1The UNIX system family tree: Research and BSD 2--------------------------------------------- 3 4First Edition (V1) 5 | 6Second Edition (V2) 7 | 8Third Edition (V3) 9 | 10Fourth Edition (V4) 11 | 12Fifth Edition (V5) 13 | 14Sixth Edition (V6) -----* 15 \ | 16 \ | 17 \ | 18Seventh Edition (V7)----|----------------------* 19 \ | | 20 \ 1BSD | 21 32V | | 22 \ 2BSD---------------* | 23 \ / | | 24 \ / | | 25 \/ | | 26 3BSD | | 27 | | | 28 4.0BSD 2.79BSD | 29 | | | 30 4.1BSD --------------> 2.8BSD <-* 31 | | 32 4.1aBSD -----------\ | 33 | \ | 34 4.1bBSD \ | 35 | \ | 36 *------ 4.1cBSD --------------> 2.9BSD 37 / | | 38Eighth Edition | 2.9BSD-Seismo 39 | | | 40 +----<--- 4.2BSD 2.9.1BSD 41 | | | 42 +----<--- 4.3BSD -------------> 2.10BSD 43 | | / | 44Ninth Edition | / 2.10.1BSD 45 | 4.3BSD Tahoe-----+ | 46 | | \ | 47 | | \ | 48 v | 2.11BSD 49Tenth Edition | | 50 | 2.11BSD rev #430 51 4.3BSD NET/1 | 52 | v 53 4.3BSD Reno 54 | 55 *---------- 4.3BSD NET/2 -------------------+-------------* 56 | | | | 57386BSD 0.0 | | BSD/386 ALPHA 58 | | | | 59386BSD 0.1 ------------>+ | BSD/386 0.3.[13] 60 | \ | 4.4BSD Alpha | 61 | 386BSD 1.0 | | BSD/386 0.9.[34] 62 | | 4.4BSD | 63 | | / | | 64 | | 4.4BSD-Encumbered | | 65 | -NetBSD 0.8 | BSD/386 1.0 66 | / | | | 67FreeBSD 1.0 <-----' *--NetBSD 0.9 | BSD/386 1.1 68 | | .----- 4.4BSD Lite | 69FreeBSD 1.1 | / / | \ | 70 | | / | | \ | 71FreeBSD 1.1.5 .---|--------' | | \ | 72 | / | | | \ | 73FreeBSD 1.1.5.1 / | | | \ | 74 | / *--NetBSD 1.0 <-' | \ | 75 | / | | \ | 76FreeBSD 2.0 <--' | | BSD/OS 2.0 77 | \ | | 78FreeBSD 2.0.5 \ | BSD/OS 2.0.1 79 | .-----\------------- 4.4BSD Lite2 | 80 | | \ | | | | | 81 | | .-----|------Rhapsody | | | | 82 | | | | NetBSD 1.3 | | | 83 | | | | OpenBSD 2.3 | | 84 | | | | BSD/OS 3.0 | 85FreeBSD 2.1 | | | | 86 | | | | *--NetBSD 1.1 -. BSD/OS 2.1 87 | FreeBSD 2.1.5 | | | \ | 88 | | | | *--NetBSD 1.2 \ BSD/OS 3.0 89 | FreeBSD 2.1.6 | | | \ OpenBSD 2.0 | 90 | | | | | \ | | 91 | FreeBSD 2.1.6.1 | | | \ | | 92 | | | | | \ | | 93 | FreeBSD 2.1.7 | | | | | | 94 | | | | | NetBSD 1.2.1 | | 95 | FreeBSD 2.1.7.1 | | | | | 96 | | | | | | 97 | | | | | | 98 *-FreeBSD 2.2 | | | | | 99 | \ | | | | | 100 | FreeBSD 2.2.1 | | | | | 101 | | | | | | | 102 | FreeBSD 2.2.2 | | | OpenBSD 2.1 | 103 | | | | | | | 104 | FreeBSD 2.2.5 | | | | | 105 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.2 | 106 | | | | *--NetBSD 1.3 | | 107 | FreeBSD 2.2.6 | | | | | | 108 | | | | | NetBSD 1.3.1 | BSD/OS 3.1 109 | | | | | | OpenBSD 2.3 | 110 | | | | | NetBSD 1.3.2 | | 111 | FreeBSD 2.2.7 | | | | | | 112 | | | | | | | BSD/OS 4.0 113 | FreeBSD 2.2.8 | | | | | | 114 | | | | | | | | 115 | v | | | | OpenBSD 2.4 | 116 | FreeBSD 2.2.9 | | | | | | 117 | | | | | | | 118FreeBSD 3.0 <--------* | | v | | 119 | | | NetBSD 1.3.3 | | 120 *---FreeBSD 3.1 | | | | 121 | | | | | BSD/OS 4.0.1 122 | FreeBSD 3.2----* | .--*--NetBSD 1.4 OpenBSD 2.5 | 123 | | | | | | | | | 124 | | | | | | | | | 125 | | | | | | | | | 126 | FreeBSD 3.3 | | | | NetBSD 1.4.1 | | 127 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 2.6 | 128 | FreeBSD 3.4 | | | | | | | 129 | | | | | | | | BSD/OS 4.1 130FreeBSD 4.0 | | | | | NetBSD 1.4.2 | | 131 | | | | | | | | | 132 | | | | | | | | | 133 | FreeBSD 3.5 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.7 | 134 | | | | | | | | | 135 | FreeBSD 3.5.1 | | | | | | | 136 | | | | | | | | 137 *---FreeBSD 4.1 | | | | | | | 138 | | | | | | | | | 139 | FreeBSD 4.1.1 | | / | | | | 140 | | | | / | | | | 141 | FreeBSD 4.2 Darwin/ | NetBSD 1.4.3 | | 142 | | Mac OS X | OpenBSD 2.8 BSD/OS 4.2 143 | | | | | | 144 | | | | | | 145 | | 10.0 *--NetBSD 1.5 | | 146 | FreeBSD 4.3 | | | | | 147 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.9 | 148 | | | | NetBSD 1.5.1 | | 149 | | | | | | | 150 | FreeBSD 4.4-. | | NetBSD 1.5.2 | | 151 | | | Mac OS X | | | | 152 | | | 10.1 | | OpenBSD 3.0 | 153 | FreeBSD 4.5 | | | | | | 154 | | \ | | | | BSD/OS 4.3 