1The UNIX system family tree: Research and BSD 2--------------------------------------------- 3 4First Edition (V1) 5 | 6Second Edition (V2) 7 | 8Third Edition (V3) 9 | 10Fourth Edition (V4) 11 | 12Fifth Edition (V5) 13 | 14Sixth Edition (V6) -----* 15 \ | 16 \ | 17 \ | 18Seventh Edition (V7)----|----------------------* 19 \ | | 20 \ 1BSD | 21 32V | | 22 \ 2BSD---------------* | 23 \ / | | 24 \ / | | 25 \/ | | 26 3BSD | | 27 | | | 28 4.0BSD 2.79BSD | 29 | | | 30 4.1BSD --------------> 2.8BSD <-* 31 | | 32 4.1aBSD -----------\ | 33 | \ | 34 4.1bBSD \ | 35 | \ | 36 *------ 4.1cBSD --------------> 2.9BSD 37 / | | 38Eighth Edition | 2.9BSD-Seismo 39 | | | 40 +----<--- 4.2BSD 2.9.1BSD 41 | | | 42 +----<--- 4.3BSD -------------> 2.10BSD 43 | | / | 44Ninth Edition | / 2.10.1BSD 45 | 4.3BSD Tahoe-----+ | 46 | | \ | 47 | | \ | 48 v | 2.11BSD 49Tenth Edition | | 50 | 2.11BSD rev #430 51 4.3BSD NET/1 | 52 | v 53 4.3BSD Reno 54 | 55 *---------- 4.3BSD NET/2 -------------------+-------------* 56 | | | | 57386BSD 0.0 | | BSD/386 ALPHA 58 | | | | 59386BSD 0.1 ------------>+ | BSD/386 0.3.[13] 60 | \ | 4.4BSD Alpha | 61 | 386BSD 1.0 | | BSD/386 0.9.[34] 62 | | 4.4BSD | 63 | | / | | 64 | | 4.4BSD-Encumbered | | 65 | -NetBSD 0.8 | BSD/386 1.0 66 | / | | | 67FreeBSD 1.0 <-----' *--NetBSD 0.9 | BSD/386 1.1 68 | | .----- 4.4BSD Lite | 69FreeBSD 1.1 | / / | \ | 70 | | / | | \ | 71FreeBSD 1.1.5 .---|--------' | | \ | 72 | / | | | \ | 73FreeBSD 1.1.5.1 / | | | \ | 74 | / *--NetBSD 1.0 <-' | \ | 75 | / | | \ | 76FreeBSD 2.0 <--' | | BSD/OS 2.0 77 | \ | | 78FreeBSD 2.0.5 \ | BSD/OS 2.0.1 79 | .-----\------------- 4.4BSD Lite2 | 80 | | \ | | | | | 81 | | .-----|------Rhapsody | | | | 82 | | | | NetBSD 1.3 | | | 83 | | | | OpenBSD 2.3 | | 84 | | | | BSD/OS 3.0 | 85FreeBSD 2.1 | | | | 86 | | | | *--NetBSD 1.1 -. BSD/OS 2.1 87 | FreeBSD 2.1.5 | | | \ | 88 | | | | *--NetBSD 1.2 \ BSD/OS 3.0 89 | FreeBSD 2.1.6 | | | \ OpenBSD 2.0 | 90 | | | | | \ | | 91 | FreeBSD 2.1.6.1 | | | \ | | 92 | | | | | \ | | 93 | FreeBSD 2.1.7 | | | | | | 94 | | | | | NetBSD 1.2.1 | | 95 | FreeBSD 2.1.7.1 | | | | | 96 | | | | | | 97 | | | | | | 98 *-FreeBSD 2.2 | | | | | 99 | \ | | | | | 100 | FreeBSD 2.2.1 | | | | | 101 | | | | | | | 102 | FreeBSD 2.2.2 | | | OpenBSD 2.1 | 103 | | | | | | | 104 | FreeBSD 2.2.5 | | | | | 105 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.2 | 106 | | | | *--NetBSD 1.3 | | 107 | FreeBSD 2.2.6 | | | | | | 108 | | | | | NetBSD 1.3.1 | BSD/OS 3.1 109 | | | | | | OpenBSD 2.3 | 110 | | | | | NetBSD 1.3.2 | | 111 | FreeBSD 2.2.7 | | | | | | 112 | | | | | | | BSD/OS 4.0 113 | FreeBSD 2.2.8 | | | | | | 114 | | | | | | | | 115 | v | | | | OpenBSD 2.4 | 116 | FreeBSD 2.2.9 | | | | | | 117 | | | | | | | 118FreeBSD 3.0 <--------* | | v | | 119 | | | NetBSD 1.3.3 | | 120 *---FreeBSD 3.1 | | | | 121 | | | | | BSD/OS 4.0.1 122 | FreeBSD 3.2----* | .--*--NetBSD 1.4 OpenBSD 2.5 | 123 | | | | | | | | | 124 | | | | | | | | | 125 | | | | | | | | | 126 | FreeBSD 3.3 | | | | NetBSD 1.4.1 | | 127 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 2.6 | 128 | FreeBSD 3.4 | | | | | | | 129 | | | | | | | | BSD/OS 4.1 130FreeBSD 4.0 | | | | | NetBSD 1.4.2 | | 131 | | | | | | | | | 132 | | | | | | | | | 133 | FreeBSD 3.5 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.7 | 134 | | | | | | | | | 135 | FreeBSD 3.5.1 | | | | | | | 136 | | | | | | | | 137 *---FreeBSD 4.1 | | | | | | | 138 | | | | | | | | | 139 | FreeBSD 4.1.1 | | / | | | | 140 | | | | / | | | | 141 | FreeBSD 4.2 Darwin/ | NetBSD 1.4.3 | | 142 | | Mac OS X | OpenBSD 2.8 BSD/OS 4.2 143 | | | | | | 144 | | | | | | 145 | | 10.0 *--NetBSD 1.5 | | 146 | FreeBSD 4.3 | | | | | 147 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.9 | 148 | | | | NetBSD 1.5.1 | | 149 | | | | | | | 150 | FreeBSD 4.4-. | | NetBSD 1.5.2 | | 151 | | | Mac OS X | | | | 152 | | | 10.1 | | OpenBSD 3.0 | 153 | FreeBSD 