xref: /freebsd/sys/kern/subr_msgbuf.c (revision 2e3f49888ec8851bafb22011533217487764fdb0)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2003 Ian Dowse.  All rights reserved.
5  *
6  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
7  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
8  * are met:
9  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
10  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
11  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
13  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
14  *
15  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
16  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
17  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
18  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
19  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
20  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
21  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
22  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
23  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
24  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
25  * SUCH DAMAGE.
26  */
27 
28 /*
29  * Generic message buffer support routines.
30  */
31 
32 #include <sys/param.h>
33 #include <sys/systm.h>
34 #include <sys/lock.h>
35 #include <sys/kernel.h>
36 #include <sys/mutex.h>
37 #include <sys/msgbuf.h>
38 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
39 
40 /*
41  * Maximum number conversion buffer length: uintmax_t in base 2, plus <>
42  * around the priority, and a terminating NUL.
43  */
44 #define	MAXPRIBUF	(sizeof(intmax_t) * NBBY + 3)
45 
46 /* Read/write sequence numbers are modulo a multiple of the buffer size. */
47 #define SEQMOD(size) ((size) * 16)
48 
49 static u_int msgbuf_cksum(struct msgbuf *mbp);
50 
51 /*
52  * Timestamps in msgbuf are useful when trying to diagnose when core dumps
53  * or other actions occurred.
54  */
55 static int msgbuf_show_timestamp = 0;
56 SYSCTL_INT(_kern, OID_AUTO, msgbuf_show_timestamp, CTLFLAG_RWTUN,
57     &msgbuf_show_timestamp, 0, "Show timestamp in msgbuf");
58 
59 /*
60  * Initialize a message buffer of the specified size at the specified
61  * location. This also zeros the buffer area.
62  */
63 void
64 msgbuf_init(struct msgbuf *mbp, void *ptr, int size)
65 {
66 
67 	mbp->msg_ptr = ptr;
68 	mbp->msg_size = size;
69 	mbp->msg_seqmod = SEQMOD(size);
70 	mbp->msg_lastpri = -1;
71 	mbp->msg_flags = 0;
72 	msgbuf_clear(mbp);
73 	mbp->msg_magic = MSG_MAGIC;
74 	bzero(&mbp->msg_lock, sizeof(mbp->msg_lock));
75 	mtx_init(&mbp->msg_lock, "msgbuf", NULL, MTX_SPIN);
76 }
77 
78 /*
79  * Reinitialize a message buffer, retaining its previous contents if
80  * the size and checksum are correct. If the old contents cannot be
81  * recovered, the message buffer is cleared.
82  */
83 void
84 msgbuf_reinit(struct msgbuf *mbp, void *ptr, int size)
85 {
86 	u_int cksum;
87 
88 	if (mbp->msg_magic != MSG_MAGIC || mbp->msg_size != size) {
89 		msgbuf_init(mbp, ptr, size);
90 		return;
91 	}
92 	mbp->msg_seqmod = SEQMOD(size);
93 	mbp->msg_wseq = MSGBUF_SEQNORM(mbp, mbp->msg_wseq);
94 	mbp->msg_rseq = MSGBUF_SEQNORM(mbp, mbp->msg_rseq);
95         mbp->msg_ptr = ptr;
96 	cksum = msgbuf_cksum(mbp);
97 	if (cksum != mbp->msg_cksum) {
98 		if (bootverbose) {
99 			printf("msgbuf cksum mismatch (read %x, calc %x)\n",
100 			    mbp->msg_cksum, cksum);
101 			printf("Old msgbuf not recovered\n");
102 		}
103 		msgbuf_clear(mbp);
104 	}
105 
106 	mbp->msg_lastpri = -1;
107 	/* Assume that the old message buffer didn't end in a newline. */
108 	mbp->msg_flags |= MSGBUF_NEEDNL;
109 	bzero(&mbp->msg_lock, sizeof(mbp->msg_lock));
110 	mtx_init(&mbp->msg_lock, "msgbuf", NULL, MTX_SPIN);
111 }
112 
113 /*
114  * Clear the message buffer.
