1The UNIX system family tree: Research and BSD 2--------------------------------------------- 3 4First Edition (V1) 5 | 6Second Edition (V2) 7 | 8Third Edition (V3) 9 | 10Fourth Edition (V4) 11 | 12Fifth Edition (V5) 13 | 14Sixth Edition (V6) -----* 15 \ | 16 \ | 17 \ | 18Seventh Edition (V7)----|----------------------* 19 \ | | 20 \ 1BSD | 21 32V | | 22 \ 2BSD---------------* | 23 \ / | | 24 \ / | | 25 \/ | | 26 3BSD | | 27 | | | 28 4.0BSD 2.79BSD | 29 | | | 30 4.1BSD --------------> 2.8BSD <-* 31 | | 32 4.1aBSD -----------\ | 33 | \ | 34 4.1bBSD \ | 35 | \ | 36 *------ 4.1cBSD --------------> 2.9BSD 37 / | | 38Eighth Edition | 2.9BSD-Seismo 39 | | | 40 +----<--- 4.2BSD 2.9.1BSD 41 | | | 42 +----<--- 4.3BSD -------------> 2.10BSD 43 | | / | 44Ninth Edition | / 2.10.1BSD 45 | 4.3BSD Tahoe-----+ | 46 | | \ | 47 | | \ | 48 v | 2.11BSD 49Tenth Edition | | 50 | 2.11BSD rev #430 51 4.3BSD NET/1 | 52 | v 53 4.3BSD Reno 54 | 55 *---------- 4.3BSD NET/2 -------------------+-------------* 56 | | | | 57386BSD 0.0 | | BSD/386 ALPHA 58 | | | | 59386BSD 0.1 ------------>+ | BSD/386 0.3.[13] 60 | \ | 4.4BSD Alpha | 61 | 386BSD 1.0 | | BSD/386 0.9.[34] 62 | | 4.4BSD | 63 | | / | | 64 | | 4.4BSD-Encumbered | | 65 | -NetBSD 0.8 | BSD/386 1.0 66 | / | | | 67FreeBSD 1.0 <-----' *--NetBSD 0.9 | BSD/386 1.1 68 | | .----- 4.4BSD Lite | 69FreeBSD 1.1 | / / | \ | 70 | | / | | \ | 71FreeBSD 1.1.5 .---|--------' | | \ | 72 | / | | | \ | 73FreeBSD 1.1.5.1 / | | | \ | 74 | / *--NetBSD 1.0 <-' | \ | 75 | / | | \ | 76FreeBSD 2.0 <--' | | BSD/OS 2.0 77 | \ | | 78FreeBSD 2.0.5 \ | BSD/OS 2.0.1 79 | .-----\------------- 4.4BSD Lite2 | 80 | | \ | | | | | 81 | | .-----|------Rhapsody | | | | 82 | | | | NetBSD 1.3 | | | 83 | | | | OpenBSD 2.3 | | 84 | | | | BSD/OS 3.0 | 85FreeBSD 2.1 | | | | 86 | | | | *--NetBSD 1.1 -. BSD/OS 2.1 87 | FreeBSD 2.1.5 | | | \ | 88 | | | | *--NetBSD 1.2 \ BSD/OS 3.0 89 | FreeBSD 2.1.6 | | | \ OpenBSD 2.0 | 90 | | | | | \ | | 91 | FreeBSD 2.1.6.1 | | | \ | | 92 | | | | | \ | | 93 | FreeBSD 2.1.7 | | | | | | 94 | | | | | NetBSD 1.2.1 | | 95 | FreeBSD 2.1.7.1 | | | | | 96 | | | | | | 97 | | | | | | 98 *-FreeBSD 2.2 | | | | | 99 | \ | | | | | 100 | FreeBSD 2.2.1 | | | | | 101 | | | | | | | 102 | FreeBSD 2.2.2 | | | OpenBSD 2.1 | 103 | | | | | | | 104 | FreeBSD 2.2.5 | | | | | 105 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.2 | 106 | | | | *--NetBSD 1.3 | | 107 | FreeBSD 2.2.6 | | | | | | 108 | | | | | NetBSD 1.3.1 | BSD/OS 3.1 109 | | | | | | OpenBSD 2.3 | 110 | | | | | NetBSD 1.3.2 | | 111 | FreeBSD 2.2.7 | | | | | | 112 | | | | | | | BSD/OS 4.0 113 | FreeBSD 2.2.8 | | | | | | 114 | | | | | | | | 115 | v | | | | OpenBSD 2.4 | 116 | FreeBSD 2.2.9 | | | | | | 117 | | | | | | | 118FreeBSD 3.0 <--------* | | v | | 119 | | | NetBSD 1.3.3 | | 120 *---FreeBSD 3.1 | | | | 121 | | | | | BSD/OS 4.0.1 122 | FreeBSD 3.2----* | .--*--NetBSD 1.4 OpenBSD 2.5 | 123 | | | | | | | | | 124 | | | | | | | | | 125 | | | | | | | | | 126 | FreeBSD 3.3 | | | | NetBSD 1.4.1 | | 127 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 2.6 | 128 | FreeBSD 3.4 | | | | | | | 129 | | | | | | | | BSD/OS 4.1 130FreeBSD 4.0 | | | | | NetBSD 1.4.2 | | 131 | | | | | | | | | 132 | | | | | | | | | 133 | FreeBSD 3.5 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.7 | 134 | | | | | | | | | 135 | FreeBSD 3.5.1 | | | | | | | 136 | | | | | | | | 137 *---FreeBSD 4.1 | | | | | | | 138 | | | | | | | | | 139 | FreeBSD 4.1.1 | | / | | | | 140 | | | | / | | | | 141 | FreeBSD 4.2 Darwin/ | NetBSD 1.4.3 | | 142 | | Mac OS X | OpenBSD 2.8 BSD/OS 4.2 143 | | | | | | 144 | | | | | | 145 | | 10.0 *--NetBSD 1.5 | | 146 | FreeBSD 4.3 | | | | | 147 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.9 | 148 | | | | NetBSD 1.5.1 | | 149 | | | | | | | 150 | FreeBSD 4.4-. | | NetBSD 1.5.2 | | 151 | | | Mac OS X | | | | 152 | | | 10.1 | | OpenBSD 3.0 | 153 | FreeBSD 4.5 | | | | | | 154 | | \ | | | | BSD/OS 4.3 155 | FreeBSD 4.6 \ | | | OpenBSD 3.1 | 156 | | \ | | NetBSD 1.5.3 | | 157 | FreeBSD 4.6.2 Mac OS X | | | 158 | | 10.2 | | | 159 | FreeBSD 4.7 | | | | 160 | | | *--NetBSD 1.6 OpenBSD 3.2 | 161 | FreeBSD 4.8 | | | | | 162 | | | | NetBSD 1.6.1 | | 163 | |--------. | | | OpenBSD 3.3 BSD/OS 5.0 164 | | \ | | | | | 165 | FreeBSD 4.9 | | | | OpenBSD 3.4 BSD/OS 5.1 ISE 166 | | | | | | | 167 | | | | | NetBSD 1.6.2 | 168 | | | | | | | 169 | | | | | | OpenBSD 3.5 170 | | | | | v | 171 | FreeBSD 4.10 | | | | 172 | | | | | | 173 | FreeBSD 4.11 | | | | 174 | | | | | 175 | `-|------|-----------------|---------------------. 176 | | | | \ 177FreeBSD 5.0 | | | | 178 | | | | | 179FreeBSD 5.1 | | | DragonFly 1.0 180 | \ | | | | 181 | ----- Mac OS X | | | 182 | 10.3 | | | 183FreeBSD 5.2 | | | | 184 | | | | | | 185 | FreeBSD 5.2.1 | | | | 186 | | | | | 187 *-------FreeBSD 5.3 | | | | 188 | | | | OpenBSD 3.6 | 189 | | | *--NetBSD 2.0 | | 190 | | | | | | | DragonFly 1.2.0 191 | | Mac OS X | | NetBSD 2.0.2 | | 192 | | 10.4 | | | | | 193 | FreeBSD 5.4 | | | | | | 194 | | | | | | OpenBSD 3.7 | 195 | | | | | NetBSD 2.0.3 | | 196 | | | | | | | | 197 *--FreeBSD | | | | v OpenBSD 3.8 | 198 | 6.0 | | | | | | 199 | | | | | \ | | 200 | | | | | NetBSD 2.1 | | 201 | | | | | | | 202 | | | | *--NetBSD 3.0 | | 203 | | | | | | | | DragonFly 1.4.0 204 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 3.9 | 205 | FreeBSD | | | | | | | 206 | 6.1 | | | | | | | 207 | | FreeBSD 5.5 | | | | | | 208 | | | | | NetBSD 3.0.1 | DragonFly 1.6.0 209 | | | | | | | | 210 | | | | | | OpenBSD 4.0 | 211 | | | | | NetBSD 3.0.2 | | 212 | | | | NetBSD 3.1 | | 213 | FreeBSD 6.2 | | | | 214 | | | | | DragonFly 1.8.0 215 | | | | OpenBSD 4.1 | 216 | | | | | DragonFly 1.10.0 217 | | Mac OS X | | | 218 | | 10.5 | | | 219 | | | | OpenBSD 4.2 | 220 | | | *--NetBSD 4.0 | | 221 | FreeBSD 6.3 | | | | | 222 | \ | | | | | 223 *--FreeBSD | | | | | DragonFly 1.12.0 224 | 7.0 | | | | | | 225 | | | | | | OpenBSD 4.3 | 226 | | | | | NetBSD | DragonFly 2.0.0 227 | | FreeBSD | | 4.0.1 OpenBSD 4.4 | 228 | | 6.4 | | | | 229 | | | | | | 230 | FreeBSD 7.1 | | | | 231 | | | | | DragonFly 2.2.0 232 | FreeBSD 7.2 | *--NetBSD OpenBSD 4.5 | 233 | \ | | 5.0 | | 234 | \ | | / | \ | | 235 | | Mac OS X | | | \ | | 236 | | 10.6 | | | \ | | 237 | | | | | | NetBSD | DragonFly 2.4.0 238 | | | | | | 5.0.1 OpenBSD 4.6 | 239 | | | | | | | | | 240 *--FreeBSD | | | | | | | | 241 | 8.0 | | | | | | | | 242 | | FreeBSD | | | | NetBSD | | 243 | | 7.3 | | | | 5.0.2 | DragonFly 2.6.0 244 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 4.7 | 245 | FreeBSD | | | | | | | 246 | 8.1 | | | | | | | 247 | | | | | | | | DragonFly 2.8.2 248 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 4.8 | 249 | | | | | | *--NetBSD | | 250 | FreeBSD FreeBSD | | | 5.1 | | 251 | 8.2 7.4 | | | | | DragonFly 2.10.1 252 | | | | | | OpenBSD 4.9 | 253 | `-----. Mac OS X | | | | | 254 | \ 10.7 | | | | | 255 | | | | | | OpenBSD 5.0 | 256 *--FreeBSD | | | | | | | 257 | 9.0 | | | | NetBSD | DragonFly 3.0.1 258 | | FreeBSD | | | 5.1.2 | | 259 | | 8.3 | | | | | | 260 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 261 | | | | | | 5.1.3 | | 262 | | | | | | | | | 263 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 264 | | | | | | 5.1.4 | | 265 | | | | | | OpenBSD 5.1 | 266 | | | Mac OS X | `--------. | | 267 | | | 10.8 | | | | 268 | | | | *--NetBSD | | | 269 | | | | | 6.0 | | | 270 | | | | | | | | OpenBSD 5.2 DragonFly 3.2.1 271 | FreeBSD | | | | | NetBSD | | 272 | 9.1 | | | | | 5.2 | | 273 | | | | | | | | | | 274 | | | | | | | NetBSD | | 275 | | | | | | | 5.2.1 | | 276 | | | | | | | | | | 277 | | | | | | | NetBSD | | 278 | | | | | | | 5.2.2 | | 279 | | | | | | | | | 280 | | | | | | \ | | 281 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 282 | | | | | | 6.0.1 | | 283 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 5.3 DragonFly 