155 | FreeBSD 4.6 \ | | | OpenBSD 3.1 | 156 | | \ | | NetBSD 1.5.3 | | 157 | FreeBSD 4.6.2 Mac OS X | | | 158 | | 10.2 | | | 159 | FreeBSD 4.7 | | | | 160 | | | *--NetBSD 1.6 OpenBSD 3.2 | 161 | FreeBSD 4.8 | | | | | 162 | | | | NetBSD 1.6.1 | | 163 | |--------. | | | OpenBSD 3.3 BSD/OS 5.0 164 | | \ | | | | | 165 | FreeBSD 4.9 | | | | OpenBSD 3.4 BSD/OS 5.1 ISE 166 | | | | | | | 167 | | | | | NetBSD 1.6.2 | 168 | | | | | | | 169 | | | | | | OpenBSD 3.5 170 | | | | | v | 171 | FreeBSD 4.10 | | | | 172 | | | | | | 173 | FreeBSD 4.11 | | | | 174 | | | | | 175 | `-|------|-----------------|---------------------. 176 | | | | \ 177FreeBSD 5.0 | | | | 178 | | | | | 179FreeBSD 5.1 | | | DragonFly 1.0 180 | \ | | | | 181 | ----- Mac OS X | | | 182 | 10.3 | | | 183FreeBSD 5.2 | | | | 184 | | | | | | 185 | FreeBSD 5.2.1 | | | | 186 | | | | | 187 *-------FreeBSD 5.3 | | | | 188 | | | | OpenBSD 3.6 | 189 | | | *--NetBSD 2.0 | | 190 | | | | | | | DragonFly 1.2.0 191 | | Mac OS X | | NetBSD 2.0.2 | | 192 | | 10.4 | | | | | 193 | FreeBSD 5.4 | | | | | | 194 | | | | | | OpenBSD 3.7 | 195 | | | | | NetBSD 2.0.3 | | 196 | | | | | | | | 197 *--FreeBSD | | | | v OpenBSD 3.8 | 198 | 6.0 | | | | | | 199 | | | | | \ | | 200 | | | | | NetBSD 2.1 | | 201 | | | | | | | 202 | | | | *--NetBSD 3.0 | | 203 | | | | | | | | DragonFly 1.4.0 204 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 3.9 | 205 | FreeBSD | | | | | | | 206 | 6.1 | | | | | | | 207 | | FreeBSD 5.5 | | | | | | 208 | | | | | NetBSD 3.0.1 | DragonFly 1.6.0 209 | | | | | | | | 210 | | | | | | OpenBSD 4.0 | 211 | | | | | NetBSD 3.0.2 | | 212 | | | | NetBSD 3.1 | | 213 | FreeBSD 6.2 | | | | 214 | | | | | DragonFly 1.8.0 215 | | | | OpenBSD 4.1 | 216 | | | | | DragonFly 1.10.0 217 | | Mac OS X | | | 218 | | 10.5 | | | 219 | | | | OpenBSD 4.2 | 220 | | | *--NetBSD 4.0 | | 221 | FreeBSD 6.3 | | | | | 222 | \ | | | | | 223 *--FreeBSD | | | | | DragonFly 1.12.0 224 | 7.0 | | | | | | 225 | | | | | | OpenBSD 4.3 | 226 | | | | | NetBSD | DragonFly 2.0.0 227 | | FreeBSD | | 4.0.1 OpenBSD 4.4 | 228 | | 6.4 | | | | 229 | | | | | | 230 | FreeBSD 7.1 | | | | 231 | | | | | DragonFly 2.2.0 232 | FreeBSD 7.2 | *--NetBSD OpenBSD 4.5 | 233 | \ | | 5.0 | | 234 | \ | | / | \ | | 235 | | Mac OS X | | | \ | | 236 | | 10.6 | | | \ | | 237 | | | | | | NetBSD | DragonFly 2.4.0 238 | | | | | | 5.0.1 OpenBSD 4.6 | 239 | | | | | | | | | 240 *--FreeBSD | | | | | | | | 241 | 8.0 | | | | | | | | 242 | | FreeBSD | | | | NetBSD | | 243 | | 7.3 | | | | 5.0.2 | DragonFly 2.6.0 244 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 4.7 | 245 | FreeBSD | | | | | | | 246 | 8.1 | | | | | | | 247 | | | | | | | | DragonFly 2.8.2 248 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 4.8 | 249 | | | | | | *--NetBSD | | 250 | FreeBSD FreeBSD | | | 5.1 | | 251 | 8.2 7.4 | | | | | DragonFly 2.10.1 252 | | | | | | OpenBSD 4.9 | 253 | `-----. Mac OS X | | | | | 254 | \ 10.7 | | | | | 255 | | | | | | OpenBSD 5.0 | 256 *--FreeBSD | | | | | | | 257 | 9.0 | | | | NetBSD | DragonFly 3.0.1 258 | | FreeBSD | | | 5.1.2 | | 259 | | 8.3 | | | | | | 260 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 261 | | | | | | 5.1.3 | | 262 | | | | | | | | | 263 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 264 | | | | | | 5.1.4 | | 265 | | | | | | OpenBSD 5.1 | 266 | | | Mac OS X | `--------. | | 267 | | | 10.8 | | | | 268 | | | | *--NetBSD | | | 269 | | | | | 6.0 | | | 270 | | | | | | | | OpenBSD 5.2 DragonFly 3.2.1 271 | FreeBSD | | | | | NetBSD | | 272 | 9.1 | | | | | 5.2 | | 273 | | | | | | | | | | 274 | | | | | | | NetBSD | | 275 | | | | | | | 5.2.1 | | 276 | | | | | | | | | | 277 | | | | | | | NetBSD | | 278 | | | | | | | 5.2.2 | | 279 | | | | | | | | | 280 | | | | | | \ | | 281 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 282 | | | | | | 6.0.1 | | 283 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 5.3 DragonFly 3.4.1 284 