1The UNIX system family tree: Research and BSD 2--------------------------------------------- 3 4First Edition (V1) 5 | 6Second Edition (V2) 7 | 8Third Edition (V3) 9 | 10Fourth Edition (V4) 11 | 12Fifth Edition (V5) 13 | 14Sixth Edition (V6) -----* 15 \ | 16 \ | 17 \ | 18Seventh Edition (V7)----|----------------------* 19 \ | | 20 \ 1BSD | 21 32V | | 22 \ 2BSD---------------* | 23 \ / | | 24 \ / | | 25 \/ | | 26 3BSD | | 27 | | | 28 4.0BSD 2.79BSD | 29 | | | 30 4.1BSD --------------> 2.8BSD <-* 31 | | 32 4.1aBSD -----------\ | 33 | \ | 34 4.1bBSD \ | 35 | \ | 36 *------ 4.1cBSD --------------> 2.9BSD 37 / | | 38Eighth Edition | 2.9BSD-Seismo 39 | | | 40 +----<--- 4.2BSD 2.9.1BSD 41 | | | 42 +----<--- 4.3BSD -------------> 2.10BSD 43 | | / | 44Ninth Edition | / 2.10.1BSD 45 | 4.3BSD Tahoe-----+ | 46 | | \ | 47 | | \ | 48 v | 2.11BSD 49Tenth Edition | | 50 | 2.11BSD rev #430 51 4.3BSD NET/1 | 52 | v 53 4.3BSD Reno 54 | 55 *---------- 4.3BSD NET/2 -------------------+-------------* 56 | | | | 57386BSD 0.0 | | BSD/386 ALPHA 58 | | | | 59386BSD 0.1 ------------>+ | BSD/386 0.3.[13] 60 | \ | 4.4BSD Alpha | 61 | 386BSD 1.0 | | BSD/386 0.9.[34] 62 | | 4.4BSD | 63 | | / | | 64 | | 4.4BSD-Encumbered | | 65 | -NetBSD 0.8 | BSD/386 1.0 66 | / | | | 67FreeBSD 1.0 <-----' *--NetBSD 0.9 | BSD/386 1.1 68 | | .----- 4.4BSD Lite | 69FreeBSD 1.1 | / / | \ | 70 | | / | | \ | 71FreeBSD 1.1.5 .---|--------' | | \ | 72 | / | | | \ | 73FreeBSD 1.1.5.1 / | | | \ | 74 | / *--NetBSD 1.0 <-' | \ | 75 | / | | \ | 76FreeBSD 2.0 <--' | | BSD/OS 2.0 77 | \ | | 78FreeBSD 2.0.5 \ | BSD/OS 2.0.1 79 | .-----\------------- 4.4BSD Lite2 | 80 | | \ | | | | | 81 | | .-----|------Rhapsody | | | | 82 | | | | NetBSD 1.3 | | | 83 | | | | OpenBSD 2.3 | | 84 | | | | BSD/OS 3.0 | 85FreeBSD 2.1 | | | | 86 | | | | *--NetBSD 1.1 -. BSD/OS 2.1 87 | FreeBSD 2.1.5 | | | \ | 88 | | | | *--NetBSD 1.2 \ BSD/OS 3.0 89 | FreeBSD 2.1.6 | | | \ OpenBSD 2.0 | 90 | | | | | \ | | 91 | FreeBSD 2.1.6.1 | | | \ | | 92 | | | | | \ | | 93 | FreeBSD 2.1.7 | | | | | | 94 | | | | | NetBSD 1.2.1 | | 95 | FreeBSD 2.1.7.1 | | | | | 96 | | | | | | 97 | | | | | | 98 *-FreeBSD 2.2 | | | | | 99 | \ | | | | | 100 | FreeBSD 2.2.1 | | | | | 101 | | | | | | | 102 | FreeBSD 2.2.2 | | | OpenBSD 2.1 | 103 | | | | | | | 104 | FreeBSD 2.2.5 | | | | | 105 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.2 | 106 | | | | *--NetBSD 1.3 | | 107 | FreeBSD 2.2.6 | | | | | | 108 | | | | | NetBSD 1.3.1 | BSD/OS 3.1 109 | | | | | | OpenBSD 2.3 | 110 | | | | | NetBSD 1.3.2 | | 111 | FreeBSD 2.2.7 | | | | | | 112 | | | | | | | BSD/OS 4.0 113 | FreeBSD 2.2.8 | | | | | | 114 | | | | | | | | 115 | v | | | | OpenBSD 2.4 | 116 | FreeBSD 2.2.9 | | | | | | 117 | | | | | | | 118FreeBSD 3.0 <--------* | | v | | 119 | | | NetBSD 1.3.3 | | 120 *---FreeBSD 3.1 | | | | 121 | | | | | BSD/OS 4.0.1 122 | FreeBSD 3.2----* | .--*--NetBSD 1.4 OpenBSD 2.5 | 123 | | | | | | | | | 124 | | | | | | | | | 125 | | | | | | | | | 126 | FreeBSD 3.3 | | | | NetBSD 1.4.1 | | 127 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 2.6 | 128 | FreeBSD 3.4 | | | | | | | 129 | | | | | | | | BSD/OS 4.1 130FreeBSD 4.0 | | | | | NetBSD 1.4.2 | | 131 | | | | | | | | | 132 | | | | | | | | | 133 | FreeBSD 3.5 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.7 | 134 | | | | | | | | | 135 | FreeBSD 3.5.1 | | | | | | | 136 | | | | | | | | 137 *---FreeBSD 4.1 | | | | | | | 138 | | | | | | | | | 139 | FreeBSD 4.1.1 | | / | | | | 140 | | | | / | | | | 141 | FreeBSD 4.2 Darwin/ | NetBSD 1.4.3 | | 142 | | Mac OS X | OpenBSD 2.8 BSD/OS 4.2 143 | | | | | | 144 | | | | | | 145 | | 10.0 *--NetBSD 1.5 | | 146 | FreeBSD 4.3 | | | | | 147 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.9 | 148 | | | | NetBSD 1.5.1 | | 149 | | | | | | | 150 | FreeBSD 4.4-. | | NetBSD 1.5.2 | | 151 | | | Mac OS X | | | | 152 | | | 10.1 | | OpenBSD 3.0 | 153 | FreeBSD 4.5 | | | | | | 154 | | \ | | | | BSD/OS 4.3 155 | FreeBSD 4.6 \ | | | OpenBSD 3.1 | 156 | | \ | | NetBSD 1.5.3 | | 157 | FreeBSD 4.6.2 Mac OS X | | | 158 | | 10.2 | | | 159 | FreeBSD 4.7 | | | | 160 | | | *--NetBSD 1.6 OpenBSD 3.2 | 161 | FreeBSD 4.8 | | | | | 162 | | | | NetBSD 1.6.1 | | 163 | |--------. | | | OpenBSD 3.3 BSD/OS 5.0 164 | | \ | | | | | 165 | FreeBSD 4.9 | | | | OpenBSD 3.4 BSD/OS 5.1 ISE 166 | | | | | | | 167 | | | | | NetBSD 1.6.2 | 168 | | | | | | | 169 | | | | | | OpenBSD 3.5 170 | | | | | v | 171 | FreeBSD 4.10 | | | | 172 | | | | | | 173 | FreeBSD 4.11 | | | | 174 | | | | | 175 | `-|------|-----------------|---------------------. 