3.4.1 284 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 285 | | | | | | 6.0.2 | | 286 | | | | | | | | | 287 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 288 | | | | | | 6.0.3 | | 289 | | | | | | | | | 290 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 291 | | | | | | 6.0.4 | | 292 | | | | | | | | | 293 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 294 | | | | | | 6.0.5 | | 295 | | | | | | | | | 296 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 297 | | | | | | 6.0.6 | | 298 | | | | | | | | 299 | | | | | *--NetBSD | | 300 | | | | | 6.1 | | 301 | | FreeBSD | | | | | 302 | | 8.4 | | NetBSD | | 303 | | | | | 6.1.1 | | 304 | | | | | | | 305 | FreeBSD | | NetBSD | | 306 | 9.2 | | 6.1.2 | | 307 | | Mac OS X | | | | 308 | | 10.9 | | OpenBSD 5.4 | 309 | `-----. | | | | DragonFly 3.6.0 310 | \ | | | | | 311 *--FreeBSD | | | NetBSD | | 312 | 10.0 | | | 6.1.3 | | 313 | | | | | | | | 314 | | | | | | | DragonFly 3.6.1 315 | | | | | | | | 316 | | | | | | | | 317 | | | | | | | DragonFly 3.6.2 318 | | | | | NetBSD | | 319 | | | | | 6.1.4 | | 320 | | | | | | | | 321 | | | | | | OpenBSD 5.5 | 322 | | | | | | | | 323 | | | | | | | DragonFly 3.8.0 324 | | | | | | | | 325 | | | | | | | | 326 | | | | | | | DragonFly 3.8.1 327 | | | | | | | | 328 | | | | | | | | 329 | | | | | | | DragonFly 3.6.3 330 | | | | | | | | 331 | | FreeBSD | | | | | 332 | | 9.3 | | | | | 333 | | | | NetBSD | DragonFly 3.8.2 334 | | | | 6.1.5 | | 335 | | Mac OS X | | | 336 | | 10.10 | | | 337 | | | | OpenBSD 5.6 | 338 | FreeBSD | | | | 339 | 10.1 | | | DragonFly 4.0.1 340 | | | | | | 341 | | | | | DragonFly 4.0.2 342 | | | | | | 343 | | | | | DragonFly 4.0.3 344 | | | | | | 345 | | | | | DragonFly 4.0.4 346 | | | | | | 347 | | | | | DragonFly 4.0.5 348 | | | | | | 349 | | | | OpenBSD 5.7 | 350 | | | | | DragonFly 4.2.0 351 | FreeBSD | | | | 352 | 10.2 | | | | 353 | | macOS *--NetBSD 7.0 | | 354 | | 10.11 | | | OpenBSD 5.8 | 355 | | | | | `--. | DragonFly 4.4.1 356 | FreeBSD | | | | OpenBSD 5.9 | 357 | 10.3 | | | | | | 358 | | | | | NetBSD | | 359 | | | | | 7.0.1 | | 360 | `------. | | | | | DragonFly 4.6.0 361 | | | | | | | | 362 | | | | | | | | 363 *--FreeBSD | macOS | | | OpenBSD 6.0 | 364 | 11.0 | 10.12 | | NetBSD | | 365 | | | | | | 7.0.2 | | 366 | | | | | | | | 367 | | | | | *--NetBSD | | 368 | | | | | | 7.1 | | 369 | | | | | | | | | 370 | | | | | | | | | 371 | | | macOS | | | | DragonFly 4.8.0 372 | | | 10.13 | | | OpenBSD 6.1 | 373 | FreeBSD | | | | | | DragonFly 5.0.0 374 | 11.1 FreeBSD | | | | | | 375 | | 10.4 | | | | OpenBSD 6.2 DragonFly 5.0.1 376 | | | | | | | | 377 | `------. | | | NetBSD | DragonFly 5.0.2 378 | | | | | 7.1.1 | | 379 | | | | | | | | 380 | | | | | NetBSD | | 381 | | | | | 7.1.2 `--. | 382 | | | | | | | 383 | | | | `-----. OpenBSD 6.3 | 384 | | | *--NetBSD | | DragonFly 5.2.0 385 | | | | 8.0 | | | 386 | | | | | | | DragonFly 5.2.1 387 | | | | | | | | 388 | | | | | | | DragonFly 5.2.2 389 | FreeBSD | | | *--NetBSD | | 390 | 11.2 | | | 7.2 | | 391 | | macOS | | | | 392 | | 10.14 | | OpenBSD 6.4 | 393 | | | | | | | 394 | | | | | | DragonFly 5.4.0 395 *--FreeBSD | | | | | | 396 | 12.0 | | | | | DragonFly 5.4.1 397 | | | | | | OpenBSD 6.5 | 398 | | | | | | | | 399 | | | | | NetBSD | | 400 | | | | | 8.1 | DragonFly 5.6 401 | | | | | | | | 402 | | | | | | | DragonFly 5.6.1 403 | | FreeBSD macOS | | | | 404 | | 11.3 10.15 | | | | 405 | FreeBSD | | | | OpenBSD 6.6 | 406 | 12.1 | macOS | `-------. | | 407 | | | 10.15.1 | | | DragonFly 5.6.2 408 | | | | *--NetBSD | | | 409 | | | | | 9.0 | | | 410 | | | | | | | | | 411 | | | | | | | | DragonFly 5.8 412 | | | | | | | | | 413 | | | | | | | | DragonFly 5.6.3 414 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 415 | | | | | | 8.2 | | 416 | | | | | | | | DragonFly 5.8.1 417 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 6.7 | 418 | | FreeBSD | | | | | | 419 | | 11.4 | | | | | | 420 | | | | | | | DragonFly 5.8.2 421 | | | | | | | DragonFly 5.8.3 422 | | | | NetBSD | OpenBSD 6.8 | 423 | FreeBSD macOS | 9.1 | | | 424 | 12.2 11 | | | | | 425 | | | | | | | | 426 | `------. | | | | | | 427 | | | | | | | | 428 *--FreeBSD | | | | | | | 429 | 13.0 | | | NetBSD | OpenBSD 6.9 DragonFly 6.0.0 430 | | | | | 9.2 | | | 431 | | | | | | | | DragonFly 6.0.1 432 | | | | | | | | | 433 | | FreeBSD macOS | | | OpenBSD 7.0 | 434 | | 12.3 12 | | | | | 435 | | | | | | | | DragonFly 6.2.1 436 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 7.1 | 437 | FreeBSD | | | | | | | 438 | 13.1 | | | | | | | 439 | | | | | | | | DragonFly 6.2.2 440 | | | | | NetBSD | | | 441 | | | macOS | 9.3 | OpenBSD 7.2 | 442 | | | 13 | | | | | 443 | | FreeBSD | | | | | | 444 | | 12.4 | | | | | | 445 | | | | | | | DragonFly 6.4.0 446 | | | | | | OpenBSD 7.3 | 447 | FreeBSD | | | | | | 448 | 13.2 | | | | | | 449 | | | | | | | | 450 | `------. | | | | | | 451 | | macOS | | | | | 452 | | 14 | | | | | 453 | | | | | | OpenBSD 7.4 | 454 *--FreeBSD | | | | | | | 455 | 14.0 | | | | | | | 456 | | | | | | | | | 457 | | FreeBSD | | NetBSD | | | 458 | | 13.3 | | 9.4 | | | 459 | | | | | | | | 460 | | | | *--NetBSD | | | 461 | | | | | 10.0 | | | 462 | | | | | | | | | 463 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 7.5 | 464 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 465 | | | | | | 8.3 | | 466 | FreeBSD | | | | | | 467 | 14.1 | | | | | | 468 | | | macOS | | | | 469 | | | 15 | | | | 470 | | FreeBSD | | | | | 471 | | 13.4 | | | OpenBSD 7.6 | 472 | FreeBSD | | | | | 473 | 14.2 | | | | | 474 | | | NetBSD | | 475 | | | 10.1 | | 476 | | | | | 477FreeBSD 15 -current | NetBSD -current OpenBSD -current DragonFly -current 478 | | | | | 479 v v v v v 480 481Time 482---------------- 483 484Time tolerance +/- 6 months, depending on which book/article you read; if it was 485the announcement in Usenet or if it was available as tape. 486 487[44B] McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels, and John 488 Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.4BSD Operating System. 489[APL] Apple website [https://www.apple.com/macosx/] 490[BSDI] Berkeley Software Design, Inc. 491[DFB] DragonFlyBSD Project, The. 492[DOC] README, COPYRIGHT on tape. 493[FBD] FreeBSD Project, The. 494[KB] Keith Bostic. BSD2.10 available from Usenix. comp.unix.sources, Volume 11, 495 Info 4, April, 1987. 496[KKK] Mike Karels, Kirk McKusick, and Keith Bostic. tahoe announcement. 497 comp.bugs.4bsd.ucb-fixes, June 15, 1988. 498[KSJ] Michael J. Karels, Carl F. Smith, and William F. Jolitz. Changes in the 499 Kernel in 2.9BSD. Second Berkeley Software Distribution UNIX Version 2.9, 500 July, 1983. 501[NBD] NetBSD Project, The. 502[OBD] OpenBSD Project, The. 503[QCU] Salus, Peter H. A quarter century of UNIX. ISBN 0201547775, EAN 504 9780201547771 505[SMS] Steven M. Schultz. 2.11BSD, UNIX for the PDP-11. 506[TUHS] The Unix Historical Society. https://minnie.tuhs.org/Unix_History/ 507[USE] Usenet announcement. 508[WRS] Wind River Systems, Inc. 509[dmr] Dennis Ritchie, via E-Mail 510 511Multics 1965 512UNIX Summer 1969 513 DEC PDP-7 514First Edition 1971-11-03 [QCU] 515 DEC PDP-11/20, Assembler 516Second Edition 1972-06-12 [QCU] 517 10 UNIX installations 518Third Edition 1973-02-xx [QCU] 519 Pipes, 16 installations 520Fourth Edition 1973-11-xx [QCU] 521 rewriting in C effected, 522 above 30 installations 523Fifth Edition 1974-06-xx [QCU] 524 above 50 installations 525Sixth Edition 1975-05-xx [QCU] 526 port to DEC Vax 527Seventh Edition 1979-01-xx [QCU] 1979-01-10 [TUHS] 528 first portable UNIX 529Eighth Edition 1985-02-xx [QCU] 530 VAX 11/750, VAX 11/780 [dmr] 531 descended from 4.1c BSD [dmr] 532 descended from 4.1 BSD [44B] 533 scooping-out and replacement of the character-device 534 and networking part by the streams mechanism 535 536Ninth Edition 1986-09-xx [QCU] 537Tenth Edition 1989-10-xx [QCU] 538 5391BSD late 1977 540 1978-01-16 [DOC] 541 1978-03-09 [QCU] 542 PDP-11, Pascal, ex(1) 543 30 free copies of 1BSD sent out 544 35 tapes sold for 50 USD [QCU] 5452BSD mid 1978 [QCU] 1979-05-10 [TUHS] 546 75 2BSD tapes shipped 5472.79BSD 1980-04-xx [TUHS] 5482.8BSD 1981-07-xx [KSJ] 549 First 2BSD with bootable V7 kernel plus 550 community fixes. 