115  */
116 void
117 msgbuf_clear(struct msgbuf *mbp)
118 {
119 
120 	bzero(mbp->msg_ptr, mbp->msg_size);
121 	mbp->msg_wseq = 0;
122 	mbp->msg_rseq = 0;
123 	mbp->msg_cksum = 0;
124 	mbp->msg_flags &= ~MSGBUF_WRAP;
125 }
126 
127 /*
128  * Get a count of the number of unread characters in the message buffer.
129  */
130 int
131 msgbuf_getcount(struct msgbuf *mbp)
132 {
133 	u_int len;
134 
135 	len = MSGBUF_SEQSUB(mbp, mbp->msg_wseq, mbp->msg_rseq);
136 	if (len > mbp->msg_size)
137 		len = mbp->msg_size;
138 	return (len);
139 }
140 
141 /*
142  * Add a character into the message buffer, and update the checksum and
143  * sequence number.
144  *
145  * The caller should hold the message buffer spinlock.
146  */
147 static void
148 msgbuf_do_addchar(struct msgbuf * const mbp, const int c)
149 {
150 	u_int pos;
151 
152 	/* Make sure we properly wrap the sequence number. */
153 	pos = MSGBUF_SEQ_TO_POS(mbp, mbp->msg_wseq);
154 	mbp->msg_cksum += (u_int)(u_char)c -
155 	    (u_int)(u_char)mbp->msg_ptr[pos];
156 	mbp->msg_ptr[pos] = c;
157 	mbp->msg_wseq = MSGBUF_SEQADD(mbp, mbp->msg_wseq, 1);
158 }
159 
160 /*
161  * Append a character to a message buffer.
162  */
163 void
164 msgbuf_addchar(struct msgbuf *mbp, int c)
165 {
166 	mtx_lock_spin(&mbp->msg_lock);
167 
168 	msgbuf_do_addchar(mbp, c);
169 	if (mbp->msg_wseq >= mbp->msg_size)
170 		mbp->msg_flags |= MSGBUF_WRAP;
171 
172 	mtx_unlock_spin(&mbp->msg_lock);
173 }
174 
175 /*
176  * Append a NUL-terminated string with a priority to a message buffer.
177  * Filter carriage returns if the caller requests it.
178  *
179  * XXX The carriage return filtering behavior is present in the
180  * msglogchar() API, however testing has shown that we don't seem to send
181  * carriage returns down this path.  So do we still need it?
182  */
183 void
184 msgbuf_addstr(struct msgbuf *mbp, int pri, const char *str, int filter_cr)
185 {
186 	size_t len, prefix_len;
187 	char prefix[MAXPRIBUF];
188 	char buf[32];
189 	int i, j, needtime;
190 
191 	len = strlen(str);
192 	prefix_len = 0;
193 
194 	/* If we have a zero-length string, no need to do anything. */
195 	if (len == 0)
196 		return;
197 
198 	mtx_lock_spin(&mbp->msg_lock);
199 
200 	/*
201 	 * If this is true, we may need to insert a new priority sequence,
202 	 * so prepare the prefix.
203 	 */
204 	if (pri != -1)
205 		prefix_len = sprintf(prefix, "<%d>", pri);
206 
207 	/*
208 	 * Whenever there is a change in priority, we have to insert a
209 	 * newline, and a priority prefix if the priority is not -1.  Here
210 	 * we detect whether there was a priority change, and whether we
211 	 * did not end with a newline.  If that is the case, we need to
212 	 * insert a newline before this string.
213 	 */
214 	if (mbp->msg_lastpri != pri && (mbp->msg_flags & MSGBUF_NEEDNL) != 0) {
215 		msgbuf_do_addchar(mbp, '\n');
216 		mbp->msg_flags &= ~MSGBUF_NEEDNL;
217 	}
218 
219 	needtime = 1;
220 	for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
221 		/*
222 		 * If we just had a newline, and the priority is not -1
223 		 * (and therefore prefix_len != 0), then we need a priority
224 		 * prefix for this line.