4.5 | | | | | | 154 | | \ | | | | BSD/OS 4.3 155 | FreeBSD 4.6 \ | | | OpenBSD 3.1 | 156 | | \ | | NetBSD 1.5.3 | | 157 | FreeBSD 4.6.2 Mac OS X | | | 158 | | 10.2 | | | 159 | FreeBSD 4.7 | | | | 160 | | | *--NetBSD 1.6 OpenBSD 3.2 | 161 | FreeBSD 4.8 | | | | | 162 | | | | NetBSD 1.6.1 | | 163 | |--------. | | | OpenBSD 3.3 BSD/OS 5.0 164 | | \ | | | | | 165 | FreeBSD 4.9 | | | | OpenBSD 3.4 BSD/OS 5.1 ISE 166 | | | | | | | 167 | | | | | NetBSD 1.6.2 | 168 | | | | | | | 169 | | | | | | OpenBSD 3.5 170 | | | | | v | 171 | FreeBSD 4.10 | | | | 172 | | | | | | 173 | FreeBSD 4.11 | | | | 174 | | | | | 175 | `-|------|-----------------|---------------------. 176 | | | | \ 177FreeBSD 5.0 | | | | 178 | | | | | 179FreeBSD 5.1 | | | DragonFly 1.0 180 | \ | | | | 181 | ----- Mac OS X | | | 182 | 10.3 | | | 183FreeBSD 5.2 | | | | 184 | | | | | | 185 | FreeBSD 5.2.1 | | | | 186 | | | | | 187 *-------FreeBSD 5.3 | | | | 188 | | | | OpenBSD 3.6 | 189 | | | *--NetBSD 2.0 | | 190 | | | | | | | DragonFly 1.2.0 191 | | Mac OS X | | NetBSD 2.0.2 | | 192 | | 10.4 | | | | | 193 | FreeBSD 5.4 | | | | | | 194 | | | | | | OpenBSD 3.7 | 195 | | | | | NetBSD 2.0.3 | | 196 | | | | | | | | 197 *--FreeBSD | | | | v OpenBSD 3.8 | 198 | 6.0 | | | | | | 199 | | | | | \ | | 200 | | | | | NetBSD 2.1 | | 201 | | | | | | | 202 | | | | *--NetBSD 3.0 | | 203 | | | | | | | | DragonFly 1.4.0 204 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 3.9 | 205 | FreeBSD | | | | | | | 206 | 6.1 | | | | | | | 207 | | FreeBSD 5.5 | | | | | | 208 | | | | | NetBSD 3.0.1 | DragonFly 1.6.0 209 | | | | | | | | 210 | | | | | | OpenBSD 4.0 | 211 | | | | | NetBSD 3.0.2 | | 212 | | | | NetBSD 3.1 | | 213 | FreeBSD 6.2 | | | | 214 | | | | | DragonFly 1.8.0 215 | | | | OpenBSD 4.1 | 216 | | | | | DragonFly 1.10.0 217 | | Mac OS X | | | 218 | | 10.5 | | | 219 | | | | OpenBSD 4.2 | 220 | | | *--NetBSD 4.0 | | 221 | FreeBSD 6.3 | | | | | 222 | \ | | | | | 223 *--FreeBSD | | | | | DragonFly 1.12.0 224 | 7.0 | | | | | | 225 | | | | | | OpenBSD 4.3 | 226 | | | | | NetBSD | DragonFly 2.0.0 227 | | FreeBSD | | 4.0.1 OpenBSD 4.4 | 228 | | 6.4 | | | | 229 | | | | | | 230 | FreeBSD 7.1 | | | | 231 | | | | | DragonFly 2.2.0 232 | FreeBSD 7.2 | *--NetBSD OpenBSD 4.5 | 233 | \ | | 5.0 | | 234 | \ | | / | \ | | 235 | | Mac OS X | | | \ | | 236 | | 10.6 | | | \ | | 237 | | | | | | NetBSD | DragonFly 2.4.0 238 | | | | | | 5.0.1 OpenBSD 4.6 | 239 | | | | | | | | | 240 *--FreeBSD | | | | | | | | 241 | 8.0 | | | | | | | | 242 | | FreeBSD | | | | NetBSD | | 243 | | 7.3 | | | | 5.0.2 | DragonFly 2.6.0 244 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 4.7 | 245 | FreeBSD | | | | | | | 246 | 8.1 | | | | | | | 247 | | | | | | | | DragonFly 2.8.2 248 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 4.8 | 249 | | | | | | *--NetBSD | | 250 | FreeBSD FreeBSD | | | 5.1 | | 251 | 8.2 7.4 | | | | | DragonFly 2.10.1 252 | | | | | | OpenBSD 4.9 | 253 | `-----. Mac OS X | | | | | 254 | \ 10.7 | | | | | 255 | | | | | | OpenBSD 5.0 | 256 *--FreeBSD | | | | | | | 257 | 9.0 | | | | NetBSD | DragonFly 3.0.1 258 | | FreeBSD | | | 5.1.2 | | 259 | | 8.3 | | | | | | 260 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 261 | | | | | | 5.1.3 | | 262 | | | | | | | | | 263 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 264 | | | | | | 5.1.4 | | 265 | | | | | | OpenBSD 5.1 | 266 | | | Mac OS X | `--------. | | 267 | | | 10.8 | | | | 268 | | | | *--NetBSD | | | 269 | | | | | 6.0 | | | 270 | | | | | | | | OpenBSD 5.2 DragonFly 3.2.1 271 | FreeBSD | | | | | NetBSD | | 272 | 9.1 | | | | | 5.2 | | 273 | | | | | | | | | | 274 | | | | | | | NetBSD | | 275 | | | | | | | 5.2.1 | | 276 | | | | | | | | | | 277 | | | | | | | NetBSD | | 278 | | | | | | | 5.2.2 | | 279 | | | | | | | | | 280 | | | | | | \ | | 281 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 282 | | | | | | 6.0.1 | | 283 