176 | | | | \ 177FreeBSD 5.0 | | | | 178 | | | | | 179FreeBSD 5.1 | | | DragonFly 1.0 180 | \ | | | | 181 | ----- Mac OS X | | | 182 | 10.3 | | | 183FreeBSD 5.2 | | | | 184 | | | | | | 185 | FreeBSD 5.2.1 | | | | 186 | | | | | 187 *-------FreeBSD 5.3 | | | | 188 | | | | OpenBSD 3.6 | 189 | | | *--NetBSD 2.0 | | 190 | | | | | | | DragonFly 1.2.0 191 | | Mac OS X | | NetBSD 2.0.2 | | 192 | | 10.4 | | | | | 193 | FreeBSD 5.4 | | | | | | 194 | | | | | | OpenBSD 3.7 | 195 | | | | | NetBSD 2.0.3 | | 196 | | | | | | | | 197 *--FreeBSD | | | | v OpenBSD 3.8 | 198 | 6.0 | | | | | | 199 | | | | | \ | | 200 | | | | | NetBSD 2.1 | | 201 | | | | | | | 202 | | | | *--NetBSD 3.0 | | 203 | | | | | | | | DragonFly 1.4.0 204 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 3.9 | 205 | FreeBSD | | | | | | | 206 | 6.1 | | | | | | | 207 | | FreeBSD 5.5 | | | | | | 208 | | | | | NetBSD 3.0.1 | DragonFly 1.6.0 209 | | | | | | | | 210 | | | | | | OpenBSD 4.0 | 211 | | | | | NetBSD 3.0.2 | | 212 | | | | NetBSD 3.1 | | 213 | FreeBSD 6.2 | | | | 214 | | | | | DragonFly 1.8.0 215 | | | | OpenBSD 4.1 | 216 | | | | | DragonFly 1.10.0 217 | | Mac OS X | | | 218 | | 10.5 | | | 219 | | | | OpenBSD 4.2 | 220 | | | *--NetBSD 4.0 | | 221 | FreeBSD 6.3 | | | | | 222 | \ | | | | | 223 *--FreeBSD | | | | | DragonFly 1.12.0 224 | 7.0 | | | | | | 225 | | | | | | OpenBSD 4.3 | 226 | | | | | NetBSD | DragonFly 2.0.0 227 | | FreeBSD | | 4.0.1 OpenBSD 4.4 | 228 | | 6.4 | | | | 229 | | | | | | 230 | FreeBSD 7.1 | | | | 231 | | | | | DragonFly 2.2.0 232 | FreeBSD 7.2 | *--NetBSD OpenBSD 4.5 | 233 | \ | | 5.0 | | 234 | \ | | / | \ | | 235 | | Mac OS X | | | \ | | 236 | | 10.6 | | | \ | | 237 | | | | | | NetBSD | DragonFly 2.4.0 238 | | | | | | 5.0.1 OpenBSD 4.6 | 239 | | | | | | | | | 240 *--FreeBSD | | | | | | | | 241 | 8.0 | | | | | | | | 242 | | FreeBSD | | | | NetBSD | | 243 | | 7.3 | | | | 5.0.2 | DragonFly 2.6.0 244 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 4.7 | 245 | FreeBSD | | | | | | | 246 | 8.1 | | | | | | | 247 | | | | | | | | DragonFly 2.8.2 248 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 4.8 | 249 | | | | | | *--NetBSD | | 250 | FreeBSD FreeBSD | | | 5.1 | | 251 | 8.2 7.4 | | | | | DragonFly 2.10.1 252 | | | | | | OpenBSD 4.9 | 253 | `-----. Mac OS X | | | | | 254 | \ 10.7 | | | | | 255 | | | | | | OpenBSD 5.0 | 256 *--FreeBSD | | | | | | | 257 | 9.0 | | | | NetBSD | DragonFly 3.0.1 258 | | FreeBSD | | | 5.1.2 | | 259 | | 8.3 | | | | | | 260 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 261 | | | | | | 5.1.3 | | 262 | | | | | | | | | 263 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 264 | | | | | | 5.1.4 | | 265 | | | | | | OpenBSD 5.1 | 266 | | | Mac OS X | `--------. | | 267 | | | 10.8 | | | | 268 | | | | *--NetBSD | | | 269 | | | | | 6.0 | | | 270 | | | | | | | | OpenBSD 5.2 DragonFly 3.2.1 271 | FreeBSD | | | | | NetBSD | | 272 | 9.1 | | | | | 5.2 | | 273 | | | | | | | | | | 274 | | | | | | | NetBSD | | 275 | | | | | | | 5.2.1 | | 276 | | | | | | | | | | 277 | | | | | | | NetBSD | | 278 | | | | | | | 5.2.2 | | 279 | | | | | | | | | 280 | | | | | | \ | | 281 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 282 | | | | | | 6.0.1 | | 283 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 5.3 DragonFly 3.4.1 284 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 285 | | | | | | 6.0.2 | | 