1The UNIX system family tree: Research and BSD 2--------------------------------------------- 3 4First Edition (V1) 5 | 6Second Edition (V2) 7 | 8Third Edition (V3) 9 | 10Fourth Edition (V4) 11 | 12Fifth Edition (V5) 13 | 14Sixth Edition (V6) -----* 15 \ | 16 \ | 17 \ | 18Seventh Edition (V7) | 19 \ | 20 \ 1BSD 21 32V | 22 \ 2BSD---------------* 23 \ / | 24 \ / | 25 \/ | 26 3BSD | 27 | | 28 4.0BSD 2.7.9BSD 29 | | 30 4.1BSD --------------> 2.8BSD 31 | | 32 4.1aBSD -----------\ | 33 | \ | 34 4.1bBSD \ | 35 | \ | 36 *------ 4.1cBSD --------------> 2.9BSD 37 / | | 38Eighth Edition | 2.9BSD-Seismo 39 | | | 40 +----<--- 4.2BSD 2.9.1BSD 41 | | | 42 +----<--- 4.3BSD -------------> 2.10BSD 43 | | / | 44Ninth Edition | / 2.10.1BSD 45 | 4.3BSD Tahoe-----+ | 46 | | \ | 47 | | \ | 48 v | 2.11BSD 49Tenth Edition | | 50 | 2.11BSD rev #430 51 4.3BSD NET/1 | 52 | v 53 4.3BSD Reno 54 | 55 *---------- 4.3BSD NET/2 -------------------+-------------* 56 | | | | 57386BSD 0.0 | | | 58 | | | | 59386BSD 0.1 ------------>+ | BSDI 1.0 60 | \ | 4.4BSD Alpha | 61 | 386BSD 1.0 | | | 62 | | 4.4BSD | 63 | | / | | 64 | | 4.4BSD-Encumbered | | 65 | NetBSD 0.8 | | 66 | | | | 67FreeBSD 1.0 NetBSD 0.9 | | 68 | | .----- 4.4BSD Lite --> BSDI 2.0 69FreeBSD 1.1 | / / | | 70 | | / / | BSDI 2.0.1 71FreeBSD 1.1.5 .---|--------' / | | 72 | / | / 4.4BSD Lite2 -> BSDI 2.1 73FreeBSD 1.1.5.1 / | / / | | \ | 74 | / NetBSD 1.0 <-' / | | \ | 75 | / | / | | `-BSDI 3.0 76FreeBSD 2.0 <--' | FreeBSD 3.0 | | | 77 | \ NetBSD 1.3 | v 78FreeBSD 2.0.5 \ OpenBSD 2.3 79 | \ 80 | \ 81FreeBSD 2.1 | 82 | | NetBSD 1.1 ------. 83 | FreeBSD 2.1.5 | \ 84 | | NetBSD 1.2 \ 85 | FreeBSD 2.1.6 | \ OpenBSD 2.0 86 | | | \ | 87 | FreeBSD 2.1.6.1 | \ | 88 | | | \ | 89 | FreeBSD 2.1.7 | | | 90 | | | NetBSD 1.2.1 | 91 | FreeBSD 2.1.7.1 | | 92 | | | 93 | | | 94 *-FreeBSD 2.2 | | 95 | \ | | 96 | FreeBSD 2.2.1 | | 97 | | | | 98 | FreeBSD 2.2.2 | OpenBSD 2.1 99 | | NetBSD 1.3 | 100 | FreeBSD 2.2.5 | \ | 101 | | | NetBSD 1.3.1 OpenBSD 2.2 102 | v | | | 103 | FreeBSD 2.2.6 | | OpenBSD 2.3 104 | | | NetBSD 1.3.2 | 105 | v | | | 106 | FreeBSD 2.2.7 | | | 107 | | | | | 108 | v | | | 109 | FreeBSD 2.2.8 | | | 110 | | | | 111 | | | OpenBSD 2.4 112FreeBSD 3.0 | | | 113 | | NetBSD 1.3.3 | 114 *---FreeBSD 3.1 | | 115 | | | | 116 | FreeBSD 3.2 NetBSD 1.4 OpenBSD 2.5 117 | | | | | 118 | FreeBSD 3.3 | NetBSD 1.4.1 | 119 | | | | OpenBSD 2.6 120 | FreeBSD 3.4 | | | 121 | | | | | 122FreeBSD 4.0 | | NetBSD 1.4.2 | 123 | | | | 124 | | NetBSD -current OpenBSD -current 125 | FreeBSD 3.5 | | 126 | v v 127 *---FreeBSD 4.1 128 | 129FreeBSD 5.0-current 130 | 131 v 132 133 134Time 135---------------- 136 137Time tolerance +/- 6 month, depend on which book/article you read; if 138it was the announcement in Usenet or if it was available as tape. 139 140[44B] McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels, 141 and John Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of 142 the 4.4BSD Operating System. 143[DOC] README, COPYRIGHT on tape. 144[QCU] Salus, Peter H. A quarter century of UNIX. 145[U25] Peter H. Salus. Unix at 25. 146[USE] Usenet announcement. 