225 		 */
226 		if ((mbp->msg_flags & MSGBUF_NEEDNL) == 0 && prefix_len != 0) {
227 			int j;
228 
229 			for (j = 0; j < prefix_len; j++)
230 				msgbuf_do_addchar(mbp, prefix[j]);
231 		}
232 
233 		if (msgbuf_show_timestamp && needtime == 1 &&
234 		    (mbp->msg_flags & MSGBUF_NEEDNL) == 0) {
235 			if (msgbuf_show_timestamp == 1) {
236 				snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "[%jd] ",
237 				    (intmax_t)time_uptime);
238 			} else {
239 				struct timeval tv;
240 
241 				microuptime(&tv);
242 				snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "[%jd.%06d] ",
243 				    (intmax_t)tv.tv_sec, (int)tv.tv_usec);
244 			}
245 			for (j = 0; buf[j] != '\0'; j++)
246 				msgbuf_do_addchar(mbp, buf[j]);
247 			needtime = 0;
248 		}
249 
250 		/*
251 		 * Don't copy carriage returns if the caller requested
252 		 * filtering.
253 		 *
254 		 * XXX This matches the behavior of msglogchar(), but is it
255 		 * necessary?  Testing has shown that we don't seem to get
256 		 * carriage returns here.
257 		 */
258 		if ((filter_cr != 0) && (str[i] == '\r'))
259 			continue;
260 
261 		/*
262 		 * Clear this flag if we see a newline.  This affects whether
263 		 * we need to insert a new prefix or insert a newline later.
264 		 */
265 		if (str[i] == '\n')
266 			mbp->msg_flags &= ~MSGBUF_NEEDNL;
267 		else
268 			mbp->msg_flags |= MSGBUF_NEEDNL;
269 
270 		msgbuf_do_addchar(mbp, str[i]);
271 	}
272 	if (mbp->msg_wseq >= mbp->msg_size)
273 		mbp->msg_flags |= MSGBUF_WRAP;
274 
275 	/*
276 	 * Set the last priority.
277 	 */
278 	mbp->msg_lastpri = pri;
279 
280 	mtx_unlock_spin(&mbp->msg_lock);
281 
282 }
283 
284 /*
285  * Read and mark as read a character from a message buffer.
286  * Returns the character, or -1 if no characters are available.
287  */
288 int
289 msgbuf_getchar(struct msgbuf *mbp)
290 {
291 	u_int len, wseq;
292 	int c;
293 
294 	mtx_lock_spin(&mbp->msg_lock);
295 
296 	wseq = mbp->msg_wseq;
297 	len = MSGBUF_SEQSUB(mbp, wseq, mbp->msg_rseq);
298 	if (len == 0) {
299 		mtx_unlock_spin(&mbp->msg_lock);
300 		return (-1);
301 	}
302 	if (len > mbp->msg_size)
303 		mbp->msg_rseq = MSGBUF_SEQSUB(mbp, wseq, mbp->msg_size);
304 	c = (u_char)mbp->msg_ptr[MSGBUF_SEQ_TO_POS(mbp, mbp->msg_rseq)];
305 	mbp->msg_rseq = MSGBUF_SEQADD(mbp, mbp->msg_rseq, 1);
306 
307 	mtx_unlock_spin(&mbp->msg_lock);
308 
309 	return (c);
310 }
311 
312 /*
313  * Read and mark as read a number of characters from a message buffer.
314  * Returns the number of characters that were placed in `buf'.