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 5.3 DragonFly 3.4.1 284 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 285 | | | | | | 6.0.2 | | 286 | | | | | | | | | 287 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 288 | | | | | | 6.0.3 | | 289 | | | | | | | | | 290 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 291 | | | | | | 6.0.4 | | 292 | | | | | | | | | 293 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 294 | | | | | | 6.0.5 | | 295 | | | | | | | | | 296 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 297 | | | | | | 6.0.6 | | 298 | | | | | | | | 299 | | | | | *--NetBSD | | 300 | | | | | 6.1 | | 301 | | FreeBSD | | | | | 302 | | 8.4 | | NetBSD | | 303 | | | | | 6.1.1 | | 304 | | | | | | | 305 | FreeBSD | | NetBSD | | 306 | 9.2 | | 6.1.2 | | 307 | | Mac OS X | | | | 308 | | 10.9 | | OpenBSD 5.4 | 309 | `-----. | | | | DragonFly 3.6.0 310 | \ | | | | | 311 *--FreeBSD | | | NetBSD | | 312 | 10.0 | | | 6.1.3 | | 313 | | | | | | | | 314 | | | | | | | DragonFly 3.6.1 315 | | | | | | | | 316 | | | | | | | | 317 | | | | | | | DragonFly 3.6.2 318 | | | | | NetBSD | | 319 | | | | | 6.1.4 | | 320 | | | | | | | | 321 | | | | | | OpenBSD 5.5 | 322 | | | | | | | | 323 | | | | | | | DragonFly 3.8.0 324 | | | | | | | | 325 | | | | | | | | 326 | | | | | | | DragonFly 3.8.1 327 | | | | | | | | 328 | | | | | | | | 329 | | | | | | | DragonFly 3.6.3 330 | | | | | | | | 331 | | FreeBSD | | | | | 332 | | 9.3 | | | | | 333 | | | | NetBSD | DragonFly 3.8.2 334 | | | | 6.1.5 | | 335 | | Mac OS X | | | 336 | | 10.10 | | | 337 | | | | OpenBSD 5.6 | 338 | FreeBSD | | | | 339 | 10.1 | | | DragonFly 4.0.1 340 | | | | | | 341 | | | | | DragonFly 4.0.2 342 | | | | | | 343 | | | | | DragonFly 4.0.3 344 | | | | | | 345 | | | | | DragonFly 4.0.4 346 | | | | | | 347 | | | | | DragonFly 4.0.5 348 | | | | | | 349 | | | | OpenBSD 5.7 | 350 | | | | | DragonFly 4.2.0 351 | FreeBSD | | | | 352 | 10.2 | | | | 353 | | macOS *--NetBSD 7.0 | | 354 | | 10.11 | | | OpenBSD 5.8 | 355 | | | | | `--. | DragonFly 4.4.1 356 | FreeBSD | | | | OpenBSD 5.9 | 357 | 10.3 | | | | | | 358 | | | | | NetBSD | | 359 | | | | | 7.0.1 | | 360 | `------. | | | | | DragonFly 4.6.0 361 | | | | | | | | 362 | | | | | | | | 363 *--FreeBSD | macOS | | | OpenBSD 6.0 | 364 | 11.0 | 10.12 | | NetBSD | | 365 | | | | | | 7.0.2 | | 366 | | | | | | | | 367 | | | | | *--NetBSD | | 368 | | | | | | 7.1 | | 369 | | | | | | | | | 370 | | | | | | | | | 371 | | | macOS | | | | DragonFly 4.8.0 372 | | | 10.13 | | | OpenBSD 6.1 | 373 | FreeBSD | | | | | | DragonFly 5.0.0 374 | 11.1 FreeBSD | | | | | | 375 | | 10.4 | | | | OpenBSD 6.2 DragonFly 5.0.1 376 | | | | | | | | 377 | `------. | | | NetBSD | DragonFly 5.0.2 378 | | | | | 7.1.1 | | 379 | | | | | | | | 380 | | | | | NetBSD | | 381 | | | | | 7.1.2 `--. | 382 | | | | | | | 383 | | | | `-----. OpenBSD 6.3 | 384 | | | *--NetBSD | | DragonFly 5.2.0 385 | | | | 8.0 | | | 386 | | | | | | | DragonFly 5.2.1 387 | | | | | | | | 388 | | | | | | | DragonFly 5.2.2 389 | FreeBSD | | | *--NetBSD | | 390 | 11.2 | | | 7.2 | | 391 | | macOS | | | | 392 | | 10.14 | | OpenBSD 6.4 | 393 | | | | | | | 394 | | | | | | DragonFly 5.4.0 395 *--FreeBSD | | | | | | 396 | 12.0 | | | | | DragonFly 5.4.1 397 | | | | | | OpenBSD 6.5 | 398 | | | | | | | | 399 | | | | | NetBSD | | 400 | | | | | 8.1 | DragonFly 5.6 401 | | | | | | | | 402 | | | | | | | DragonFly 5.6.1 403 | | FreeBSD macOS | | | | 404 | | 11.3 10.15 | | | | 405 | FreeBSD | | | | OpenBSD 6.6 | 406 | 12.1 | macOS | `-------. | | 407 | | | 10.15.1 | | | DragonFly 5.6.2 408 | | | | *--NetBSD | | | 409 | | | | | 9.0 | | | 410 | | | | | | | | | 411 | | | | | | | | DragonFly 5.8 412 | | | | | | | | | 413 | | | | | | | | DragonFly 5.6.3 414 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 415 | | | | | | 8.2 | | 416 | | | | | | | | DragonFly 5.8.1 417 