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 285 | | | | | | 6.0.2 | | 286 | | | | | | | | | 287 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 288 | | | | | | 6.0.3 | | 289 | | | | | | | | | 290 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 291 | | | | | | 6.0.4 | | 292 | | | | | | | | | 293 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 294 | | | | | | 6.0.5 | | 295 | | | | | | | | | 296 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 297 | | | | | | 6.0.6 | | 298 | | | | | | | | 299 | | | | | *--NetBSD | | 300 | | | | | 6.1 | | 301 | | FreeBSD | | | | | 302 | | 8.4 | | NetBSD | | 303 | | | | | 6.1.1 | | 304 | | | | | | | 305 | FreeBSD | | NetBSD | | 306 | 9.2 | | 6.1.2 | | 307 | | Mac OS X | | | | 308 | | 10.9 | | OpenBSD 5.4 | 309 | `-----. | | | | DragonFly 3.6.0 310 | \ | | | | | 311 *--FreeBSD | | | NetBSD | | 312 | 10.0 | | | 6.1.3 | | 313 | | | | | | | | 314 | | | | | | | DragonFly 3.6.1 315 | | | | | | | | 316 | | | | | | | | 317 | | | | | | | DragonFly 3.6.2 318 | | | | | NetBSD | | 319 | | | | | 6.1.4 | | 320 | | | | | | | | 321 | | | | | | OpenBSD 5.5 | 322 | | | | | | | | 323 | | | | | | | DragonFly 3.8.0 324 | | | | | | | | 325 | | | | | | | | 326 | | | | | | | DragonFly 3.8.1 327 | | | | | | | | 328 | | | | | | | | 329 | | | | | | | DragonFly 3.6.3 330 | | | | | | | | 331 | | FreeBSD | | | | | 332 | | 9.3 | | | | | 333 | | | | NetBSD | DragonFly 3.8.2 334 | | | | 6.1.5 | | 335 | | Mac OS X | | | 336 | | 10.10 | | | 337 | | | | OpenBSD 5.6 | 338 | FreeBSD | | | | 339 | 10.1 | | | DragonFly 4.0.1 340 | | | | | | 341 | | | | | DragonFly 4.0.2 342 | | | | | | 343 | | | | | DragonFly 4.0.3 344 | | | | | | 345 | | | | | DragonFly 4.0.4 346 | | | | | | 347 | | | | | DragonFly 4.0.5 348 | | | | | | 349 | | | | OpenBSD 5.7 | 350 | | | | | DragonFly 4.2.0 351 | FreeBSD | | | | 352 | 10.2 | | | | 353 | | macOS *--NetBSD 7.0 | | 354 | | 10.11 | | | OpenBSD 5.8 | 355 | | | | | `--. | DragonFly 4.4.1 356 | FreeBSD | | | | OpenBSD 5.9 | 357 | 10.3 | | | | | | 358 | | | | | NetBSD | | 359 | | | | | 7.0.1 | | 360 | `------. | | | | | DragonFly 4.6.0 361 | | | | | | | | 362 | | | | | | | | 363 *--FreeBSD | macOS | | | OpenBSD 6.0 | 364 | 11.0 | 10.12 | | NetBSD | | 365 | | | | | | 7.0.2 | | 366 | | | | | | | | 367 | | | | | *--NetBSD | | 368 | | | | | | 7.1 | | 369 | | | | | | | | | 370 | | | | | | | | | 371 | | | macOS | | | | DragonFly 4.8.0 372 | | | 10.13 | | | OpenBSD 6.1 | 373 | FreeBSD | | | | | | DragonFly 5.0.0 374 | 11.1 FreeBSD | | | | | | 375 | | 10.4 | | | | OpenBSD 6.2 DragonFly 5.0.1 376 | | | | | | | | 377 | `------. | | | NetBSD | DragonFly 5.0.2 378 | | | | | 7.1.1 | | 379 | | | | | | | | 380 | | | | | NetBSD | | 381 | | | | | 7.1.2 `--. | 382 | | | | | | | 383 | | | | `-----. OpenBSD 6.3 | 384 | | | *--NetBSD | | DragonFly 5.2.0 385 | | | | 8.0 | | | 386 | | | | | | | DragonFly 5.2.1 387 | | | | | | | | 388 | | | | | | | DragonFly 5.2.2 389 | FreeBSD | | | *--NetBSD | | 390 | 11.2 | | | 7.2 | | 391 | | macOS | | | | 392 | | 10.14 | | OpenBSD 6.4 | 393 | | | | | | | 394 | | | | | | DragonFly 5.4.0 395 *--FreeBSD | | | | | | 396 | 12.0 | | | | | DragonFly 5.4.1 397 | | | | | | OpenBSD 6.5 | 398 | | | | | | | | 399 | | | | | NetBSD | | 400 | | | | | 8.1 | DragonFly 5.6 401 | | | | | | | | 402 | | | | | | | DragonFly 5.6.1 403 | | FreeBSD macOS | | | | 404 | | 11.3 10.15 | | | | 405 | FreeBSD | | | | OpenBSD 6.6 | 406 | 12.1 | macOS | `-------. | | 407 | | | 10.15.1 | | | DragonFly 5.6.2 408 | | | | *--NetBSD | | | 409 | | | | | 9.0 | | | 410 | | | | | | | | | 411 | | | | | | | | DragonFly 5.8 412 | | | | | | | | | 413 | | | | | | | | DragonFly 5.6.3 414 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 415 | | | | | | 8.2 | | 416 | | | | | | | | DragonFly 5.8.1 417 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 6.7 | 418 | | FreeBSD | | | | | | 419 | | 11.4 | | | | | | 420 | | | | | | | DragonFly 5.8.2 421 | | | | | | | DragonFly 