xref: /freebsd/share/man/man9/runqueue.9 (revision 6ae1554a5d9b318f8ad53ccc39fa5a961403da73)
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24.\" $FreeBSD$
25.\"
26.Dd August 15, 2010
27.Dt RUNQUEUE 9
28.Os
29.Sh NAME
30.Nm choosethread ,
31.Nm procrunnable ,
32.Nm remrunqueue ,
33.Nm setrunqueue
34.Nd manage the queue of runnable processes
35.Sh SYNOPSIS
36.In sys/param.h
37.In sys/proc.h
38.Vt "extern struct rq itqueues[]" ;
39.Vt "extern struct rq rtqueues[]" ;
40.Vt "extern struct rq queues[]" ;
41.Vt "extern struct rq idqueues[]" ;
42.Ft struct thread *
43.Fn choosethread "void"
44.Ft int
45.Fn procrunnable "void"
46.Ft void
47.Fn remrunqueue "struct thread *td"
48.Ft void
49.Fn setrunqueue "struct thread *td"
50.Sh DESCRIPTION
51The run queue consists of four priority queues:
52.Va itqueues
53for interrupt threads,
54.Va rtqueues
55for realtime priority processes,
56.Va queues
57for time sharing processes, and
58.Va idqueues
59for idle priority processes.
60Each priority queue consists of an array of
61.Dv NQS
62queue header structures.
63Each queue header identifies a list of runnable processes of equal priority.
64Each queue also has a single word that contains a bit mask identifying
65non-empty queues to assist in selecting a process quickly.
66These are named
67.Va itqueuebits ,
68.Va rtqueuebits ,
69.Va queuebits ,
70and
71.Va idqueuebits .
72The run queues are protected by the
73.Va sched_lock
74mutex.
75.Pp
76.Fn procrunnable
77returns zero if there are no runnable processes other than the idle process.
78If there is at least one runnable process other than the idle process, it
79will return a non-zero value.
80Note that the
81.Va sched_lock
82mutex does
83.Em not
84need to be held when this function is called.
85There is a small race window where one CPU may place a process on the run queue
86when there are currently no other runnable processes while another CPU is
87calling this function.
88In that case the second CPU will simply travel through the idle loop one
89additional time before noticing that there is a runnable process.
90This works because idle CPUs are not halted in SMP systems.
91If idle CPUs are halted in SMP systems, then this race condition might have
92more serious repercussions in the losing case, and
93.Fn procrunnable
94may have to require that the
95.Va sched_lock
96mutex be acquired.
97.Pp
98.Fn choosethread
99returns the highest priority runnable thread.
100If there are no runnable threads, then the idle thread is returned.
101This function is called by
102.Fn cpu_switch
103and
104.Fn cpu_throw
105to determine which thread to switch to.
106.Fn choosethread
107must be called with the
108.Va sched_lock
109mutex held.
110.Pp
111.Fn setrunqueue
112adds the thread
113.Fa td
114to the tail of the appropriate queue in the proper priority queue.
115The thread must be runnable, i.e.\&
116.Va p_stat
117must be set to
118.Dv SRUN .
119This function must be called with the
120.Va sched_lock
121mutex held.
122.Pp
123.Fn remrunqueue
124removes thread
125.Fa td
126from its run queue.
127If
128.Fa td
129is not on a run queue, then the kernel will
130.Xr panic 9 .
131This function must be called with the
132.Va sched_lock
133mutex held.
134.Sh SEE ALSO
135.Xr cpu_switch 9 ,
136.Xr scheduler 9 ,
137.Xr sleepqueue 9
138