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 6.7 | 418 | | FreeBSD | | | | | | 419 | | 11.4 | | | | | | 420 | | | | | | | DragonFly 5.8.2 421 | | | | | | | DragonFly 5.8.3 422 | | | | NetBSD | OpenBSD 6.8 | 423 | FreeBSD macOS | 9.1 | | | 424 | 12.2 11 | | | | | 425 | | | | | | | | 426 | `------. | | | | | | 427 | | | | | | | | 428 *--FreeBSD | | | | | | | 429 | 13.0 | | | NetBSD | OpenBSD 6.9 DragonFly 6.0.0 430 | | | | | 9.2 | | | 431 | | | | | | | | DragonFly 6.0.1 432 | | | | | | | | | 433 | | FreeBSD macOS | | | OpenBSD 7.0 | 434 | | 12.3 12 | | | | | 435 | | | | | | | | DragonFly 6.2.1 436 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 7.1 | 437 | FreeBSD | | | | | | | 438 | 13.1 | | | | | | | 439 | | | | | | | | DragonFly 6.2.2 440 | | | | | NetBSD | | | 441 | | | macOS | 9.3 | OpenBSD 7.2 | 442 | | | 13 | | | | | 443 | | FreeBSD | | | | | | 444 | | 12.4 | | | | | | 445 | | | | | | | DragonFly 6.4.0 446 | | | | | | OpenBSD 7.3 | 447 | FreeBSD | | | | | | 448 | 13.2 | | | | | | 449 | | | | | | | | 450 | `------. | | | | | | 451 | | macOS | | | | | 452 | | 14 | | | | | 453 | | | | | | OpenBSD 7.4 | 454 *--FreeBSD | | | | | | | 455 | 14.0 | | | | | | | 456 | | | | | | | | | 457 | | FreeBSD | | NetBSD | | | 458 | | 13.3 | | 9.4 | | | 459 | | | | | | | | 460 | | | | *--NetBSD | | | 461 | | | | | 10.0 | | | 462 | | | | | | | | 463 | | | | | | OpenBSD 7.5 | 464 | | | | | NetBSD | | 465 | | | | | 8.3 | | 466 | FreeBSD | | | | | 467 | 14.1 | | | | | 468 | | macOS | | | 469 | | 15 | | | 470 | FreeBSD | | | | 471 | 13.4 | | OpenBSD 7.6 | 472 | | | | | 473FreeBSD 15 -current | NetBSD -current OpenBSD -current DragonFly -current 474 | | | | | 475 v v v v v 476 477Time 478---------------- 479 480Time tolerance +/- 6 months, depending on which book/article you read; if it was 481the announcement in Usenet or if it was available as tape. 482 483[44B] McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels, and John 484 Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.4BSD Operating System. 485[APL] Apple website [https://www.apple.com/macosx/] 486[BSDI] Berkeley Software Design, Inc. 487[DFB] DragonFlyBSD Project, The. 488[DOC] README, COPYRIGHT on tape. 489[FBD] FreeBSD Project, The. 490[KB] Keith Bostic. BSD2.10 available from Usenix. comp.unix.sources, Volume 11, 491 Info 4, April, 1987. 492[KKK] Mike Karels, Kirk McKusick, and Keith Bostic. tahoe announcement. 493 comp.bugs.4bsd.ucb-fixes, June 15, 1988. 494[KSJ] Michael J. Karels, Carl F. Smith, and William F. Jolitz. Changes in the 495 Kernel in 2.9BSD. Second Berkeley Software Distribution UNIX Version 2.9, 496 July, 1983. 497[NBD] NetBSD Project, The. 498[OBD] OpenBSD Project, The. 499[QCU] Salus, Peter H. A quarter century of UNIX. ISBN 0201547775, EAN 500 9780201547771 501[SMS] Steven M. Schultz. 2.11BSD, UNIX for the PDP-11. 502[TUHS] The Unix Historical Society. https://minnie.tuhs.org/Unix_History/ 503[USE] Usenet announcement. 504[WRS] Wind River Systems, Inc. 505[dmr] Dennis Ritchie, via E-Mail 506 507Multics 1965 508UNIX Summer 1969 509 DEC PDP-7 510First Edition 1971-11-03 [QCU] 511 DEC PDP-11/20, Assembler 512Second Edition 1972-06-12 [QCU] 513 10 UNIX installations 514Third Edition 1973-02-xx [QCU] 515 Pipes, 16 installations 516Fourth Edition 1973-11-xx [QCU] 517 rewriting in C effected, 518 above 30 installations 519Fifth Edition 1974-06-xx [QCU] 520 above 50 installations 521Sixth Edition 1975-05-xx [QCU] 522 port to DEC Vax 523Seventh Edition 1979-01-xx [QCU] 1979-01-10 [TUHS] 524 first portable UNIX 525Eighth Edition 1985-02-xx [QCU] 526 VAX 11/750, VAX 11/780 [dmr] 527 descended from 4.1c BSD [dmr] 528 descended from 4.1 BSD [44B] 529 scooping-out and replacement of the character-device 530 and networking part by the streams mechanism 531 532Ninth Edition 1986-09-xx [QCU] 533Tenth Edition 1989-10-xx [QCU] 534 5351BSD late 1977 536 1978-01-16 [DOC] 537 1978-03-09 [QCU] 538 PDP-11, Pascal, ex(1) 539 30 free copies of 1BSD sent out 540 35 tapes sold for 50 USD [QCU] 5412BSD mid 1978 [QCU] 1979-05-10 [TUHS] 542 75 2BSD tapes shipped 5432.79BSD 1980-04-xx [TUHS] 5442.8BSD 1981-07-xx [KSJ] 545 First 2BSD with bootable V7 kernel plus 546 community fixes. 