xref: /freebsd/contrib/tzdata/northamerica (revision 63d1fd5970ec814904aa0f4580b10a0d302d08b2)
1# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
2# 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson.
3
4# also includes Central America and the Caribbean
5
6# This file is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
7# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
8# tz@iana.org for general use in the future).  For more, please see
9# the file CONTRIBUTING in the tz distribution.
10
11# From Paul Eggert (1999-03-22):
12# A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is
13# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997).
14
15###############################################################################
16
17# United States
18
19# From Paul Eggert (1999-03-31):
20# Howse writes (pp 121-125) that time zones were invented by
21# Professor Charles Ferdinand Dowd (1825-1904),
22# Principal of Temple Grove Ladies' Seminary (Saratoga Springs, NY).
23# His pamphlet "A System of National Time for Railroads" (1870)
24# was the result of his proposals at the Convention of Railroad Trunk Lines
25# in New York City (1869-10).  His 1870 proposal was based on Washington, DC,
26# but in 1872-05 he moved the proposed origin to Greenwich.
27
28# From Paul Eggert (2016-09-21):
29# Dowd's proposal left many details unresolved, such as where to draw
30# lines between time zones.  The key individual who made time zones
31# work in the US was William Frederick Allen - railway engineer,
32# managing editor of the Travelers' Guide, and secretary of the
33# General Time Convention, a railway standardization group.  Allen
34# spent months in dialogs with scientific and railway leaders,
35# developed a workable plan to institute time zones, and presented it
36# to the General Time Convention on 1883-04-11, saying that his plan
37# meant "local time would be practically abolished" - a plus for
38# railway scheduling.  By the next convention on 1883-10-11 nearly all
39# railroads had agreed and it took effect on 1883-11-18 at 12:00.
40# That Sunday was called the "day of two noons", as the eastern parts
41# of the new zones observed noon twice.  Allen witnessed the
42# transition in New York City, writing:
43#
44#   I heard the bells of St. Paul's strike on the old time.  Four
45#   minutes later, obedient to the electrical signal from the Naval
46#   Observatory ... the time-ball made its rapid descent, the chimes
47#   of old Trinity rang twelve measured strokes, and local time was
48#   abandoned, probably forever.
49#
50# Most of the US soon followed suit.  See:
51# Bartky IR. The adoption of standard time. Technol Cult 1989 Jan;30(1):25-56.
52# http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3105430
53
54# From Paul Eggert (2005-04-16):
55# That 1883 transition occurred at 12:00 new time, not at 12:00 old time.
56# See p 46 of David Prerau, Seize the daylight, Thunder's Mouth Press (2005).
57
58# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
59# A good source for time zone historical data in the US is
60# Thomas G. Shanks, The American Atlas (5th edition),
61# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1991).
62# Make sure you have the errata sheet; the book is somewhat useless without it.
63# It is the source for most of the pre-1991 US entries below.
64
65# From Paul Eggert (2001-03-06):
66# Daylight Saving Time was first suggested as a joke by Benjamin Franklin
67# in his whimsical essay "An Economical Project for Diminishing the Cost
68# of Light" published in the Journal de Paris (1784-04-26).
69# Not everyone is happy with the results:
70#
71#	I don't really care how time is reckoned so long as there is some
72#	agreement about it, but I object to being told that I am saving
73#	daylight when my reason tells me that I am doing nothing of the kind.
74#	I even object to the implication that I am wasting something
75#	valuable if I stay in bed after the sun has risen.  As an admirer
76#	of moonlight I resent the bossy insistence of those who want to
77#	reduce my time for enjoying it.  At the back of the Daylight Saving
78#	scheme I detect the bony, blue-fingered hand of Puritanism, eager
79#	to push people into bed earlier, and get them up earlier, to make
80#	them healthy, wealthy and wise in spite of themselves.
81#
82#	 -- Robertson Davies, The diary of Samuel Marchbanks,
83#	   Clarke, Irwin (1947), XIX, Sunday
84#
85# For more about the first ten years of DST in the United States, see
86# Robert Garland, Ten years of daylight saving from the Pittsburgh standpoint
87# (Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh, 1927).
88# http://www.clpgh.org/exhibit/dst.html
89#
90# Shanks says that DST was called "War Time" in the US in 1918 and 1919.
91# However, DST was imposed by the Standard Time Act of 1918, which
92# was the first nationwide legal time standard, and apparently
93# time was just called "Standard Time" or "Daylight Saving Time".
94
95# From Arthur David Olson:
96# US Daylight Saving Time ended on the last Sunday of *October* in 1974.
97# See, for example, the front page of the Saturday, 1974-10-26
98# and Sunday, 1974-10-27 editions of the Washington Post.
99
100# From Arthur David Olson:
101# Before the Uniform Time Act of 1966 took effect in 1967, observance of
102# Daylight Saving Time in the US was by local option, except during wartime.
103
104# From Arthur David Olson (2000-09-25):
105# Last night I heard part of a rebroadcast of a 1945 Arch Oboler radio drama.
106# In the introduction, Oboler spoke of "Eastern Peace Time."
107# An AltaVista search turned up:
108# http://rowayton.org/rhs/hstaug45.html
109# "When the time is announced over the radio now, it is 'Eastern Peace
110# Time' instead of the old familiar 'Eastern War Time.'  Peace is wonderful."
111# (August 1945) by way of confirmation.
112
113# From Joseph Gallant citing
114# George H. Douglas, _The Early Days of Radio Broadcasting_ (1987):
115# At 7 P.M. (Eastern War Time) [on 1945-08-14], the networks were set
116# to switch to London for Attlee's address, but the American people
117# never got to hear his speech live. According to one press account,
118# CBS' Bob Trout was first to announce the word of Japan's surrender,
119# but a few seconds later, NBC, ABC and Mutual also flashed the word
120# of surrender, all of whom interrupting the bells of Big Ben in
121# London which were to precede Mr. Attlee's speech.
122
123# From Paul Eggert (2003-02-09): It was Robert St John, not Bob Trout.  From
124# Myrna Oliver's obituary of St John on page B16 of today's Los Angeles Times:
125#
126# ... a war-weary U.S. clung to radios, awaiting word of Japan's surrender.
127# Any announcement from Asia would reach St. John's New York newsroom on a
128# wire service teletype machine, which had prescribed signals for major news.
129# Associated Press, for example, would ring five bells before spewing out
130# typed copy of an important story, and 10 bells for news "of transcendental
131# importance."
132#
133# On Aug. 14, stalling while talking steadily into the NBC networks' open
134# microphone, St. John heard five bells and waited only to hear a sixth bell,
135# before announcing confidently: "Ladies and gentlemen, World War II is over.
136# The Japanese have agreed to our surrender terms."
137#
138# He had scored a 20-second scoop on other broadcasters.
139
140# From Arthur David Olson (2005-08-22):
141# Paul has been careful to use the "US" rules only in those locations
142# that are part of the United States; this reflects the real scope of
143# U.S. government action.  So even though the "US" rules have changed
144# in the latest release, other countries won't be affected.
145
146# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
147Rule	US	1918	1919	-	Mar	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
148Rule	US	1918	1919	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
149Rule	US	1942	only	-	Feb	9	2:00	1:00	W # War
150Rule	US	1945	only	-	Aug	14	23:00u	1:00	P # Peace
151Rule	US	1945	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
152Rule	US	1967	2006	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
153Rule	US	1967	1973	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
154Rule	US	1974	only	-	Jan	6	2:00	1:00	D
155Rule	US	1975	only	-	Feb	23	2:00	1:00	D
156Rule	US	1976	1986	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
157Rule	US	1987	2006	-	Apr	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	D
158Rule	US	2007	max	-	Mar	Sun>=8	2:00	1:00	D
159Rule	US	2007	max	-	Nov	Sun>=1	2:00	0	S
160
161# From Arthur David Olson, 2005-12-19
162# We generate the files specified below to guard against old files with
163# obsolete information being left in the time zone binary directory.
164# We limit the list to names that have appeared in previous versions of
165# this time zone package.
166# We do these as separate Zones rather than as Links to avoid problems if
167# a particular place changes whether it observes DST.
168# We put these specifications here in the northamerica file both to
169# increase the chances that they'll actually get compiled and to
170# avoid the need to duplicate the US rules in another file.
171
172# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
173Zone	EST		 -5:00	-	EST
174Zone	MST		 -7:00	-	MST
175Zone	HST		-10:00	-	HST
176Zone	EST5EDT		 -5:00	US	E%sT
177Zone	CST6CDT		 -6:00	US	C%sT
178Zone	MST7MDT		 -7:00	US	M%sT
179Zone	PST8PDT		 -8:00	US	P%sT
180
181# From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
182# ...Alaska (and Hawaii) had the timezone names changed in 1967.
183#    old			 new
184#    Pacific Standard Time(PST)  -same-
185#    Yukon Standard Time(YST)    -same-
186#    Central Alaska S.T. (CAT)   Alaska-Hawaii St[an]dard Time (AHST)
187#    Nome Standard Time (NT)     Bering Standard Time (BST)
188#
189# ...Alaska's timezone lines were redrawn in 1983 to give only 2 tz.
190#    The YST zone now covers nearly all of the state, AHST just part
191#    of the Aleutian islands.   No DST.
192
193# From Paul Eggert (1995-12-19):
194# The tables below use 'NST', not 'NT', for Nome Standard Time.
195# I invented 'CAWT' for Central Alaska War Time.
196
197# From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19):
198# USA  EASTERN       5 H  BEHIND UTC    NEW YORK, WASHINGTON
199# USA  EASTERN       4 H  BEHIND UTC    APR 3 - OCT 30
200# USA  CENTRAL       6 H  BEHIND UTC    CHICAGO, HOUSTON
201# USA  CENTRAL       5 H  BEHIND UTC    APR 3 - OCT 30
202# USA  MOUNTAIN      7 H  BEHIND UTC    DENVER
203# USA  MOUNTAIN      6 H  BEHIND UTC    APR 3 - OCT 30
204# USA  PACIFIC       8 H  BEHIND UTC    L.A., SAN FRANCISCO
205# USA  PACIFIC       7 H  BEHIND UTC    APR 3 - OCT 30
206# USA  ALASKA STD    9 H  BEHIND UTC    MOST OF ALASKA     (AKST)
207# USA  ALASKA STD    8 H  BEHIND UTC    APR 3 - OCT 30 (AKDT)
208# USA  ALEUTIAN     10 H  BEHIND UTC    ISLANDS WEST OF 170W
209# USA    "           9 H  BEHIND UTC    APR 3 - OCT 30
210# USA  HAWAII       10 H  BEHIND UTC
211# USA  BERING       11 H  BEHIND UTC    SAMOA, MIDWAY
212
213# From Arthur David Olson (1989-01-21):
214# The above dates are for 1988.
215# Note the "AKST" and "AKDT" abbreviations, the claim that there's
216# no DST in Samoa, and the claim that there is DST in Alaska and the
217# Aleutians.
218
219# From Arthur David Olson (1988-02-13):
220# Legal standard time zone names, from United States Code (1982 Edition and
221# Supplement III), Title 15, Chapter 6, Section 260 and forward.  First, names
222# up to 1967-04-01 (when most provisions of the Uniform Time Act of 1966
223# took effect), as explained in sections 263 and 261:
224#	(none)
225#	United States standard eastern time
226#	United States standard mountain time
227#	United States standard central time
228#	United States standard Pacific time
229#	(none)
230#	United States standard Alaska time
231#	(none)
232# Next, names from 1967-04-01 until 1983-11-30 (the date for
233# public law 98-181):
234#	Atlantic standard time
235#	eastern standard time
236#	central standard time
237#	mountain standard time
238#	Pacific standard time
239#	Yukon standard time
240#	Alaska-Hawaii standard time
241#	Bering standard time
242# And after 1983-11-30:
243#	Atlantic standard time
244#	eastern standard time
245#	central standard time
246#	mountain standard time
247#	Pacific standard time
248#	Alaska standard time
249#	Hawaii-Aleutian standard time
250#	Samoa standard time
251# The law doesn't give abbreviations.
252#
253# From Paul Eggert (2000-01-08), following a heads-up from Rives McDow:
254# Public law 106-564 (2000-12-23) introduced ... "Chamorro Standard Time"
255# for time in Guam and the Northern Marianas.  See the file "australasia".
256#
257# From Paul Eggert (2015-04-17):
258# HST and HDT are standardized abbreviations for Hawaii-Aleutian
259# standard and daylight times.  See section 9.47 (p 234) of the
260# U.S. Government Printing Office Style Manual (2008)
261# http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/GPO-STYLEMANUAL-2008/pdf/GPO-STYLEMANUAL-2008.pdf
262
263# From Arthur David Olson, 2005-08-09
264# The following was signed into law on 2005-08-08.
265#
266# H.R. 6, Energy Policy Act of 2005, SEC. 110. DAYLIGHT SAVINGS.
267#   (a) Amendment.--Section 3(a) of the Uniform Time Act of 1966 (15
268#   U.S.C. 260a(a)) is amended--
269#     (1) by striking "first Sunday of April" and inserting "second
270#     Sunday of March"; and
271#     (2) by striking "last Sunday of October" and inserting "first
272#     Sunday of November'.
273#   (b) Effective Date.--Subsection (a) shall take effect 1 year after the
274#   date of enactment of this Act or March 1, 2007, whichever is later.
275#   (c) Report to Congress.--Not later than 9 months after the effective
276#   date stated in subsection (b), the Secretary shall report to Congress
277#   on the impact of this section on energy consumption in the United
278#   States.
279#   (d) Right to Revert.--Congress retains the right to revert the
280#   Daylight Saving Time back to the 2005 time schedules once the
281#   Department study is complete.
282
283# US eastern time, represented by New York
284
285# Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, most of Florida,
286# Georgia, southeast Indiana (Dearborn and Ohio counties), eastern Kentucky
287# (except America/Kentucky/Louisville below), Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts,
288# New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio,
289# Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, eastern Tennessee,
290# Vermont, Virginia, West Virginia
291
292# From Dave Cantor (2004-11-02):
293# Early this summer I had the occasion to visit the Mount Washington
294# Observatory weather station atop (of course!) Mount Washington [, NH]....
295# One of the staff members said that the station was on Eastern Standard Time
296# and didn't change their clocks for Daylight Saving ... so that their
297# reports will always have times which are 5 hours behind UTC.
298
299# From Paul Eggert (2005-08-26):
300# According to today's Huntsville Times
301# http://www.al.com/news/huntsvilletimes/index.ssf?/base/news/1125047783228320.xml&coll=1
302# a few towns on Alabama's "eastern border with Georgia, such as Phenix City
303# in Russell County, Lanett in Chambers County and some towns in Lee County,
304# set their watches and clocks on Eastern time."  It quotes H.H. "Bubba"
305# Roberts, city administrator in Phenix City. as saying "We are in the Central
306# time zone, but we do go by the Eastern time zone because so many people work
307# in Columbus."
308
309# From Paul Eggert (2014-09-06):
310# Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 44, 4 (1884-02-08), 208
311# says that New York City Hall time was 3 minutes 58.4 seconds fast of
312# Eastern time (i.e., -4:56:01.6) just before the 1883 switch.  Round to the
313# nearest second.
314
315# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
316Rule	NYC	1920	only	-	Mar	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
317Rule	NYC	1920	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
318Rule	NYC	1921	1966	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
319Rule	NYC	1921	1954	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
320Rule	NYC	1955	1966	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
321# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
322Zone America/New_York	-4:56:02 -	LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:03:58
323			-5:00	US	E%sT	1920
324			-5:00	NYC	E%sT	1942
325			-5:00	US	E%sT	1946
326			-5:00	NYC	E%sT	1967
327			-5:00	US	E%sT
328
329# US central time, represented by Chicago
330
331# Alabama, Arkansas, Florida panhandle (Bay, Calhoun, Escambia,
332# Gulf, Holmes, Jackson, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, Walton, and
333# Washington counties), Illinois, western Indiana
334# (Gibson, Jasper, Lake, LaPorte, Newton, Porter, Posey, Spencer,
335# Vanderburgh, and Warrick counties), Iowa, most of Kansas, western
336# Kentucky, Louisiana, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, eastern
337# Nebraska, eastern North Dakota, Oklahoma, eastern South Dakota,
338# western Tennessee, most of Texas, Wisconsin
339
340# From Larry M. Smith (2006-04-26) re Wisconsin:
341# http://www.legis.state.wi.us/statutes/Stat0175.pdf ...
342# is currently enforced at the 01:00 time of change.  Because the local
343# "bar time" in the state corresponds to 02:00, a number of citations
344# are issued for the "sale of class 'B' alcohol after prohibited
345# hours" within the deviated hour of this change every year....
346#
347# From Douglas R. Bomberg (2007-03-12):
348# Wisconsin has enacted (nearly eleventh-hour) legislation to get WI
349# Statue 175 closer in synch with the US Congress' intent....
350# http://www.legis.state.wi.us/2007/data/acts/07Act3.pdf
351
352# From an email administrator of the City of Fort Pierre, SD (2015-12-21):
353# Fort Pierre is technically located in the Mountain time zone as is
354# the rest of Stanley County.  Most of Stanley County and Fort Pierre
355# uses the Central time zone due to doing most of their business in
356# Pierre so it simplifies schedules.  I have lived in Stanley County
357# all my life and it has been that way since I can remember.  (43 years!)
358#
359# From Paul Eggert (2015-12-25):
360# Assume this practice predates 1970, so Fort Pierre can use America/Chicago.
361
362# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
363Rule	Chicago	1920	only	-	Jun	13	2:00	1:00	D
364Rule	Chicago	1920	1921	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
365Rule	Chicago	1921	only	-	Mar	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
366Rule	Chicago	1922	1966	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
367Rule	Chicago	1922	1954	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
368Rule	Chicago	1955	1966	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
369# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
370Zone America/Chicago	-5:50:36 -	LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:09:24
371			-6:00	US	C%sT	1920
372			-6:00	Chicago	C%sT	1936 Mar  1  2:00
373			-5:00	-	EST	1936 Nov 15  2:00
374			-6:00	Chicago	C%sT	1942
375			-6:00	US	C%sT	1946
376			-6:00	Chicago	C%sT	1967
377			-6:00	US	C%sT
378# Oliver County, ND switched from mountain to central time on 1992-10-25.
379Zone America/North_Dakota/Center -6:45:12 - LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:14:48
380			-7:00	US	M%sT	1992 Oct 25  2:00
381			-6:00	US	C%sT
382# Morton County, ND, switched from mountain to central time on
383# 2003-10-26, except for the area around Mandan which was already central time.