286 | | | | | | | | | 287 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 288 | | | | | | 6.0.3 | | 289 | | | | | | | | | 290 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 291 | | | | | | 6.0.4 | | 292 | | | | | | | | | 293 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 294 | | | | | | 6.0.5 | | 295 | | | | | | | | | 296 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 297 | | | | | | 6.0.6 | | 298 | | | | | | | | 299 | | | | | *--NetBSD | | 300 | | | | | 6.1 | | 301 | | FreeBSD | | | | | 302 | | 8.4 | | NetBSD | | 303 | | | | | 6.1.1 | | 304 | | | | | | | 305 | FreeBSD | | NetBSD | | 306 | 9.2 | | 6.1.2 | | 307 | | Mac OS X | | | | 308 | | 10.9 | | OpenBSD 5.4 | 309 | `-----. | | | | DragonFly 3.6.0 310 | \ | | | | | 311 *--FreeBSD | | | NetBSD | | 312 | 10.0 | | | 6.1.3 | | 313 | | | | | | | | 314 | | | | | | | DragonFly 3.6.1 315 | | | | | | | | 316 | | | | | | | | 317 | | | | | | | DragonFly 3.6.2 318 | | | | | NetBSD | | 319 | | | | | 6.1.4 | | 320 | | | | | | | | 321 | | | | | | OpenBSD 5.5 | 322 | | | | | | | | 323 | | | | | | | DragonFly 3.8.0 324 | | | | | | | | 325 | | | | | | | | 326 | | | | | | | DragonFly 3.8.1 327 | | | | | | | | 328 | | | | | | | | 329 | | | | | | | DragonFly 3.6.3 330 | | | | | | | | 331 | | FreeBSD | | | | | 332 | | 9.3 | | | | | 333 | | | | NetBSD | DragonFly 3.8.2 334 | | | | 6.1.5 | | 335 | | Mac OS X | | | 336 | | 10.10 | | | 337 | | | | OpenBSD 5.6 | 338 | FreeBSD | | | | 339 | 10.1 | | | DragonFly 4.0.1 340 | | | | | | 341 | | | | | DragonFly 4.0.2 342 | | | | | | 343 | | | | | DragonFly 4.0.3 344 | | | | | | 345 | | | | | DragonFly 4.0.4 346 | | | | | | 347 | | | | | DragonFly 4.0.5 348 | | | | | | 349 | | | | OpenBSD 5.7 | 350 | | | | | DragonFly 4.2.0 351 | FreeBSD | | | | 352 | 10.2 | | | | 353 | | macOS *--NetBSD 7.0 | | 354 | | 10.11 | | | OpenBSD 5.8 | 355 | | | | | `--. | DragonFly 4.4.1 356 | FreeBSD | | | | OpenBSD 5.9 | 357 | 10.3 | | | | | | 358 | | | | | NetBSD | | 359 | | | | | 7.0.1 | | 360 | `------. | | | | | DragonFly 4.6.0 361 | | | | | | | | 362 | | | | | | | | 363 *--FreeBSD | macOS | | | OpenBSD 6.0 | 364 | 11.0 | 10.12 | | NetBSD | | 365 | | | | | | 7.0.2 | | 366 | | | | | | | | 367 | | | | | *--NetBSD | | 368 | | | | | | 7.1 | | 369 | | | | | | | | | 370 | | | | | | | | | 371 | | | macOS | | | | DragonFly 4.8.0 372 | | | 10.13 | | | OpenBSD 6.1 | 373 | FreeBSD | | | | | | DragonFly 5.0.0 374 | 11.1 FreeBSD | | | | | | 375 | | 10.4 | | | | OpenBSD 6.2 DragonFly 5.0.1 376 | | | | | | | | 377 | `------. | | | NetBSD | DragonFly 5.0.2 378 | | | | | 7.1.1 | | 379 | | | | | | | | 380 | | | | | NetBSD | | 381 | | | | | 7.1.2 `--. | 382 | | | | | | | 383 | | | | `-----. OpenBSD 6.3 | 384 | | | *--NetBSD | | DragonFly 5.2.0 385 | | | | 8.0 | | | 386 | | | | | | | DragonFly 5.2.1 387 | | | | | | | | 388 | | | | | | | DragonFly 5.2.2 389 | FreeBSD | | | *--NetBSD | | 390 | 11.2 | | | 7.2 | | 391 | | macOS | | | | 392 | | 10.14 | | OpenBSD 6.4 | 393 | | | | | | | 394 | | | | | | DragonFly 5.4.0 395 *--FreeBSD | | | | | | 396 | 12.0 | | | | | DragonFly 5.4.1 397 | | | | | | OpenBSD 6.5 | 398 | | | | | | | | 399 | | | | | NetBSD | | 400 | | | | | 8.1 | DragonFly 5.6 401 | | | | | | | | 402 | | | | | | | DragonFly 5.6.1 403 | | FreeBSD macOS | | | | 404 | | 11.3 10.15 | | | | 405 | FreeBSD | | | | OpenBSD 6.6 | 406 | 12.1 | macOS | `-------. | | 407 | | | 10.15.1 | | | DragonFly 5.6.2 408 | | | | *--NetBSD | | | 409 | | | | | 9.0 | | | 410 | | | | | | | | | 411 | | | | | | | | DragonFly 5.8 412 | | | | | | | | | 413 | | | | | | | | DragonFly 5.6.3 414 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 415 | | | | | | 8.2 | | 416 | | | | | | | | DragonFly 5.8.1 417 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 6.7 | 418 | | FreeBSD | | | | | | 419 | | 11.4 | | | | | | 420 | | | | | | | DragonFly 5.8.2 421 | | | | | | | DragonFly 5.8.3 422 | | | | NetBSD | OpenBSD 6.8 | 423 | FreeBSD macOS | 9.1 | | | 