5472.8.1BSD 1982-01-xx [QCU] 548 set of performance improvements 5492.9BSD 1983-07-xx [KSJ] 5502.9.1BSD 1983-11-xx [TUHS] 5512.9BSD-Seismo 1985-08-xx [SMS] 5522.10BSD 1987-04-xx [KKK] 5532.10.1BSD 1989-01-xx [SMS] 5542.11BSD 1991-03-14 [SMS] 5552.11BSD rev #430 1999-12-13 [SMS] 556 55732V 1978-1[01]-xx [QCU] 1979-03-26 [TUHS] 5583BSD late 1979 [QCU] March 1980 [TUHS] 559 virtual memory, page replacement, 560 demand paging 5614.0BSD 1980-10-xx 5624.1BSD 1981-07-08 [DOC] 5634.1aBSD 1982-04-xx 564 alpha release, 100 sites, networking [44B] 5654.1bBSD internal release, fast filesystem [44B] 5664.1cBSD late 1982 567 beta release, IPC [44B] 5684.2BSD 1983-09-xx [QCU] 569 1983-08-03 [DOC] 5704.3BSD 1986-06-xx [QCU] 571 1986-04-05 [KB], [DOC] 5724.3BSD Tahoe 1988-06-15 [QCU], [DOC] 5734.3BSD NET/1 1988-11-xx [QCU] 574 1989-01-01 [DOC] 5754.3BSD Reno 1990-06-29 [QCU], [DOC] 5764.3BSD NET/2 1991-06-28 [QCU], [DOC] 577 578BSD/386 ALPHA 1991-12-xx [BSDI] 579 first code released to people outside BSDI 580386BSD 0.0 1992-02-xx [DOC] 581BSD/386 0.3.1 1992-04-xx [BSDI] first ext. beta; B customers 582BSD/386 0.3.3 1992-06-xx [BSDI] first CDROM version 583386BSD 0.1 1992-07-28 [DOC] 5844.4BSD Alpha 1992-07-07 585BSD/386 0.9.3 1992-10-xx [BSDI] 586 first external gamma; G customers 587BSD/386 0.9.4 1992-12-xx [BSDI] 588 would have been 1.0 except for request 589 for preliminary injunction 590BSD/386 1.0 1993-03-xx [BSDI] 591 injunction denied; first official release 592NetBSD 0.8 1993-04-20 [NBD] 5934.4BSD 1993-06-01 [USE] 594NetBSD 0.9 1993-08-23 [NBD] 595FreeBSD 1.0 1993-11-01 [FBD] 596FreeBSD 1.0.2 1993-11-14 [FBD] 597 supersedes 1.0 13 days after release. 598BSD/386 1.1 1994-02-xx [BSDI] 5994.4BSD Lite 1994-03-01 [USE] 600FreeBSD 1.1 1994-05-07 [FBD] 601FreeBSD 1.1.5 1994-06-30 [FBD] 602FreeBSD 1.1.5.1 1994-07-05 [FBD] 603 supersedes 1.1.5 5 days after release. 604NetBSD 1.0 1994-10-26 [NBD] 605386BSD 1.0 1994-11-12 [USE] 606FreeBSD 2.0 1994-11-23 [FBD] 607BSD/OS 2.0 1995-01-xx [BSDI] 4.4 lite based 608FreeBSD 2.0.5 1995-06-10 [FBD] 609BSD/OS 2.0.1 1995-06-xx [BSDI] 6104.4BSD Lite Release 2 1995-06-xx [44B] 611 the true final distribution from the CSRG 612FreeBSD 2.1.0 1995-11-19 [FBD] 613NetBSD 1.1 1995-11-26 [NBD] 614BSD/OS 2.1 1996-01-xx [BSDI] 615FreeBSD 2.1.5 1996-07-14 [FBD] 616NetBSD 1.2 1996-10-04 [NBD] 617OpenBSD 2.0 1996-10-18 [OBD] 618FreeBSD 2.1.6 1996-11-16 [FBD] 619FreeBSD 2.1.6.1 1996-11-25 [FBD] (sendmail security release) 620Rhapsody 1997-xx-xx 621FreeBSD 2.1.7 1997-02-20 [FBD] 622BSD/OS 3.0 1997-02-xx [BSDI] 4.4 lite2 based 623FreeBSD 2.2.0 1997-03-16 [FBD] 624FreeBSD 2.2.1 1997-03-25 [FBD] 625FreeBSD 2.2.2 1997-05-16 [FBD] 626NetBSD 1.2.1 1997-05-20 [NBD] (patch release) 627OpenBSD 2.1 1997-06-01 [OBD] 628FreeBSD 2.2.5 1997-10-22 [FBD] 629OpenBSD 2.2 1997-12-01 [OBD] 630NetBSD 1.3 1998-01-04 [NBD] 631FreeBSD 2.2.6 1998-03-25 [FBD] 632NetBSD 1.3.1 1998-03-09 [NBD] (patch release) 633BSD/OS 3.1 1998-03-xx [BSDI] 634OpenBSD 2.3 1998-05-19 [OBD] 635NetBSD 1.3.2 1998-05-29 [NBD] (patch release) 636FreeBSD 2.2.7 1998-07-22 [FBD] 637BSD/OS 4.0 1998-08-xx [BSDI] 638 2-lock MP support, ELF executables 639FreeBSD 3.0 1998-10-16 [FBD] 640 FreeBSD-3.0 is a snapshot from -current, 641 while 3.1 and 3.2 are from 3.x-stable which 642 was branched quite some time after 3.0-release 643FreeBSD 2.2.8 1998-11-29 [FBD] 644OpenBSD 2.4 1998-12-01 [OBD] 645NetBSD 1.3.3 1998-12-23 [NBD] (patch release) 646FreeBSD 3.1 1999-02-15 [FBD] 647BSD/OS 4.0.1 1999-03-xx [BSDI] 648NetBSD 1.4 1999-05-12 [NBD] 649FreeBSD 3.2 1999-05-17 [FBD] 650OpenBSD 