384# See <http://dmses.dot.gov/docimages/p63/135818.pdf>.
385# Officially this switch also included part of Sioux County, and
386# Jones, Mellette, and Todd Counties in South Dakota;
387# but in practice these other counties were already observing central time.
388# See <http://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/EPA-IMPACT/2003/October/Day-28/i27056.htm>.
389Zone America/North_Dakota/New_Salem -6:45:39 - LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:14:21
390			-7:00	US	M%sT	2003 Oct 26  2:00
391			-6:00	US	C%sT
392
393# From Josh Findley (2011-01-21):
394# ...it appears that Mercer County, North Dakota, changed from the
395# mountain time zone to the central time zone at the last transition from
396# daylight-saving to standard time (on Nov. 7, 2010):
397# http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2010-09-29/html/2010-24376.htm
398# http://www.bismarcktribune.com/news/local/article_1eb1b588-c758-11df-b472-001cc4c03286.html
399
400# From Andy Lipscomb (2011-01-24):
401# ...according to the Census Bureau, the largest city is Beulah (although
402# it's commonly referred to as Beulah-Hazen, with Hazen being the next
403# largest city in Mercer County).  Google Maps places Beulah's city hall
404# at 47 degrees 15' 51" N, 101 degrees 46' 40" W, which yields an offset
405# of 6h47'07".
406
407Zone America/North_Dakota/Beulah -6:47:07 - LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:12:53
408			-7:00	US	M%sT	2010 Nov  7  2:00
409			-6:00	US	C%sT
410
411# US mountain time, represented by Denver
412#
413# Colorado, far western Kansas, Montana, western
414# Nebraska, Nevada border (Jackpot, Owyhee, and Mountain City),
415# New Mexico, southwestern North Dakota,
416# western South Dakota, far western Texas (El Paso County, Hudspeth County,
417# and Pine Springs and Nickel Creek in Culberson County), Utah, Wyoming
418#
419# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
420Rule	Denver	1920	1921	-	Mar	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
421Rule	Denver	1920	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
422Rule	Denver	1921	only	-	May	22	2:00	0	S
423Rule	Denver	1965	1966	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
424Rule	Denver	1965	1966	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
425# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
426Zone America/Denver	-6:59:56 -	LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:00:04
427			-7:00	US	M%sT	1920
428			-7:00	Denver	M%sT	1942
429			-7:00	US	M%sT	1946
430			-7:00	Denver	M%sT	1967
431			-7:00	US	M%sT
432
433# US Pacific time, represented by Los Angeles
434#
435# California, northern Idaho (Benewah, Bonner, Boundary, Clearwater,
436# Kootenai, Latah, Lewis, Nez Perce, and Shoshone counties, Idaho county
437# north of the Salmon River, and the towns of Burgdorf and Warren),
438# Nevada (except West Wendover), Oregon (except the northern 3/4 of
439# Malheur county), and Washington
440
441# From Paul Eggert (2016-08-20):
442# In early February 1948, in response to California's electricity shortage,
443# PG&E changed power frequency from 60 to 59.5 Hz during daylight hours,
444# causing electric clocks to lose six minutes per day.  (This did not change
445# legal time, and is not part of the data here.)  See:
446# Ross SA. An energy crisis from the past: Northern California in 1948.
447# Working Paper No. 8, Institute of Governmental Studies, UC Berkeley,
448# 1973-11.  http://escholarship.org/uc/item/8x22k30c
449#
450# In another measure to save electricity, DST was instituted from 1948-03-14
451# at 02:01 to 1949-01-16 at 02:00, with the governor having the option to move
452# the fallback transition earlier.  See pages 3-4 of:
453# http://clerk.assembly.ca.gov/sites/clerk.assembly.ca.gov/files/archive/Statutes/1948/48Vol1_Chapters.pdf
454#
455# In response:
456#
457#   Governor Warren received a torrent of objecting mail, and it is not too much
458#   to speculate that the objections to Daylight Saving Time were one important
459#   factor in the defeat of the Dewey-Warren Presidential ticket in California.
460#     -- Ross, p 25
461#
462# On December 8 the governor exercised the option, setting the date to January 1
463# (LA Times 1948-12-09).  The transition time was 02:00 (LA Times 1949-01-01).
464#
465# Despite the controversy, in 1949 California voters approved Proposition 12,
466# which established DST from April's last Sunday at 01:00 until September's
467# last Sunday at 02:00. This was amended by 1962's Proposition 6, which changed
468# the fall-back date to October's last Sunday. See:
469# http://repository.uchastings.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1501&context=ca_ballot_props
470# http://repository.uchastings.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1636&context=ca_ballot_props
471#
472# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
473Rule	CA	1948	only	-	Mar	14	2:01	1:00	D
474Rule	CA	1949	only	-	Jan	 1	2:00	0	S
475Rule	CA	1950	1966	-	Apr	lastSun	1:00	1:00	D
476Rule	CA	1950	1961	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
477Rule	CA	1962	1966	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
478# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
479Zone America/Los_Angeles -7:52:58 -	LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:07:02
480			-8:00	US	P%sT	1946
481			-8:00	CA	P%sT	1967
482			-8:00	US	P%sT
483
484# Alaska
485# AK%sT is the modern abbreviation for -9:00 per USNO.
486#
487# From Paul Eggert (2001-05-30):
488# Howse writes that Alaska switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar,
489# and from east-of-GMT to west-of-GMT days, when the US bought it from Russia.
490# This was on 1867-10-18, a Friday; the previous day was 1867-10-06 Julian,
491# also a Friday.  Include only the time zone part of this transition,
492# ignoring the switch from Julian to Gregorian, since we can't represent
493# the Julian calendar.
494#
495# As far as we know, none of the exact locations mentioned below were
496# permanently inhabited in 1867 by anyone using either calendar.
497# (Yakutat was colonized by the Russians in 1799, but the settlement
498# was destroyed in 1805 by a Yakutat-kon war party.)  However, there
499# were nearby inhabitants in some cases and for our purposes perhaps
500# it's best to simply use the official transition.
501
502# From Paul Eggert (2014-07-18):
503# One opinion of the early-1980s turmoil in Alaska over time zones and
504# daylight saving time appeared as graffiti on a Juneau airport wall:
505# "Welcome to Juneau.  Please turn your watch back to the 19th century."
506# See: Turner W. Alaska's four time zones now two. NY Times 1983-11-01.
507# http://www.nytimes.com/1983/11/01/us/alaska-s-four-time-zones-now-two.html
508#
509# Steve Ferguson (2011-01-31) referred to the following source:
510# Norris F. Keeping time in Alaska: national directives, local response.
511# Alaska History 2001;16(1-2).
512# http://alaskahistoricalsociety.org/discover-alaska/glimpses-of-the-past/keeping-time-in-alaska/
513
514# From Arthur David Olson (2011-02-01):
515# Here's database-relevant material from the 2001 "Alaska History" article:
516#
517# On September 20 [1979]...DOT...officials decreed that on April 27,
518# 1980, Juneau and other nearby communities would move to Yukon Time.
519# Sitka, Petersburg, Wrangell, and Ketchikan, however, would remain on
520# Pacific Time.
521#
522# ...on September 22, 1980, DOT Secretary Neil E. Goldschmidt rescinded the
523# Department's September 1979 decision. Juneau and other communities in
524# northern Southeast reverted to Pacific Time on October 26.
525#
526# On October 28 [1983]...the Metlakatla Indian Community Council voted
527# unanimously to keep the reservation on Pacific Time.
528#
529# According to DOT official Joanne Petrie, Indian reservations are not
530# bound to follow time zones imposed by neighboring jurisdictions.
531#
532# (The last is consistent with how the database now handles the Navajo
533# Nation.)
534
535# From Arthur David Olson (2011-02-09):
536# I just spoke by phone with a staff member at the Metlakatla Indian
537# Community office (using contact information available at
538# http://www.commerce.state.ak.us/dca/commdb/CIS.cfm?Comm_Boro_name=Metlakatla
539# It's shortly after 1:00 here on the east coast of the United States;
540# the staffer said it was shortly after 10:00 there. When I asked whether
541# that meant they were on Pacific time, they said no - they were on their
542# own time. I asked about daylight saving; they said it wasn't used. I
543# did not inquire about practices in the past.
544
545# From Arthur David Olson (2011-08-17):
546# For lack of better information, assume that Metlakatla's
547# abandonment of use of daylight saving resulted from the 1983 vote.
548
549# From Steffen Thorsen (2015-11-09):
550# It seems Metlakatla did go off PST on Sunday, November 1, changing
551# their time to AKST and are going to follow Alaska's DST, switching
552# between AKST and AKDT from now on....
553# http://www.krbd.org/2015/10/30/annette-island-times-they-are-a-changing/
554
555# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
556Zone America/Juneau	 15:02:19 -	LMT	1867 Oct 18
557			 -8:57:41 -	LMT	1900 Aug 20 12:00
558			 -8:00	-	PST	1942
559			 -8:00	US	P%sT	1946
560			 -8:00	-	PST	1969
561			 -8:00	US	P%sT	1980 Apr 27  2:00
562			 -9:00	US	Y%sT	1980 Oct 26  2:00
563			 -8:00	US	P%sT	1983 Oct 30  2:00
564			 -9:00	US	Y%sT	1983 Nov 30
565			 -9:00	US	AK%sT
566Zone America/Sitka	 14:58:47 -	LMT	1867 Oct 18
567			 -9:01:13 -	LMT	1900 Aug 20 12:00
568			 -8:00	-	PST	1942
569			 -8:00	US	P%sT	1946
570			 -8:00	-	PST	1969
571			 -8:00	US	P%sT	1983 Oct 30  2:00
572			 -9:00	US	Y%sT	1983 Nov 30
573			 -9:00	US	AK%sT
574Zone America/Metlakatla	 15:13:42 -	LMT	1867 Oct 18
575			 -8:46:18 -	LMT	1900 Aug 20 12:00
576			 -8:00	-	PST	1942
577			 -8:00	US	P%sT	1946
578			 -8:00	-	PST	1969
579			 -8:00	US	P%sT	1983 Oct 30  2:00
580			 -8:00	-	PST	2015 Nov  1  2:00
581			 -9:00	US	AK%sT
582Zone America/Yakutat	 14:41:05 -	LMT	1867 Oct 18
583			 -9:18:55 -	LMT	1900 Aug 20 12:00
584			 -9:00	-	YST	1942
585			 -9:00	US	Y%sT	1946
586			 -9:00	-	YST	1969
587			 -9:00	US	Y%sT	1983 Nov 30
588			 -9:00	US	AK%sT
589Zone America/Anchorage	 14:00:24 -	LMT	1867 Oct 18
590			 -9:59:36 -	LMT	1900 Aug 20 12:00
591			-10:00	-	CAT	1942
592			-10:00	US	CAT/CAWT 1945 Aug 14 23:00u
593			-10:00	US	CAT/CAPT 1946 # Peace
594			-10:00	-	CAT	1967 Apr
595			-10:00	-	AHST	1969
596			-10:00	US	AH%sT	1983 Oct 30  2:00
597			 -9:00	US	Y%sT	1983 Nov 30
598			 -9:00	US	AK%sT
599Zone America/Nome	 12:58:21 -	LMT	1867 Oct 18
600			-11:01:38 -	LMT	1900 Aug 20 12:00
601			-11:00	-	NST	1942
602			-11:00	US	N%sT	1946
603			-11:00	-	NST	1967 Apr
604			-11:00	-	BST	1969
605			-11:00	US	B%sT	1983 Oct 30  2:00
606			 -9:00	US	Y%sT	1983 Nov 30
607			 -9:00	US	AK%sT
608Zone America/Adak	 12:13:21 -	LMT	1867 Oct 18
609			-11:46:38 -	LMT	1900 Aug 20 12:00
610			-11:00	-	NST	1942
611			-11:00	US	N%sT	1946
612			-11:00	-	NST	1967 Apr
613			-11:00	-	BST	1969
614			-11:00	US	B%sT	1983 Oct 30  2:00
615			-10:00	US	AH%sT	1983 Nov 30
616			-10:00	US	H%sT
617# The following switches don't quite make our 1970 cutoff.
618#
619# Shanks writes that part of southwest Alaska (e.g. Aniak)
620# switched from -11:00 to -10:00 on 1968-09-22 at 02:00,
621# and another part (e.g. Akiak) made the same switch five weeks later.
622#
623# From David Flater (2004-11-09):
624# In e-mail, 2004-11-02, Ray Hudson, historian/liaison to the Unalaska
625# Historic Preservation Commission, provided this information, which
626# suggests that Unalaska deviated from statutory time from early 1967
627# possibly until 1983:
628#
629#  Minutes of the Unalaska City Council Meeting, January 10, 1967:
630#  "Except for St. Paul and Akutan, Unalaska is the only important
631#  location not on Alaska Standard Time.  The following resolution was
632#  made by William Robinson and seconded by Henry Swanson: Be it
633#  resolved that the City of Unalaska hereby goes to Alaska Standard
634#  Time as of midnight Friday, January 13, 1967 (1 A.M. Saturday,
635#  January 14, Alaska Standard Time.)  This resolution was passed with
636#  three votes for and one against."
637
638# Hawaii
639
640# From Arthur David Olson (2010-12-09):
641# "Hawaiian Time" by Robert C. Schmitt and Doak C. Cox appears on pages 207-225
642# of volume 26 of The Hawaiian Journal of History (1992). As of 2010-12-09,
643# the article is available at
644# http://evols.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/bitstream/10524/239/2/JL26215.pdf
645# and indicates that standard time was adopted effective noon, January
646# 13, 1896 (page 218), that in "1933, the Legislature decreed daylight
647# saving for the period between the last Sunday of each April and the
648# last Sunday of each September, but less than a month later repealed the
649# act," (page 220), that year-round daylight saving time was in effect
650# from 1942-02-09 to 1945-09-30 (page 221, with no time of day given for
651# when clocks changed) and that clocks were changed by 30 minutes
652# effective the second Sunday of June, 1947 (page 219, with no time of
653# day given for when clocks changed). A footnote for the 1933 changes
654# cites Session Laws of Hawaii 1933, "Act. 90 (approved 26 Apr. 1933)
655# and Act 163 (approved 21 May 1933)."
656
657# From Arthur David Olson (2011-01-19):
658# The following is from "Laws of the Territory of Hawaii Passed by the
659# Seventeenth Legislature: Regular Session 1933," available (as of
660# 2011-01-19) at American University's Pence Law Library. Page 85: "Act
661# 90...At 2 o'clock ante meridian of the last Sunday in April of each
662# year, the standard time of this Territory shall be advanced one
663# hour...This Act shall take effect upon its approval. Approved this 26th
664# day of April, A. D. 1933. LAWRENCE M JUDD, Governor of the Territory of
665# Hawaii." Page 172: "Act 163...Act 90 of the Session Laws of 1933 is
666# hereby repealed...This Act shall take effect upon its approval, upon
667# which date the standard time of this Territory shall be restored to
668# that existing immediately prior to the taking effect of said Act 90.
669# Approved this 21st day of May, A. D. 1933. LAWRENCE M. JUDD, Governor
670# of the Territory of Hawaii."
671#
672# Note that 1933-05-21 was a Sunday.
673# We're left to guess the time of day when Act 163 was approved; guess noon.
674
675# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
676Zone Pacific/Honolulu	-10:31:26 -	LMT	1896 Jan 13 12:00
677			-10:30	-	HST	1933 Apr 30  2:00
678			-10:30	1:00	HDT	1933 May 21 12:00
679			-10:30	-	HST	1942 Feb  9  2:00
680			-10:30	1:00	HDT	1945 Sep 30  2:00
681			-10:30	-	HST	1947 Jun  8  2:00
682			-10:00	-	HST
683Link Pacific/Honolulu Pacific/Johnston
684
685# Now we turn to US areas that have diverged from the consensus since 1970.
686
687# Arizona mostly uses MST.
688
689# From Paul Eggert (2002-10-20):
690#
691# The information in the rest of this paragraph is derived from the
692# Daylight Saving Time web page
693# <http://www.dlapr.lib.az.us/links/daylight.htm> (2002-01-23)
694# maintained by the Arizona State Library, Archives and Public Records.
695# Between 1944-01-01 and 1944-04-01 the State of Arizona used standard
696# time, but by federal law railroads, airlines, bus lines, military
697# personnel, and some engaged in interstate commerce continued to
698# observe war (i.e., daylight saving) time.  The 1944-03-17 Phoenix
699# Gazette says that was the date the law changed, and that 04-01 was
700# the date the state's clocks would change.  In 1945 the State of
701# Arizona used standard time all year, again with exceptions only as
702# mandated by federal law.  Arizona observed DST in 1967, but Arizona
703# Laws 1968, ch. 183 (effective 1968-03-21) repealed DST.
704#
705# Shanks says the 1944 experiment came to an end on 1944-03-17.
706# Go with the Arizona State Library instead.
707
708# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
709Zone America/Phoenix	-7:28:18 -	LMT	1883 Nov 18 11:31:42
710			-7:00	US	M%sT	1944 Jan  1  0:01
711			-7:00	-	MST	1944 Apr  1  0:01
712			-7:00	US	M%sT	1944 Oct  1  0:01
713			-7:00	-	MST	1967
714			-7:00	US	M%sT	1968 Mar 21
715			-7:00	-	MST
716# From Arthur David Olson (1988-02-13):
717# A writer from the Inter Tribal Council of Arizona, Inc.,
718# notes in private correspondence dated 1987-12-28 that "Presently, only the
719# Navajo Nation participates in the Daylight Saving Time policy, due to its
720# large size and location in three states."  (The "only" means that other
721# tribal nations don't use DST.)
722#
723# From Paul Eggert (2013-08-26):
724# See America/Denver for a zone appropriate for the Navajo Nation.
725
726# Southern Idaho (Ada, Adams, Bannock, Bear Lake, Bingham, Blaine,
727# Boise, Bonneville, Butte, Camas, Canyon, Caribou, Cassia, Clark,
728# Custer, Elmore, Franklin, Fremont, Gem, Gooding, Jefferson, Jerome,
729# Lemhi, Lincoln, Madison, Minidoka, Oneida, Owyhee, Payette, Power,
730# Teton, Twin Falls, Valley, Washington counties, and the southern
731# quarter of Idaho county) and eastern Oregon (most of Malheur County)
732# switched four weeks late in 1974.