424 | 12.2 11 | | | | | 425 | | | | | | | | 426 | `------. | | | | | | 427 | | | | | | | | 428 *--FreeBSD | | | | | | | 429 | 13.0 | | | NetBSD | OpenBSD 6.9 DragonFly 6.0.0 430 | | | | | 9.2 | | | 431 | | | | | | | | DragonFly 6.0.1 432 | | | | | | | | | 433 | | FreeBSD macOS | | | OpenBSD 7.0 | 434 | | 12.3 12 | | | | | 435 | | | | | | | | DragonFly 6.2.1 436 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 7.1 | 437 | FreeBSD | | | | | | | 438 | 13.1 | | | | | | | 439 | | | | | | | | DragonFly 6.2.2 440 | | | | | NetBSD | | | 441 | | | macOS | 9.3 | OpenBSD 7.2 | 442 | | | 13 | | | | | 443 | | FreeBSD | | | | | | 444 | | 12.4 | | | | | | 445 | | | | | | | DragonFly 6.4.0 446 | | | | | | OpenBSD 7.3 | 447 | FreeBSD | | | | | | 448 | 13.2 | | | | | | 449 | | | | | | | | 450 | `------. | | | | | | 451 | | macOS | | | | | 452 | | 14 | | | | | 453 | | | | | | OpenBSD 7.4 | 454 *--FreeBSD | | | | | | | 455 | 14.0 | | | | | | | 456 | | | | | | | | | 457 | | FreeBSD | | NetBSD | | | 458 | | 13.3 | | 9.4 | | | 459 | | | | | | | | 460 | | | | *--NetBSD | | | 461 | | | | | 10.0 | | | 462 | | | | | | | | | 463 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 7.5 | 464 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 465 | | | | | | 8.3 | | 466 | FreeBSD | | | | | | 467 | 14.1 | | | | | | 468 | | | macOS | | | | 469 | | | 15 | | | | 470 | | FreeBSD | | | | | 471 | | 13.4 | | | OpenBSD 7.6 | 472 | FreeBSD | | | | | | 473 | 14.2 | | | | | | 474 | | | | | NetBSD | | 475 | | | | | 10.1 | | 476 | | FreeBSD | | | | 477 | | 13.5 | | | | 478 | | | | OpenBSD 7.7 | 479 | | | | | DragonFly 6.4.1 480 | | | | | DragonFly 6.4.2 481 | FreeBSD | | | | 482 | 14.3 | | | | 483 | | | | | 484FreeBSD 15 -current | NetBSD -current OpenBSD -current DragonFly -current 485 | | | | | 486 v v v v v 487 488Time 489---------------- 490 491Time tolerance +/- 6 months, depending on which book/article you read; if it was 492the announcement in Usenet or if it was available as tape. 493 494[44B] McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels, and John 495 Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.4BSD Operating System. 496[APL] Apple website [https://www.apple.com/macosx/] 497[BSDI] Berkeley Software Design, Inc. 498[DFB] DragonFlyBSD Project, The. 499[DOC] README, COPYRIGHT on tape. 500[FBD] FreeBSD Project, The. 501[KB] Keith Bostic. BSD2.10 available from Usenix. comp.unix.sources, Volume 11, 502 Info 4, April, 1987. 503[KKK] Mike Karels, Kirk McKusick, and Keith Bostic. tahoe announcement. 504 comp.bugs.4bsd.ucb-fixes, June 15, 1988. 505[KSJ] Michael J. Karels, Carl F. Smith, and William F. Jolitz. Changes in the 506 Kernel in 2.9BSD. Second Berkeley Software Distribution UNIX Version 2.9, 507 July, 1983. 508[NBD] NetBSD Project, The. 509[OBD] OpenBSD Project, The. 510[QCU] Salus, Peter H. A quarter century of UNIX. ISBN 0201547775, EAN 511 9780201547771 512[SMS] Steven M. Schultz. 2.11BSD, UNIX for the PDP-11. 513[TUHS] The Unix Historical Society. https://minnie.tuhs.org/Unix_History/ 514[USE] Usenet announcement. 515[WRS] Wind River Systems, Inc. 516[dmr] Dennis Ritchie, via E-Mail 517 518Multics 1965 519UNIX Summer 1969 520 DEC PDP-7 521First Edition 1971-11-03 [QCU] 522 DEC PDP-11/20, Assembler 523Second Edition 1972-06-12 [QCU] 524 10 UNIX installations 525Third Edition 1973-02-xx [QCU] 526 Pipes, 16 installations 527Fourth Edition 1973-11-xx [QCU] 528 rewriting in C effected, 529 above 30 installations 530Fifth Edition 1974-06-xx [QCU] 531 above 50 installations 532Sixth Edition 1975-05-xx [QCU] 533 port to DEC Vax 534Seventh Edition 1979-01-xx [QCU] 1979-01-10 [TUHS] 535 first portable UNIX 536Eighth Edition 1985-02-xx [QCU] 537 VAX 11/750, VAX 11/780 [dmr] 538 descended from 4.1c BSD [dmr] 539 descended from 4.1 BSD [44B] 540 scooping-out and replacement of the character-device 541 and networking part by the streams mechanism 542 543Ninth Edition 1986-09-xx [QCU] 544Tenth Edition 1989-10-xx [QCU] 545 5461BSD late 1977 547 1978-01-16 [DOC] 548 1978-03-09 [QCU] 549 PDP-11, Pascal, ex(1) 550 30 free copies of 1BSD sent out 551 35 tapes sold for 50 USD [QCU] 5522BSD mid 1978 [QCU] 1979-05-10 [TUHS] 553 75 2BSD tapes shipped 5542.79BSD 1980-04-xx [TUHS] 5552.8BSD 1981-07-xx [KSJ] 556 First 2BSD with bootable V7 kernel plus 557 community fixes. 