5.8.3 422 | | | | NetBSD | OpenBSD 6.8 | 423 | FreeBSD macOS | 9.1 | | | 424 | 12.2 11 | | | | | 425 | | | | | | | | 426 | `------. | | | | | | 427 | | | | | | | | 428 *--FreeBSD | | | | | | | 429 | 13.0 | | | NetBSD | OpenBSD 6.9 DragonFly 6.0.0 430 | | | | | 9.2 | | | 431 | | | | | | | | DragonFly 6.0.1 432 | | | | | | | | | 433 | | FreeBSD macOS | | | OpenBSD 7.0 | 434 | | 12.3 12 | | | | | 435 | | | | | | | | DragonFly 6.2.1 436 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 7.1 | 437 | FreeBSD | | | | | | | 438 | 13.1 | | | | | | | 439 | | | | | | | | DragonFly 6.2.2 440 | | | | | NetBSD | | | 441 | | | macOS | 9.3 | OpenBSD 7.2 | 442 | | | 13 | | | | | 443 | | FreeBSD | | | | | | 444 | | 12.4 | | | | | | 445 | | | | | | | DragonFly 6.4.0 446 | | | | | | OpenBSD 7.3 | 447 | FreeBSD | | | | | | 448 | 13.2 | | | | | | 449 | | | | | | | | 450 | `------. | | | | | | 451 | | macOS | | | | | 452 | | 14 | | | | | 453 | | | | | | OpenBSD 7.4 | 454 *--FreeBSD | | | | | | | 455 | 14.0 | | | | | | | 456 | | | | | | | | | 457 | | FreeBSD | | NetBSD | | | 458 | | 13.3 | | 9.4 | | | 459 | | | | | | | | 460 | | | | *--NetBSD | | | 461 | | | | | 10.0 | | | 462 | | | | | | | | | 463 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 7.5 | 464 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 465 | | | | | | 8.3 | | 466 | FreeBSD | | | | | | 467 | 14.1 | | | | | | 468 | | | macOS | | | | 469 | | | 15 | | | | 470 | | FreeBSD | | | | | 471 | | 13.4 | | | OpenBSD 7.6 | 472 | FreeBSD | | | | | | 473 | 14.2 | | | | | | 474 | | | | NetBSD | | 475 | | | | 10.1 | | 476 | FreeBSD | | | | 477 | 13.5 | | | | 478 | | | OpenBSD 7.7 | 479 | | | | | 480FreeBSD 15 -current | NetBSD -current OpenBSD -current DragonFly -current 481 | | | | | 482 v v v v v 483 484Time 485---------------- 486 487Time tolerance +/- 6 months, depending on which book/article you read; if it was 488the announcement in Usenet or if it was available as tape. 489 490[44B] McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels, and John 491 Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.4BSD Operating System. 492[APL] Apple website [https://www.apple.com/macosx/] 493[BSDI] Berkeley Software Design, Inc. 494[DFB] DragonFlyBSD Project, The. 495[DOC] README, COPYRIGHT on tape. 496[FBD] FreeBSD Project, The. 497[KB] Keith Bostic. BSD2.10 available from Usenix. comp.unix.sources, Volume 11, 498 Info 4, April, 1987. 499[KKK] Mike Karels, Kirk McKusick, and Keith Bostic. tahoe announcement. 500 comp.bugs.4bsd.ucb-fixes, June 15, 1988. 501[KSJ] Michael J. Karels, Carl F. Smith, and William F. Jolitz. Changes in the 502 Kernel in 2.9BSD. Second Berkeley Software Distribution UNIX Version 2.9, 503 July, 1983. 504[NBD] NetBSD Project, The. 505[OBD] OpenBSD Project, The. 506[QCU] Salus, Peter H. A quarter century of UNIX. ISBN 0201547775, EAN 507 9780201547771 508[SMS] Steven M. Schultz. 2.11BSD, UNIX for the PDP-11. 509[TUHS] The Unix Historical Society. https://minnie.tuhs.org/Unix_History/ 510[USE] Usenet announcement. 511[WRS] Wind River Systems, Inc. 512[dmr] Dennis Ritchie, via E-Mail 513 514Multics 1965 515UNIX Summer 1969 516 DEC PDP-7 517First Edition 1971-11-03 [QCU] 518 DEC PDP-11/20, Assembler 519Second Edition 1972-06-12 [QCU] 520 10 UNIX installations 521Third Edition 1973-02-xx [QCU] 522 Pipes, 16 installations 523Fourth Edition 1973-11-xx [QCU] 524 rewriting in C effected, 525 above 30 installations 526Fifth Edition 1974-06-xx [QCU] 527 above 50 installations 528Sixth Edition 1975-05-xx [QCU] 529 port to DEC Vax 530Seventh Edition 1979-01-xx [QCU] 1979-01-10 [TUHS] 531 first portable UNIX 532Eighth Edition 1985-02-xx [QCU] 533 VAX 11/750, VAX 11/780 [dmr] 534 descended from 4.1c BSD [dmr] 535 descended from 4.1 BSD [44B] 536 scooping-out and replacement of the character-device 537 and networking part by the streams mechanism 538 539Ninth Edition 1986-09-xx [QCU] 540Tenth Edition 1989-10-xx [QCU] 541 5421BSD late 1977 543 1978-01-16 [DOC] 544 1978-03-09 [QCU] 545 PDP-11, Pascal, ex(1) 546 30 free copies of 1BSD sent out 547 35 tapes sold for 50 USD [QCU] 5482BSD mid 1978 [QCU] 1979-05-10 [TUHS] 549 75 2BSD tapes shipped 5502.79BSD 1980-04-xx [TUHS] 5512.8BSD 1981-07-xx [KSJ] 552 First 2BSD with bootable V7 kernel plus 553 community fixes. 