733#
734# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
735Zone America/Boise	-7:44:49 -	LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:15:11
736			-8:00	US	P%sT	1923 May 13  2:00
737			-7:00	US	M%sT	1974
738			-7:00	-	MST	1974 Feb  3  2:00
739			-7:00	US	M%sT
740
741# Indiana
742#
743# For a map of Indiana's time zone regions, see:
744# http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_in_Indiana
745#
746# From Paul Eggert (2007-08-17):
747# Since 1970, most of Indiana has been like America/Indiana/Indianapolis,
748# with the following exceptions:
749#
750# - Gibson, Jasper, Lake, LaPorte, Newton, Porter, Posey, Spencer,
751#   Vanderburgh, and Warrick counties have been like America/Chicago.
752#
753# - Dearborn and Ohio counties have been like America/New_York.
754#
755# - Clark, Floyd, and Harrison counties have been like
756#   America/Kentucky/Louisville.
757#
758# - Crawford, Daviess, Dubois, Knox, Martin, Perry, Pike, Pulaski, Starke,
759#   and Switzerland counties have their own time zone histories as noted below.
760#
761# Shanks partitioned Indiana into 345 regions, each with its own time history,
762# and wrote "Even newspaper reports present contradictory information."
763# Those Hoosiers!  Such a flighty and changeable people!
764# Fortunately, most of the complexity occurred before our cutoff date of 1970.
765#
766# Other than Indianapolis, the Indiana place names are so nondescript
767# that they would be ambiguous if we left them at the 'America' level.
768# So we reluctantly put them all in a subdirectory 'America/Indiana'.
769
770# From Paul Eggert (2014-06-26):
771# https://www.federalregister.gov/articles/2006/01/20/06-563/standard-time-zone-boundary-in-the-state-of-indiana
772# says "DOT is relocating the time zone boundary in Indiana to move Starke,
773# Pulaski, Knox, Daviess, Martin, Pike, Dubois, and Perry Counties from the
774# Eastern Time Zone to the Central Time Zone.... The effective date of
775# this rule is 2 a.m. EST Sunday, April 2, 2006, which is the
776# changeover date from standard time to Daylight Saving Time."
777# Strictly speaking, this meant the affected counties changed their
778# clocks twice that night, but this obviously was in error.  The intent
779# was that 01:59:59 EST be followed by 02:00:00 CDT.
780
781# From Gwillim Law (2007-02-10):
782# The Associated Press has been reporting that Pulaski County, Indiana is
783# going to switch from Central to Eastern Time on March 11, 2007....
784# http://www.indystar.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20070207/LOCAL190108/702070524/0/LOCAL
785
786# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
787Rule Indianapolis 1941	only	-	Jun	22	2:00	1:00	D
788Rule Indianapolis 1941	1954	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
789Rule Indianapolis 1946	1954	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
790# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
791Zone America/Indiana/Indianapolis -5:44:38 - LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:15:22
792			-6:00	US	C%sT	1920
793			-6:00 Indianapolis C%sT	1942
794			-6:00	US	C%sT	1946
795			-6:00 Indianapolis C%sT	1955 Apr 24  2:00
796			-5:00	-	EST	1957 Sep 29  2:00
797			-6:00	-	CST	1958 Apr 27  2:00
798			-5:00	-	EST	1969
799			-5:00	US	E%sT	1971
800			-5:00	-	EST	2006
801			-5:00	US	E%sT
802#
803# Eastern Crawford County, Indiana, left its clocks alone in 1974,
804# as well as from 1976 through 2005.
805# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
806Rule	Marengo	1951	only	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
807Rule	Marengo	1951	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
808Rule	Marengo	1954	1960	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
809Rule	Marengo	1954	1960	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
810# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
811Zone America/Indiana/Marengo -5:45:23 -	LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:14:37
812			-6:00	US	C%sT	1951
813			-6:00	Marengo	C%sT	1961 Apr 30  2:00
814			-5:00	-	EST	1969
815			-5:00	US	E%sT	1974 Jan  6  2:00
816			-6:00	1:00	CDT	1974 Oct 27  2:00
817			-5:00	US	E%sT	1976
818			-5:00	-	EST	2006
819			-5:00	US	E%sT
820#
821# Daviess, Dubois, Knox, and Martin Counties, Indiana,
822# switched from eastern to central time in April 2006, then switched back
823# in November 2007.
824# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
825Rule Vincennes	1946	only	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
826Rule Vincennes	1946	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
827Rule Vincennes	1953	1954	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
828Rule Vincennes	1953	1959	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
829Rule Vincennes	1955	only	-	May	 1	0:00	1:00	D
830Rule Vincennes	1956	1963	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
831Rule Vincennes	1960	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
832Rule Vincennes	1961	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
833Rule Vincennes	1962	1963	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
834# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
835Zone America/Indiana/Vincennes -5:50:07 - LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:09:53
836			-6:00	US	C%sT	1946
837			-6:00 Vincennes	C%sT	1964 Apr 26  2:00
838			-5:00	-	EST	1969
839			-5:00	US	E%sT	1971
840			-5:00	-	EST	2006 Apr  2  2:00
841			-6:00	US	C%sT	2007 Nov  4  2:00
842			-5:00	US	E%sT
843#
844# Perry County, Indiana, switched from eastern to central time in April 2006.
845# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
846Rule Perry	1946	only	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
847Rule Perry	1946	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
848Rule Perry	1953	1954	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
849Rule Perry	1953	1959	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
850Rule Perry	1955	only	-	May	 1	0:00	1:00	D
851Rule Perry	1956	1963	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
852Rule Perry	1960	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
853Rule Perry	1961	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
854Rule Perry	1962	1963	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
855# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
856Zone America/Indiana/Tell_City -5:47:03 - LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:12:57
857			-6:00	US	C%sT	1946
858			-6:00 Perry	C%sT	1964 Apr 26  2:00
859			-5:00	-	EST	1969
860			-5:00	US	E%sT	1971
861			-5:00	-	EST	2006 Apr  2  2:00
862			-6:00	US	C%sT
863#
864# Pike County, Indiana moved from central to eastern time in 1977,
865# then switched back in 2006, then switched back again in 2007.
866# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
867Rule	Pike	1955	only	-	May	 1	0:00	1:00	D
868Rule	Pike	1955	1960	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
869Rule	Pike	1956	1964	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
870Rule	Pike	1961	1964	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
871# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
872Zone America/Indiana/Petersburg -5:49:07 - LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:10:53
873			-6:00	US	C%sT	1955
874			-6:00	Pike	C%sT	1965 Apr 25  2:00
875			-5:00	-	EST	1966 Oct 30  2:00
876			-6:00	US	C%sT	1977 Oct 30  2:00
877			-5:00	-	EST	2006 Apr  2  2:00
878			-6:00	US	C%sT	2007 Nov  4  2:00
879			-5:00	US	E%sT
880#
881# Starke County, Indiana moved from central to eastern time in 1991,
882# then switched back in 2006.
883# From Arthur David Olson (1991-10-28):
884# An article on page A3 of the Sunday, 1991-10-27 Washington Post
885# notes that Starke County switched from Central time to Eastern time as of
886# 1991-10-27.
887# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
888Rule	Starke	1947	1961	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
889Rule	Starke	1947	1954	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
890Rule	Starke	1955	1956	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
891Rule	Starke	1957	1958	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
892Rule	Starke	1959	1961	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
893# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
894Zone America/Indiana/Knox -5:46:30 -	LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:13:30
895			-6:00	US	C%sT	1947
896			-6:00	Starke	C%sT	1962 Apr 29  2:00
897			-5:00	-	EST	1963 Oct 27  2:00
898			-6:00	US	C%sT	1991 Oct 27  2:00
899			-5:00	-	EST	2006 Apr  2  2:00
900			-6:00	US	C%sT
901#
902# Pulaski County, Indiana, switched from eastern to central time in
903# April 2006 and then switched back in March 2007.
904# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
905Rule	Pulaski	1946	1960	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
906Rule	Pulaski	1946	1954	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
907Rule	Pulaski	1955	1956	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
908Rule	Pulaski	1957	1960	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
909# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
910Zone America/Indiana/Winamac -5:46:25 - LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:13:35
911			-6:00	US	C%sT	1946
912			-6:00	Pulaski	C%sT	1961 Apr 30  2:00
913			-5:00	-	EST	1969
914			-5:00	US	E%sT	1971
915			-5:00	-	EST	2006 Apr  2  2:00
916			-6:00	US	C%sT	2007 Mar 11  2:00
917			-5:00	US	E%sT
918#
919# Switzerland County, Indiana, did not observe DST from 1973 through 2005.
920# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
921Zone America/Indiana/Vevay -5:40:16 -	LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:19:44
922			-6:00	US	C%sT	1954 Apr 25  2:00
923			-5:00	-	EST	1969
924			-5:00	US	E%sT	1973
925			-5:00	-	EST	2006
926			-5:00	US	E%sT
927
928# Part of Kentucky left its clocks alone in 1974.
929# This also includes Clark, Floyd, and Harrison counties in Indiana.
930# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
931Rule Louisville	1921	only	-	May	1	2:00	1:00	D
932Rule Louisville	1921	only	-	Sep	1	2:00	0	S
933Rule Louisville	1941	1961	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
934Rule Louisville	1941	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
935Rule Louisville	1946	only	-	Jun	2	2:00	0	S
936Rule Louisville	1950	1955	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
937Rule Louisville	1956	1960	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
938# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
939Zone America/Kentucky/Louisville -5:43:02 -	LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:16:58
940			-6:00	US	C%sT	1921
941			-6:00 Louisville C%sT	1942
942			-6:00	US	C%sT	1946
943			-6:00 Louisville C%sT	1961 Jul 23  2:00
944			-5:00	-	EST	1968
945			-5:00	US	E%sT	1974 Jan  6  2:00
946			-6:00	1:00	CDT	1974 Oct 27  2:00
947			-5:00	US	E%sT
948#
949# Wayne County, Kentucky
950#
951# From Lake Cumberland LIFE
952# http://www.lake-cumberland.com/life/archive/news990129time.shtml
953# (1999-01-29) via WKYM-101.7:
954# Clinton County has joined Wayne County in asking the DoT to change from
955# the Central to the Eastern time zone....  The Wayne County government made
956# the same request in December.  And while Russell County officials have not
957# taken action, the majority of respondents to a poll conducted there in
958# August indicated they would like to change to "fast time" also.
959# The three Lake Cumberland counties are the farthest east of any U.S.
960# location in the Central time zone.
961#
962# From Rich Wales (2000-08-29):
963# After prolonged debate, and despite continuing deep differences of opinion,
964# Wayne County (central Kentucky) is switching from Central (-0600) to Eastern
965# (-0500) time.  They won't "fall back" this year.  See Sara Shipley,
966# The difference an hour makes, Nando Times (2000-08-29 15:33 -0400).
967#
968# From Paul Eggert (2001-07-16):
969# The final rule was published in the
970# Federal Register 65, 160 (2000-08-17), pp 50154-50158.
971# http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=2000_register&docid=fr17au00-22
972#
973Zone America/Kentucky/Monticello -5:39:24 - LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:20:36
974			-6:00	US	C%sT	1946
975			-6:00	-	CST	1968
976			-6:00	US	C%sT	2000 Oct 29  2:00
977			-5:00	US	E%sT
978
979
980# From Rives McDow (2000-08-30):
981# Here ... are all the changes in the US since 1985.
982# Kearny County, KS (put all of county on central;
983#	previously split between MST and CST) ... 1990-10
984# Starke County, IN (from CST to EST) ... 1991-10
985# Oliver County, ND (from MST to CST) ... 1992-10
986# West Wendover, NV (from PST TO MST) ... 1999-10
987# Wayne County, KY (from CST to EST) ... 2000-10
988#
989# From Paul Eggert (2001-07-17):
990# We don't know where the line used to be within Kearny County, KS,
991# so omit that change for now.
992# See America/Indiana/Knox for the Starke County, IN change.
993# See America/North_Dakota/Center for the Oliver County, ND change.
994# West Wendover, NV officially switched from Pacific to mountain time on
995# 1999-10-31.  See the
996# Federal Register 64, 203 (1999-10-21), pp 56705-56707.
997# http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=1999_register&docid=fr21oc99-15
998# However, the Federal Register says that West Wendover already operated
999# on mountain time, and the rule merely made this official;
1000# hence a separate tz entry is not needed.
1001
1002# Michigan
1003#
1004# From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
1005# Michigan didn't observe DST from 1968 to 1973.
1006#
1007# From Paul Eggert (1999-03-31):
1008# Shanks writes that Michigan started using standard time on 1885-09-18,
1009# but Howse writes (pp 124-125, referring to Popular Astronomy, 1901-01)
1010# that Detroit kept
1011#
1012#	local time until 1900 when the City Council decreed that clocks should
1013#	be put back twenty-eight minutes to Central Standard Time.  Half the
1014#	city obeyed, half refused.  After considerable debate, the decision
1015#	was rescinded and the city reverted to Sun time.  A derisive offer to
1016#	erect a sundial in front of the city hall was referred to the
1017#	Committee on Sewers.  Then, in 1905, Central time was adopted
1018#	by city vote.
1019#
1020# This story is too entertaining to be false, so go with Howse over Shanks.
1021#
1022# From Paul Eggert (2001-03-06):
1023# Garland (1927) writes "Cleveland and Detroit advanced their clocks
1024# one hour in 1914."  This change is not in Shanks.  We have no more
1025# info, so omit this for now.
1026#
1027# Most of Michigan observed DST from 1973 on, but was a bit late in 1975.
1028# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
1029Rule	Detroit	1948	only	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1030Rule	Detroit	1948	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1031Rule	Detroit	1967	only	-	Jun	14	2:00	1:00	D
1032Rule	Detroit	1967	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1033# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1034Zone America/Detroit	-5:32:11 -	LMT	1905
1035			-6:00	-	CST	1915 May 15  2:00
1036			-5:00	-	EST	1942
1037			-5:00	US	E%sT	1946
1038			-5:00	Detroit	E%sT	1973
1039			-5:00	US	E%sT	1975
1040			-5:00	-	EST	1975 Apr 27  2:00
1041			-5:00	US	E%sT
1042#
1043# Dickinson, Gogebic, Iron, and Menominee Counties, Michigan,
1044# switched from EST to CST/CDT in 1973.
1045# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
1046Rule Menominee	1946	only	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1047Rule Menominee	1946	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1048Rule Menominee	1966	only	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1049Rule Menominee	1966	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1050# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1051Zone America/Menominee	-5:50:27 -	LMT	1885 Sep 18 12:00
1052			-6:00	US	C%sT	1946
1053			-6:00 Menominee	C%sT	1969 Apr 27  2:00
1054			-5:00	-	EST	1973 Apr 29  2:00
1055			-6:00	US	C%sT
1056
1057# Navassa
1058# administered by the US Fish and Wildlife Service
1059# claimed by US under the provisions of the 1856 Guano Islands Act
1060# also claimed by Haiti
1061# occupied 1857/1900 by the Navassa Phosphate Co
1062# US lighthouse 1917/1996-09
1063# currently uninhabited
1064# see Mark Fineman, "An Isle Rich in Guano and Discord",
1065# _Los Angeles Times_ (1998-11-10), A1, A10; it cites
1066# Jimmy Skaggs, _The Great Guano Rush_ (1994).
1067
1068################################################################################
1069
1070
1071# From Paul Eggert (2014-10-31):
1072#
1073# Unless otherwise specified, the source for data through 1990 is:
1074# Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition),
1075# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003).
1076# Unfortunately this book contains many errors and cites no sources.
1077#
1078# Gwillim Law writes that a good source
1079# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
1080# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
1081# published semiannually.  Law sent in several helpful summaries
1082# of the IATA's data after 1990.  Except where otherwise noted,
1083# IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990.
1084#
1085# Other sources occasionally used include:
1086#
1087#	Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences,
1088#	Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated),
1089#	which I found in the UCLA library.
1090#
1091#	William Willett, The Waste of Daylight, 19th edition
1092#	<http://cs.ucla.edu/~eggert/The-Waste-of-Daylight-19th.pdf>
1093#	[PDF] (1914-03)
1094#
1095#	Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94
1096#	<http://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359>.
1097#
1098# See the 'europe' file for Greenland.
1099
1100# Canada
1101
1102# From Alain LaBonté (1994-11-14):
1103# I post here the time zone abbreviations standardized in Canada
1104# for both English and French in the CAN/CSA-Z234.4-89 standard....
1105#
1106#	UTC	Standard time	Daylight saving time
1107#	offset	French	English	French	English
1108#	-2:30	-	-	HAT	NDT
1109#	-3	-	-	HAA	ADT
1110#	-3:30	HNT	NST	-	-
1111#	-4	HNA	AST	HAE	EDT
1112#	-5	HNE	EST	HAC	CDT
1113#	-6	HNC	CST	HAR	MDT
1114#	-7	HNR	MST	HAP	PDT
1115#	-8	HNP	PST	HAY	YDT
1116#	-9	HNY	YST	-	-
1117#
1118#	HN: Heure Normale	ST: Standard Time
1119#	HA: Heure Avancée	DT: Daylight saving Time
1120#
1121#	A: de l'Atlantique	Atlantic
1122#	C: du Centre		Central
1123#	E: de l'Est		Eastern
1124#	M:			Mountain
1125#	N:			Newfoundland
1126#	P: du Pacifique		Pacific
1127#	R: des Rocheuses
1128#	T: de Terre-Neuve
1129#	Y: du Yukon		Yukon
1130#
1131# From Paul Eggert (1994-11-22):
1132# Alas, this sort of thing must be handled by localization software.
1133
1134# Unless otherwise specified, the data entries for Canada are all from Shanks
1135# & Pottenger.
1136
1137# From Chris Walton (2006-04-01, 2006-04-25, 2006-06-26, 2007-01-31,
1138# 2007-03-01):
1139# The British Columbia government announced yesterday that it will
1140# adjust daylight savings next year to align with changes in the
1141# U.S. and the rest of Canada....
1142# http://www2.news.gov.bc.ca/news_releases_2005-2009/2006AG0014-000330.htm
1143# ...
1144# Nova Scotia
1145# Daylight saving time will be extended by four weeks starting in 2007....
1146# http://www.gov.ns.ca/just/regulations/rg2/2006/ma1206.pdf
1147#
1148# [For New Brunswick] the new legislation dictates that the time change is to
1149# be done at 02:00 instead of 00:01.
1150# http://www.gnb.ca/0062/acts/BBA-2006/Chap-19.pdf
1151# ...
1152# Manitoba has traditionally changed the clock every fall at 03:00.
1153# As of 2006, the transition is to take place one hour earlier at 02:00.
1154# http://web2.gov.mb.ca/laws/statutes/ccsm/o030e.php
1155# ...
1156# [Alberta, Ontario, Quebec] will follow US rules.