147[KSJ] Michael J. Karels, Carl F. Smith, and William F. Jolitz. 148 Changes in the Kernel in 2.9BSD. Second Berkeley Software 149 Distribution UNIX Version 2.9, July, 1983. 150[KB] Keith Bostic. BSD2.10 available from Usenix. comp.unix.sources, 151 Volume 11, Info 4, April, 1987. 152[KKK] Mike Karels, Kirk McKusick, and Keith Bostic. tahoe announcement. 153 comp.bugs.4bsd.ucb-fixes, June 15, 1988. 154[SMS] Steven M. Schultz. 2.11BSD, UNIX for the PDP-11. 155[FBD] FreeBSD Project, The. 156[NBD] NetBSD Project, The. 157[OBD] OpenBSD Project, The. 158[dmr] Dennis Ritchie, via E-Mail 159 160 161Multics 1965 162UNIX Summer 1969 163 DEC PDP-7 164First Edition 1971-11-03 [QCU] 165 DEC PDP-11/20, Assembler 166Second Edition 1972-06-12 [QCU] 167 10 UNIX installations 168Third Edition 1973-02-xx [QCU] 169 Pipes, 16 installations 170Fourth Edition 1973-11-xx [QCU] 171 rewriting in C effected, 172 above 30 installations 173Fifth Edition 1974-06-xx [QCU] 174 above 50 installations 175Sixth Edition 1975-05-xx [QCU] 176 port to DEC Vax 177Seventh Edition 1979-01-xx [QCU] 178 first portable UNIX 179Eighth Edition 1985-02-xx [QCU] 180 VAX 11/750, VAX 11/780 [dmr] 181 descended from 4.1c BSD [dmr] 182 descended from 4.1 BSD [44B] 183 scooping-out and replacement of the character-device 184 and networking part by the streams mechanism 185 186Ninth Edition 1986-09-xx [QCU] 187Tenth Edition 1989-10-xx [QCU] 188 1891BSD late 1977 190 1978-03-09 [QCU] 191 PDP-11, Pascal, ex(1) 192 30 free copies of 1BSD sent out 193 35 tapes sold for 50 USD [QCU] 1942BSD mid 1978 [QCU] 195 75 2BSD tapes shipped 1962.7.9BSD ?? [SMS] 1972.8BSD 1981-07-xx [KSJ] 198 1992.8.1BSD 1982-01-xx [QCU] 200 set of performance improvements 2012.9BSD 1983-07-xx [KSJ] 2022.9.1BSD 1983-11-xx 2032.9BSD-Seismo 1985-08-xx [SMS] 2042.10BSD 1987-04-xx [KKK] 2052.10.1BSD 1989-01-xx [SMS] 2062.11BSD 1992-02-xx [SMS] 2072.11BSD rev #430 1999-12-13 [SMS] 208 20932V 1978-1[01]-xx [QCU] 2103BSD late 1979 [QCU] 211 virtual memory, page replacement, 212 demand paging 2134.0BSD 1980-10-xx 2144.1BSD 1981-06-xx 2154.1aBSD 1982-04-xx 216 alpha release, 100 sites, networking [44B] 2174.1bBSD internal release, fast filesystem [44B] 2184.1cBSD late 1982 219 beta release, IPC [44B] 2204.2BSD 1983-09-xx [QCU] 2214.3BSD 1986-06-xx [QCU] 222 1986-04-xx [KB] 2234.3BSD Tahoe 1988-06-xx [QCU] 2244.3BSD NET/1 1988-11-xx [QCU] 2254.3BSD Reno 1990-06-xx [QCU], [DOC] 2264.3BSD NET/2 1991-06-xx [QCU] 227386BSD 0.0 1992-02-xx [DOC] 228386BSD 0.1 1992-07-xx [DOC] 2294.4BSD Alpha 1992-07-07 230NetBSD 0.8 1993-04-20 [NBD] 2314.4BSD 1993-06-01 [USE] 232NetBSD 0.9 1993-08-23 [NBD] 233FreeBSD 1.0 1993-11-xx [FOO] 2344.4BSD Lite 1994-03-01 [USE] 235FreeBSD 1.1 1994-04-xx [FBD] 236FreeBSD 1.1.5.1 1994-07-xx [FBD] 237 supersedes 1.1.5 3 days after release. 