5542.8.1BSD 1982-01-xx [QCU] 555 set of performance improvements 5562.9BSD 1983-07-xx [KSJ] 5572.9.1BSD 1983-11-xx [TUHS] 5582.9BSD-Seismo 1985-08-xx [SMS] 5592.10BSD 1987-04-xx [KKK] 5602.10.1BSD 1989-01-xx [SMS] 5612.11BSD 1991-03-14 [SMS] 5622.11BSD rev #430 1999-12-13 [SMS] 563 56432V 1978-1[01]-xx [QCU] 1979-03-26 [TUHS] 5653BSD late 1979 [QCU] March 1980 [TUHS] 566 virtual memory, page replacement, 567 demand paging 5684.0BSD 1980-10-xx 5694.1BSD 1981-07-08 [DOC] 5704.1aBSD 1982-04-xx 571 alpha release, 100 sites, networking [44B] 5724.1bBSD internal release, fast filesystem [44B] 5734.1cBSD late 1982 574 beta release, IPC [44B] 5754.2BSD 1983-09-xx [QCU] 576 1983-08-03 [DOC] 5774.3BSD 1986-06-xx [QCU] 578 1986-04-05 [KB], [DOC] 5794.3BSD Tahoe 1988-06-15 [QCU], [DOC] 5804.3BSD NET/1 1988-11-xx [QCU] 581 1989-01-01 [DOC] 5824.3BSD Reno 1990-06-29 [QCU], [DOC] 5834.3BSD NET/2 1991-06-28 [QCU], [DOC] 584 585BSD/386 ALPHA 1991-12-xx [BSDI] 586 first code released to people outside BSDI 587386BSD 0.0 1992-02-xx [DOC] 588BSD/386 0.3.1 1992-04-xx [BSDI] first ext. beta; B customers 589BSD/386 0.3.3 1992-06-xx [BSDI] first CDROM version 590386BSD 0.1 1992-07-28 [DOC] 5914.4BSD Alpha 1992-07-07 592BSD/386 0.9.3 1992-10-xx [BSDI] 593 first external gamma; G customers 594BSD/386 0.9.4 1992-12-xx [BSDI] 595 would have been 1.0 except for request 596 for preliminary injunction 597BSD/386 1.0 1993-03-xx [BSDI] 598 injunction denied; first official release 599NetBSD 0.8 1993-04-20 [NBD] 6004.4BSD 1993-06-01 [USE] 601NetBSD 0.9 1993-08-23 [NBD] 602FreeBSD 1.0 1993-11-01 [FBD] 603FreeBSD 1.0.2 1993-11-14 [FBD] 604 supersedes 1.0 13 days after release. 605BSD/386 1.1 1994-02-xx [BSDI] 6064.4BSD Lite 1994-03-01 [USE] 607FreeBSD 1.1 1994-05-07 [FBD] 608FreeBSD 1.1.5 1994-06-30 [FBD] 609FreeBSD 1.1.5.1 1994-07-05 [FBD] 610 supersedes 1.1.5 5 days after release. 611NetBSD 1.0 1994-10-26 [NBD] 612386BSD 1.0 1994-11-12 [USE] 613FreeBSD 2.0 1994-11-23 [FBD] 614BSD/OS 2.0 1995-01-xx [BSDI] 4.4 lite based 615FreeBSD 2.0.5 1995-06-10 [FBD] 616BSD/OS 2.0.1 1995-06-xx [BSDI] 6174.4BSD Lite Release 2 1995-06-xx [44B] 618 the true final distribution from the CSRG 619FreeBSD 2.1.0 1995-11-19 [FBD] 620NetBSD 1.1 1995-11-26 [NBD] 621BSD/OS 2.1 1996-01-xx [BSDI] 622FreeBSD 2.1.5 1996-07-14 [FBD] 623NetBSD 1.2 1996-10-04 [NBD] 624OpenBSD 2.0 1996-10-18 [OBD] 625FreeBSD 2.1.6 1996-11-16 [FBD] 626FreeBSD 2.1.6.1 1996-11-25 [FBD] (sendmail security release) 627Rhapsody 1997-xx-xx 628FreeBSD 2.1.7 1997-02-20 [FBD] 629BSD/OS 3.0 1997-02-xx [BSDI] 4.4 lite2 based 630FreeBSD 2.2.0 1997-03-16 [FBD] 631FreeBSD 2.2.1 1997-03-25 [FBD] 632FreeBSD 2.2.2 1997-05-16 [FBD] 633NetBSD 1.2.1 1997-05-20 [NBD] (patch release) 634OpenBSD 2.1 1997-06-01 [OBD] 635FreeBSD 2.2.5 1997-10-22 [FBD] 636OpenBSD 2.2 1997-12-01 [OBD] 637NetBSD 1.3 1998-01-04 [NBD] 638FreeBSD 2.2.6 1998-03-25 [FBD] 639NetBSD 1.3.1 1998-03-09 [NBD] (patch release) 640BSD/OS 3.1 1998-03-xx [BSDI] 641OpenBSD 2.3 1998-05-19 [OBD] 642NetBSD 1.3.2 1998-05-29 [NBD] (patch release) 643FreeBSD 2.2.7 1998-07-22 [FBD] 644BSD/OS 4.0 1998-08-xx [BSDI] 645 2-lock MP support, ELF executables 646FreeBSD 3.0 1998-10-16 [FBD] 647 FreeBSD-3.0 is a snapshot from -current, 648 while 3.1 and 3.2 are from 3.x-stable which 649 was branched quite some time after 3.0-release 650FreeBSD 2.2.8 1998-11-29 [FBD] 651OpenBSD 2.4 1998-12-01 [OBD] 652NetBSD 1.3.3 1998-12-23 [NBD] (patch release) 653FreeBSD 3.1 1999-02-15 [FBD] 654BSD/OS 4.0.1 1999-03-xx [BSDI] 655NetBSD 1.4 1999-05-12 [NBD] 656FreeBSD 3.2 1999-05-17 [FBD] 657OpenBSD 2.5 1999-05-19 [OBD] 658NetBSD 1.4.1 1999-08-26 [NBD] (patch release) 659FreeBSD 3.3 1999-09-17 [FBD] 660OpenBSD 2.6 1999-12-01 [OBD] 661FreeBSD 3.4 1999-12-20 [FBD] 662BSD/OS 4.1 1999-12-xx [BSDI] 663FreeBSD 4.0 2000-03-13 [FBD] 664NetBSD 1.4.2 2000-03-19 [NBD] (patch release) 665OpenBSD 2.7 2000-06-15 [OBD] 666FreeBSD 3.5 2000-06-24 [FBD] 667FreeBSD 4.1 2000-07-27 [FBD] 668FreeBSD 3.5.1 2000-07-28 [FBD] 669FreeBSD 4.1.1 2000-09-25 [FBD] (a network-only patch release) 670FreeBSD 4.2 2000-11-21 [FBD] 671NetBSD 1.4.3 2000-11-25 [NBD] (patch release) 672BSD/OS 4.2 2000-11-29 [BSDI] 673OpenBSD 2.8 2000-12-01 [OBD] 674NetBSD 1.5 2000-12-06 [NBD] 675Mac OS X 10.0 2001-03-24 [APL] 676FreeBSD 4.3 2001-04-20 [FBD] 677OpenBSD 2.9 2001-06-01 [OBD] 678NetBSD 1.5.1 2001-07-11 [NBD] (patch release) 679NetBSD 1.5.2 2001-09-13 [NBD] (patch release) 680FreeBSD 4.4 2001-09-18 [FBD] 681Mac OS X 10.1 2001-09-29 [APL] 682OpenBSD 3.0 2001-12-01 [OBD] 683FreeBSD 4.5 2002-01-29 [FBD] 684BSD/OS 4.3 2002-03-14 [WRS] 685OpenBSD 3.1 2002-05-19 [OBD] 686FreeBSD 4.6 2002-06-15 [FBD] 687NetBSD 1.5.3 2002-07-22 [NBD] (patch release) 688FreeBSD 4.6.2 2002-08-15 [FBD] (patch release) 689Mac OS X 10.2 2002-08-23 [APL] 690NetBSD 1.6 2002-09-14 [NBD] 691FreeBSD 4.7 2002-10-08 [FBD] 692OpenBSD 3.2 2002-11-01 [OBD] 693FreeBSD 5.0 2003-01-17 [FBD] 694 FreeBSD 5.0 is a separate branch off of 695 -current, similar to 3.0. 696FreeBSD 4.8 2003-04-03 [FBD] 697NetBSD 1.6.1 2003-04-21 [NBD] (patch release) 698OpenBSD 3.3 2003-05-01 [OBD] 699BSD/OS 5.0 2003-05-?? [WRS] 700FreeBSD 5.1 2003-06-09 [FBD] 701Mac OS X 10.3 2003-10-24 [APL] 702FreeBSD 4.9 2003-10-28 [FBD] 703BSD/OS 5.1 ISE 2003-10-?? [WRS] (final version) 704OpenBSD 3.4 2003-11-01 [OBD] 705FreeBSD 5.2 2004-01-12 [FBD] 706FreeBSD 5.2.1 2004-02-22 [FBD] (patch release) 707NetBSD 1.6.2 2004-03-01 [NBD] (patch release) 708OpenBSD 3.5 2004-04-01 [OBD] 709FreeBSD 4.10 2004-05-27 [FBD] 710DragonFly 1.0 2004-07-12 [DFB] 711OpenBSD 3.6 2004-10-29 [OBD] 712FreeBSD 5.3 2004-11-06 [FBD] 713NetBSD 2.0 2004-12-09 [NBD] 714FreeBSD 4.11 2005-01-25 [FBD] 715DragonFly 1.2.0 2005-04-08 [DFB] 716NetBSD 2.0.2 2005-04-14 [NBD] (security/critical release) 717Mac OS X 10.4 2005-04-29 [APL] 718FreeBSD 5.4 2005-05-09 [FBD] 719OpenBSD 3.7 2005-05-19 [OBD] 720NetBSD 2.0.3 2005-10-31 [NBD] (security/critical release) 721OpenBSD 3.8 2005-11-01 [OBD] 722FreeBSD 6.0 2005-11-01 [FBD] 723NetBSD 2.1 2005-11-02 [NBD] 724NetBSD 3.0 2005-12-23 [NBD] 725DragonFly 1.4.0 2006-01-08 [DFB] 726FreeBSD 2.2.9 2006-04-01 [FBD] 727OpenBSD 3.9 2006-05-01 [OBD] 728FreeBSD 6.1 2006-05-08 [FBD] 729FreeBSD 5.5 2006-05-25 [FBD] 730NetBSD 3.0.1 2006-07-24 [NBD] (security/critical release) 731DragonFly 1.6.0 2006-07-24 [DFB] 732OpenBSD 4.0 2006-11-01 [OBD] 733NetBSD 3.0.2 2006-11-04 [NBD] (security/critical release) 734NetBSD 3.1 2006-11-04 [NBD] 735FreeBSD 6.2 2007-01-15 [FBD] 736DragonFly 1.8.0 2007-01-30 [DFB] 737OpenBSD 4.1 2007-05-01 [OBD] 738DragonFly 1.10.0 2007-08-06 [DFB] 739Mac OS X 10.5 2007-10-26 [APL] 740OpenBSD 4.2 2007-11-01 [OBD] 741NetBSD 4.0 2007-12-19 [NBD] 742FreeBSD 6.3 2008-01-18 [FBD] 743DragonFly 1.12.0 2008-02-26 [DFB] 744FreeBSD 7.0 2008-02-27 [FBD] 745OpenBSD 4.3 2008-05-01 [OBD] 746DragonFly 2.0.0 2008-07-21 [DFB] 747OpenBSD 4.4 2008-11-01 [OBD] 748FreeBSD 6.4 2008-11-28 [FBD] 749FreeBSD 7.1 2009-01-04 [FBD] 750DragonFly 2.2.0 2009-02-17 [DFB] 751NetBSD 5.0 2009-04-29 [NBD] 752OpenBSD 4.5 2009-05-01 [OBD] 753FreeBSD 7.2 2009-05-04 [FBD] 754Mac OS X 10.6 2009-06-08 [APL] 755NetBSD 5.0.1 2009-08-02 [NBD] (security/critical release) 756DragonFly 2.4.0 2009-09-16 [DFB] 757OpenBSD 4.6 2009-10-18 [OBD] 758FreeBSD 8.0 2009-11-26 [FBD] 759NetBSD 5.0.2 2010-02-12 [NBD] (security/critical release) 760FreeBSD 7.3 2010-03-23 [FBD] 761DragonFly 2.6.0 2010-03-28 [DFB] 762OpenBSD 4.7 2010-05-19 [OBD] 763FreeBSD 8.1 2010-07-24 [FBD] 764DragonFly 2.8.2 2010-10-30 [DFB] 