5512.8.1BSD 1982-01-xx [QCU] 552 set of performance improvements 5532.9BSD 1983-07-xx [KSJ] 5542.9.1BSD 1983-11-xx [TUHS] 5552.9BSD-Seismo 1985-08-xx [SMS] 5562.10BSD 1987-04-xx [KKK] 5572.10.1BSD 1989-01-xx [SMS] 5582.11BSD 1991-03-14 [SMS] 5592.11BSD rev #430 1999-12-13 [SMS] 560 56132V 1978-1[01]-xx [QCU] 1979-03-26 [TUHS] 5623BSD late 1979 [QCU] March 1980 [TUHS] 563 virtual memory, page replacement, 564 demand paging 5654.0BSD 1980-10-xx 5664.1BSD 1981-07-08 [DOC] 5674.1aBSD 1982-04-xx 568 alpha release, 100 sites, networking [44B] 5694.1bBSD internal release, fast filesystem [44B] 5704.1cBSD late 1982 571 beta release, IPC [44B] 5724.2BSD 1983-09-xx [QCU] 573 1983-08-03 [DOC] 5744.3BSD 1986-06-xx [QCU] 575 1986-04-05 [KB], [DOC] 5764.3BSD Tahoe 1988-06-15 [QCU], [DOC] 5774.3BSD NET/1 1988-11-xx [QCU] 578 1989-01-01 [DOC] 5794.3BSD Reno 1990-06-29 [QCU], [DOC] 5804.3BSD NET/2 1991-06-28 [QCU], [DOC] 581 582BSD/386 ALPHA 1991-12-xx [BSDI] 583 first code released to people outside BSDI 584386BSD 0.0 1992-02-xx [DOC] 585BSD/386 0.3.1 1992-04-xx [BSDI] first ext. beta; B customers 586BSD/386 0.3.3 1992-06-xx [BSDI] first CDROM version 587386BSD 0.1 1992-07-28 [DOC] 5884.4BSD Alpha 1992-07-07 589BSD/386 0.9.3 1992-10-xx [BSDI] 590 first external gamma; G customers 591BSD/386 0.9.4 1992-12-xx [BSDI] 592 would have been 1.0 except for request 593 for preliminary injunction 594BSD/386 1.0 1993-03-xx [BSDI] 595 injunction denied; first official release 596NetBSD 0.8 1993-04-20 [NBD] 5974.4BSD 1993-06-01 [USE] 598NetBSD 0.9 1993-08-23 [NBD] 599FreeBSD 1.0 1993-11-01 [FBD] 600FreeBSD 1.0.2 1993-11-14 [FBD] 601 supersedes 1.0 13 days after release. 602BSD/386 1.1 1994-02-xx [BSDI] 6034.4BSD Lite 1994-03-01 [USE] 604FreeBSD 1.1 1994-05-07 [FBD] 605FreeBSD 1.1.5 1994-06-30 [FBD] 606FreeBSD 1.1.5.1 1994-07-05 [FBD] 607 supersedes 1.1.5 5 days after release. 608NetBSD 1.0 1994-10-26 [NBD] 609386BSD 1.0 1994-11-12 [USE] 610FreeBSD 2.0 1994-11-23 [FBD] 611BSD/OS 2.0 1995-01-xx [BSDI] 4.4 lite based 612FreeBSD 2.0.5 1995-06-10 [FBD] 613BSD/OS 2.0.1 1995-06-xx [BSDI] 6144.4BSD Lite Release 2 1995-06-xx [44B] 615 the true final distribution from the CSRG 616FreeBSD 2.1.0 1995-11-19 [FBD] 617NetBSD 1.1 1995-11-26 [NBD] 618BSD/OS 2.1 1996-01-xx [BSDI] 619FreeBSD 2.1.5 1996-07-14 [FBD] 620NetBSD 1.2 1996-10-04 [NBD] 621OpenBSD 2.0 1996-10-18 [OBD] 622FreeBSD 2.1.6 1996-11-16 [FBD] 623FreeBSD 2.1.6.1 1996-11-25 [FBD] (sendmail security release) 624Rhapsody 1997-xx-xx 625FreeBSD 2.1.7 1997-02-20 [FBD] 626BSD/OS 3.0 1997-02-xx [BSDI] 4.4 lite2 based 627FreeBSD 2.2.0 1997-03-16 [FBD] 628FreeBSD 2.2.1 1997-03-25 [FBD] 629FreeBSD 2.2.2 1997-05-16 [FBD] 630NetBSD 1.2.1 1997-05-20 [NBD] (patch release) 631OpenBSD 2.1 1997-06-01 [OBD] 632FreeBSD 2.2.5 1997-10-22 [FBD] 633OpenBSD 2.2 1997-12-01 [OBD] 634NetBSD 1.3 1998-01-04 [NBD] 635FreeBSD 2.2.6 1998-03-25 [FBD] 636NetBSD 1.3.1 1998-03-09 [NBD] (patch release) 637BSD/OS 3.1 1998-03-xx [BSDI] 638OpenBSD 2.3 1998-05-19 [OBD] 639NetBSD 1.3.2 1998-05-29 [NBD] (patch release) 640FreeBSD 2.2.7 1998-07-22 [FBD] 641BSD/OS 4.0 1998-08-xx [BSDI] 642 2-lock MP support, ELF executables 643FreeBSD 3.0 1998-10-16 [FBD] 644 FreeBSD-3.0 is a snapshot from -current, 645 while 3.1 and 3.2 are from 3.x-stable which 646 was branched quite some time after 3.0-release 647FreeBSD 2.2.8 1998-11-29 [FBD] 648OpenBSD 2.4 1998-12-01 [OBD] 649NetBSD 1.3.3 1998-12-23 [NBD] (patch release) 650FreeBSD 3.1 1999-02-15 [FBD] 651BSD/OS 4.0.1 1999-03-xx [BSDI] 652NetBSD 1.4 1999-05-12 [NBD] 653FreeBSD 