1157# http://www.qp.gov.ab.ca/documents/spring/CH03_06.CFM
1158# http://www.e-laws.gov.on.ca/DBLaws/Source/Regs/English/2006/R06111_e.htm
1159# http://www2.publicationsduquebec.gouv.qc.ca/dynamicSearch/telecharge.php?type=5&file=2006C39A.PDF
1160# ...
1161# P.E.I. will follow US rules....
1162# http://www.assembly.pe.ca/bills/pdf_chapter/62/3/chapter-41.pdf
1163# ...
1164# Province of Newfoundland and Labrador....
1165# http://www.hoa.gov.nl.ca/hoa/bills/Bill0634.htm
1166# ...
1167# Yukon
1168# http://www.gov.yk.ca/legislation/regs/oic2006_127.pdf
1169# ...
1170# N.W.T. will follow US rules.  Whoever maintains the government web site
1171# does not seem to believe in bookmarks.  To see the news release, click the
1172# following link and search for "Daylight Savings Time Change".  Press the
1173# "Daylight Savings Time Change" link; it will fire off a popup using
1174# JavaScript.
1175# http://www.exec.gov.nt.ca/currentnews/currentPR.asp?mode=archive
1176# ...
1177# Nunavut
1178# An amendment to the Interpretation Act was registered on February 19/2007....
1179# http://action.attavik.ca/home/justice-gn/attach/2007/gaz02part2.pdf
1180
1181# From Paul Eggert (2014-10-18):
1182# H. David Matthews and Mary Vincent's map
1183# "It's about TIME", _Canadian Geographic_ (September-October 1998)
1184# http://www.canadiangeographic.ca/Magazine/SO98/alacarte.asp
1185# contains detailed boundaries for regions observing nonstandard
1186# time and daylight saving time arrangements in Canada circa 1998.
1187#
1188# National Research Council Canada maintains info about time zones and DST.
1189# http://www.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/eng/services/time/time_zones.html
1190# http://www.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/eng/services/time/faq/index.html#Q5
1191# Its unofficial information is often taken from Matthews and Vincent.
1192
1193# From Paul Eggert (2006-06-27):
1194# For now, assume all of DST-observing Canada will fall into line with the
1195# new US DST rules,
1196
1197# From Chris Walton (2011-12-01)
1198# In the first of Tammy Hardwick's articles
1199# http://www.ilovecreston.com/?p=articles&t=spec&ar=260
1200# she quotes the Friday November 1/1918 edition of the Creston Review.
1201# The quote includes these two statements:
1202# 'Sunday the CPR went back to the old system of time...'
1203# '... The daylight saving scheme was dropped all over Canada at the same time,'
1204# These statements refer to a transition from daylight time to standard time
1205# that occurred nationally on Sunday October 27/1918.  This transition was
1206# also documented in the Saturday October 26/1918 edition of the Toronto Star.
1207
1208# In light of that evidence, we alter the date from the earlier believed
1209# Oct 31, to Oct 27, 1918 (and Sunday is a more likely transition day
1210# than Thursday) in all Canadian rulesets.
1211
1212# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
1213Rule	Canada	1918	only	-	Apr	14	2:00	1:00	D
1214Rule	Canada	1918	only	-	Oct	27	2:00	0	S
1215Rule	Canada	1942	only	-	Feb	 9	2:00	1:00	W # War
1216Rule	Canada	1945	only	-	Aug	14	23:00u	1:00	P # Peace
1217Rule	Canada	1945	only	-	Sep	30	2:00	0	S
1218Rule	Canada	1974	1986	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1219Rule	Canada	1974	2006	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1220Rule	Canada	1987	2006	-	Apr	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	D
1221Rule	Canada	2007	max	-	Mar	Sun>=8	2:00	1:00	D
1222Rule	Canada	2007	max	-	Nov	Sun>=1	2:00	0	S
1223
1224
1225# Newfoundland and Labrador
1226
1227# From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
1228# Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Labrador should use NST/NDT,
1229# but the only part of Labrador that follows the rules is the
1230# southeast corner, including Port Hope Simpson and Mary's Harbour,
1231# but excluding, say, Black Tickle.
1232
1233# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
1234Rule	StJohns	1917	only	-	Apr	 8	2:00	1:00	D
1235Rule	StJohns	1917	only	-	Sep	17	2:00	0	S
1236# Whitman gives 1919 Apr 5 and 1920 Apr 5; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1237Rule	StJohns	1919	only	-	May	 5	23:00	1:00	D
1238Rule	StJohns	1919	only	-	Aug	12	23:00	0	S
1239# For 1931-1935 Whitman gives Apr same date; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1240Rule	StJohns	1920	1935	-	May	Sun>=1	23:00	1:00	D
1241Rule	StJohns	1920	1935	-	Oct	lastSun	23:00	0	S
1242# For 1936-1941 Whitman gives May Sun>=8 and Oct Sun>=1; go with Shanks &
1243# Pottenger.
1244Rule	StJohns	1936	1941	-	May	Mon>=9	0:00	1:00	D
1245Rule	StJohns	1936	1941	-	Oct	Mon>=2	0:00	0	S
1246# Whitman gives the following transitions:
1247# 1942 03-01/12-31, 1943 05-30/09-05, 1944 07-10/09-02, 1945 01-01/10-07
1248# but go with Shanks & Pottenger and assume they used Canadian rules.
1249# For 1946-9 Whitman gives May 5,4,9,1 - Oct 1,5,3,2, and for 1950 he gives
1250# Apr 30 - Sep 24; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1251Rule	StJohns	1946	1950	-	May	Sun>=8	2:00	1:00	D
1252Rule	StJohns	1946	1950	-	Oct	Sun>=2	2:00	0	S
1253Rule	StJohns	1951	1986	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1254Rule	StJohns	1951	1959	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1255Rule	StJohns	1960	1986	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1256# From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
1257# INMS (2000-09-12) says that, since 1988 at least, Newfoundland switches
1258# at 00:01 local time.  For now, assume it started in 1987.
1259
1260# From Michael Pelley (2011-09-12):
1261# We received today, Monday, September 12, 2011, notification that the
1262# changes to the Newfoundland Standard Time Act have been proclaimed.
1263# The change in the Act stipulates that the change from Daylight Savings
1264# Time to Standard Time and from Standard Time to Daylight Savings Time
1265# now occurs at 2:00AM.
1266# ...
1267# http://www.assembly.nl.ca/legislation/sr/annualstatutes/2011/1106.chp.htm
1268# ...
1269# MICHAEL PELLEY  |  Manager of Enterprise Architecture - Solution Delivery
1270# Office of the Chief Information Officer
1271# Executive Council
1272# Government of Newfoundland & Labrador
1273
1274Rule	StJohns	1987	only	-	Apr	Sun>=1	0:01	1:00	D
1275Rule	StJohns	1987	2006	-	Oct	lastSun	0:01	0	S
1276Rule	StJohns	1988	only	-	Apr	Sun>=1	0:01	2:00	DD
1277Rule	StJohns	1989	2006	-	Apr	Sun>=1	0:01	1:00	D
1278Rule	StJohns	2007	2011	-	Mar	Sun>=8	0:01	1:00	D
1279Rule	StJohns	2007	2010	-	Nov	Sun>=1	0:01	0	S
1280#
1281# St John's has an apostrophe, but Posix file names can't have apostrophes.
1282# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1283Zone America/St_Johns	-3:30:52 -	LMT	1884
1284			-3:30:52 StJohns N%sT	1918
1285			-3:30:52 Canada	N%sT	1919
1286			-3:30:52 StJohns N%sT	1935 Mar 30
1287			-3:30	StJohns	N%sT	1942 May 11
1288			-3:30	Canada	N%sT	1946
1289			-3:30	StJohns	N%sT	2011 Nov
1290			-3:30	Canada	N%sT
1291
1292# most of east Labrador
1293
1294# The name 'Happy Valley-Goose Bay' is too long; use 'Goose Bay'.
1295# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1296Zone America/Goose_Bay	-4:01:40 -	LMT	1884 # Happy Valley-Goose Bay
1297			-3:30:52 -	NST	1918
1298			-3:30:52 Canada N%sT	1919
1299			-3:30:52 -	NST	1935 Mar 30
1300			-3:30	-	NST	1936
1301			-3:30	StJohns	N%sT	1942 May 11
1302			-3:30	Canada	N%sT	1946
1303			-3:30	StJohns	N%sT	1966 Mar 15  2:00
1304			-4:00	StJohns	A%sT	2011 Nov
1305			-4:00	Canada	A%sT
1306
1307
1308# west Labrador, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward I
1309
1310# From Brian Inglis (2015-07-20):
1311# From the historical weather station records available at:
1312# https://weatherspark.com/history/28351/1971/Sydney-Nova-Scotia-Canada
1313# Sydney shares the same time history as Glace Bay, so was
1314# likely to be the same across the island....
1315# Sydney, as the capital and most populous location, or Cape Breton, would
1316# have been better names for the zone had we known this in 1996.
1317
1318# From Paul Eggert (2015-07-20):
1319# Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of this region has been like
1320# Halifax.  Many locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1972;
1321# the Cape Breton area, represented by Glace Bay, is the largest we know of
1322# (Glace Bay was perhaps not the best name choice but no point changing now).
1323# Shanks & Pottenger also write that Liverpool, NS was the only town
1324# in Canada to observe DST in 1971 but not 1970; for now we'll assume
1325# this is a typo.
1326
1327# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
1328Rule	Halifax	1916	only	-	Apr	 1	0:00	1:00	D
1329Rule	Halifax	1916	only	-	Oct	 1	0:00	0	S
1330Rule	Halifax	1920	only	-	May	 9	0:00	1:00	D
1331Rule	Halifax	1920	only	-	Aug	29	0:00	0	S
1332Rule	Halifax	1921	only	-	May	 6	0:00	1:00	D
1333Rule	Halifax	1921	1922	-	Sep	 5	0:00	0	S
1334Rule	Halifax	1922	only	-	Apr	30	0:00	1:00	D
1335Rule	Halifax	1923	1925	-	May	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	D
1336Rule	Halifax	1923	only	-	Sep	 4	0:00	0	S
1337Rule	Halifax	1924	only	-	Sep	15	0:00	0	S
1338Rule	Halifax	1925	only	-	Sep	28	0:00	0	S
1339Rule	Halifax	1926	only	-	May	16	0:00	1:00	D
1340Rule	Halifax	1926	only	-	Sep	13	0:00	0	S
1341Rule	Halifax	1927	only	-	May	 1	0:00	1:00	D
1342Rule	Halifax	1927	only	-	Sep	26	0:00	0	S
1343Rule	Halifax	1928	1931	-	May	Sun>=8	0:00	1:00	D
1344Rule	Halifax	1928	only	-	Sep	 9	0:00	0	S
1345Rule	Halifax	1929	only	-	Sep	 3	0:00	0	S
1346Rule	Halifax	1930	only	-	Sep	15	0:00	0	S
1347Rule	Halifax	1931	1932	-	Sep	Mon>=24	0:00	0	S
1348Rule	Halifax	1932	only	-	May	 1	0:00	1:00	D
1349Rule	Halifax	1933	only	-	Apr	30	0:00	1:00	D
1350Rule	Halifax	1933	only	-	Oct	 2	0:00	0	S
1351Rule	Halifax	1934	only	-	May	20	0:00	1:00	D
1352Rule	Halifax	1934	only	-	Sep	16	0:00	0	S
1353Rule	Halifax	1935	only	-	Jun	 2	0:00	1:00	D
1354Rule	Halifax	1935	only	-	Sep	30	0:00	0	S
1355Rule	Halifax	1936	only	-	Jun	 1	0:00	1:00	D
1356Rule	Halifax	1936	only	-	Sep	14	0:00	0	S
1357Rule	Halifax	1937	1938	-	May	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	D
1358Rule	Halifax	1937	1941	-	Sep	Mon>=24	0:00	0	S
1359Rule	Halifax	1939	only	-	May	28	0:00	1:00	D
1360Rule	Halifax	1940	1941	-	May	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	D
1361Rule	Halifax	1946	1949	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1362Rule	Halifax	1946	1949	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1363Rule	Halifax	1951	1954	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1364Rule	Halifax	1951	1954	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1365Rule	Halifax	1956	1959	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1366Rule	Halifax	1956	1959	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1367Rule	Halifax	1962	1973	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1368Rule	Halifax	1962	1973	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1369# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1370Zone America/Halifax	-4:14:24 -	LMT	1902 Jun 15
1371			-4:00	Halifax	A%sT	1918
1372			-4:00	Canada	A%sT	1919
1373			-4:00	Halifax	A%sT	1942 Feb  9  2:00s
1374			-4:00	Canada	A%sT	1946
1375			-4:00	Halifax	A%sT	1974
1376			-4:00	Canada	A%sT
1377Zone America/Glace_Bay	-3:59:48 -	LMT	1902 Jun 15
1378			-4:00	Canada	A%sT	1953
1379			-4:00	Halifax	A%sT	1954
1380			-4:00	-	AST	1972
1381			-4:00	Halifax	A%sT	1974
1382			-4:00	Canada	A%sT
1383
1384# New Brunswick
1385
1386# From Paul Eggert (2007-01-31):
1387# The Time Definition Act <http://www.gnb.ca/0062/PDF-acts/t-06.pdf>
1388# says they changed at 00:01 through 2006, and
1389# <http://www.canlii.org/nb/laws/sta/t-6/20030127/whole.html> makes it
1390# clear that this was the case since at least 1993.
1391# For now, assume it started in 1993.
1392
1393# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
1394Rule	Moncton	1933	1935	-	Jun	Sun>=8	1:00	1:00	D
1395Rule	Moncton	1933	1935	-	Sep	Sun>=8	1:00	0	S
1396Rule	Moncton	1936	1938	-	Jun	Sun>=1	1:00	1:00	D
1397Rule	Moncton	1936	1938	-	Sep	Sun>=1	1:00	0	S
1398Rule	Moncton	1939	only	-	May	27	1:00	1:00	D
1399Rule	Moncton	1939	1941	-	Sep	Sat>=21	1:00	0	S
1400Rule	Moncton	1940	only	-	May	19	1:00	1:00	D
1401Rule	Moncton	1941	only	-	May	 4	1:00	1:00	D
1402Rule	Moncton	1946	1972	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1403Rule	Moncton	1946	1956	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1404Rule	Moncton	1957	1972	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1405Rule	Moncton	1993	2006	-	Apr	Sun>=1	0:01	1:00	D
1406Rule	Moncton	1993	2006	-	Oct	lastSun	0:01	0	S
1407# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1408Zone America/Moncton	-4:19:08 -	LMT	1883 Dec  9
1409			-5:00	-	EST	1902 Jun 15
1410			-4:00	Canada	A%sT	1933
1411			-4:00	Moncton	A%sT	1942
1412			-4:00	Canada	A%sT	1946
1413			-4:00	Moncton	A%sT	1973
1414			-4:00	Canada	A%sT	1993
1415			-4:00	Moncton	A%sT	2007
1416			-4:00	Canada	A%sT
1417
1418# Quebec
1419
1420# From Paul Eggert (2015-03-24):
1421# See America/Toronto for most of Quebec, including Montreal.
1422#
1423# Matthews and Vincent (1998) also write that Quebec east of the -63
1424# meridian is supposed to observe AST, but residents as far east as
1425# Natashquan use EST/EDT, and residents east of Natashquan use AST.
1426# The Quebec department of justice writes in
1427# "The situation in Minganie and Basse-Côte-Nord"
1428# http://www.justice.gouv.qc.ca/english/publications/generale/temps-minganie-a.htm
1429# that the coastal strip from just east of Natashquan to Blanc-Sablon
1430# observes Atlantic standard time all year round.
1431# http://www.assnat.qc.ca/Media/Process.aspx?MediaId=ANQ.Vigie.Bll.DocumentGenerique_8845en
1432# says this common practice was codified into law as of 2007.
1433# For lack of better info, guess this practice began around 1970, contra to
1434# Shanks & Pottenger who have this region observing AST/ADT.
1435
1436# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1437Zone America/Blanc-Sablon -3:48:28 -	LMT	1884
1438			-4:00	Canada	A%sT	1970
1439			-4:00	-	AST
1440
1441# Ontario
1442
1443# From Paul Eggert (2006-07-09):
1444# Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of Ontario has been like
1445# Toronto.
1446# Thunder Bay skipped DST in 1973.
1447# Many smaller locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1974;
1448# Nipigon (EST) and Rainy River (CST) are the largest that we know of.
1449# Far west Ontario is like Winnipeg; far east Quebec is like Halifax.
1450
1451# From Mark Brader (2003-07-26):
1452# [According to the Toronto Star] Orillia, Ontario, adopted DST
1453# effective Saturday, 1912-06-22, 22:00; the article mentions that
1454# Port Arthur (now part of Thunder Bay, Ontario) as well as Moose Jaw
1455# have already done so.  In Orillia DST was to run until Saturday,
1456# 1912-08-31 (no time mentioned), but it was met with considerable
1457# hostility from certain segments of the public, and was revoked after
1458# only two weeks - I copied it as Saturday, 1912-07-07, 22:00, but
1459# presumably that should be -07-06.  (1912-06-19, -07-12; also letters
1460# earlier in June).
1461#
1462# Kenora, Ontario, was to abandon DST on 1914-06-01 (-05-21).
1463
1464# From Paul Eggert (1997-10-17):
1465# Mark Brader writes that an article in the 1997-10-14 Toronto Star
1466# says that Atikokan, Ontario currently does not observe DST,
1467# but will vote on 11-10 whether to use EST/EDT.
1468# He also writes that the Ontario Time Act (1990, Chapter T.9)
1469# http://www.gov.on.ca/MBS/english/publications/statregs/conttext.html
1470# says that Ontario east of 90W uses EST/EDT, and west of 90W uses CST/CDT.
1471# Officially Atikokan is therefore on CST/CDT, and most likely this report
1472# concerns a non-official time observed as a matter of local practice.
1473#
1474# From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
1475# Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Atikokan, Pickle Lake, and
1476# New Osnaburgh observe CST all year, that Big Trout Lake observes
1477# CST/CDT, and that Upsala and Shebandowan observe EST/EDT, all in
1478# violation of the official Ontario rules.
1479#
1480# From Paul Eggert (2006-07-09):
1481# Chris Walton (2006-07-06) mentioned an article by Stephanie MacLellan in the
1482# 2005-07-21 Chronicle-Journal, which said:
1483#
1484#	The clocks in Atikokan stay set on standard time year-round.
1485#	This means they spend about half the time on central time and
1486#	the other half on eastern time.