765OpenBSD 4.8 2010-11-01 [OBD] 766NetBSD 5.1 2010-11-19 [NBD] 767FreeBSD 7.4 2011-02-24 [FBD] 768FreeBSD 8.2 2011-02-24 [FBD] 769DragonFly 2.10.1 2011-04-26 [DFB] 770OpenBSD 4.9 2011-05-01 [OBD] 771Mac OS X 10.7 2011-07-20 [APL] 772OpenBSD 5.0 2011-11-01 [OBD] 773FreeBSD 9.0 2012-01-12 [FBD] 774NetBSD 5.1.2 2012-02-02 [NBD] (security/critical release) 775DragonFly 3.0.1 2012-02-21 [DFB] 776FreeBSD 8.3 2012-04-18 [FBD] 777OpenBSD 5.1 2012-05-01 [OBD] 778Mac OS X 10.8 2012-07-25 [APL] 779NetBSD 6.0 2012-10-17 [NBD] 780OpenBSD 5.2 2012-11-01 [OBD] 781DragonFly 3.2.1 2012-11-02 [DFB] 782NetBSD 5.2 2012-12-03 [NBD] 783NetBSD 6.0.1 2012-12-26 [NBD] (security/critical release) 784FreeBSD 9.1 2012-12-30 [FBD] 785DragonFly 3.4.1 2013-04-29 [DFB] 786OpenBSD 5.3 2013-05-01 [OBD] 787NetBSD 6.0.2 2013-05-18 [NBD] (security/critical release) 788NetBSD 6.1 2013-05-18 [NBD] 789FreeBSD 8.4 2013-06-07 [FBD] 790NetBSD 6.1.1 2013-08-22 [NBD] 791NetBSD 5.1.3 2013-09-29 [NBD] 792NetBSD 5.2.1 2013-09-29 [NBD] 793FreeBSD 9.2 2013-09-30 [FBD] 794NetBSD 6.0.3 2013-09-30 [NBD] 795NetBSD 6.1.2 2013-09-30 [NBD] 796Mac OS X 10.9 2013-10-22 [APL] 797OpenBSD 5.4 2013-11-01 [OBD] 798DragonFly 3.6.0 2013-11-25 [DFB] 799FreeBSD 10.0 2014-01-20 [FBD] 800NetBSD 5.1.4 2014-01-25 [NBD] 801NetBSD 5.2.2 2014-01-25 [NBD] 802NetBSD 6.0.4 2014-01-25 [NBD] 803NetBSD 6.1.3 2014-01-25 [NBD] 804DragonFly 3.6.1 2014-02-22 [DFB] 805DragonFly 3.6.2 2014-04-10 [DFB] 806NetBSD 6.0.5 2014-04-12 [NBD] 807NetBSD 6.1.4 2014-04-12 [NBD] 808OpenBSD 5.5 2014-05-01 [OBD] 809DragonFly 3.8.0 2014-06-04 [DFB] 810DragonFly 3.8.1 2014-06-16 [DFB] 811DragonFly 3.6.3 2014-06-17 [DFB] 812FreeBSD 9.3 2014-07-05 [FBD] 813DragonFly 3.8.2 2014-08-08 [DFB] 814NetBSD 6.0.6 2014-09-22 [NBD] 815NetBSD 6.1.5 2014-09-22 [NBD] 816Mac OS X 10.10 2014-10-16 [APL] 817OpenBSD 5.6 2014-11-01 [OBD] 818FreeBSD 10.1 2014-11-14 [FBD] 819DragonFly 4.0.1 2014-11-25 [DFB] 820DragonFly 4.0.2 2015-01-07 [DFB] 821DragonFly 4.0.3 2015-01-21 [DFB] 822DragonFly 4.0.4 2015-03-09 [DFB] 823DragonFly 4.0.5 2015-03-23 [DFB] 824OpenBSD 5.7 2015-05-01 [OBD] 825DragonFly 4.2.0 2015-06-29 [DFB] 826FreeBSD 10.2 2015-08-13 [FBD] 827NetBSD 7.0 2015-09-25 [NBD] 828OS X 10.11 2015-09-30 [APL] 829OpenBSD 5.8 2015-10-18 [OBD] 830DragonFly 4.4.1 2015-12-07 [DFB] 831OpenBSD 5.9 2016-03-29 [OBD] 832FreeBSD 10.3 2016-04-04 [FBD] 833NetBSD 7.0.1 2016-05-22 [NBD] 834DragonFly 4.6.0 2016-08-02 [DFB] 835OpenBSD 6.0 2016-09-01 [OBD] 836macOS 10.12 2016-09-20 [APL] 837FreeBSD 11.0 2016-10-10 [FBD] 838NetBSD 7.0.2 2016-10-21 [NBD] 839NetBSD 7.1 2017-03-11 [NBD] 840DragonFly 4.8.0 2017-03-27 [DFB] 841OpenBSD 6.1 2017-04-11 [OBD] 842FreeBSD 11.1 2017-07-26 [FBD] 843macOS 10.13 2017-09-25 [APL] 844FreeBSD 10.4 2017-10-03 [FBD] 845OpenBSD 6.2 2017-10-09 [OBD] 846DragonFly 5.0.0 2017-10-16 [DFB] 847DragonFly 5.0.1 2017-11-06 [DFB] 848DragonFly 5.0.2 2017-12-04 [DFB] 849NetBSD 7.1.1 2017-12-22 [NBD] 850NetBSD 7.1.2 2018-03-15 [NBD] 851OpenBSD 6.3 2018-04-02 [OBD] 852DragonFly 5.2.0 2018-04-10 [DFB] 853DragonFly 5.2.1 2018-05-20 [DFB] 854DragonFly 5.2.2 2018-06-18 [DFB] 855FreeBSD 11.2 2018-06-27 [FBD] 856NetBSD 8.0 2018-07-17 [NBD] 857NetBSD 7.2 2018-08-29 [NBD] 858macOS 10.14 2018-09-24 [APL] 859OpenBSD 6.4 2018-10-18 [OBD] 860DragonFly 5.4.0 2018-12-03 [DFB] 861FreeBSD 12.0 2018-12-11 [FBD] 862DragonFly 5.4.1 2018-12-24 [DFB] 863OpenBSD 6.5 2019-05-01 [OBD] 864NetBSD 8.1 2019-06-04 [NBD] 865DragonFly 5.6 2019-06-17 [DFB] 866DragonFly 5.6.1 2019-06-19 [DFB] 867FreeBSD 11.3 2019-07-09 [FBD] 868DragonFly 5.6.2 2019-08-11 [DFB] 869OpenBSD 6.6 2019-10-17 [OBD] 870macOS 10.15 2019-10-07 [APL] 871macOS 10.15.1 2019-10-29 [APL] (security/critical release) 872FreeBSD 12.1 2019-11-04 [FBD] 873NetBSD 9.0 2020-02-14 [NBD] 874DragonFly 5.8 2020-03-03 [DFB] 875DragonFly 5.6.3 2020-03-11 [DFB] 876NetBSD 8.2 2020-03-31 [NBD] 877DragonFly 5.8.1 2020-05-06 [DFB] 878OpenBSD 6.7 2020-05-19 [OBD] 879FreeBSD 