5582.8.1BSD 1982-01-xx [QCU] 559 set of performance improvements 5602.9BSD 1983-07-xx [KSJ] 5612.9.1BSD 1983-11-xx [TUHS] 5622.9BSD-Seismo 1985-08-xx [SMS] 5632.10BSD 1987-04-xx [KKK] 5642.10.1BSD 1989-01-xx [SMS] 5652.11BSD 1991-03-14 [SMS] 5662.11BSD rev #430 1999-12-13 [SMS] 567 56832V 1978-1[01]-xx [QCU] 1979-03-26 [TUHS] 5693BSD late 1979 [QCU] March 1980 [TUHS] 570 virtual memory, page replacement, 571 demand paging 5724.0BSD 1980-10-xx 5734.1BSD 1981-07-08 [DOC] 5744.1aBSD 1982-04-xx 575 alpha release, 100 sites, networking [44B] 5764.1bBSD internal release, fast filesystem [44B] 5774.1cBSD late 1982 578 beta release, IPC [44B] 5794.2BSD 1983-09-xx [QCU] 580 1983-08-03 [DOC] 5814.3BSD 1986-06-xx [QCU] 582 1986-04-05 [KB], [DOC] 5834.3BSD Tahoe 1988-06-15 [QCU], [DOC] 5844.3BSD NET/1 1988-11-xx [QCU] 585 1989-01-01 [DOC] 5864.3BSD Reno 1990-06-29 [QCU], [DOC] 5874.3BSD NET/2 1991-06-28 [QCU], [DOC] 588 589BSD/386 ALPHA 1991-12-xx [BSDI] 590 first code released to people outside BSDI 591386BSD 0.0 1992-02-xx [DOC] 592BSD/386 0.3.1 1992-04-xx [BSDI] first ext. beta; B customers 593BSD/386 0.3.3 1992-06-xx [BSDI] first CDROM version 594386BSD 0.1 1992-07-28 [DOC] 5954.4BSD Alpha 1992-07-07 596BSD/386 0.9.3 1992-10-xx [BSDI] 597 first external gamma; G customers 598BSD/386 0.9.4 1992-12-xx [BSDI] 599 would have been 1.0 except for request 600 for preliminary injunction 601BSD/386 1.0 1993-03-xx [BSDI] 602 injunction denied; first official release 603NetBSD 0.8 1993-04-20 [NBD] 6044.4BSD 1993-06-01 [USE] 605NetBSD 0.9 1993-08-23 [NBD] 606FreeBSD 1.0 1993-11-01 [FBD] 607FreeBSD 1.0.2 1993-11-14 [FBD] 608 supersedes 1.0 13 days after release. 609BSD/386 1.1 1994-02-xx [BSDI] 6104.4BSD Lite 1994-03-01 [USE] 611FreeBSD 1.1 1994-05-07 [FBD] 612FreeBSD 1.1.5 1994-06-30 [FBD] 613FreeBSD 1.1.5.1 1994-07-05 [FBD] 614 supersedes 1.1.5 5 days after release. 615NetBSD 1.0 1994-10-26 [NBD] 616386BSD 1.0 1994-11-12 [USE] 617FreeBSD 2.0 1994-11-23 [FBD] 618BSD/OS 2.0 1995-01-xx [BSDI] 4.4 lite based 619FreeBSD 2.0.5 1995-06-10 [FBD] 620BSD/OS 2.0.1 1995-06-xx [BSDI] 6214.4BSD Lite Release 2 1995-06-xx [44B] 622 the true final distribution from the CSRG 623FreeBSD 2.1.0 1995-11-19 [FBD] 624NetBSD 1.1 1995-11-26 [NBD] 625BSD/OS 2.1 1996-01-xx [BSDI] 626FreeBSD 2.1.5 1996-07-14 [FBD] 627NetBSD 1.2 1996-10-04 [NBD] 628OpenBSD 2.0 1996-10-18 [OBD] 629FreeBSD 2.1.6 1996-11-16 [FBD] 630FreeBSD 2.1.6.1 1996-11-25 [FBD] (sendmail security release) 631Rhapsody 1997-xx-xx 632FreeBSD 2.1.7 1997-02-20 [FBD] 633BSD/OS 3.0 1997-02-xx [BSDI] 4.4 lite2 based 634FreeBSD 2.2.0 1997-03-16 [FBD] 635FreeBSD 2.2.1 1997-03-25 [FBD] 636FreeBSD 2.2.2 1997-05-16 [FBD] 637NetBSD 1.2.1 1997-05-20 [NBD] (patch release) 638OpenBSD 2.1 1997-06-01 [OBD] 639FreeBSD 2.2.5 1997-10-22 [FBD] 640OpenBSD 2.2 1997-12-01 [OBD] 641NetBSD 1.3 1998-01-04 [NBD] 642FreeBSD 2.2.6 1998-03-25 [FBD] 643NetBSD 1.3.1 1998-03-09 [NBD] (patch release) 644BSD/OS 3.1 1998-03-xx [BSDI] 645OpenBSD 2.3 1998-05-19 [OBD] 646NetBSD 1.3.2 1998-05-29 [NBD] (patch release) 647FreeBSD 2.2.7 1998-07-22 [FBD] 648BSD/OS 4.0 1998-08-xx [BSDI] 649 2-lock MP support, ELF executables 650FreeBSD 3.0 1998-10-16 [FBD] 651 FreeBSD-3.0 is a snapshot from -current, 652 while 3.1 and 3.2 are from 3.x-stable which 653 was branched quite some time after 3.0-release 654FreeBSD 2.2.8 1998-11-29 [FBD] 655OpenBSD 2.4 1998-12-01 [OBD] 656NetBSD 1.3.3 1998-12-23 [NBD] (patch release) 657FreeBSD 3.1 1999-02-15 [FBD] 658BSD/OS 4.0.1 1999-03-xx [BSDI] 659NetBSD 1.4 1999-05-12 [NBD] 660FreeBSD 3.2 1999-05-17 [FBD] 661OpenBSD 2.5 