2.5 1999-05-19 [OBD] 651NetBSD 1.4.1 1999-08-26 [NBD] (patch release) 652FreeBSD 3.3 1999-09-17 [FBD] 653OpenBSD 2.6 1999-12-01 [OBD] 654FreeBSD 3.4 1999-12-20 [FBD] 655BSD/OS 4.1 1999-12-xx [BSDI] 656FreeBSD 4.0 2000-03-13 [FBD] 657NetBSD 1.4.2 2000-03-19 [NBD] (patch release) 658OpenBSD 2.7 2000-06-15 [OBD] 659FreeBSD 3.5 2000-06-24 [FBD] 660FreeBSD 4.1 2000-07-27 [FBD] 661FreeBSD 3.5.1 2000-07-28 [FBD] 662FreeBSD 4.1.1 2000-09-25 [FBD] (a network-only patch release) 663FreeBSD 4.2 2000-11-21 [FBD] 664NetBSD 1.4.3 2000-11-25 [NBD] (patch release) 665BSD/OS 4.2 2000-11-29 [BSDI] 666OpenBSD 2.8 2000-12-01 [OBD] 667NetBSD 1.5 2000-12-06 [NBD] 668Mac OS X 10.0 2001-03-24 [APL] 669FreeBSD 4.3 2001-04-20 [FBD] 670OpenBSD 2.9 2001-06-01 [OBD] 671NetBSD 1.5.1 2001-07-11 [NBD] (patch release) 672NetBSD 1.5.2 2001-09-13 [NBD] (patch release) 673FreeBSD 4.4 2001-09-18 [FBD] 674Mac OS X 10.1 2001-09-29 [APL] 675OpenBSD 3.0 2001-12-01 [OBD] 676FreeBSD 4.5 2002-01-29 [FBD] 677BSD/OS 4.3 2002-03-14 [WRS] 678OpenBSD 3.1 2002-05-19 [OBD] 679FreeBSD 4.6 2002-06-15 [FBD] 680NetBSD 1.5.3 2002-07-22 [NBD] (patch release) 681FreeBSD 4.6.2 2002-08-15 [FBD] (patch release) 682Mac OS X 10.2 2002-08-23 [APL] 683NetBSD 1.6 2002-09-14 [NBD] 684FreeBSD 4.7 2002-10-08 [FBD] 685OpenBSD 3.2 2002-11-01 [OBD] 686FreeBSD 5.0 2003-01-17 [FBD] 687 FreeBSD 5.0 is a separate branch off of 688 -current, similar to 3.0. 689FreeBSD 4.8 2003-04-03 [FBD] 690NetBSD 1.6.1 2003-04-21 [NBD] (patch release) 691OpenBSD 3.3 2003-05-01 [OBD] 692BSD/OS 5.0 2003-05-?? [WRS] 693FreeBSD 5.1 2003-06-09 [FBD] 694Mac OS X 10.3 2003-10-24 [APL] 695FreeBSD 4.9 2003-10-28 [FBD] 696BSD/OS 5.1 ISE 2003-10-?? [WRS] (final version) 697OpenBSD 3.4 2003-11-01 [OBD] 698FreeBSD 5.2 2004-01-12 [FBD] 699FreeBSD 5.2.1 2004-02-22 [FBD] (patch release) 700NetBSD 1.6.2 2004-03-01 [NBD] (patch release) 701OpenBSD 3.5 2004-04-01 [OBD] 702FreeBSD 4.10 2004-05-27 [FBD] 703DragonFly 1.0 2004-07-12 [DFB] 704OpenBSD 3.6 2004-10-29 [OBD] 705FreeBSD 5.3 2004-11-06 [FBD] 706NetBSD 2.0 2004-12-09 [NBD] 707FreeBSD 4.11 2005-01-25 [FBD] 708DragonFly 1.2.0 2005-04-08 [DFB] 709NetBSD 2.0.2 2005-04-14 [NBD] (security/critical release) 710Mac OS X 10.4 2005-04-29 [APL] 711FreeBSD 5.4 2005-05-09 [FBD] 712OpenBSD 3.7 2005-05-19 [OBD] 713NetBSD 2.0.3 2005-10-31 [NBD] (security/critical release) 714OpenBSD 3.8 2005-11-01 [OBD] 715FreeBSD 6.0 2005-11-01 [FBD] 716NetBSD 2.1 2005-11-02 [NBD] 717NetBSD 3.0 2005-12-23 [NBD] 718DragonFly 1.4.0 2006-01-08 [DFB] 719FreeBSD 2.2.9 2006-04-01 [FBD] 720OpenBSD 3.9 2006-05-01 [OBD] 721FreeBSD 6.1 2006-05-08 [FBD] 722FreeBSD 5.5 2006-05-25 [FBD] 723NetBSD 3.0.1 2006-07-24 [NBD] (security/critical release) 724DragonFly 1.6.0 2006-07-24 [DFB] 725OpenBSD 4.0 2006-11-01 [OBD] 726NetBSD 3.0.2 2006-11-04 [NBD] (security/critical release) 727NetBSD 3.1 2006-11-04 [NBD] 728FreeBSD 6.2 2007-01-15 [FBD] 729DragonFly 1.8.0 2007-01-30 [DFB] 730OpenBSD 4.1 2007-05-01 [OBD] 731DragonFly 1.10.0 2007-08-06 [DFB] 732Mac OS X 10.5 2007-10-26 [APL] 733OpenBSD 4.2 2007-11-01 [OBD] 734NetBSD 4.0 2007-12-19 [NBD] 735FreeBSD 6.3 2008-01-18 [FBD] 736DragonFly 1.12.0 2008-02-26 [DFB] 737FreeBSD 7.0 2008-02-27 [FBD] 738OpenBSD 4.3 2008-05-01 [OBD] 739DragonFly 2.0.0 2008-07-21 [DFB] 740OpenBSD 4.4 2008-11-01 [OBD] 741FreeBSD 6.4 2008-11-28 [FBD] 742FreeBSD 7.1 2009-01-04 [FBD] 743DragonFly 2.2.0 2009-02-17 [DFB] 744NetBSD 5.0 2009-04-29 [NBD] 745OpenBSD 4.5 2009-05-01 [OBD] 746FreeBSD 7.2 2009-05-04 [FBD] 747Mac OS X 10.6 2009-06-08 [APL] 748NetBSD 5.0.1 2009-08-02 [NBD] (security/critical release) 749DragonFly 2.4.0 2009-09-16 [DFB] 750OpenBSD 4.6 2009-10-18 [OBD] 751FreeBSD 8.0 2009-11-26 [FBD] 752NetBSD 5.0.2 2010-02-12 [NBD] (security/critical release) 753FreeBSD 7.3 2010-03-23 [FBD] 754DragonFly 2.6.0 2010-03-28 [DFB] 755OpenBSD 4.7 2010-05-19 [OBD] 756FreeBSD 8.1 2010-07-24 [FBD] 