238NetBSD 1.0 1994-10-26 [NBD] 239386BSD 1.0 1994-11-12 [USE] 240FreeBSD 2.0 1995-01-xx [FBD] 241FreeBSD 2.0.5 1995-06-xx [FBD] 2424.4BSD Lite Release 2 1995-06-xx [44B] 243 the true final distribution from the CSRG 244NetBSD 1.1 1995-11-26 [NBD] 245FreeBSD 2.1 1995-12-xx [FBD] 246FreeBSD 2.1.5 1996-08-xx [FBD] 247NetBSD 1.2 1996-10-04 [NBD] 248OpenBSD 2.0 1996-10-18 [OBD] 249FreeBSD 2.1.6 1996-12-xx [FBD] 250FreeBSD 2.1.7 1997-02-xx [FBD] 251FreeBSD 2.2.1 1997-04-xx [FBD] 252NetBSD 1.2.1 1997-05-20 [NBD] (patch release) 253OpenBSD 2.1 1997-06-01 [OBD] 254FreeBSD 2.2.2 1997-06-xx [FBD] 255NetBSD 1.3 1998-01-04 [NBD] 256FreeBSD 2.2.5 1997-11-xx [FBD] 257OpenBSD 2.2 1997-12-01 [OBD] 258FreeBSD 2.2.6 1998-03-xx [FBD] 259NetBSD 1.3.1 1998-03-09 [NBD] (patch release) 260OpenBSD 2.3 1998-05-19 [OBD] 261NetBSD 1.3.2 1998-05-29 [NBD] (patch release) 262FreeBSD 2.2.7 1998-07-xx [FBD] 263FreeBSD 3.0 1998-10-16 [FBD] 264 FreeBSD-3.0 is a snapshot from -current, 265 while 3.1 and 3.2 are from 3.x-stable which 266 was branched quite some time after 3.0-release 267FreeBSD 2.2.8 1998-11-29 [FBD] 268OpenBSD 2.4 1998-12-01 [OBD] 269NetBSD 1.3.3 1998-12-23 [NBD] (patch release) 270FreeBSD 3.1 1999-02-15 [FBD] 271NetBSD 1.4 1999-05-12 [NBD] 272FreeBSD 3.2 1999-05-17 [FBD] 273OpenBSD 2.5 1999-05-19 [OBD] 274NetBSD 1.4.1 1999-08-26 [NBD] (patch release) 275FreeBSD 3.3 1999-09-17 [FBD] 276OpenBSD 2.6 1999-12-01 [OBD] 277FreeBSD 3.4 1999-12-20 [FBD] 278FreeBSD 4.0 2000-03-13 [FBD] 279NetBSD 1.4.2 2000-03-19 [NBD] (patch release) 280 281 282Bibliography 283------------------------ 284 285Leffler, Samuel J., Marshall Kirk McKusick, Michael J Karels and John 286Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.3BSD UNIX Operating 287System. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley, 1989. ISBN 0-201-06196-1 288 289Salus, Peter H. A quarter century of UNIX. Addison-Wesley Publishing 290Company, Inc., 1994. ISBN 0-201-54777-5 291 292McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels, and John 293Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.4BSD Operating 294System. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley, 1996. ISBN 0-201-54979-4 295 296Doug McIlroy. Research Unix Reader. 297 298Michael G. Brown. The Role of BSD in the Development of Unix. 299Presented to the Tasmanian Unix Special Interest Group of the 300Australian Computer Society, Hobart, August 1993. 301 302Peter H. Salus. Unix at 25. Byte Magazine, October 1994. 303URL: http://www.byte.com/art/9410/sec8/art3.htm 304 305Andreas Klemm, Lars K�ller. If you're going to San Francisco ... 306Die freien BSD-Varianten von Unix. c't April 1997, page 368ff. 307 308BSD Release Announcements collection. 309URL: http://www.de.FreeBSD.org/de/ftp/releases/ 310 311BSD Hypertext Man Pages 312http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi 313 314UNIX history graphing project 315http://minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au/Unix_History/index.html 316 317Acknowledgments 318--------------- 319 320Josh Gilliam for suggestions, bug fixes, and finding very old 321original BSD announcements from Usenet or tapes. 322 323Steven M. Schultz for providing 2.8BSD, 2.10BSD, 2.11BSD manual pages. 324 325-- 326Copyright (c) 1997-1999 Wolfram Schneider <wosch@FreeBSD.ORG> 327URL: ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/FreeBSD-current/src/share/misc/bsd-family-tree 328 329$FreeBSD$ 330 331