1487#
1488#	For the most part, the system works, Mayor Dennis Brown said.
1489#
1490#	"The majority of businesses in Atikokan deal more with Eastern
1491#	Canada, but there are some that deal with Western Canada," he
1492#	said.  "I don't see any changes happening here."
1493#
1494# Walton also writes "Supposedly Pickle Lake and Mishkeegogamang
1495# [New Osnaburgh] follow the same practice."
1496
1497# From Garry McKinnon (2006-07-14) via Chris Walton:
1498# I chatted with a member of my board who has an outstanding memory
1499# and a long history in Atikokan (and in the telecom industry) and he
1500# can say for certain that Atikokan has been practicing the current
1501# time keeping since 1952, at least.
1502
1503# From Paul Eggert (2006-07-17):
1504# Shanks & Pottenger say that Atikokan has agreed with Rainy River
1505# ever since standard time was introduced, but the information from
1506# McKinnon sounds more authoritative.  For now, assume that Atikokan
1507# switched to EST immediately after WWII era daylight saving time
1508# ended.  This matches the old (less-populous) America/Coral_Harbour
1509# entry since our cutoff date of 1970, so we can move
1510# America/Coral_Harbour to the 'backward' file.
1511
1512# From Mark Brader (2010-03-06):
1513#
1514# Currently the database has:
1515#
1516# # Ontario
1517#
1518# # From Paul Eggert (2006-07-09):
1519# # Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of Ontario has been like
1520# # Toronto.
1521# # Thunder Bay skipped DST in 1973.
1522# # Many smaller locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1974;
1523# # Nipigon (EST) and Rainy River (CST) are the largest that we know of.
1524#
1525# In the (Toronto) Globe and Mail for Saturday, 1955-09-24, in the bottom
1526# right corner of page 1, it says that Toronto will return to standard
1527# time at 2 am Sunday morning (which agrees with the database), and that:
1528#
1529#     The one-hour setback will go into effect throughout most of Ontario,
1530#     except in areas like Windsor which remains on standard time all year.
1531#
1532# Windsor is, of course, a lot larger than Nipigon.
1533#
1534# I only came across this incidentally.  I don't know if Windsor began
1535# observing DST when Detroit did, or in 1974, or on some other date.
1536#
1537# By the way, the article continues by noting that:
1538#
1539#     Some cities in the United States have pushed the deadline back
1540#     three weeks and will change over from daylight saving in October.
1541
1542# From Arthur David Olson (2010-07-17):
1543#
1544# "Standard Time and Time Zones in Canada" appeared in
1545# The Journal of The Royal Astronomical Society of Canada,
1546# volume 26, number 2 (February 1932) and, as of 2010-07-17,
1547# was available at
1548# http://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1932JRASC..26...49S
1549#
1550# It includes the text below (starting on page 57):
1551#
1552#   A list of the places in Canada using daylight saving time would
1553# require yearly revision. From information kindly furnished by
1554# the provincial governments and by the postmasters in many cities
1555# and towns, it is found that the following places used daylight sav-
1556# ing in 1930. The information for the province of Quebec is definite,
1557# for the other provinces only approximate:
1558#
1559#	Province	Daylight saving time used
1560# Prince Edward Island	Not used.
1561# Nova Scotia		In Halifax only.
1562# New Brunswick		In St. John only.
1563# Quebec		In the following places:
1564#			Montreal	Lachine
1565#			Quebec		Mont-Royal
1566#			Lévis		Iberville
1567#			St. Lambert	Cap de la Madelèine
1568#			Verdun		Loretteville
1569#			Westmount	Richmond
1570#			Outremont	St. Jérôme
1571#			Longueuil	Greenfield Park
1572#			Arvida		Waterloo
1573#			Chambly-Canton	Beaulieu
1574#			Melbourne	La Tuque
1575#			St. Théophile	Buckingham
1576# Ontario		Used generally in the cities and towns along
1577#			the southerly part of the province. Not
1578#			used in the northwesterly part.
1579# Manitoba		Not used.
1580# Saskatchewan		In Regina only.
1581# Alberta		Not used.
1582# British Columbia	Not used.
1583#
1584#   With some exceptions, the use of daylight saving may be said to be limited
1585# to those cities and towns lying between Quebec city and Windsor, Ont.
1586
1587# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
1588Rule	Toronto	1919	only	-	Mar	30	23:30	1:00	D
1589Rule	Toronto	1919	only	-	Oct	26	0:00	0	S
1590Rule	Toronto	1920	only	-	May	 2	2:00	1:00	D
1591Rule	Toronto	1920	only	-	Sep	26	0:00	0	S
1592Rule	Toronto	1921	only	-	May	15	2:00	1:00	D
1593Rule	Toronto	1921	only	-	Sep	15	2:00	0	S
1594Rule	Toronto	1922	1923	-	May	Sun>=8	2:00	1:00	D
1595# Shanks & Pottenger say 1923-09-19; assume it's a typo and that "-16"
1596# was meant.
1597Rule	Toronto	1922	1926	-	Sep	Sun>=15	2:00	0	S
1598Rule	Toronto	1924	1927	-	May	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	D
1599# The 1927-to-1939 rules can be expressed more simply as
1600# Rule	Toronto	1927	1937	-	Sep	Sun>=25	2:00	0	S
1601# Rule	Toronto	1928	1937	-	Apr	Sun>=25	2:00	1:00	D
1602# Rule	Toronto	1938	1940	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1603# Rule	Toronto	1938	1939	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1604# The rules below avoid use of Sun>=25
1605# (which pre-2004 versions of zic cannot handle).
1606Rule	Toronto	1927	1932	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1607Rule	Toronto	1928	1931	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1608Rule	Toronto	1932	only	-	May	1	2:00	1:00	D
1609Rule	Toronto	1933	1940	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1610Rule	Toronto	1933	only	-	Oct	1	2:00	0	S
1611Rule	Toronto	1934	1939	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1612Rule	Toronto	1945	1946	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1613Rule	Toronto	1946	only	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1614Rule	Toronto	1947	1949	-	Apr	lastSun	0:00	1:00	D
1615Rule	Toronto	1947	1948	-	Sep	lastSun	0:00	0	S
1616Rule	Toronto	1949	only	-	Nov	lastSun	0:00	0	S
1617Rule	Toronto	1950	1973	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1618Rule	Toronto	1950	only	-	Nov	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1619Rule	Toronto	1951	1956	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1620# Shanks & Pottenger say Toronto ended DST a week early in 1971,
1621# namely on 1971-10-24, but Mark Brader wrote (2003-05-31) that this
1622# is wrong, and that he had confirmed it by checking the 1971-10-30
1623# Toronto Star, which said that DST was ending 1971-10-31 as usual.
1624Rule	Toronto	1957	1973	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1625
1626# From Paul Eggert (2003-07-27):
1627# Willett (1914-03) writes (p. 17) "In the Cities of Fort William, and
1628# Port Arthur, Ontario, the principle of the Bill has been in
1629# operation for the past three years, and in the City of Moose Jaw,
1630# Saskatchewan, for one year."
1631
1632# From David Bryan via Tory Tronrud, Director/Curator,
1633# Thunder Bay Museum (2003-11-12):
1634# There is some suggestion, however, that, by-law or not, daylight
1635# savings time was being practiced in Fort William and Port Arthur
1636# before 1909.... [I]n 1910, the line between the Eastern and Central
1637# Time Zones was permanently moved about two hundred miles west to
1638# include the Thunder Bay area....  When Canada adopted daylight
1639# savings time in 1916, Fort William and Port Arthur, having done so
1640# already, did not change their clocks....  During the Second World
1641# War,... [t]he cities agreed to implement DST during the summer
1642# months for the remainder of the war years.
1643
1644# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1645Zone America/Toronto	-5:17:32 -	LMT	1895
1646			-5:00	Canada	E%sT	1919
1647			-5:00	Toronto	E%sT	1942 Feb  9  2:00s
1648			-5:00	Canada	E%sT	1946
1649			-5:00	Toronto	E%sT	1974
1650			-5:00	Canada	E%sT
1651Zone America/Thunder_Bay -5:57:00 -	LMT	1895
1652			-6:00	-	CST	1910
1653			-5:00	-	EST	1942
1654			-5:00	Canada	E%sT	1970
1655			-5:00	Toronto	E%sT	1973
1656			-5:00	-	EST	1974
1657			-5:00	Canada	E%sT
1658Zone America/Nipigon	-5:53:04 -	LMT	1895
1659			-5:00	Canada	E%sT	1940 Sep 29
1660			-5:00	1:00	EDT	1942 Feb  9  2:00s
1661			-5:00	Canada	E%sT
1662Zone America/Rainy_River -6:18:16 -	LMT	1895
1663			-6:00	Canada	C%sT	1940 Sep 29
1664			-6:00	1:00	CDT	1942 Feb  9  2:00s
1665			-6:00	Canada	C%sT
1666Zone America/Atikokan	-6:06:28 -	LMT	1895
1667			-6:00	Canada	C%sT	1940 Sep 29
1668			-6:00	1:00	CDT	1942 Feb  9  2:00s
1669			-6:00	Canada	C%sT	1945 Sep 30  2:00
1670			-5:00	-	EST
1671
1672
1673# Manitoba
1674
1675# From Rob Douglas (2006-04-06):
1676# the old Manitoba Time Act - as amended by Bill 2, assented to
1677# March 27, 1987 ... said ...
1678# "between two o'clock Central Standard Time in the morning of
1679# the first Sunday of April of each year and two o'clock Central
1680# Standard Time in the morning of the last Sunday of October next
1681# following, one hour in advance of Central Standard Time."...
1682# I believe that the English legislation [of the old time act] had
1683# been assented to (March 22, 1967)....
1684# Also, as far as I can tell, there was no order-in-council varying
1685# the time of Daylight Saving Time for 2005 and so the provisions of
1686# the 1987 version would apply - the changeover was at 2:00 Central
1687# Standard Time (i.e. not until 3:00 Central Daylight Time).
1688
1689# From Paul Eggert (2006-04-10):
1690# Shanks & Pottenger say Manitoba switched at 02:00 (not 02:00s)
1691# starting 1966.  Since 02:00s is clearly correct for 1967 on, assume
1692# it was also 02:00s in 1966.
1693
1694# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
1695Rule	Winn	1916	only	-	Apr	23	0:00	1:00	D
1696Rule	Winn	1916	only	-	Sep	17	0:00	0	S
1697Rule	Winn	1918	only	-	Apr	14	2:00	1:00	D
1698Rule	Winn	1918	only	-	Oct	27	2:00	0	S
1699Rule	Winn	1937	only	-	May	16	2:00	1:00	D
1700Rule	Winn	1937	only	-	Sep	26	2:00	0	S
1701Rule	Winn	1942	only	-	Feb	 9	2:00	1:00	W # War
1702Rule	Winn	1945	only	-	Aug	14	23:00u	1:00	P # Peace
1703Rule	Winn	1945	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1704Rule	Winn	1946	only	-	May	12	2:00	1:00	D
1705Rule	Winn	1946	only	-	Oct	13	2:00	0	S
1706Rule	Winn	1947	1949	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1707Rule	Winn	1947	1949	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1708Rule	Winn	1950	only	-	May	 1	2:00	1:00	D
1709Rule	Winn	1950	only	-	Sep	30	2:00	0	S
1710Rule	Winn	1951	1960	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1711Rule	Winn	1951	1958	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1712Rule	Winn	1959	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1713Rule	Winn	1960	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1714Rule	Winn	1963	only	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1715Rule	Winn	1963	only	-	Sep	22	2:00	0	S
1716Rule	Winn	1966	1986	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00s	1:00	D
1717Rule	Winn	1966	2005	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00s	0	S
1718Rule	Winn	1987	2005	-	Apr	Sun>=1	2:00s	1:00	D
1719# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1720Zone America/Winnipeg	-6:28:36 -	LMT	1887 Jul 16
1721			-6:00	Winn	C%sT	2006
1722			-6:00	Canada	C%sT
1723
1724
1725# Saskatchewan
1726
1727# From Mark Brader (2003-07-26):
1728# The first actual adoption of DST in Canada was at the municipal
1729# level.  As the [Toronto] Star put it (1912-06-07), "While people
1730# elsewhere have long been talking of legislation to save daylight,
1731# the city of Moose Jaw [Saskatchewan] has acted on its own hook."
1732# DST in Moose Jaw began on Saturday, 1912-06-01 (no time mentioned:
1733# presumably late evening, as below), and would run until "the end of
1734# the summer".  The discrepancy between municipal time and railroad
1735# time was noted.
1736
1737# From Paul Eggert (2003-07-27):
1738# Willett (1914-03) notes that DST "has been in operation ... in the
1739# City of Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan, for one year."
1740
1741# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1742# Shanks & Pottenger say that since 1970 this region has mostly been as Regina.
1743# Some western towns (e.g. Swift Current) switched from MST/MDT to CST in 1972.
1744# Other western towns (e.g. Lloydminster) are like Edmonton.
1745# Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Denare Beach and Creighton
1746# are like Winnipeg, in violation of Saskatchewan law.
1747
1748# From W. Jones (1992-11-06):
1749# The. . .below is based on information I got from our law library, the
1750# provincial archives, and the provincial Community Services department.
1751# A precise history would require digging through newspaper archives, and
1752# since you didn't say what you wanted, I didn't bother.
1753#
1754# Saskatchewan is split by a time zone meridian (105W) and over the years
1755# the boundary became pretty ragged as communities near it reevaluated
1756# their affiliations in one direction or the other.  In 1965 a provincial
1757# referendum favoured legislating common time practices.
1758#
1759# On 15 April 1966 the Time Act (c. T-14, Revised Statutes of
1760# Saskatchewan 1978) was proclaimed, and established that the eastern
1761# part of Saskatchewan would use CST year round, that districts in
1762# northwest Saskatchewan would by default follow CST but could opt to
1763# follow Mountain Time rules (thus 1 hour difference in the winter and
1764# zero in the summer), and that districts in southwest Saskatchewan would
1765# by default follow MT but could opt to follow CST.
1766#
1767# It took a few years for the dust to settle (I know one story of a town
1768# on one time zone having its school in another, such that a mom had to
1769# serve her family lunch in two shifts), but presently it seems that only
1770# a few towns on the border with Alberta (e.g. Lloydminster) follow MT
1771# rules any more; all other districts appear to have used CST year round
1772# since sometime in the 1960s.
1773
1774# From Chris Walton (2006-06-26):
1775# The Saskatchewan time act which was last updated in 1996 is about 30 pages
1776# long and rather painful to read.
1777# http://www.qp.gov.sk.ca/documents/English/Statutes/Statutes/T14.pdf
1778
1779# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
1780Rule	Regina	1918	only	-	Apr	14	2:00	1:00	D
1781Rule	Regina	1918	only	-	Oct	27	2:00	0	S
1782Rule	Regina	1930	1934	-	May	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	D
1783Rule	Regina	1930	1934	-	Oct	Sun>=1	0:00	0	S
1784Rule	Regina	1937	1941	-	Apr	Sun>=8	0:00	1:00	D
1785Rule	Regina	1937	only	-	Oct	Sun>=8	0:00	0	S
1786Rule	Regina	1938	only	-	Oct	Sun>=1	0:00	0	S
1787Rule	Regina	1939	1941	-	Oct	Sun>=8	0:00	0	S
1788Rule	Regina	1942	only	-	Feb	 9	2:00	1:00	W # War
1789Rule	Regina	1945	only	-	Aug	14	23:00u	1:00	P # Peace
1790Rule	Regina	1945	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1791Rule	Regina	1946	only	-	Apr	Sun>=8	2:00	1:00	D
1792Rule	Regina	1946	only	-	Oct	Sun>=8	2:00	0	S
1793Rule	Regina	1947	1957	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1794Rule	Regina	1947	1957	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1795Rule	Regina	1959	only	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1796Rule	Regina	1959	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1797#
1798Rule	Swift	1957	only	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1799Rule	Swift	1957	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1800Rule	Swift	1959	1961	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1801Rule	Swift	1959	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1802Rule	Swift	1960	1961	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1803# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1804Zone America/Regina	-6:58:36 -	LMT	1905 Sep
1805			-7:00	Regina	M%sT	1960 Apr lastSun  2:00
1806			-6:00	-	CST
1807Zone America/Swift_Current -7:11:20 -	LMT	1905 Sep
1808			-7:00	Canada	M%sT	1946 Apr lastSun  2:00
1809			-7:00	Regina	M%sT	1950
1810			-7:00	Swift	M%sT	1972 Apr lastSun  2:00
1811			-6:00	-	CST
1812
1813
1814# Alberta
1815
1816# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
1817Rule	Edm	1918	1919	-	Apr	Sun>=8	2:00	1:00	D
1818Rule	Edm	1918	only	-	Oct	27	2:00	0	S
1819Rule	Edm	1919	only	-	May	27	2:00	0	S
1820Rule	Edm	1920	1923	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1821Rule	Edm	1920	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1822Rule	Edm	1921	1923	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1823Rule	Edm	1942	only	-	Feb	 9	2:00	1:00	W # War
1824Rule	Edm	1945	only	-	Aug	14	23:00u	1:00	P # Peace
1825Rule	Edm	1945	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1826Rule	Edm	1947	only	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1827Rule	Edm	1947	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1828Rule	Edm	1967	only	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1829Rule	Edm	1967	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1830Rule	Edm	1969	only	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1831Rule	Edm	1969	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1832Rule	Edm	1972	1986	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1833Rule	Edm	1972	2006	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1834# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1835Zone America/Edmonton	-7:33:52 -	LMT	1906 Sep
1836			-7:00	Edm	M%sT	1987
1837			-7:00	Canada	M%sT
1838
1839
1840# British Columbia
1841
1842# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1843# Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of this region has
1844# been like Vancouver.
1845# Dawson Creek uses MST.  Much of east BC is like Edmonton.
1846# Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Creston is like Dawson Creek.
1847
1848# It seems though that (re: Creston) is not entirely correct:
1849
1850# From Chris Walton (2011-12-01):
1851# There are two areas within the Canadian province of British Columbia
1852# that do not currently observe daylight saving:
1853# a) The Creston Valley (includes the town of Creston and surrounding area)
1854# b) The eastern half of the Peace River Regional District
1855# (includes the cities of Dawson Creek and Fort St. John)
1856
1857# Earlier this year I stumbled across a detailed article about the time
1858# keeping history of Creston; it was written by Tammy Hardwick who is the
1859# manager of the Creston & District Museum. The article was written in May 2009.
1860# http://www.ilovecreston.com/?p=articles&t=spec&ar=260
1861# According to the article, Creston has not changed its clocks since June 1918.