315  */
316 int
317 msgbuf_getbytes(struct msgbuf *mbp, char *buf, int buflen)
318 {
319 	u_int len, pos, wseq;
320 
321 	mtx_lock_spin(&mbp->msg_lock);
322 
323 	wseq = mbp->msg_wseq;
324 	len = MSGBUF_SEQSUB(mbp, wseq, mbp->msg_rseq);
325 	if (len == 0) {
326 		mtx_unlock_spin(&mbp->msg_lock);
327 		return (0);
328 	}
329 	if (len > mbp->msg_size) {
330 		mbp->msg_rseq = MSGBUF_SEQSUB(mbp, wseq, mbp->msg_size);
331 		len = mbp->msg_size;
332 	}
333 	pos = MSGBUF_SEQ_TO_POS(mbp, mbp->msg_rseq);
334 	len = min(len, mbp->msg_size - pos);
335 	len = min(len, (u_int)buflen);
336 
337 	bcopy(&mbp->msg_ptr[pos], buf, len);
338 	mbp->msg_rseq = MSGBUF_SEQADD(mbp, mbp->msg_rseq, len);
339 
340 	mtx_unlock_spin(&mbp->msg_lock);
341 
342 	return (len);
343 }
344 
345 /*
346  * Peek at the full contents of a message buffer without marking any
347  * data as read. `seqp' should point to an unsigned integer that
348  * msgbuf_peekbytes() can use to retain state between calls so that
349  * the whole message buffer can be read in multiple short reads.
350  * To initialise this variable to the start of the message buffer,
351  * call msgbuf_peekbytes() with a NULL `buf' parameter.
352  *
353  * Returns the number of characters that were placed in `buf'.
354  */
355 int
356 msgbuf_peekbytes(struct msgbuf *mbp, char *buf, int buflen, u_int *seqp)
357 {
358 	u_int len, pos, wseq;
359 
360 	mtx_lock_spin(&mbp->msg_lock);
361 
362 	if (buf == NULL) {
363 		/* Just initialise *seqp. */
364 		if (mbp->msg_flags & MSGBUF_WRAP)
365 			*seqp = MSGBUF_SEQSUB(mbp, mbp->msg_wseq, mbp->msg_size);
366 		else
367 			*seqp = 0;
368 		mtx_unlock_spin(&mbp->msg_lock);
369 		return (0);
370 	}
371 
372 	wseq = mbp->msg_wseq;
373 	len = MSGBUF_SEQSUB(mbp, wseq, *seqp);
374 	if (len == 0) {
375 		mtx_unlock_spin(&mbp->msg_lock);
376 		return (0);
377 	}
378 	if (len > mbp->msg_size) {
379 		*seqp = MSGBUF_SEQSUB(mbp, wseq, mbp->msg_size);
380 		len = mbp->msg_size;
381 	}
382 	pos = MSGBUF_SEQ_TO_POS(mbp, *seqp);
383 	len = min(len, mbp->msg_size - pos);
384 	len = min(len, (u_int)buflen);
385 	bcopy(&mbp->msg_ptr[MSGBUF_SEQ_TO_POS(mbp, *seqp)], buf, len);
386 	*seqp = MSGBUF_SEQADD(mbp, *seqp, len);
387 
388 	mtx_unlock_spin(&mbp->msg_lock);
389 
390 	return (len);
391 }
392 
393 /*
394  * Compute the checksum for the complete message buffer contents.
395  */
396 static u_int
397 msgbuf_cksum(struct msgbuf *mbp)
398 {
399 	u_int i, sum;
400 
401 	sum = 0;
402 	for (i = 0; i < mbp->msg_size; i++)
403 		sum += (u_char)mbp->msg_ptr[i];
404 	return (sum);
405 }
406 
407 /*
408  * Copy from one message buffer to another.
409  */
410 void
411 msgbuf_copy(struct msgbuf *src, struct msgbuf *dst)
412 {
413 	int c;
414 
415 	while ((c = msgbuf_getchar(src)) >= 0)
416 		msgbuf_addchar(dst, c);
417 }
418 
419 /*
420  * Get a snapshot of the message buffer, without modifying its internal state
421  * (i.e. don't mark any new characters as read).
422  */
423 void
424 msgbuf_duplicate(struct msgbuf *src, struct msgbuf *dst, char *dst_msgptr)
425 {
426 
427 	mtx_lock_spin(&src->msg_lock);
428 	bcopy(src, dst, sizeof(struct msgbuf));
429 	dst->msg_ptr = dst_msgptr;
430 	bcopy(src->msg_ptr, dst->msg_ptr, src->msg_size);
431 	mtx_unlock_spin(&src->msg_lock);
432 }
433