 
806 #define ORDERKEY_MEM(a, b) do { \
807 	long diff = (long)PROCSIZE((b)) - (long)PROCSIZE((a)); \
808 	if (diff != 0) \
809 		return (diff > 0 ? 1 : -1); \
810 } while (0)
811 
812 /* compare_cpu - the comparison function for sorting by cpu percentage */
813 
814 int
815 #ifdef ORDER
816 compare_cpu(void *arg1, void *arg2)
817 #else
818 proc_compare(void *arg1, void *arg2)
819 #endif
820 {
821 	struct kinfo_proc *p1 = *(struct kinfo_proc **)arg1;
822 	struct kinfo_proc *p2 = *(struct kinfo_proc **)arg2;
823 
824 	ORDERKEY_PCTCPU(p1, p2);
825 	ORDERKEY_CPTICKS(p1, p2);
826 	ORDERKEY_STATE(p1, p2);
827 	ORDERKEY_PRIO(p1, p2);
828 	ORDERKEY_RSSIZE(p1, p2);
829 	ORDERKEY_MEM(p1, p2);
830 
831 	return (0);
832 }
833 
834 #ifdef ORDER
835 /* compare routines */
836 int compare_size(), compare_res(), compare_time(), compare_prio();
837 
838 int (*proc_compares[])() = {
839 	compare_cpu,
840 	compare_size,
841 	compare_res,
842 	compare_time,
843 	compare_prio,
844 	NULL
845 };
846 
847 /* compare_size - the comparison function for sorting by total memory usage */
848 
849 int
850 compare_size(void *arg1, void *arg2)
851 {
852 	struct kinfo_proc *p1 = *(struct kinfo_proc **)arg1;
853 	struct kinfo_proc *p2 = *(struct kinfo_proc **)arg2;
854 
855 	ORDERKEY_MEM(p1, p2);
856 	ORDERKEY_RSSIZE(p1, p2);
857 	ORDERKEY_PCTCPU(p1, p2);
858 	ORDERKEY_CPTICKS(p1, p2);
859 	ORDERKEY_STATE(p1, p2);
860 	ORDERKEY_PRIO(p1, p2);
861 
862 	return (0);
863 }
864 
865 /* compare_res - the comparison function for sorting by resident set size */
866 
867 int
868 compare_res(void *arg1, void *arg2)
869 {
870 	struct kinfo_proc *p1 = *(struct kinfo_proc **)arg1;
871 	struct kinfo_proc *p2 = *(struct kinfo_proc **)arg2;
872 
873 	ORDERKEY_RSSIZE(p1, p2);
874 	ORDERKEY_MEM(p1, p2);
875 	ORDERKEY_PCTCPU(p1, p2);
876 	ORDERKEY_CPTICKS(p1, p2);
877 	ORDERKEY_STATE(p1, p2);
878 	ORDERKEY_PRIO(p1, p2);
879 
880 	return (0);
881 }
882 
883 /* compare_time - the comparison function for sorting by total cpu time */
884 
885 int
886 compare_time(void *arg1, void *arg2)
887 {
888 	struct kinfo_proc *p1 = *(struct kinfo_proc **)arg1;
889 	struct kinfo_proc *p2 = *(struct kinfo_proc **)arg2;
890 
891 	ORDERKEY_CPTICKS(p1, p2);
892 	ORDERKEY_PCTCPU(p1, p2);
893 	ORDERKEY_STATE(p1, p2);
894 	ORDERKEY_PRIO(p1, p2);
895 	ORDERKEY_RSSIZE(p1, p2);
896 	ORDERKEY_MEM(p1, p2);
897 
898 	return (0);
899 }
900 
901 /* compare_prio - the comparison function for sorting by priority */
902 
903 int
904 compare_prio(void *arg1, void *arg2)
905 {
906 	struct kinfo_proc *p1 = *(struct kinfo_proc **)arg1;
907 	struct kinfo_proc *p2 = *(struct kinfo_proc **)arg2;
908 
909 	ORDERKEY_PRIO(p1, p2);
910 	ORDERKEY_CPTICKS(p1, p2);
911 	ORDERKEY_PCTCPU(p1, p2);
912 	ORDERKEY_STATE(p1, p2);
913 	ORDERKEY_RSSIZE(p1, p2);
914 	ORDERKEY_MEM(p1, p2);
915 
916 	return (0);
917 }
918 #endif
919 
920 int
921 io_compare(void *arg1, void *arg2)
922 {
923 	struct kinfo_proc *p1 = *(struct kinfo_proc **)arg1;
924 	struct kinfo_proc *p2 = *(struct kinfo_proc **)arg2;
925 
926 	return (get_io_total(p2) - get_io_total(p1));
927 }
928 /*
929  * proc_owner(pid) - returns the uid that owns process "pid", or -1 if
930  *		the process does not exist.
931  *		It is EXTREMLY IMPORTANT that this function work correctly.
932  *		If top runs setuid root (as in SVR4), then this function
933  *		is the only thing that stands in the way of a serious
934  *		security problem.  It validates requests for the "kill"
935  *		and "renice" commands.
936  */
937 
938 int
939 proc_owner(int pid)
940 {
941 	int cnt;
942 	struct kinfo_proc **prefp;
943 	struct kinfo_proc *pp;
944 
945 	prefp = pref;
946 	cnt = pref_len;
947 	while (--cnt >= 0) {
948 		pp = *prefp++;
949 		if (pp->ki_pid == (pid_t)pid)
950 			return ((int)pp->ki_ruid);
951 	}
952 	return (-1);
953 }
954 
955 int
956 swapmode(int *retavail, int *retfree)
957 {
958 	int n;
959 	int pagesize = getpagesize();
960 	struct kvm_swap swapary[1];
961 
962 	*retavail = 0;
963 	*retfree = 0;
964 
965 #define CONVERT(v)	((quad_t)(v) * pagesize / 1024)
966 
967 	n = kvm_getswapinfo(kd, swapary, 1, 0);
968 	if (n < 0 || swapary[0].ksw_total == 0)
969 		return (0);
970 
971 	*retavail = CONVERT(swapary[0].ksw_total);
972 	*retfree = CONVERT(swapary[0].ksw_total - swapary[0].ksw_used);
973 
974 	n = (int)(swapary[0].ksw_used * 100.0 / swapary[0].ksw_total);
975 	return (n);
976 }
977