1862# i.e. Creston has been stuck on UTC-7 for 93 years.
1863# Dawson Creek, on the other hand, changed its clocks as recently as April 1972.
1864
1865# Unfortunately the exact date for the time change in June 1918 remains
1866# unknown and will be difficult to ascertain.  I e-mailed Tammy a few months
1867# ago to ask if Sunday June 2 was a reasonable guess.  She said it was just
1868# as plausible as any other date (in June).  She also said that after writing
1869# the article she had discovered another time change in 1916; this is the
1870# subject of another article which she wrote in October 2010.
1871# http://www.creston.museum.bc.ca/index.php?module=comments&uop=view_comment&cm+id=56
1872
1873# Here is a summary of the three clock change events in Creston's history:
1874# 1. 1884 or 1885: adoption of Mountain Standard Time (GMT-7)
1875# Exact date unknown
1876# 2. Oct 1916: switch to Pacific Standard Time (GMT-8)
1877# Exact date in October unknown; Sunday October 1 is a reasonable guess.
1878# 3. June 1918: switch to Pacific Daylight Time (GMT-7)
1879# Exact date in June unknown; Sunday June 2 is a reasonable guess.
1880# note 1:
1881# On Oct 27/1918 when daylight saving ended in the rest of Canada,
1882# Creston did not change its clocks.
1883# note 2:
1884# During WWII when the Federal Government legislated a mandatory clock change,
1885# Creston did not oblige.
1886# note 3:
1887# There is no guarantee that Creston will remain on Mountain Standard Time
1888# (UTC-7) forever.
1889# The subject was debated at least once this year by the town Council.
1890# http://www.bclocalnews.com/kootenay_rockies/crestonvalleyadvance/news/116760809.html
1891
1892# During a period WWII, summer time (Daylight saying) was mandatory in Canada.
1893# In Creston, that was handled by shifting the area to PST (-8:00) then applying
1894# summer time to cause the offset to be -7:00, the same as it had been before
1895# the change.  It can be argued that the timezone abbreviation during this
1896# period should be PDT rather than MST, but that doesn't seem important enough
1897# (to anyone) to further complicate the rules.
1898
1899# The transition dates (and times) are guesses.
1900
1901# From Matt Johnson (2015-09-21):
1902# Fort Nelson, BC, Canada will cancel DST this year.  So while previously they
1903# were aligned with America/Vancouver, they're now aligned with
1904# America/Dawson_Creek.
1905# http://www.northernrockies.ca/EN/meta/news/archives/2015/northern-rockies-time-change.html
1906#
1907# From Tim Parenti (2015-09-23):
1908# This requires a new zone for the Northern Rockies Regional Municipality,
1909# America/Fort_Nelson.  The resolution of 2014-12-08 was reached following a
1910# 2014-11-15 poll with nearly 75% support.  Effectively, the municipality has
1911# been on MST (-0700) like Dawson Creek since it advanced its clocks on
1912# 2015-03-08.
1913#
1914# From Paul Eggert (2015-09-23):
1915# Shanks says Fort Nelson did not observe DST in 1946, unlike Vancouver.
1916
1917# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
1918Rule	Vanc	1918	only	-	Apr	14	2:00	1:00	D
1919Rule	Vanc	1918	only	-	Oct	27	2:00	0	S
1920Rule	Vanc	1942	only	-	Feb	 9	2:00	1:00	W # War
1921Rule	Vanc	1945	only	-	Aug	14	23:00u	1:00	P # Peace
1922Rule	Vanc	1945	only	-	Sep	30	2:00	0	S
1923Rule	Vanc	1946	1986	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1924Rule	Vanc	1946	only	-	Oct	13	2:00	0	S
1925Rule	Vanc	1947	1961	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1926Rule	Vanc	1962	2006	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1927# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1928Zone America/Vancouver	-8:12:28 -	LMT	1884
1929			-8:00	Vanc	P%sT	1987
1930			-8:00	Canada	P%sT
1931Zone America/Dawson_Creek -8:00:56 -	LMT	1884
1932			-8:00	Canada	P%sT	1947
1933			-8:00	Vanc	P%sT	1972 Aug 30  2:00
1934			-7:00	-	MST
1935Zone America/Fort_Nelson	-8:10:47 -	LMT	1884
1936			-8:00	Vanc	P%sT	1946
1937			-8:00	-	PST	1947
1938			-8:00	Vanc	P%sT	1987
1939			-8:00	Canada	P%sT	2015 Mar  8  2:00
1940			-7:00	-	MST
1941Zone America/Creston	-7:46:04 -	LMT	1884
1942			-7:00	-	MST	1916 Oct 1
1943			-8:00	-	PST	1918 Jun 2
1944			-7:00	-	MST
1945
1946# Northwest Territories, Nunavut, Yukon
1947
1948# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1949# Dawson switched to PST in 1973.  Inuvik switched to MST in 1979.
1950# Mathew Englander (1996-10-07) gives the following refs:
1951#	* 1967. Paragraph 28(34)(g) of the Interpretation Act, S.C. 1967-68,
1952#	c. 7 defines Yukon standard time as UTC-9....
1953#	see Interpretation Act, R.S.C. 1985, c. I-21, s. 35(1).
1954#	[http://canlii.ca/t/7vhg]
1955#	* C.O. 1973/214 switched Yukon to PST on 1973-10-28 00:00.
1956#	* O.I.C. 1980/02 established DST.
1957#	* O.I.C. 1987/056 changed DST to Apr firstSun 2:00 to Oct lastSun 2:00.
1958
1959# From Brian Inglis (2015-04-14):
1960#
1961# I tried to trace the history of Yukon time and found the following
1962# regulations, giving the reference title and URL if found, regulation name,
1963# and relevant quote if available.  Each regulation specifically revokes its
1964# predecessor.  The final reference is to the current Interpretation Act
1965# authorizing and resulting from these regulatory changes.
1966#
1967# Only recent regulations were retrievable via Yukon government site search or
1968# index, and only some via Canadian legal sources.  Other sources used include
1969# articles titled "Standard Time and Time Zones in Canada" from JRASC via ADS
1970# Abstracts, cited by ADO for 1932 ..., and updated versions from 1958 and
1971# 1970 quoted below; each article includes current extracts from provincial
1972# and territorial ST and DST regulations at the end, summaries and details of
1973# standard times and daylight saving time at many locations across Canada,
1974# with time zone maps, tables and calculations for Canadian Sunrise, Sunset,
1975# and LMST; they also cover many countries and global locations, with a chart
1976# and table showing current Universal Time offsets, and may be useful as
1977# another source of information for 1970 and earlier.
1978#
1979# * Standard Time and Time Zones in Canada; Smith, C.C.; JRASC, Vol. 26,
1980#   pp.49-77; February 1932; SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
1981#   http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1932JRASC..26...49S from p.75:
1982#   Yukon Interpretation Ordinance
1983#   Yukon standard time is the local mean time at the one hundred and
1984#   thirty-fifth meridian.
1985#
1986# * Standard Time and Time Zones in Canada; Smith, C.C.; Thomson, Malcolm M.;
1987#   JRASC, Vol. 52, pp.193-223; October 1958; SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System
1988#   (ADS) http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1958JRASC..52..193S from pp.220-1:
1989#   Yukon Interpretation Ordinance, 1955, Chap. 16.
1990#
1991#     (1) Subject to this section, standard time shall be reckoned as nine
1992#     hours behind Greenwich Time and called Yukon Standard Time.
1993#
1994#     (2) Notwithstanding subsection (1), the Commissioner may make regulations
1995#     varying the manner of reckoning standard time.
1996#
1997# * Yukon Territory Commissioner's Order 1966-20 Interpretation Ordinance
1998#   http://? - no online source found
1999#
2000# * Standard Time and Time Zones in Canada; Thomson, Malcolm M.; JRASC,
2001#   Vol. 64, pp.129-162; June 1970; SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
2002#   http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1970JRASC..64..129T from p.156: Yukon
2003#   Territory Commissioner's Order 1967-59 Interpretation Ordinance ...
2004#
2005#     1. Commissioner's Order 1966-20 dated at Whitehorse in the Yukon
2006#     Territory on 27th January, 1966, is hereby revoked.
2007#
2008#     2. Yukon (East) Standard Time as defined by section 36 of the
2009#     Interpretation Ordinance from and after mid-night on the 28th day of May,
2010#     1967 shall be reckoned in the same manner as Pacific Standard Time, that
2011#     is to say, eight hours behind Greenwich Time in the area of the Yukon
2012#     Territory lying east of the 138th degree longitude west.
2013#
2014#     3. In the remainder of the Territory, lying west of the 138th degree
2015#     longitude west, Yukon (West) Standard Time shall be reckoned as nine
2016#     hours behind Greenwich Time.
2017#
2018# * Yukon Standard Time defined as Pacific Standard Time, YCO 1973/214
2019#   http://www.canlii.org/en/yk/laws/regu/yco-1973-214/latest/yco-1973-214.html
2020#   C.O. 1973/214 INTERPRETATION ACT ...
2021#
2022#     1. Effective October 28, 1973 Commissioner's Order 1967/59 is hereby
2023#     revoked.
2024#
2025#     2. Yukon Standard Time as defined by section 36 of the Interpretation
2026#     Act from and after midnight on the twenty-eighth day of October, 1973
2027#     shall be reckoned in the same manner as Pacific Standard Time, that is
2028#     to say eight hours behind Greenwich Time.
2029#
2030# * O.I.C. 1980/02 INTERPRETATION ACT
2031#   http://? - no online source found
2032#
2033# * Yukon Daylight Saving Time, YOIC 1987/56
2034#   http://www.canlii.org/en/yk/laws/regu/yoic-1987-56/latest/yoic-1987-56.html
2035#   O.I.C. 1987/056 INTERPRETATION ACT ...
2036#
2037#   In every year between
2038#     (a) two o'clock in the morning in the first Sunday in April, and
2039#     (b) two o'clock in the morning in the last Sunday in October,
2040#   Standard Time shall be reckoned as seven hours behind Greenwich Time and
2041#   called Yukon Daylight Saving Time.
2042#   ...
2043#   Dated ... 9th day of March, A.D., 1987.
2044#
2045# * Yukon Daylight Saving Time 2006, YOIC 2006/127
2046#   http://www.canlii.org/en/yk/laws/regu/yoic-2006-127/latest/yoic-2006-127.html
2047#   O.I.C. 2006/127 INTERPRETATION ACT ...
2048#
2049#     1. In Yukon each year the time for general purposes shall be 7 hours
2050#     behind Greenwich mean time during the period commencing at two o'clock
2051#     in the forenoon on the second Sunday of March and ending at two o'clock
2052#     in the forenoon on the first Sunday of November and shall be called
2053#     Yukon Daylight Saving Time.
2054#
2055#     2. Order-in-Council 1987/56 is revoked.
2056#
2057#     3. This order comes into force January 1, 2007.
2058#
2059# * Interpretation Act, RSY 2002, c 125
2060# http://www.canlii.org/en/yk/laws/stat/rsy-2002-c-125/latest/rsy-2002-c-125.html
2061
2062# From Rives McDow (1999-09-04):
2063# Nunavut ... moved ... to incorporate the whole territory into one time zone.
2064# Nunavut moves to single time zone Oct. 31
2065# http://www.nunatsiaq.com/nunavut/nvt90903_13.html
2066#
2067# From Antoine Leca (1999-09-06):
2068# We then need to create a new timezone for the Kitikmeot region of Nunavut
2069# to differentiate it from the Yellowknife region.
2070
2071# From Paul Eggert (1999-09-20):
2072# Basic Facts: The New Territory
2073# http://www.nunavut.com/basicfacts/english/basicfacts_1territory.html
2074# (1999) reports that Pangnirtung operates on eastern time,
2075# and that Coral Harbour does not observe DST.  We don't know when
2076# Pangnirtung switched to eastern time; we'll guess 1995.
2077
2078# From Rives McDow (1999-11-08):
2079# On October 31, when the rest of Nunavut went to Central time,
2080# Pangnirtung wobbled.  Here is the result of their wobble:
2081#
2082# The following businesses and organizations in Pangnirtung use Central Time:
2083#
2084#	First Air, Power Corp, Nunavut Construction, Health Center, RCMP,
2085#	Eastern Arctic National Parks, A & D Specialist
2086#
2087# The following businesses and organizations in Pangnirtung use Eastern Time:
2088#
2089#	Hamlet office, All other businesses, Both schools, Airport operator
2090#
2091# This has made for an interesting situation there, which warranted the news.
2092# No one there that I spoke with seems concerned, or has plans to
2093# change the local methods of keeping time, as it evidently does not
2094# really interfere with any activities or make things difficult locally.
2095# They plan to celebrate New Year's turn-over twice, one hour apart,
2096# so it appears that the situation will last at least that long.
2097# The Nunavut Intergovernmental Affairs hopes that they will "come to
2098# their senses", but the locals evidently don't see any problem with
2099# the current state of affairs.
2100
2101# From Michaela Rodrigue, writing in the
2102# Nunatsiaq News (1999-11-19):
2103# http://www.nunatsiaq.com/archives/nunavut991130/nvt91119_17.html
2104# Clyde River, Pangnirtung and Sanikiluaq now operate with two time zones,
2105# central - or Nunavut time - for government offices, and eastern time
2106# for municipal offices and schools....  Igloolik [was similar but then]
2107# made the switch to central time on Saturday, Nov. 6.
2108
2109# From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
2110# Matthews and Vincent (1998) say the following, but we lack histories
2111# for these potential new Zones.
2112#
2113# The Canadian Forces station at Alert uses Eastern Time while the
2114# handful of residents at the Eureka weather station [in the Central
2115# zone] skip daylight savings.  Baffin Island, which is crossed by the
2116# Central, Eastern and Atlantic Time zones only uses Eastern Time.
2117# Gjoa Haven, Taloyoak and Pelly Bay all use Mountain instead of
2118# Central Time and Southampton Island [in the Central zone] is not
2119# required to use daylight savings.
2120
2121# From <http://www.nunatsiaq.com/archives/nunavut001130/nvt21110_02.html>
2122# Nunavut now has two time zones (2000-11-10):
2123# The Nunavut government would allow its employees in Kugluktuk and
2124# Cambridge Bay to operate on central time year-round, putting them
2125# one hour behind the rest of Nunavut for six months during the winter.
2126# At the end of October the two communities had rebelled against
2127# Nunavut's unified time zone, refusing to shift to eastern time with
2128# the rest of the territory for the winter.  Cambridge Bay remained on
2129# central time, while Kugluktuk, even farther west, reverted to
2130# mountain time, which they had used before the advent of Nunavut's
2131# unified time zone in 1999.
2132#
2133# From Rives McDow (2001-01-20), quoting the Nunavut government:
2134# The preceding decision came into effect at midnight, Saturday Nov 4, 2000.
2135
2136# From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04):
2137# Let's just keep track of the official times for now.
2138
2139# From Rives McDow (2001-03-07):
2140# The premier of Nunavut has issued a ministerial statement advising
2141# that effective 2001-04-01, the territory of Nunavut will revert
2142# back to three time zones (mountain, central, and eastern).  Of the
2143# cities in Nunavut, Coral Harbor is the only one that I know of that
2144# has said it will not observe dst, staying on EST year round.  I'm
2145# checking for more info, and will get back to you if I come up with
2146# more.
2147# [Also see <http://www.nunatsiaq.com/nunavut/nvt10309_06.html> (2001-03-09).]
2148
2149# From Gwillim Law (2005-05-21):
2150# According to ...
2151# http://www.canadiangeographic.ca/Magazine/SO98/geomap.asp
2152# (from a 1998 Canadian Geographic article), the de facto and de jure time
2153# for Southampton Island (at the north end of Hudson Bay) is UTC-5 all year
2154# round.  Using Google, it's easy to find other websites that confirm this.
2155# I wasn't able to find how far back this time regimen goes, but since it
2156# predates the creation of Nunavut, it probably goes back many years....
2157# The Inuktitut name of Coral Harbour is Sallit, but it's rarely used.
2158#
2159# From Paul Eggert (2014-10-17):
2160# For lack of better information, assume that Southampton Island observed
2161# daylight saving only during wartime.  Gwillim Law's email also
2162# mentioned maps now maintained by National Research Council Canada;
2163# see above for an up-to-date link.
2164
2165# From Chris Walton (2007-03-01):
2166# ... the community of Resolute (located on Cornwallis Island in
2167# Nunavut) moved from Central Time to Eastern Time last November.
2168# Basically the community did not change its clocks at the end of
2169# daylight saving....
2170# http://www.nnsl.com/frames/newspapers/2006-11/nov13_06none.html
2171
2172# From Chris Walton (2011-03-21):
2173# Back in 2007 I initiated the creation of a new "zone file" for Resolute
2174# Bay. Resolute Bay is a small community located about 900km north of
2175# the Arctic Circle. The zone file was required because Resolute Bay had
2176# decided to use UTC-5 instead of UTC-6 for the winter of 2006-2007.
2177#
2178# According to new information which I received last week, Resolute Bay
2179# went back to using UTC-6 in the winter of 2007-2008...
2180#
2181# On March 11/2007 most of Canada went onto daylight saving. On March
2182# 14/2007 I phoned the Resolute Bay hamlet office to do a "time check." I
2183# talked to somebody that was both knowledgeable and helpful. I was able
2184# to confirm that Resolute Bay was still operating on UTC-5. It was
2185# explained to me that Resolute Bay had been on the Eastern Time zone
2186# (EST) in the winter, and was now back on the Central Time zone (CDT).
2187# i.e. the time zone had changed twice in the last year but the clocks
2188# had not moved. The residents had to know which time zone they were in
2189# so they could follow the correct TV schedule...
2190#
2191# On Nov 02/2008 most of Canada went onto standard time. On Nov 03/2008 I
2192# phoned the Resolute Bay hamlet office...[D]ue to the challenging nature
2193# of the phone call, I decided to seek out an alternate source of
2194# information. I found an e-mail address for somebody by the name of
2195# Stephanie Adams whose job was listed as "Inns North Support Officer for
2196# Arctic Co-operatives." I was under the impression that Stephanie lived
2197# and worked in Resolute Bay...
2198#
2199# On March 14/2011 I phoned the hamlet office again. I was told that
2200# Resolute Bay had been using Central Standard Time over the winter of
2201# 2010-2011 and that the clocks had therefore been moved one hour ahead
2202# on March 13/2011. The person I talked to was aware that Resolute Bay
2203# had previously experimented with Eastern Standard Time but he could not
2204# tell me when the practice had stopped.