3.2 1999-05-17 [FBD] 654OpenBSD 2.5 1999-05-19 [OBD] 655NetBSD 1.4.1 1999-08-26 [NBD] (patch release) 656FreeBSD 3.3 1999-09-17 [FBD] 657OpenBSD 2.6 1999-12-01 [OBD] 658FreeBSD 3.4 1999-12-20 [FBD] 659BSD/OS 4.1 1999-12-xx [BSDI] 660FreeBSD 4.0 2000-03-13 [FBD] 661NetBSD 1.4.2 2000-03-19 [NBD] (patch release) 662OpenBSD 2.7 2000-06-15 [OBD] 663FreeBSD 3.5 2000-06-24 [FBD] 664FreeBSD 4.1 2000-07-27 [FBD] 665FreeBSD 3.5.1 2000-07-28 [FBD] 666FreeBSD 4.1.1 2000-09-25 [FBD] (a network-only patch release) 667FreeBSD 4.2 2000-11-21 [FBD] 668NetBSD 1.4.3 2000-11-25 [NBD] (patch release) 669BSD/OS 4.2 2000-11-29 [BSDI] 670OpenBSD 2.8 2000-12-01 [OBD] 671NetBSD 1.5 2000-12-06 [NBD] 672Mac OS X 10.0 2001-03-24 [APL] 673FreeBSD 4.3 2001-04-20 [FBD] 674OpenBSD 2.9 2001-06-01 [OBD] 675NetBSD 1.5.1 2001-07-11 [NBD] (patch release) 676NetBSD 1.5.2 2001-09-13 [NBD] (patch release) 677FreeBSD 4.4 2001-09-18 [FBD] 678Mac OS X 10.1 2001-09-29 [APL] 679OpenBSD 3.0 2001-12-01 [OBD] 680FreeBSD 4.5 2002-01-29 [FBD] 681BSD/OS 4.3 2002-03-14 [WRS] 682OpenBSD 3.1 2002-05-19 [OBD] 683FreeBSD 4.6 2002-06-15 [FBD] 684NetBSD 1.5.3 2002-07-22 [NBD] (patch release) 685FreeBSD 4.6.2 2002-08-15 [FBD] (patch release) 686Mac OS X 10.2 2002-08-23 [APL] 687NetBSD 1.6 2002-09-14 [NBD] 688FreeBSD 4.7 2002-10-08 [FBD] 689OpenBSD 3.2 2002-11-01 [OBD] 690FreeBSD 5.0 2003-01-17 [FBD] 691 FreeBSD 5.0 is a separate branch off of 692 -current, similar to 3.0. 693FreeBSD 4.8 2003-04-03 [FBD] 694NetBSD 1.6.1 2003-04-21 [NBD] (patch release) 695OpenBSD 3.3 2003-05-01 [OBD] 696BSD/OS 5.0 2003-05-?? [WRS] 697FreeBSD 5.1 2003-06-09 [FBD] 698Mac OS X 10.3 2003-10-24 [APL] 699FreeBSD 4.9 2003-10-28 [FBD] 700BSD/OS 5.1 ISE 2003-10-?? [WRS] (final version) 701OpenBSD 3.4 2003-11-01 [OBD] 702FreeBSD 5.2 2004-01-12 [FBD] 703FreeBSD 5.2.1 2004-02-22 [FBD] (patch release) 704NetBSD 1.6.2 2004-03-01 [NBD] (patch release) 705OpenBSD 3.5 2004-04-01 [OBD] 706FreeBSD 4.10 2004-05-27 [FBD] 707DragonFly 1.0 2004-07-12 [DFB] 708OpenBSD 3.6 2004-10-29 [OBD] 709FreeBSD 5.3 2004-11-06 [FBD] 710NetBSD 2.0 2004-12-09 [NBD] 711FreeBSD 4.11 2005-01-25 [FBD] 712DragonFly 1.2.0 2005-04-08 [DFB] 713NetBSD 2.0.2 2005-04-14 [NBD] (security/critical release) 714Mac OS X 10.4 2005-04-29 [APL] 715FreeBSD 5.4 2005-05-09 [FBD] 716OpenBSD 3.7 2005-05-19 [OBD] 717NetBSD 2.0.3 2005-10-31 [NBD] (security/critical release) 718OpenBSD 3.8 2005-11-01 [OBD] 719FreeBSD 6.0 2005-11-01 [FBD] 720NetBSD 2.1 2005-11-02 [NBD] 721NetBSD 3.0 2005-12-23 [NBD] 722DragonFly 1.4.0 2006-01-08 [DFB] 723FreeBSD 2.2.9 2006-04-01 [FBD] 724OpenBSD 3.9 2006-05-01 [OBD] 725FreeBSD 6.1 2006-05-08 [FBD] 726FreeBSD 5.5 2006-05-25 [FBD] 727NetBSD 3.0.1 2006-07-24 [NBD] (security/critical release) 728DragonFly 1.6.0 2006-07-24 [DFB] 729OpenBSD 4.0 2006-11-01 [OBD] 730NetBSD 3.0.2 2006-11-04 [NBD] (security/critical release) 731NetBSD 3.1 2006-11-04 [NBD] 732FreeBSD 6.2 2007-01-15 [FBD] 733DragonFly 1.8.0 2007-01-30 [DFB] 734OpenBSD 4.1 2007-05-01 [OBD] 735DragonFly 1.10.0 2007-08-06 [DFB] 736Mac OS X 10.5 2007-10-26 [APL] 737OpenBSD 4.2 2007-11-01 [OBD] 738NetBSD 4.0 2007-12-19 [NBD] 739FreeBSD 6.3 2008-01-18 [FBD] 740DragonFly 1.12.0 2008-02-26 [DFB] 741FreeBSD 7.0 2008-02-27 [FBD] 742OpenBSD 4.3 2008-05-01 [OBD] 743DragonFly 2.0.0 2008-07-21 [DFB] 744OpenBSD 4.4 2008-11-01 [OBD] 745FreeBSD 6.4 2008-11-28 [FBD] 746FreeBSD 7.1 2009-01-04 [FBD] 747DragonFly 2.2.0 2009-02-17 [DFB] 748NetBSD 5.0 2009-04-29 [NBD] 749OpenBSD 4.5 2009-05-01 [OBD] 750FreeBSD 7.2 2009-05-04 [FBD] 751Mac OS X 10.6 2009-06-08 [APL] 752NetBSD 5.0.1 2009-08-02 [NBD] (security/critical release) 753DragonFly 2.4.0 2009-09-16 [DFB] 754OpenBSD 4.6 2009-10-18 [OBD] 755FreeBSD 8.0 2009-11-26 [FBD] 756NetBSD 5.0.2 2010-02-12 [NBD] (security/critical release) 757FreeBSD 7.3 2010-03-23 [FBD] 758DragonFly 2.6.0 2010-03-28 [DFB] 759OpenBSD 4.7 2010-05-19 [OBD] 760FreeBSD 8.1 2010-07-24 [FBD] 761DragonFly 