1999-05-19 [OBD] 662NetBSD 1.4.1 1999-08-26 [NBD] (patch release) 663FreeBSD 3.3 1999-09-17 [FBD] 664OpenBSD 2.6 1999-12-01 [OBD] 665FreeBSD 3.4 1999-12-20 [FBD] 666BSD/OS 4.1 1999-12-xx [BSDI] 667FreeBSD 4.0 2000-03-13 [FBD] 668NetBSD 1.4.2 2000-03-19 [NBD] (patch release) 669OpenBSD 2.7 2000-06-15 [OBD] 670FreeBSD 3.5 2000-06-24 [FBD] 671FreeBSD 4.1 2000-07-27 [FBD] 672FreeBSD 3.5.1 2000-07-28 [FBD] 673FreeBSD 4.1.1 2000-09-25 [FBD] (a network-only patch release) 674FreeBSD 4.2 2000-11-21 [FBD] 675NetBSD 1.4.3 2000-11-25 [NBD] (patch release) 676BSD/OS 4.2 2000-11-29 [BSDI] 677OpenBSD 2.8 2000-12-01 [OBD] 678NetBSD 1.5 2000-12-06 [NBD] 679Mac OS X 10.0 2001-03-24 [APL] 680FreeBSD 4.3 2001-04-20 [FBD] 681OpenBSD 2.9 2001-06-01 [OBD] 682NetBSD 1.5.1 2001-07-11 [NBD] (patch release) 683NetBSD 1.5.2 2001-09-13 [NBD] (patch release) 684FreeBSD 4.4 2001-09-18 [FBD] 685Mac OS X 10.1 2001-09-29 [APL] 686OpenBSD 3.0 2001-12-01 [OBD] 687FreeBSD 4.5 2002-01-29 [FBD] 688BSD/OS 4.3 2002-03-14 [WRS] 689OpenBSD 3.1 2002-05-19 [OBD] 690FreeBSD 4.6 2002-06-15 [FBD] 691NetBSD 1.5.3 2002-07-22 [NBD] (patch release) 692FreeBSD 4.6.2 2002-08-15 [FBD] (patch release) 693Mac OS X 10.2 2002-08-23 [APL] 694NetBSD 1.6 2002-09-14 [NBD] 695FreeBSD 4.7 2002-10-08 [FBD] 696OpenBSD 3.2 2002-11-01 [OBD] 697FreeBSD 5.0 2003-01-17 [FBD] 698 FreeBSD 5.0 is a separate branch off of 699 -current, similar to 3.0. 700FreeBSD 4.8 2003-04-03 [FBD] 701NetBSD 1.6.1 2003-04-21 [NBD] (patch release) 702OpenBSD 3.3 2003-05-01 [OBD] 703BSD/OS 5.0 2003-05-?? [WRS] 704FreeBSD 5.1 2003-06-09 [FBD] 705Mac OS X 10.3 2003-10-24 [APL] 706FreeBSD 4.9 2003-10-28 [FBD] 707BSD/OS 5.1 ISE 2003-10-?? [WRS] (final version) 708OpenBSD 3.4 2003-11-01 [OBD] 709FreeBSD 5.2 2004-01-12 [FBD] 710FreeBSD 5.2.1 2004-02-22 [FBD] (patch release) 711NetBSD 1.6.2 2004-03-01 [NBD] (patch release) 712OpenBSD 3.5 2004-04-01 [OBD] 713FreeBSD 4.10 2004-05-27 [FBD] 714DragonFly 1.0 2004-07-12 [DFB] 715OpenBSD 3.6 2004-10-29 [OBD] 716FreeBSD 5.3 2004-11-06 [FBD] 717NetBSD 2.0 2004-12-09 [NBD] 718FreeBSD 4.11 2005-01-25 [FBD] 719DragonFly 1.2.0 2005-04-08 [DFB] 720NetBSD 2.0.2 2005-04-14 [NBD] (security/critical release) 721Mac OS X 10.4 2005-04-29 [APL] 722FreeBSD 5.4 2005-05-09 [FBD] 723OpenBSD 3.7 2005-05-19 [OBD] 724NetBSD 2.0.3 2005-10-31 [NBD] (security/critical release) 725OpenBSD 3.8 2005-11-01 [OBD] 726FreeBSD 6.0 2005-11-01 [FBD] 727NetBSD 2.1 2005-11-02 [NBD] 728NetBSD 3.0 2005-12-23 [NBD] 729DragonFly 1.4.0 2006-01-08 [DFB] 730FreeBSD 2.2.9 2006-04-01 [FBD] 731OpenBSD 3.9 2006-05-01 [OBD] 732FreeBSD 6.1 2006-05-08 [FBD] 733FreeBSD 5.5 2006-05-25 [FBD] 734NetBSD 3.0.1 2006-07-24 [NBD] (security/critical release) 735DragonFly 1.6.0 2006-07-24 [DFB] 736OpenBSD 4.0 2006-11-01 [OBD] 737NetBSD 3.0.2 2006-11-04 [NBD] (security/critical release) 738NetBSD 3.1 2006-11-04 [NBD] 739FreeBSD 6.2 2007-01-15 [FBD] 740DragonFly 1.8.0 2007-01-30 [DFB] 741OpenBSD 4.1 2007-05-01 [OBD] 742DragonFly 1.10.0 2007-08-06 [DFB] 743Mac OS X 10.5 2007-10-26 [APL] 744OpenBSD 4.2 2007-11-01 [OBD] 745NetBSD 4.0 2007-12-19 [NBD] 746FreeBSD 6.3 2008-01-18 [FBD] 747DragonFly 1.12.0 2008-02-26 [DFB] 748FreeBSD 7.0 2008-02-27 [FBD] 749OpenBSD 4.3 2008-05-01 [OBD] 750DragonFly 2.0.0 2008-07-21 [DFB] 751OpenBSD 4.4 2008-11-01 [OBD] 752FreeBSD 6.4 2008-11-28 [FBD] 753FreeBSD 7.1 2009-01-04 [FBD] 754DragonFly 2.2.0 2009-02-17 [DFB] 755NetBSD 5.0 2009-04-29 [NBD] 756OpenBSD 4.5 2009-05-01 [OBD] 757FreeBSD 7.2 2009-05-04 [FBD] 758Mac OS X 10.6 2009-06-08 [APL] 759NetBSD 5.0.1 2009-08-02 [NBD] (security/critical release) 760DragonFly 2.4.0 2009-09-16 [DFB] 761OpenBSD 4.6 2009-10-18 [OBD] 762FreeBSD 8.0 2009-11-26 [FBD] 763NetBSD 5.0.2 2010-02-12 [NBD] (security/critical release) 764FreeBSD 7.3 2010-03-23 [FBD] 765DragonFly 2.6.0 2010-03-28 [DFB] 766OpenBSD 4.7 2010-05-19 [OBD] 767FreeBSD 8.1 2010-07-24 [FBD] 768DragonFly 2.8.2 2010-10-30 [DFB] 769OpenBSD 4.8 2010-11-01 [OBD] 770NetBSD 5.1 2010-11-19 [NBD] 771FreeBSD 7.4 2011-02-24 [FBD] 772FreeBSD 8.2 2011-02-24 [FBD] 773DragonFly 2.10.1 2011-04-26 [DFB] 774OpenBSD 4.9 2011-05-01 [OBD] 775Mac OS X 10.7 2011-07-20 [APL] 776OpenBSD 5.0 2011-11-01 [OBD] 777FreeBSD 9.0 2012-01-12 [FBD] 778NetBSD 5.1.2 2012-02-02 [NBD] (security/critical release) 779DragonFly 3.0.1 2012-02-21 [DFB] 780FreeBSD 8.3 2012-04-18 [FBD] 781OpenBSD 5.1 2012-05-01 [OBD] 782Mac OS X 10.8 2012-07-25 [APL] 783NetBSD 6.0 2012-10-17 [NBD] 784OpenBSD 5.2 2012-11-01 [OBD] 785DragonFly 3.2.1 2012-11-02 [DFB] 786NetBSD 5.2 2012-12-03 [NBD] 787NetBSD 6.0.1 2012-12-26 [NBD] (security/critical release) 788FreeBSD 9.1 2012-12-30 [FBD] 789DragonFly 3.4.1 2013-04-29 [DFB] 790OpenBSD 5.3 2013-05-01 [OBD] 791NetBSD 6.0.2 2013-05-18 [NBD] (security/critical release) 792NetBSD 6.1 2013-05-18 [NBD] 793FreeBSD 8.4 2013-06-07 [FBD] 794NetBSD 6.1.1 2013-08-22 [NBD] 795NetBSD 5.1.3 2013-09-29 [NBD] 796NetBSD 5.2.1 2013-09-29 [NBD] 797FreeBSD 9.2 2013-09-30 [FBD] 798NetBSD 6.0.3 2013-09-30 [NBD] 799NetBSD 6.1.2 2013-09-30 [NBD] 800Mac OS X 10.9 2013-10-22 [APL] 801OpenBSD 5.4 2013-11-01 [OBD] 802DragonFly 3.6.0 2013-11-25 [DFB] 803FreeBSD 10.0 2014-01-20 [FBD] 804NetBSD 5.1.4 2014-01-25 [NBD] 805NetBSD 5.2.2 2014-01-25 [NBD] 806NetBSD 6.0.4 2014-01-25 [NBD] 807NetBSD 6.1.3 2014-01-25 [NBD] 808DragonFly 3.6.1 2014-02-22 [DFB] 809DragonFly 3.6.2 2014-04-10 [DFB] 810NetBSD 6.0.5 2014-04-12 [NBD] 811NetBSD 6.1.4 2014-04-12 [NBD] 812OpenBSD 5.5 2014-05-01 [OBD] 813DragonFly 3.8.0 2014-06-04 [DFB] 814DragonFly 3.8.1 2014-06-16 [DFB] 815DragonFly 3.6.3 2014-06-17 [DFB] 816FreeBSD 9.3 2014-07-05 [FBD] 817DragonFly 3.8.2 2014-08-08 [DFB] 818NetBSD 6.0.6 2014-09-22 [NBD] 819NetBSD 6.1.5 2014-09-22 [NBD] 820Mac OS X 10.10 2014-10-16 [APL] 821OpenBSD 5.6 2014-11-01 [OBD] 822FreeBSD 10.1 2014-11-14 [FBD] 823DragonFly 4.0.1 2014-11-25 [DFB] 824DragonFly 4.0.2 2015-01-07 [DFB] 825DragonFly 4.0.3 2015-01-21 [DFB] 826DragonFly 4.0.4 2015-03-09 [DFB] 827DragonFly 4.0.5 2015-03-23 [DFB] 828OpenBSD 5.7 2015-05-01 [OBD] 829DragonFly 4.2.0 2015-06-29 [DFB] 830FreeBSD 10.2 2015-08-13 [FBD] 831NetBSD 7.0 2015-09-25 [NBD] 832OS X 10.11 2015-09-30 [APL] 833OpenBSD 5.8 2015-10-18 [OBD] 834DragonFly 4.4.1 2015-12-07 [DFB] 835OpenBSD 5.9 2016-03-29 [OBD] 836FreeBSD 10.3 2016-04-04 [FBD] 837NetBSD 7.0.1 2016-05-22 [NBD] 838DragonFly 4.6.0 2016-08-02 [DFB] 839OpenBSD 6.0 2016-09-01 [OBD] 840macOS 10.12 2016-09-20 [APL] 841FreeBSD 11.0 2016-10-10 [FBD] 842NetBSD 7.0.2 2016-10-21 [NBD] 843NetBSD 7.1 2017-03-11 [NBD] 844DragonFly 4.8.0 2017-03-27 [DFB] 845OpenBSD 6.1 2017-04-11 [OBD] 846FreeBSD 11.1 2017-07-26 [FBD] 847macOS 10.13 2017-09-25 [APL] 848FreeBSD 10.4 2017-10-03 [FBD] 849OpenBSD 6.2 2017-10-09 [OBD] 850DragonFly 5.0.0 2017-10-16 [DFB] 851DragonFly 5.0.1 2017-11-06 [DFB] 852DragonFly 5.0.2 2017-12-04 [DFB] 853NetBSD 7.1.1 2017-12-22 [NBD] 854NetBSD 7.1.2 2018-03-15 [NBD] 855OpenBSD 6.3 2018-04-02 [OBD] 856DragonFly 5.2.0 2018-04-10 [DFB] 857DragonFly 5.2.1 2018-05-20 [DFB] 858DragonFly 5.2.2 2018-06-18 [DFB] 859FreeBSD 11.2 2018-06-27 [FBD] 860NetBSD 8.0 2018-07-17 [NBD] 861NetBSD 7.2 2018-08-29 [NBD] 862macOS 10.14 2018-09-24 [APL] 863OpenBSD 6.4 2018-10-18 [OBD] 864DragonFly 5.4.0 2018-12-03 [DFB] 865FreeBSD 12.0 2018-12-11 [FBD] 866DragonFly 5.4.1 2018-12-24 [DFB] 867OpenBSD 6.5 2019-05-01 [OBD] 868NetBSD 8.1 2019-06-04 [NBD] 869DragonFly 5.6 2019-06-17 [DFB] 870DragonFly 5.6.1 2019-06-19 [DFB] 871FreeBSD 11.3 2019-07-09 [FBD] 872DragonFly 5.6.2 2019-08-11 [DFB] 873OpenBSD 6.6 2019-10-17 [OBD] 874macOS 10.15 2019-10-07 [APL] 875macOS 10.15.1 2019-10-29 [APL] (security/critical release) 876FreeBSD 12.1 2019-11-04 [FBD] 877NetBSD 9.0 2020-02-14 [NBD] 878DragonFly 5.8 2020-03-03 [DFB] 879DragonFly 5.6.3 2020-03-11 [DFB] 880NetBSD 8.2 2020-03-31 [NBD] 881DragonFly 5.8.1 2020-05-06 [DFB] 882OpenBSD 6.7 2020-05-19 [OBD] 883FreeBSD 11.4 2020-06-16 [FBD] 884DragonFly 5.8.2 2020-09-23 [DFB] 885DragonFly 5.8.3 