2205#
2206# On March 17/2011 I searched the Web to find an e-mail address of
2207# somebody that might be able to tell me exactly when Resolute Bay went
2208# off Eastern Standard Time. I stumbled on the name "Aziz Kheraj." Aziz
2209# used to be the mayor of Resolute Bay and he apparently owns half the
2210# businesses including "South Camp Inn." This website has some info on
2211# Aziz:
2212# http://www.uphere.ca/node/493
2213#
2214# I sent Aziz an e-mail asking when Resolute Bay had stopped using
2215# Eastern Standard Time.
2216#
2217# Aziz responded quickly with this: "hi, The time was not changed for the
2218# 1 year only, the following year, the community went back to the old way
2219# of "spring ahead-fall behind" currently we are zulu plus 5 hrs and in
2220# the winter Zulu plus 6 hrs"
2221#
2222# This of course conflicted with everything I had ascertained in November 2008.
2223#
2224# I sent Aziz a copy of my 2008 e-mail exchange with Stephanie. Aziz
2225# responded with this: "Hi, Stephanie lives in Winnipeg. I live here, You
2226# may want to check with the weather office in Resolute Bay or do a
2227# search on the weather through Env. Canada. web site"
2228#
2229# If I had realized the Stephanie did not live in Resolute Bay I would
2230# never have contacted her.  I now believe that all the information I
2231# obtained in November 2008 should be ignored...
2232# I apologize for reporting incorrect information in 2008.
2233
2234# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
2235Rule	NT_YK	1918	only	-	Apr	14	2:00	1:00	D
2236Rule	NT_YK	1918	only	-	Oct	27	2:00	0	S
2237Rule	NT_YK	1919	only	-	May	25	2:00	1:00	D
2238Rule	NT_YK	1919	only	-	Nov	 1	0:00	0	S
2239Rule	NT_YK	1942	only	-	Feb	 9	2:00	1:00	W # War
2240Rule	NT_YK	1945	only	-	Aug	14	23:00u	1:00	P # Peace
2241Rule	NT_YK	1945	only	-	Sep	30	2:00	0	S
2242Rule	NT_YK	1965	only	-	Apr	lastSun	0:00	2:00	DD
2243Rule	NT_YK	1965	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
2244Rule	NT_YK	1980	1986	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
2245Rule	NT_YK	1980	2006	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
2246Rule	NT_YK	1987	2006	-	Apr	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	D
2247# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
2248# aka Panniqtuuq
2249Zone America/Pangnirtung 0	-	-00	1921 # trading post est.
2250			-4:00	NT_YK	A%sT	1995 Apr Sun>=1  2:00
2251			-5:00	Canada	E%sT	1999 Oct 31  2:00
2252			-6:00	Canada	C%sT	2000 Oct 29  2:00
2253			-5:00	Canada	E%sT
2254# formerly Frobisher Bay
2255Zone America/Iqaluit	0	-	-00	1942 Aug # Frobisher Bay est.
2256			-5:00	NT_YK	E%sT	1999 Oct 31  2:00
2257			-6:00	Canada	C%sT	2000 Oct 29  2:00
2258			-5:00	Canada	E%sT
2259# aka Qausuittuq
2260Zone America/Resolute	0	-	-00	1947 Aug 31 # Resolute founded
2261			-6:00	NT_YK	C%sT	2000 Oct 29  2:00
2262			-5:00	-	EST	2001 Apr  1  3:00
2263			-6:00	Canada	C%sT	2006 Oct 29  2:00
2264			-5:00	-	EST	2007 Mar 11  3:00
2265			-6:00	Canada	C%sT
2266# aka Kangiqiniq
2267Zone America/Rankin_Inlet 0	-	-00	1957 # Rankin Inlet founded
2268			-6:00	NT_YK	C%sT	2000 Oct 29  2:00
2269			-5:00	-	EST	2001 Apr  1  3:00
2270			-6:00	Canada	C%sT
2271# aka Iqaluktuuttiaq
2272Zone America/Cambridge_Bay 0	-	-00	1920 # trading post est.?
2273			-7:00	NT_YK	M%sT	1999 Oct 31  2:00
2274			-6:00	Canada	C%sT	2000 Oct 29  2:00
2275			-5:00	-	EST	2000 Nov  5  0:00
2276			-6:00	-	CST	2001 Apr  1  3:00
2277			-7:00	Canada	M%sT
2278Zone America/Yellowknife 0	-	-00	1935 # Yellowknife founded?
2279			-7:00	NT_YK	M%sT	1980
2280			-7:00	Canada	M%sT
2281Zone America/Inuvik	0	-	-00	1953 # Inuvik founded
2282			-8:00	NT_YK	P%sT	1979 Apr lastSun  2:00
2283			-7:00	NT_YK	M%sT	1980
2284			-7:00	Canada	M%sT
2285Zone America/Whitehorse	-9:00:12 -	LMT	1900 Aug 20
2286			-9:00	NT_YK	Y%sT	1967 May 28  0:00
2287			-8:00	NT_YK	P%sT	1980
2288			-8:00	Canada	P%sT
2289Zone America/Dawson	-9:17:40 -	LMT	1900 Aug 20
2290			-9:00	NT_YK	Y%sT	1973 Oct 28  0:00
2291			-8:00	NT_YK	P%sT	1980
2292			-8:00	Canada	P%sT
2293
2294
2295###############################################################################
2296
2297# Mexico
2298
2299# From Paul Eggert (2014-12-07):
2300# The Investigation and Analysis Service of the
2301# Mexican Library of Congress (MLoC) has published a
2302# history of Mexican local time (in Spanish)
2303# http://www.diputados.gob.mx/bibliot/publica/inveyana/polisoc/horver/index.htm
2304#
2305# Here are the discrepancies between Shanks & Pottenger (S&P) and the MLoC.
2306# (In all cases we go with the MLoC.)
2307# S&P report that Baja was at -8:00 in 1922/1923.
2308# S&P say the 1930 transition in Baja was 1930-11-16.
2309# S&P report no DST during summer 1931.
2310# S&P report a transition at 1932-03-30 23:00, not 1932-04-01.
2311
2312# From Gwillim Law (2001-02-20):
2313# There are some other discrepancies between the Decrees page and the
2314# tz database.  I think they can best be explained by supposing that
2315# the researchers who prepared the Decrees page failed to find some of
2316# the relevant documents.
2317
2318# From Alan Perry (1996-02-15):
2319# A guy from our Mexico subsidiary finally found the Presidential Decree
2320# outlining the timezone changes in Mexico.
2321#
2322# ------------- Begin Forwarded Message -------------
2323#
2324# I finally got my hands on the Official Presidential Decree that sets up the
2325# rules for the DST changes. The rules are:
2326#
2327# 1. The country is divided in 3 timezones:
2328#    - Baja California Norte (the Mexico/BajaNorte TZ)
2329#    - Baja California Sur, Nayarit, Sinaloa and Sonora (the Mexico/BajaSur TZ)
2330#    - The rest of the country (the Mexico/General TZ)
2331#
2332# 2. From the first Sunday in April at 2:00 AM to the last Sunday in October
2333#    at 2:00 AM, the times in each zone are as follows:
2334#    BajaNorte: GMT+7
2335#    BajaSur:   GMT+6
2336#    General:   GMT+5
2337#
2338# 3. The rest of the year, the times are as follows:
2339#    BajaNorte: GMT+8
2340#    BajaSur:   GMT+7
2341#    General:   GMT+6
2342#
2343# The Decree was published in Mexico's Official Newspaper on January 4th.
2344#
2345# -------------- End Forwarded Message --------------
2346# From Paul Eggert (1996-06-12):
2347# For an English translation of the decree, see
2348# "Diario Oficial: Time Zone Changeover" (1996-01-04).
2349# http://mexico-travel.com/extra/timezone_eng.html
2350
2351# From Rives McDow (1998-10-08):
2352# The State of Quintana Roo has reverted back to central STD and DST times
2353# (i.e. UTC -0600 and -0500 as of 1998-08-02).
2354
2355# From Rives McDow (2000-01-10):
2356# Effective April 4, 1999 at 2:00 AM local time, Sonora changed to the time
2357# zone 5 hours from the International Date Line, and will not observe daylight
2358# savings time so as to stay on the same time zone as the southern part of
2359# Arizona year round.
2360
2361# From Jesper Nørgaard, translating
2362# <http://www.reforma.com/nacional/articulo/064327/> (2001-01-17):
2363# In Oaxaca, the 55.000 teachers from the Section 22 of the National
2364# Syndicate of Education Workers, refuse to apply daylight saving each
2365# year, so that the more than 10,000 schools work at normal hour the
2366# whole year.
2367
2368# From Gwillim Law (2001-01-19):
2369# <http://www.reforma.com/negocios_y_dinero/articulo/064481/> ... says
2370# (translated):...
2371# January 17, 2000 - The Energy Secretary, Ernesto Martens, announced
2372# that Summer Time will be reduced from seven to five months, starting
2373# this year....
2374# http://www.publico.com.mx/scripts/texto3.asp?action=pagina&pag=21&pos=p&secc=naci&date=01/17/2001
2375# [translated], says "summer time will ... take effect on the first Sunday
2376# in May, and end on the last Sunday of September.
2377
2378# From Arthur David Olson (2001-01-25):
2379# The 2001-01-24 traditional Washington Post contained the page one
2380# story "Timely Issue Divides Mexicans."...
2381# http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A37383-2001Jan23.html
2382# ... Mexico City Mayor López Obrador "...is threatening to keep
2383# Mexico City and its 20 million residents on a different time than
2384# the rest of the country..." In particular, López Obrador would abolish
2385# observation of Daylight Saving Time.
2386
2387# Official statute published by the Energy Department
2388# http://www.conae.gob.mx/ahorro/decretohorver2001.html#decre
2389# (2001-02-01) shows Baja and Chihauhua as still using US DST rules,
2390# and Sonora with no DST.  This was reported by Jesper Nørgaard (2001-02-03).
2391
2392# From Paul Eggert (2001-03-03):
2393#
2394# http://www.latimes.com/news/nation/20010303/t000018766.html
2395# James F. Smith writes in today's LA Times
2396# * Sonora will continue to observe standard time.
2397# * Last week Mexico City's mayor Andrés Manuel López Obrador decreed that
2398#   the Federal District will not adopt DST.
2399# * 4 of 16 district leaders announced they'll ignore the decree.
2400# * The decree does not affect federal-controlled facilities including
2401#   the airport, banks, hospitals, and schools.
2402#
2403# For now we'll assume that the Federal District will bow to federal rules.
2404
2405# From Jesper Nørgaard (2001-04-01):
2406# I found some references to the Mexican application of daylight
2407# saving, which modifies what I had already sent you, stating earlier
2408# that a number of northern Mexican states would go on daylight
2409# saving. The modification reverts this to only cover Baja California
2410# (Norte), while all other states (except Sonora, who has no daylight
2411# saving all year) will follow the original decree of president
2412# Vicente Fox, starting daylight saving May 6, 2001 and ending
2413# September 30, 2001.
2414# References: "Diario de Monterrey" <http://www.diariodemonterrey.com/index.asp>
2415# Palabra <http://palabra.infosel.com/010331/primera/ppri3101.pdf> (2001-03-31)
2416
2417# From Reuters (2001-09-04):
2418# Mexico's Supreme Court on Tuesday declared that daylight savings was
2419# unconstitutional in Mexico City, creating the possibility the
2420# capital will be in a different time zone from the rest of the nation
2421# next year....  The Supreme Court's ruling takes effect at 2:00
2422# a.m. (0800 GMT) on Sept. 30, when Mexico is scheduled to revert to
2423# standard time. "This is so residents of the Federal District are not
2424# subject to unexpected time changes," a statement from the court said.
2425
2426# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2002-03-12):
2427# ... consulting my local grocery store(!) and my coworkers, they all insisted
2428# that a new decision had been made to reinstate US style DST in Mexico....
2429# http://www.conae.gob.mx/ahorro/horaver2001_m1_2002.html (2002-02-20)
2430# confirms this.  Sonora as usual is the only state where DST is not applied.
2431
2432# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-12-28):
2433#
2434# Steffen Thorsen wrote:
2435# > Mexico's House of Representatives has approved a proposal for northern
2436# > Mexico's border cities to share the same daylight saving schedule as
2437# > the United States.
2438# Now this has passed both the Congress and the Senate, so starting from
2439# 2010, some border regions will be the same:
2440# http://www.signonsandiego.com/news/2009/dec/28/clocks-will-match-both-sides-border/
2441# http://www.elmananarey.com/diario/noticia/nacional/noticias/empatan_horario_de_frontera_con_eu/621939
2442# (Spanish)
2443#
2444# Could not find the new law text, but the proposed law text changes are here:
2445# http://gaceta.diputados.gob.mx/Gaceta/61/2009/dic/20091210-V.pdf
2446# (Gaceta Parlamentaria)
2447#
2448# There is also a list of the votes here:
2449# http://gaceta.diputados.gob.mx/Gaceta/61/2009/dic/V2-101209.html
2450#
2451# Our page:
2452# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/north-mexico-dst-change.html
2453
2454# From Arthur David Olson (2010-01-20):
2455# The page
2456# http://dof.gob.mx/nota_detalle.php?codigo=5127480&fecha=06/01/2010
2457# includes this text:
2458# En los municipios fronterizos de Tijuana y Mexicali en Baja California;
2459# Juárez y Ojinaga en Chihuahua; Acuña y Piedras Negras en Coahuila;
2460# Anáhuac en Nuevo León; y Nuevo Laredo, Reynosa y Matamoros en
2461# Tamaulipas, la aplicación de este horario estacional surtirá efecto
2462# desde las dos horas del segundo domingo de marzo y concluirá a las dos
2463# horas del primer domingo de noviembre.
2464# En los municipios fronterizos que se encuentren ubicados en la franja
2465# fronteriza norte en el territorio comprendido entre la línea
2466# internacional y la línea paralela ubicada a una distancia de veinte
2467# kilómetros, así como la Ciudad de Ensenada, Baja California, hacia el
2468# interior del país, la aplicación de este horario estacional surtirá
2469# efecto desde las dos horas del segundo domingo de marzo y concluirá a
2470# las dos horas del primer domingo de noviembre.
2471
2472# From Steffen Thorsen (2014-12-08), translated by Gwillim Law:
2473# The Mexican state of Quintana Roo will likely change to EST in 2015.
2474#
2475# http://www.unioncancun.mx/articulo/2014/12/04/medio-ambiente/congreso-aprueba-una-hora-mas-de-sol-en-qroo
2476# "With this change, the time conflict that has existed between the municipios
2477# of Quintana Roo and the municipio of Felipe Carrillo Puerto may come to an
2478# end. The latter declared itself in rebellion 15 years ago when a time change
2479# was initiated in Mexico, and since then it has refused to change its time
2480# zone along with the rest of the country."
2481#
2482# From Steffen Thorsen (2015-01-14), translated by Gwillim Law:
2483# http://sipse.com/novedades/confirman-aplicacion-de-nueva-zona-horaria-para-quintana-roo-132331.html
2484# "...the new time zone will come into effect at two o'clock on the first Sunday
2485# of February, when we will have to advance the clock one hour from its current
2486# time..."
2487# Also, the new zone will not use DST.
2488#
2489# From Carlos Raúl Perasso (2015-02-02):
2490# The decree that modifies the Mexican Hour System Law has finally
2491# been published at the Diario Oficial de la Federación
2492# http://www.dof.gob.mx/nota_detalle.php?codigo=5380123&fecha=31/01/2015
2493# It establishes 5 zones for Mexico:
2494# 1- Zona Centro (Central Zone): Corresponds to longitude 90 W,
2495#    includes most of Mexico, excluding what's mentioned below.
2496# 2- Zona Pacífico (Pacific Zone): Longitude 105 W, includes the
2497#    states of Baja California Sur; Chihuahua; Nayarit (excluding Bahía
2498#    de Banderas which lies in Central Zone); Sinaloa and Sonora.
2499# 3- Zona Noroeste (Northwest Zone): Longitude 120 W, includes the
2500#    state of Baja California.
2501# 4- Zona Sureste (Southeast Zone): Longitude 75 W, includes the state
2502#    of Quintana Roo.
2503# 5- The islands, reefs and keys shall take their timezone from the
2504#    longitude they are located at.
2505
2506# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
2507Rule	Mexico	1939	only	-	Feb	5	0:00	1:00	D
2508Rule	Mexico	1939	only	-	Jun	25	0:00	0	S
2509Rule	Mexico	1940	only	-	Dec	9	0:00	1:00	D
2510Rule	Mexico	1941	only	-	Apr	1	0:00	0	S
2511Rule	Mexico	1943	only	-	Dec	16	0:00	1:00	W # War
2512Rule	Mexico	1944	only	-	May	1	0:00	0	S
2513Rule	Mexico	1950	only	-	Feb	12	0:00	1:00	D
2514Rule	Mexico	1950	only	-	Jul	30	0:00	0	S
2515Rule	Mexico	1996	2000	-	Apr	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	D
2516Rule	Mexico	1996	2000	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
2517Rule	Mexico	2001	only	-	May	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	D
2518Rule	Mexico	2001	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
2519Rule	Mexico	2002	max	-	Apr	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	D
2520Rule	Mexico	2002	max	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
2521# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
2522# Quintana Roo; represented by Cancún
2523Zone America/Cancun	-5:47:04 -	LMT	1922 Jan  1  0:12:56
2524			-6:00	-	CST	1981 Dec 23
2525			-5:00	Mexico	E%sT	1998 Aug  2  2:00
2526			-6:00	Mexico	C%sT	2015 Feb  1  2:00
2527			-5:00	-	EST
2528# Campeche, Yucatán; represented by Mérida
2529Zone America/Merida	-5:58:28 -	LMT	1922 Jan  1  0:01:32
2530			-6:00	-	CST	1981 Dec 23
2531			-5:00	-	EST	1982 Dec  2
2532			-6:00	Mexico	C%sT
2533# Coahuila, Nuevo León, Tamaulipas (near US border)
2534# This includes the following municipalities:
2535#   in Coahuila: Ocampo, Acuña, Zaragoza, Jiménez, Piedras Negras, Nava,
2536#     Guerrero, Hidalgo.
2537#   in Nuevo León: Anáhuac, Los Aldama.
2538#   in Tamaulipas: Nuevo Laredo, Guerrero, Mier, Miguel Alemán, Camargo,
2539#     Gustavo Díaz Ordaz, Reynosa, Río Bravo, Valle Hermoso, Matamoros.