757DragonFly 2.8.2 2010-10-30 [DFB] 758OpenBSD 4.8 2010-11-01 [OBD] 759NetBSD 5.1 2010-11-19 [NBD] 760FreeBSD 7.4 2011-02-24 [FBD] 761FreeBSD 8.2 2011-02-24 [FBD] 762DragonFly 2.10.1 2011-04-26 [DFB] 763OpenBSD 4.9 2011-05-01 [OBD] 764Mac OS X 10.7 2011-07-20 [APL] 765OpenBSD 5.0 2011-11-01 [OBD] 766FreeBSD 9.0 2012-01-12 [FBD] 767NetBSD 5.1.2 2012-02-02 [NBD] (security/critical release) 768DragonFly 3.0.1 2012-02-21 [DFB] 769FreeBSD 8.3 2012-04-18 [FBD] 770OpenBSD 5.1 2012-05-01 [OBD] 771Mac OS X 10.8 2012-07-25 [APL] 772NetBSD 6.0 2012-10-17 [NBD] 773OpenBSD 5.2 2012-11-01 [OBD] 774DragonFly 3.2.1 2012-11-02 [DFB] 775NetBSD 5.2 2012-12-03 [NBD] 776NetBSD 6.0.1 2012-12-26 [NBD] (security/critical release) 777FreeBSD 9.1 2012-12-30 [FBD] 778DragonFly 3.4.1 2013-04-29 [DFB] 779OpenBSD 5.3 2013-05-01 [OBD] 780NetBSD 6.0.2 2013-05-18 [NBD] (security/critical release) 781NetBSD 6.1 2013-05-18 [NBD] 782FreeBSD 8.4 2013-06-07 [FBD] 783NetBSD 6.1.1 2013-08-22 [NBD] 784NetBSD 5.1.3 2013-09-29 [NBD] 785NetBSD 5.2.1 2013-09-29 [NBD] 786FreeBSD 9.2 2013-09-30 [FBD] 787NetBSD 6.0.3 2013-09-30 [NBD] 788NetBSD 6.1.2 2013-09-30 [NBD] 789Mac OS X 10.9 2013-10-22 [APL] 790OpenBSD 5.4 2013-11-01 [OBD] 791DragonFly 3.6.0 2013-11-25 [DFB] 792FreeBSD 10.0 2014-01-20 [FBD] 793NetBSD 5.1.4 2014-01-25 [NBD] 794NetBSD 5.2.2 2014-01-25 [NBD] 795NetBSD 6.0.4 2014-01-25 [NBD] 796NetBSD 6.1.3 2014-01-25 [NBD] 797DragonFly 3.6.1 2014-02-22 [DFB] 798DragonFly 3.6.2 2014-04-10 [DFB] 799NetBSD 6.0.5 2014-04-12 [NBD] 800NetBSD 6.1.4 2014-04-12 [NBD] 801OpenBSD 5.5 2014-05-01 [OBD] 802DragonFly 3.8.0 2014-06-04 [DFB] 803DragonFly 3.8.1 2014-06-16 [DFB] 804DragonFly 3.6.3 2014-06-17 [DFB] 805FreeBSD 9.3 2014-07-05 [FBD] 806DragonFly 3.8.2 2014-08-08 [DFB] 807NetBSD 6.0.6 2014-09-22 [NBD] 808NetBSD 6.1.5 2014-09-22 [NBD] 809Mac OS X 10.10 2014-10-16 [APL] 810OpenBSD 5.6 2014-11-01 [OBD] 811FreeBSD 10.1 2014-11-14 [FBD] 812DragonFly 4.0.1 2014-11-25 [DFB] 813DragonFly 4.0.2 2015-01-07 [DFB] 814DragonFly 4.0.3 2015-01-21 [DFB] 815DragonFly 4.0.4 2015-03-09 [DFB] 816DragonFly 4.0.5 2015-03-23 [DFB] 817OpenBSD 5.7 2015-05-01 [OBD] 818DragonFly 4.2.0 2015-06-29 [DFB] 819FreeBSD 10.2 2015-08-13 [FBD] 820NetBSD 7.0 2015-09-25 [NBD] 821OS X 10.11 2015-09-30 [APL] 822OpenBSD 5.8 2015-10-18 [OBD] 823DragonFly 4.4.1 2015-12-07 [DFB] 824OpenBSD 5.9 2016-03-29 [OBD] 825FreeBSD 10.3 2016-04-04 [FBD] 826NetBSD 7.0.1 2016-05-22 [NBD] 827DragonFly 4.6.0 2016-08-02 [DFB] 828OpenBSD 6.0 2016-09-01 [OBD] 829macOS 10.12 2016-09-20 [APL] 830FreeBSD 11.0 2016-10-10 [FBD] 831NetBSD 7.0.2 2016-10-21 [NBD] 832NetBSD 7.1 2017-03-11 [NBD] 833DragonFly 4.8.0 2017-03-27 [DFB] 834OpenBSD 6.1 2017-04-11 [OBD] 835FreeBSD 11.1 2017-07-26 [FBD] 836macOS 10.13 2017-09-25 [APL] 837FreeBSD 10.4 2017-10-03 [FBD] 838OpenBSD 6.2 2017-10-09 [OBD] 839DragonFly 5.0.0 2017-10-16 [DFB] 840DragonFly 5.0.1 2017-11-06 [DFB] 841DragonFly 5.0.2 2017-12-04 [DFB] 842NetBSD 7.1.1 2017-12-22 [NBD] 843NetBSD 7.1.2 2018-03-15 [NBD] 844OpenBSD 6.3 2018-04-02 [OBD] 845DragonFly 5.2.0 2018-04-10 [DFB] 846DragonFly 5.2.1 2018-05-20 [DFB] 847DragonFly 5.2.2 2018-06-18 [DFB] 848FreeBSD 11.2 2018-06-27 [FBD] 849NetBSD 8.0 2018-07-17 [NBD] 850NetBSD 7.2 2018-08-29 [NBD] 851macOS 10.14 2018-09-24 [APL] 852OpenBSD 6.4 2018-10-18 [OBD] 853DragonFly 5.4.0 2018-12-03 [DFB] 854FreeBSD 12.0 2018-12-11 [FBD] 855DragonFly 5.4.1 2018-12-24 [DFB] 856OpenBSD 6.5 2019-05-01 [OBD] 857NetBSD 8.1 2019-06-04 [NBD] 858DragonFly 5.6 2019-06-17 [DFB] 859DragonFly 5.6.1 2019-06-19 [DFB] 860FreeBSD 11.3 2019-07-09 [FBD] 861DragonFly 5.6.2 2019-08-11 [DFB] 862OpenBSD 6.6 2019-10-17 [OBD] 863macOS 10.15 2019-10-07 [APL] 864macOS 10.15.1 2019-10-29 [APL] (security/critical release) 865FreeBSD 12.1 2019-11-04 [FBD] 866NetBSD 9.0 2020-02-14 [NBD] 867DragonFly 5.8 2020-03-03 [DFB] 868DragonFly 5.6.3 2020-03-11 [DFB] 869NetBSD 8.2 2020-03-31 [NBD] 