2.8.2 2010-10-30 [DFB] 762OpenBSD 4.8 2010-11-01 [OBD] 763NetBSD 5.1 2010-11-19 [NBD] 764FreeBSD 7.4 2011-02-24 [FBD] 765FreeBSD 8.2 2011-02-24 [FBD] 766DragonFly 2.10.1 2011-04-26 [DFB] 767OpenBSD 4.9 2011-05-01 [OBD] 768Mac OS X 10.7 2011-07-20 [APL] 769OpenBSD 5.0 2011-11-01 [OBD] 770FreeBSD 9.0 2012-01-12 [FBD] 771NetBSD 5.1.2 2012-02-02 [NBD] (security/critical release) 772DragonFly 3.0.1 2012-02-21 [DFB] 773FreeBSD 8.3 2012-04-18 [FBD] 774OpenBSD 5.1 2012-05-01 [OBD] 775Mac OS X 10.8 2012-07-25 [APL] 776NetBSD 6.0 2012-10-17 [NBD] 777OpenBSD 5.2 2012-11-01 [OBD] 778DragonFly 3.2.1 2012-11-02 [DFB] 779NetBSD 5.2 2012-12-03 [NBD] 780NetBSD 6.0.1 2012-12-26 [NBD] (security/critical release) 781FreeBSD 9.1 2012-12-30 [FBD] 782DragonFly 3.4.1 2013-04-29 [DFB] 783OpenBSD 5.3 2013-05-01 [OBD] 784NetBSD 6.0.2 2013-05-18 [NBD] (security/critical release) 785NetBSD 6.1 2013-05-18 [NBD] 786FreeBSD 8.4 2013-06-07 [FBD] 787NetBSD 6.1.1 2013-08-22 [NBD] 788NetBSD 5.1.3 2013-09-29 [NBD] 789NetBSD 5.2.1 2013-09-29 [NBD] 790FreeBSD 9.2 2013-09-30 [FBD] 791NetBSD 6.0.3 2013-09-30 [NBD] 792NetBSD 6.1.2 2013-09-30 [NBD] 793Mac OS X 10.9 2013-10-22 [APL] 794OpenBSD 5.4 2013-11-01 [OBD] 795DragonFly 3.6.0 2013-11-25 [DFB] 796FreeBSD 10.0 2014-01-20 [FBD] 797NetBSD 5.1.4 2014-01-25 [NBD] 798NetBSD 5.2.2 2014-01-25 [NBD] 799NetBSD 6.0.4 2014-01-25 [NBD] 800NetBSD 6.1.3 2014-01-25 [NBD] 801DragonFly 3.6.1 2014-02-22 [DFB] 802DragonFly 3.6.2 2014-04-10 [DFB] 803NetBSD 6.0.5 2014-04-12 [NBD] 804NetBSD 6.1.4 2014-04-12 [NBD] 805OpenBSD 5.5 2014-05-01 [OBD] 806DragonFly 3.8.0 2014-06-04 [DFB] 807DragonFly 3.8.1 2014-06-16 [DFB] 808DragonFly 3.6.3 2014-06-17 [DFB] 809FreeBSD 9.3 2014-07-05 [FBD] 810DragonFly 3.8.2 2014-08-08 [DFB] 811NetBSD 6.0.6 2014-09-22 [NBD] 812NetBSD 6.1.5 2014-09-22 [NBD] 813Mac OS X 10.10 2014-10-16 [APL] 814OpenBSD 5.6 2014-11-01 [OBD] 815FreeBSD 10.1 2014-11-14 [FBD] 816DragonFly 4.0.1 2014-11-25 [DFB] 817DragonFly 4.0.2 2015-01-07 [DFB] 818DragonFly 4.0.3 2015-01-21 [DFB] 819DragonFly 4.0.4 2015-03-09 [DFB] 820DragonFly 4.0.5 2015-03-23 [DFB] 821OpenBSD 5.7 2015-05-01 [OBD] 822DragonFly 4.2.0 2015-06-29 [DFB] 823FreeBSD 10.2 2015-08-13 [FBD] 824NetBSD 7.0 2015-09-25 [NBD] 825OS X 10.11 2015-09-30 [APL] 826OpenBSD 5.8 2015-10-18 [OBD] 827DragonFly 4.4.1 2015-12-07 [DFB] 828OpenBSD 5.9 2016-03-29 [OBD] 829FreeBSD 10.3 2016-04-04 [FBD] 830NetBSD 7.0.1 2016-05-22 [NBD] 831DragonFly 4.6.0 2016-08-02 [DFB] 832OpenBSD 6.0 2016-09-01 [OBD] 833macOS 10.12 2016-09-20 [APL] 834FreeBSD 11.0 2016-10-10 [FBD] 835NetBSD 7.0.2 2016-10-21 [NBD] 836NetBSD 7.1 2017-03-11 [NBD] 837DragonFly 4.8.0 2017-03-27 [DFB] 838OpenBSD 6.1 2017-04-11 [OBD] 839FreeBSD 11.1 2017-07-26 [FBD] 840macOS 10.13 2017-09-25 [APL] 841FreeBSD 10.4 2017-10-03 [FBD] 842OpenBSD 6.2 2017-10-09 [OBD] 843DragonFly 5.0.0 2017-10-16 [DFB] 844DragonFly 5.0.1 2017-11-06 [DFB] 845DragonFly 5.0.2 2017-12-04 [DFB] 846NetBSD 7.1.1 2017-12-22 [NBD] 847NetBSD 7.1.2 2018-03-15 [NBD] 848OpenBSD 6.3 2018-04-02 [OBD] 849DragonFly 5.2.0 2018-04-10 [DFB] 850DragonFly 5.2.1 2018-05-20 [DFB] 851DragonFly 5.2.2 2018-06-18 [DFB] 852FreeBSD 11.2 2018-06-27 [FBD] 853NetBSD 8.0 2018-07-17 [NBD] 854NetBSD 7.2 2018-08-29 [NBD] 855macOS 10.14 2018-09-24 [APL] 856OpenBSD 6.4 2018-10-18 [OBD] 857DragonFly 5.4.0 2018-12-03 [DFB] 858FreeBSD 12.0 2018-12-11 [FBD] 859DragonFly 5.4.1 2018-12-24 [DFB] 860OpenBSD 6.5 2019-05-01 [OBD] 861NetBSD 8.1 2019-06-04 [NBD] 862DragonFly 5.6 2019-06-17 [DFB] 863DragonFly 5.6.1 2019-06-19 [DFB] 864FreeBSD 11.3 2019-07-09 [FBD] 865DragonFly 5.6.2 2019-08-11 [DFB] 866OpenBSD 6.6 2019-10-17 [OBD] 867macOS 10.15 2019-10-07 [APL] 868macOS 10.15.1 2019-10-29 [APL] (security/critical release) 869FreeBSD 12.1 2019-11-04 [FBD] 870NetBSD 9.0 2020-02-14 [NBD] 871DragonFly 5.8 2020-03-03 [DFB] 872DragonFly 5.6.3 2020-03-11 [DFB] 873NetBSD 8.2 2020-03-31 [NBD] 874DragonFly 5.8.1 2020-05-06 [DFB] 