2020-09-24 [DFB] 886OpenBSD 6.8 2020-10-18 [OBD] 887NetBSD 9.1 2020-10-18 [NBD] 888FreeBSD 12.2 2020-10-27 [FBD] 889macOS 11 2020-11-12 [APL] 890FreeBSD 13.0 2021-04-13 [FBD] 891OpenBSD 6.9 2021-05-01 [OBD] 892DragonFly 6.0 2021-05-08 [DFB] 893NetBSD 9.2 2021-05-12 [NBD] 894DragonFly 6.0.1 2021-10-12 [DFB] 895OpenBSD 7.0 2021-10-14 [OBD] 896macOS 12 2021-10-25 [APL] 897FreeBSD 12.3 2021-12-01 [FBD] 898DragonFly 6.2.1 2022-01-09 [DFB] 899OpenBSD 7.1 2022-04-21 [OBD] 900FreeBSD 13.1 2022-05-17 [FBD] 901DragonFly 6.2.2 2022-06-09 [DFB] 902NetBSD 9.3 2022-08-04 [NBD] 903OpenBSD 7.2 2022-10-20 [OBD] 904macOS 13 2022-10-24 [APL] 905FreeBSD 12.4 2022-12-05 [FBD] 906DragonFly 6.4 2022-12-30 [DFB] 907OpenBSD 7.3 2023-04-10 [OBD] 908FreeBSD 13.2 2023-04-11 [FBD] 909macOS 14 2023-09-26 [APL] 910OpenBSD 7.4 2023-10-16 [OBD] 911FreeBSD 14.0 2023-11-20 [FBD] 912FreeBSD 13.3 2024-03-05 [FBD] 913NetBSD 10.0 2024-03-28 [NBD] 914OpenBSD 7.5 2024-04-05 [OBD] 915NetBSD 9.4 2024-04-20 [NBD] 916NetBSD 8.3 2024-05-04 [NBD] 917FreeBSD 14.1 2024-06-04 [FBD] 918macOS 15 2024-09-16 [APL] 919FreeBSD 13.4 2024-09-17 [FBD] 920OpenBSD 7.6 2024-10-08 [OBD] 921FreeBSD 14.2 2024-12-03 [FBD] 922NetBSD 10.1 2024-12-16 [NBD] 923FreeBSD 13.5 2025-03-11 [FBD] 924OpenBSD 7.7 2025-04-28 [OBD] 925DragonFly 6.4.1 2025-04-30 [DFB] 926DragonFly 6.4.2 2025-05-09 [DFB] 927FreeBSD 14.3 2025-06-10 [FBD] 928 929Bibliography 930------------------------ 931 932Leffler, Samuel J., Marshall Kirk McKusick, Michael J Karels and John 933Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.3BSD UNIX Operating 934System. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley, 1989. ISBN 0-201-06196-1 935 936Salus, Peter H. A quarter century of UNIX. Addison-Wesley Publishing 937Company, Inc., 1994. ISBN 0-201-54777-5 938 939McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels, and John 940Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.4BSD Operating 941System. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley, 1996. ISBN 0-201-54979-4 942 943McKusick, Marshall Kirk, George Neville-Neil. The Design and 944Implementation of the FreeBSD Operating System. 945Addison-Wesley Professional, Published: Aug 2, 2004. ISBN 0-201-70245-2 946 947McKusick, Marshall Kirk, George Neville-Neil, Robert Watson. The 948Design and Implementation of the FreeBSD Operating System, 2nd Edition. 949Pearson Education, Inc., 2014. ISBN 0-321-96897-2 950 951Doug McIlroy. Research Unix Reader. 952 953Michael G. Brown. The Role of BSD in the Development of Unix. 954Presented to the Tasmanian Unix Special Interest Group of the 955Australian Computer Society, Hobart, August 1993. 956 957Peter H. Salus. Unix at 25. Byte Magazine, October 1994. 958URL: https://web.archive.org/web/20081230094857/http://www.byte.com/art/9410/sec8/art3.htm 959 960Andreas Klemm, Lars Köller. If you're going to San Francisco ... 961Die freien BSD-Varianten von Unix. c't April 1997, page 368ff. 962 963FreeBSD Release Information 964URL: https://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/ 965 966Manual pages for FreeBSD and ports 967URL: https://man.FreeBSD.org 968 969FreeBSD Documentation Archive 970URL: https://docs-archive.freebsd.org/doc/ 971 972UNIX history graphing project 973URL: https://minnie.tuhs.org/Unix_History/ 974 975UNIX history 976URL: https://www.levenez.com/unix/ 977 978James Howard: The BSD Family Tree 979URL: https://web.archive.org/web/20090427195917/http://ezine.daemonnews.org/200104/bsd_family.html 980("what are the differences between FreeBSD, NetBSD, and OpenBSD?") 981 982 983Acknowledgments 984--------------- 985 986Josh Gilliam for suggestions, bug fixes, and finding very old 987original BSD announcements from Usenet or tapes. 988 989Steven M. Schultz for providing 2.8BSD, 2.10BSD, 2.11BSD manual pages. 990 991-- 992Copyright (c) 1997-2024 Wolfram Schneider <wosch@FreeBSD.org> 993URL: https://cgit.freebsd.org/src/tree/share/misc/bsd-family-tree 994