11.4 2020-06-16 [FBD] 880DragonFly 5.8.2 2020-09-23 [DFB] 881DragonFly 5.8.3 2020-09-24 [DFB] 882OpenBSD 6.8 2020-10-18 [OBD] 883NetBSD 9.1 2020-10-18 [NBD] 884FreeBSD 12.2 2020-10-27 [FBD] 885macOS 11 2020-11-12 [APL] 886FreeBSD 13.0 2021-04-13 [FBD] 887OpenBSD 6.9 2021-05-01 [OBD] 888DragonFly 6.0 2021-05-08 [DFB] 889NetBSD 9.2 2021-05-12 [NBD] 890DragonFly 6.0.1 2021-10-12 [DFB] 891OpenBSD 7.0 2021-10-14 [OBD] 892macOS 12 2021-10-25 [APL] 893FreeBSD 12.3 2021-12-01 [FBD] 894DragonFly 6.2.1 2022-01-09 [DFB] 895OpenBSD 7.1 2022-04-21 [OBD] 896FreeBSD 13.1 2022-05-17 [FBD] 897DragonFly 6.2.2 2022-06-09 [DFB] 898NetBSD 9.3 2022-08-04 [NBD] 899OpenBSD 7.2 2022-10-20 [OBD] 900macOS 13 2022-10-24 [APL] 901FreeBSD 12.4 2022-12-05 [FBD] 902DragonFly 6.4 2022-12-30 [DFB] 903OpenBSD 7.3 2023-04-10 [OBD] 904FreeBSD 13.2 2023-04-11 [FBD] 905macOS 14 2023-09-26 [APL] 906OpenBSD 7.4 2023-10-16 [OBD] 907FreeBSD 14.0 2023-11-20 [FBD] 908FreeBSD 13.3 2024-03-05 [FBD] 909NetBSD 10.0 2024-03-28 [NBD] 910OpenBSD 7.5 2024-04-05 [OBD] 911NetBSD 9.4 2024-04-20 [NBD] 912NetBSD 8.3 2024-05-04 [NBD] 913FreeBSD 14.1 2024-06-04 [FBD] 914macOS 15 2024-09-16 [APL] 915FreeBSD 13.4 2024-09-17 [FBD] 916OpenBSD 7.6 2024-10-08 [OBD] 917FreeBSD 14.2 2024-12-03 [FBD] 918NetBSD 10.1 2024-12-16 [NBD] 919FreeBSD 13.5 2025-03-11 [FBD] 920OpenBSD 7.7 2025-04-28 [OBD] 921 922Bibliography 923------------------------ 924 925Leffler, Samuel J., Marshall Kirk McKusick, Michael J Karels and John 926Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.3BSD UNIX Operating 927System. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley, 1989. ISBN 0-201-06196-1 928 929Salus, Peter H. A quarter century of UNIX. Addison-Wesley Publishing 930Company, Inc., 1994. ISBN 0-201-54777-5 931 932McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels, and John 933Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.4BSD Operating 934System. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley, 1996. ISBN 0-201-54979-4 935 936McKusick, Marshall Kirk, George Neville-Neil. The Design and 937Implementation of the FreeBSD Operating System. 938Addison-Wesley Professional, Published: Aug 2, 2004. ISBN 0-201-70245-2 939 940McKusick, Marshall Kirk, George Neville-Neil, Robert Watson. The 941Design and Implementation of the FreeBSD Operating System, 2nd Edition. 942Pearson Education, Inc., 2014. ISBN 0-321-96897-2 943 944Doug McIlroy. Research Unix Reader. 945 946Michael G. Brown. The Role of BSD in the Development of Unix. 947Presented to the Tasmanian Unix Special Interest Group of the 948Australian Computer Society, Hobart, August 1993. 949 950Peter H. Salus. Unix at 25. Byte Magazine, October 1994. 951URL: https://web.archive.org/web/20081230094857/http://www.byte.com/art/9410/sec8/art3.htm 952 953Andreas Klemm, Lars Köller. If you're going to San Francisco ... 954Die freien BSD-Varianten von Unix. c't April 1997, page 368ff. 955 956FreeBSD Release Information 957URL: https://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/ 958 959Manual pages for FreeBSD and ports 960URL: https://man.FreeBSD.org 961 962FreeBSD Documentation Archive 963URL: https://docs-archive.freebsd.org/doc/ 964 965UNIX history graphing project 966URL: https://minnie.tuhs.org/Unix_History/ 967 968UNIX history 969URL: https://www.levenez.com/unix/ 970 971James Howard: The BSD Family Tree 972URL: https://web.archive.org/web/20090427195917/http://ezine.daemonnews.org/200104/bsd_family.html 973("what are the differences between FreeBSD, NetBSD, and OpenBSD?") 974 975 976Acknowledgments 977--------------- 978 979Josh Gilliam for suggestions, bug fixes, and finding very old 980original BSD announcements from Usenet or tapes. 981 982Steven M. Schultz for providing 2.8BSD, 2.10BSD, 2.11BSD manual pages. 983 984-- 985Copyright (c) 1997-2024 Wolfram Schneider <wosch@FreeBSD.org> 986URL: https://cgit.freebsd.org/src/tree/share/misc/bsd-family-tree 987