875OpenBSD 6.7 2020-05-19 [OBD] 876FreeBSD 11.4 2020-06-16 [FBD] 877DragonFly 5.8.2 2020-09-23 [DFB] 878DragonFly 5.8.3 2020-09-24 [DFB] 879OpenBSD 6.8 2020-10-18 [OBD] 880NetBSD 9.1 2020-10-18 [NBD] 881FreeBSD 12.2 2020-10-27 [FBD] 882macOS 11 2020-11-12 [APL] 883FreeBSD 13.0 2021-04-13 [FBD] 884OpenBSD 6.9 2021-05-01 [OBD] 885DragonFly 6.0 2021-05-08 [DFB] 886NetBSD 9.2 2021-05-12 [NBD] 887DragonFly 6.0.1 2021-10-12 [DFB] 888OpenBSD 7.0 2021-10-14 [OBD] 889macOS 12 2021-10-25 [APL] 890FreeBSD 12.3 2021-12-01 [FBD] 891DragonFly 6.2.1 2022-01-09 [DFB] 892OpenBSD 7.1 2022-04-21 [OBD] 893FreeBSD 13.1 2022-05-17 [FBD] 894DragonFly 6.2.2 2022-06-09 [DFB] 895NetBSD 9.3 2022-08-04 [NBD] 896OpenBSD 7.2 2022-10-20 [OBD] 897macOS 13 2022-10-24 [APL] 898FreeBSD 12.4 2022-12-05 [FBD] 899DragonFly 6.4 2022-12-30 [DFB] 900OpenBSD 7.3 2023-04-10 [OBD] 901FreeBSD 13.2 2023-04-11 [FBD] 902macOS 14 2023-09-26 [APL] 903OpenBSD 7.4 2023-10-16 [OBD] 904FreeBSD 14.0 2023-11-20 [FBD] 905FreeBSD 13.3 2024-03-05 [FBD] 906NetBSD 10.0 2024-03-28 [NBD] 907OpenBSD 7.5 2024-04-05 [OBD] 908NetBSD 9.4 2024-04-20 [NBD] 909NetBSD 8.3 2024-05-04 [NBD] 910FreeBSD 14.1 2024-06-04 [FBD] 911macOS 15 2024-09-16 [APL] 912FreeBSD 13.4 2024-09-17 [FBD] 913OpenBSD 7.6 2024-10-08 [OBD] 914FreeBSD 14.2 2024-12-03 [FBD] 915NetBSD 10.1 2024-12-16 [NBD] 916 917Bibliography 918------------------------ 919 920Leffler, Samuel J., Marshall Kirk McKusick, Michael J Karels and John 921Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.3BSD UNIX Operating 922System. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley, 1989. ISBN 0-201-06196-1 923 924Salus, Peter H. A quarter century of UNIX. Addison-Wesley Publishing 925Company, Inc., 1994. ISBN 0-201-54777-5 926 927McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels, and John 928Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.4BSD Operating 929System. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley, 1996. ISBN 0-201-54979-4 930 931McKusick, Marshall Kirk, George Neville-Neil. The Design and 932Implementation of the FreeBSD Operating System. 933Addison-Wesley Professional, Published: Aug 2, 2004. ISBN 0-201-70245-2 934 935McKusick, Marshall Kirk, George Neville-Neil, Robert Watson. The 936Design and Implementation of the FreeBSD Operating System, 2nd Edition. 937Pearson Education, Inc., 2014. ISBN 0-321-96897-2 938 939Doug McIlroy. Research Unix Reader. 940 941Michael G. Brown. The Role of BSD in the Development of Unix. 942Presented to the Tasmanian Unix Special Interest Group of the 943Australian Computer Society, Hobart, August 1993. 944 945Peter H. Salus. Unix at 25. Byte Magazine, October 1994. 946URL: https://web.archive.org/web/20081230094857/http://www.byte.com/art/9410/sec8/art3.htm 947 948Andreas Klemm, Lars Köller. If you're going to San Francisco ... 949Die freien BSD-Varianten von Unix. c't April 1997, page 368ff. 950 951FreeBSD Release Information 952URL: https://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/ 953 954Manual pages for FreeBSD and ports 955URL: https://man.FreeBSD.org 956 957FreeBSD Documentation Archive 958URL: https://docs-archive.freebsd.org/doc/ 959 960UNIX history graphing project 961URL: https://minnie.tuhs.org/Unix_History/ 962 963UNIX history 964URL: https://www.levenez.com/unix/ 965 966James Howard: The BSD Family Tree 967URL: https://web.archive.org/web/20090427195917/http://ezine.daemonnews.org/200104/bsd_family.html 968("what are the differences between FreeBSD, NetBSD, and OpenBSD?") 969 970 971Acknowledgments 972--------------- 973 974Josh Gilliam for suggestions, bug fixes, and finding very old 975original BSD announcements from Usenet or tapes. 976 977Steven M. Schultz for providing 2.8BSD, 2.10BSD, 2.11BSD manual pages. 978 979-- 980Copyright (c) 1997-2024 Wolfram Schneider <wosch@FreeBSD.org> 981URL: https://cgit.freebsd.org/src/tree/share/misc/bsd-family-tree 982