870DragonFly 5.8.1 2020-05-06 [DFB] 871OpenBSD 6.7 2020-05-19 [OBD] 872FreeBSD 11.4 2020-06-16 [FBD] 873DragonFly 5.8.2 2020-09-23 [DFB] 874DragonFly 5.8.3 2020-09-24 [DFB] 875OpenBSD 6.8 2020-10-18 [OBD] 876NetBSD 9.1 2020-10-18 [NBD] 877FreeBSD 12.2 2020-10-27 [FBD] 878macOS 11 2020-11-12 [APL] 879FreeBSD 13.0 2021-04-13 [FBD] 880OpenBSD 6.9 2021-05-01 [OBD] 881DragonFly 6.0 2021-05-08 [DFB] 882NetBSD 9.2 2021-05-12 [NBD] 883DragonFly 6.0.1 2021-10-12 [DFB] 884OpenBSD 7.0 2021-10-14 [OBD] 885macOS 12 2021-10-25 [APL] 886FreeBSD 12.3 2021-12-01 [FBD] 887DragonFly 6.2.1 2022-01-09 [DFB] 888OpenBSD 7.1 2022-04-21 [OBD] 889FreeBSD 13.1 2022-05-17 [FBD] 890DragonFly 6.2.2 2022-06-09 [DFB] 891NetBSD 9.3 2022-08-04 [NBD] 892OpenBSD 7.2 2022-10-20 [OBD] 893macOS 13 2022-10-24 [APL] 894FreeBSD 12.4 2022-12-05 [FBD] 895DragonFly 6.4 2022-12-30 [DFB] 896OpenBSD 7.3 2023-04-10 [OBD] 897FreeBSD 13.2 2023-04-11 [FBD] 898macOS 14 2023-09-26 [APL] 899OpenBSD 7.4 2023-10-16 [OBD] 900FreeBSD 14.0 2023-11-20 [FBD] 901FreeBSD 13.3 2024-03-05 [FBD] 902NetBSD 10.0 2024-03-28 [NBD] 903OpenBSD 7.5 2024-04-05 [OBD] 904NetBSD 9.4 2024-04-20 [NBD] 905NetBSD 8.3 2024-05-04 [NBD] 906FreeBSD 14.1 2024-06-04 [FBD] 907macOS 15 2024-09-16 [APL] 908FreeBSD 13.4 2024-09-17 [FBD] 909OpenBSD 7.6 2024-10-08 [OBD] 910 911Bibliography 912------------------------ 913 914Leffler, Samuel J., Marshall Kirk McKusick, Michael J Karels and John 915Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.3BSD UNIX Operating 916System. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley, 1989. ISBN 0-201-06196-1 917 918Salus, Peter H. A quarter century of UNIX. Addison-Wesley Publishing 919Company, Inc., 1994. ISBN 0-201-54777-5 920 921McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels, and John 922Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.4BSD Operating 923System. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley, 1996. ISBN 0-201-54979-4 924 925McKusick, Marshall Kirk, George Neville-Neil. The Design and 926Implementation of the FreeBSD Operating System. 927Addison-Wesley Professional, Published: Aug 2, 2004. ISBN 0-201-70245-2 928 929McKusick, Marshall Kirk, George Neville-Neil, Robert Watson. The 930Design and Implementation of the FreeBSD Operating System, 2nd Edition. 931Pearson Education, Inc., 2014. ISBN 0-321-96897-2 932 933Doug McIlroy. Research Unix Reader. 934 935Michael G. Brown. The Role of BSD in the Development of Unix. 936Presented to the Tasmanian Unix Special Interest Group of the 937Australian Computer Society, Hobart, August 1993. 938 939Peter H. Salus. Unix at 25. Byte Magazine, October 1994. 940URL: https://web.archive.org/web/20081230094857/http://www.byte.com/art/9410/sec8/art3.htm 941 942Andreas Klemm, Lars Köller. If you're going to San Francisco ... 943Die freien BSD-Varianten von Unix. c't April 1997, page 368ff. 944 945FreeBSD Release Information 946URL: https://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/ 947 948Manual pages for FreeBSD and ports 949URL: https://man.FreeBSD.org 950 951FreeBSD Documentation Archive 952URL: https://docs-archive.freebsd.org/doc/ 953 954UNIX history graphing project 955URL: https://minnie.tuhs.org/Unix_History/ 956 957UNIX history 958URL: https://www.levenez.com/unix/ 959 960James Howard: The BSD Family Tree 961URL: https://web.archive.org/web/20090427195917/http://ezine.daemonnews.org/200104/bsd_family.html 962("what are the differences between FreeBSD, NetBSD, and OpenBSD?") 963 964 965Acknowledgments 966--------------- 967 968Josh Gilliam for suggestions, bug fixes, and finding very old 969original BSD announcements from Usenet or tapes. 970 971Steven M. Schultz for providing 2.8BSD, 2.10BSD, 2.11BSD manual pages. 972 973-- 974Copyright (c) 1997-2024 Wolfram Schneider <wosch@FreeBSD.org> 975URL: https://cgit.freebsd.org/src/tree/share/misc/bsd-family-tree 976