2540# See: Inicia mañana Horario de Verano en zona fronteriza, El Universal,
2541# 2016-03-12
2542# http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/articulo/estados/2016/03/12/inicia-manana-horario-de-verano-en-zona-fronteriza
2543Zone America/Matamoros	-6:40:00 -	LMT	1921 Dec 31 23:20:00
2544			-6:00	-	CST	1988
2545			-6:00	US	C%sT	1989
2546			-6:00	Mexico	C%sT	2010
2547			-6:00	US	C%sT
2548# Durango; Coahuila, Nuevo León, Tamaulipas (away from US border)
2549Zone America/Monterrey	-6:41:16 -	LMT	1921 Dec 31 23:18:44
2550			-6:00	-	CST	1988
2551			-6:00	US	C%sT	1989
2552			-6:00	Mexico	C%sT
2553# Central Mexico
2554Zone America/Mexico_City -6:36:36 -	LMT	1922 Jan  1  0:23:24
2555			-7:00	-	MST	1927 Jun 10 23:00
2556			-6:00	-	CST	1930 Nov 15
2557			-7:00	-	MST	1931 May  1 23:00
2558			-6:00	-	CST	1931 Oct
2559			-7:00	-	MST	1932 Apr  1
2560			-6:00	Mexico	C%sT	2001 Sep 30  2:00
2561			-6:00	-	CST	2002 Feb 20
2562			-6:00	Mexico	C%sT
2563# Chihuahua (near US border)
2564# This includes the municipalities of Janos, Ascensión, Juárez, Guadalupe,
2565# Práxedis G Guerrero, Coyame del Sotol, Ojinaga, and Manuel Benavides.
2566# (See the 2016-03-12 El Universal source mentioned above.)
2567Zone America/Ojinaga	-6:57:40 -	LMT	1922 Jan  1  0:02:20
2568			-7:00	-	MST	1927 Jun 10 23:00
2569			-6:00	-	CST	1930 Nov 15
2570			-7:00	-	MST	1931 May  1 23:00
2571			-6:00	-	CST	1931 Oct
2572			-7:00	-	MST	1932 Apr  1
2573			-6:00	-	CST	1996
2574			-6:00	Mexico	C%sT	1998
2575			-6:00	-	CST	1998 Apr Sun>=1  3:00
2576			-7:00	Mexico	M%sT	2010
2577			-7:00	US	M%sT
2578# Chihuahua (away from US border)
2579Zone America/Chihuahua	-7:04:20 -	LMT	1921 Dec 31 23:55:40
2580			-7:00	-	MST	1927 Jun 10 23:00
2581			-6:00	-	CST	1930 Nov 15
2582			-7:00	-	MST	1931 May  1 23:00
2583			-6:00	-	CST	1931 Oct
2584			-7:00	-	MST	1932 Apr  1
2585			-6:00	-	CST	1996
2586			-6:00	Mexico	C%sT	1998
2587			-6:00	-	CST	1998 Apr Sun>=1  3:00
2588			-7:00	Mexico	M%sT
2589# Sonora
2590Zone America/Hermosillo	-7:23:52 -	LMT	1921 Dec 31 23:36:08
2591			-7:00	-	MST	1927 Jun 10 23:00
2592			-6:00	-	CST	1930 Nov 15
2593			-7:00	-	MST	1931 May  1 23:00
2594			-6:00	-	CST	1931 Oct
2595			-7:00	-	MST	1932 Apr  1
2596			-6:00	-	CST	1942 Apr 24
2597			-7:00	-	MST	1949 Jan 14
2598			-8:00	-	PST	1970
2599			-7:00	Mexico	M%sT	1999
2600			-7:00	-	MST
2601
2602# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-04-21):
2603# According to news, Bahía de Banderas (Mexican state of Nayarit)
2604# changed time zone UTC-7 to new time zone UTC-6 on April 4, 2010 (to
2605# share the same time zone as nearby city Puerto Vallarta, Jalisco).
2606#
2607# (Spanish)
2608# Bahía de Banderas homologa su horario al del centro del
2609# país, a partir de este domingo
2610# http://www.nayarit.gob.mx/notes.asp?id=20748
2611#
2612# Bahía de Banderas homologa su horario con el del Centro del
2613# País
2614# http://www.bahiadebanderas.gob.mx/principal/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=261:bahia-de-banderas-homologa-su-horario-con-el-del-centro-del-pais&catid=42:comunicacion-social&Itemid=50
2615#
2616# (English)
2617# Puerto Vallarta and Bahía de Banderas: One Time Zone
2618# http://virtualvallarta.com/puertovallarta/puertovallarta/localnews/2009-12-03-Puerto-Vallarta-and-Bahia-de-Banderas-One-Time-Zone.shtml
2619# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_mexico08.html
2620#
2621# "Mexico's Senate approved the amendments to the Mexican Schedule System that
2622# will allow Bahía de Banderas and Puerto Vallarta to share the same time
2623# zone ..."
2624# Baja California Sur, Nayarit, Sinaloa
2625
2626# From Arthur David Olson (2010-05-01):
2627# Use "Bahia_Banderas" to keep the name to fourteen characters.
2628
2629# Mazatlán
2630Zone America/Mazatlan	-7:05:40 -	LMT	1921 Dec 31 23:54:20
2631			-7:00	-	MST	1927 Jun 10 23:00
2632			-6:00	-	CST	1930 Nov 15
2633			-7:00	-	MST	1931 May  1 23:00
2634			-6:00	-	CST	1931 Oct
2635			-7:00	-	MST	1932 Apr  1
2636			-6:00	-	CST	1942 Apr 24
2637			-7:00	-	MST	1949 Jan 14
2638			-8:00	-	PST	1970
2639			-7:00	Mexico	M%sT
2640
2641# Bahía de Banderas
2642Zone America/Bahia_Banderas	-7:01:00 -	LMT	1921 Dec 31 23:59:00
2643			-7:00	-	MST	1927 Jun 10 23:00
2644			-6:00	-	CST	1930 Nov 15
2645			-7:00	-	MST	1931 May  1 23:00
2646			-6:00	-	CST	1931 Oct
2647			-7:00	-	MST	1932 Apr  1
2648			-6:00	-	CST	1942 Apr 24
2649			-7:00	-	MST	1949 Jan 14
2650			-8:00	-	PST	1970
2651			-7:00	Mexico	M%sT	2010 Apr  4  2:00
2652			-6:00	Mexico	C%sT
2653
2654# Baja California
2655Zone America/Tijuana	-7:48:04 -	LMT	1922 Jan  1  0:11:56
2656			-7:00	-	MST	1924
2657			-8:00	-	PST	1927 Jun 10 23:00
2658			-7:00	-	MST	1930 Nov 15
2659			-8:00	-	PST	1931 Apr  1
2660			-8:00	1:00	PDT	1931 Sep 30
2661			-8:00	-	PST	1942 Apr 24
2662			-8:00	1:00	PWT	1945 Aug 14 23:00u
2663			-8:00	1:00	PPT	1945 Nov 12 # Peace
2664			-8:00	-	PST	1948 Apr  5
2665			-8:00	1:00	PDT	1949 Jan 14
2666			-8:00	-	PST	1954
2667			-8:00	CA	P%sT	1961
2668			-8:00	-	PST	1976
2669			-8:00	US	P%sT	1996
2670			-8:00	Mexico	P%sT	2001
2671			-8:00	US	P%sT	2002 Feb 20
2672			-8:00	Mexico	P%sT	2010
2673			-8:00	US	P%sT
2674# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
2675# Formerly there was an America/Ensenada zone, which differed from
2676# America/Tijuana only in that it did not observe DST from 1976
2677# through 1995.  This was as per Shanks (1999).  But Shanks & Pottenger say
2678# Ensenada did not observe DST from 1948 through 1975.  Guy Harris reports
2679# that the 1987 OAG says "Only Ensenada, Mexicali, San Felipe and
2680# Tijuana observe DST," which agrees with Shanks & Pottenger but implies that
2681# DST-observance was a town-by-town matter back then.  This concerns
2682# data after 1970 so most likely there should be at least one Zone
2683# other than America/Tijuana for Baja, but it's not clear yet what its
2684# name or contents should be.
2685#
2686# From Paul Eggert (2015-10-08):
2687# Formerly there was an America/Santa_Isabel zone, but this appears to
2688# have come from a misreading of
2689# http://dof.gob.mx/nota_detalle.php?codigo=5127480&fecha=06/01/2010
2690# It has been moved to the 'backward' file.
2691#
2692#
2693# Revillagigedo Is
2694# no information
2695
2696###############################################################################
2697
2698# Anguilla
2699# Antigua and Barbuda
2700# See America/Port_of_Spain.
2701
2702# Bahamas
2703#
2704# For 1899 Milne gives -5:09:29.5; round that.
2705#
2706# From Sue Williams (2006-12-07):
2707# The Bahamas announced about a month ago that they plan to change their DST
2708# rules to sync with the U.S. starting in 2007....
2709# http://www.jonesbahamas.com/?c=45&a=10412
2710
2711# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
2712Rule	Bahamas	1964	1975	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
2713Rule	Bahamas	1964	1975	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
2714# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
2715Zone	America/Nassau	-5:09:30 -	LMT	1912 Mar 2
2716			-5:00	Bahamas	E%sT	1976
2717			-5:00	US	E%sT
2718
2719# Barbados
2720
2721# For 1899 Milne gives -3:58:29.2; round that.
2722
2723# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
2724Rule	Barb	1977	only	-	Jun	12	2:00	1:00	D
2725Rule	Barb	1977	1978	-	Oct	Sun>=1	2:00	0	S
2726Rule	Barb	1978	1980	-	Apr	Sun>=15	2:00	1:00	D
2727Rule	Barb	1979	only	-	Sep	30	2:00	0	S
2728Rule	Barb	1980	only	-	Sep	25	2:00	0	S
2729# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
2730Zone America/Barbados	-3:58:29 -	LMT	1924 # Bridgetown
2731			-3:58:29 -	BMT	1932 # Bridgetown Mean Time
2732			-4:00	Barb	A%sT
2733
2734# Belize
2735# Whitman entirely disagrees with Shanks; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
2736# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
2737Rule	Belize	1918	1942	-	Oct	Sun>=2	0:00	0:30	HD
2738Rule	Belize	1919	1943	-	Feb	Sun>=9	0:00	0	S
2739Rule	Belize	1973	only	-	Dec	 5	0:00	1:00	D
2740Rule	Belize	1974	only	-	Feb	 9	0:00	0	S
2741Rule	Belize	1982	only	-	Dec	18	0:00	1:00	D
2742Rule	Belize	1983	only	-	Feb	12	0:00	0	S
2743# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
2744Zone	America/Belize	-5:52:48 -	LMT	1912 Apr
2745			-6:00	Belize	C%sT
2746
2747# Bermuda
2748
2749# For 1899 Milne gives -4:19:18.3 as the meridian of the clock tower,
2750# Bermuda dockyard, Ireland I; round that.
2751
2752# From Dan Jones, reporting in The Royal Gazette (2006-06-26):
2753
2754# Next year, however, clocks in the US will go forward on the second Sunday
2755# in March, until the first Sunday in November.  And, after the Time Zone
2756# (Seasonal Variation) Bill 2006 was passed in the House of Assembly on
2757# Friday, the same thing will happen in Bermuda.
2758# http://www.theroyalgazette.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20060529/NEWS/105290135
2759
2760# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
2761Zone Atlantic/Bermuda	-4:19:18 -	LMT	1930 Jan  1  2:00 # Hamilton
2762			-4:00	-	AST	1974 Apr 28  2:00
2763			-4:00	Canada	A%sT	1976
2764			-4:00	US	A%sT
2765
2766# Cayman Is
2767# See America/Panama.
2768
2769# Costa Rica
2770
2771# Milne gives -5:36:13.3 as San José mean time; round to nearest.
2772
2773# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
2774Rule	CR	1979	1980	-	Feb	lastSun	0:00	1:00	D
2775Rule	CR	1979	1980	-	Jun	Sun>=1	0:00	0	S
2776Rule	CR	1991	1992	-	Jan	Sat>=15	0:00	1:00	D
2777# IATA SSIM (1991-09) says the following was at 1:00;
2778# go with Shanks & Pottenger.
2779Rule	CR	1991	only	-	Jul	 1	0:00	0	S
2780Rule	CR	1992	only	-	Mar	15	0:00	0	S
2781# There are too many San Josés elsewhere, so we'll use 'Costa Rica'.
2782# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
2783Zone America/Costa_Rica	-5:36:13 -	LMT	1890        # San José
2784			-5:36:13 -	SJMT	1921 Jan 15 # San José Mean Time
2785			-6:00	CR	C%sT
2786# Coco
2787# no information; probably like America/Costa_Rica
2788
2789# Cuba
2790
2791# From Paul Eggert (2013-02-21):
2792# Milne gives -5:28:50.45 for the observatory at Havana, -5:29:23.57
2793# for the port, and -5:30 for meteorological observations.
2794# For now, stick with Shanks & Pottenger.
2795
2796# From Arthur David Olson (1999-03-29):
2797# The 1999-03-28 exhibition baseball game held in Havana, Cuba, between
2798# the Cuban National Team and the Baltimore Orioles was carried live on
2799# the Orioles Radio Network, including affiliate WTOP in Washington, DC.
2800# During the game, play-by-play announcer Jim Hunter noted that
2801# "We'll be losing two hours of sleep...Cuba switched to Daylight Saving
2802# Time today."  (The "two hour" remark referred to losing one hour of
2803# sleep on 1999-03-28 - when the announcers were in Cuba as it switched
2804# to DST - and one more hour on 1999-04-04 - when the announcers will have
2805# returned to Baltimore, which switches on that date.)
2806
2807# From Steffen Thorsen (2013-11-11):
2808# DST start in Cuba in 2004 ... does not follow the same rules as the
2809# years before.  The correct date should be Sunday 2004-03-28 00:00 ...
2810# https://web.archive.org/web/20040402060750/http://www.granma.cu/espanol/2004/marzo/sab27/reloj.html
2811
2812# From Evert van der Veer via Steffen Thorsen (2004-10-28):
2813# Cuba is not going back to standard time this year.
2814# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
2815# http://www.granma.cu/ingles/2004/septiembre/juev30/41medid-i.html
2816# says that it's due to a problem at the Antonio Guiteras
2817# thermoelectric plant, and says "This October there will be no return
2818# to normal hours (after daylight saving time)".
2819# For now, let's assume that it's a temporary measure.
2820
2821# From Carlos A. Carnero Delgado (2005-11-12):
2822# This year (just like in 2004-2005) there's no change in time zone
2823# adjustment in Cuba.  We will stay in daylight saving time:
2824# http://www.granma.cu/espanol/2005/noviembre/mier9/horario.html
2825
2826# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-10-21):
2827# An article in GRANMA INTERNACIONAL claims that Cuba will end
2828# the 3 years of permanent DST next weekend, see
2829# http://www.granma.cu/ingles/2006/octubre/lun16/43horario.html
2830# "On Saturday night, October 28 going into Sunday, October 29, at 01:00,
2831# watches should be set back one hour - going back to 00:00 hours - returning
2832# to the normal schedule....
2833
2834# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-02):
2835# <http://www.granma.cubaweb.cu/english/news/art89.html>, dated yesterday,
2836# says Cuban clocks will advance at midnight on March 10.
2837# For lack of better information, assume Cuba will use US rules,
2838# except that it switches at midnight standard time as usual.
2839#
2840# From Steffen Thorsen (2007-10-25):
2841# Carlos Alberto Fonseca Arauz informed me that Cuba will end DST one week
2842# earlier - on the last Sunday of October, just like in 2006.
2843#
2844# He supplied these references:
2845#
2846# http://www.prensalatina.com.mx/article.asp?ID=%7B4CC32C1B-A9F7-42FB-8A07-8631AFC923AF%7D&language=ES
2847# http://actualidad.terra.es/sociedad/articulo/cuba_llama_ahorrar_energia_cambio_1957044.htm
2848#
2849# From Alex Krivenyshev (2007-10-25):
2850# Here is also article from Granma (Cuba):
2851#
2852# Regirá el Horario Normal desde el próximo domingo 28 de octubre
2853# http://www.granma.cubaweb.cu/2007/10/24/nacional/artic07.html
2854#
2855# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_cuba03.html
2856
2857# From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-09):
2858# I'm in Maryland which is now observing United States Eastern Daylight
2859# Time. At 9:44 local time I used RealPlayer to listen to
2860# http://media.enet.cu/radioreloj
2861# a Cuban information station, and heard
2862# the time announced as "ocho cuarenta y cuatro" ("eight forty-four"),
2863# indicating that Cuba is still on standard time.
2864
2865# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-03-12):
2866# It seems that Cuba will start DST on Sunday, 2007-03-16...
2867# It was announced yesterday, according to this source (in Spanish):
2868# http://www.nnc.cubaweb.cu/marzo-2008/cien-1-11-3-08.htm
2869#
2870# Some more background information is posted here:
2871# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-starts-dst-march-16.html
2872#
2873# The article also says that Cuba has been observing DST since 1963,
2874# while Shanks (and tzdata) has 1965 as the first date (except in the
2875# 1940's). Many other web pages in Cuba also claim that it has been
2876# observed since 1963, but with the exception of 1970 - an exception
2877# which is not present in tzdata/Shanks. So there is a chance we need to
2878# change some historic records as well.
2879#
2880# One example:
2881# http://www.radiohc.cu/espanol/noticias/mar07/11mar/hor.htm
2882
2883# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2008-03-13):
2884# The Cuban time change has just been confirmed on the most authoritative
2885# web site, the Granma.  Please check out
2886# http://www.granma.cubaweb.cu/2008/03/13/nacional/artic10.html
2887#
2888# Basically as expected after Steffen Thorsen's information, the change
2889# will take place midnight between Saturday and Sunday.
2890
2891# From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-12):
2892# Assume Sun>=15 (third Sunday) going forward.
2893
2894# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-04)
2895# According to the Radio Reloj - Cuba will start Daylight Saving Time on
2896# midnight between Saturday, March 07, 2009 and Sunday, March 08, 2009-
2897# not on midnight March 14 / March 15 as previously thought.
2898#
2899# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_cuba05.html
2900# (in Spanish)
2901
2902# From Arthur David Olson (2009-03-09)
2903# I listened over the Internet to
2904# http://media.enet.cu/readioreloj
2905# this morning; when it was 10:05 a. m. here in Bethesda, Maryland the
2906# the time was announced as "diez cinco" - the same time as here, indicating
2907# that has indeed switched to DST. Assume second Sunday from 2009 forward.
2908
2909# From Steffen Thorsen (2011-03-08):
2910# Granma announced that Cuba is going to start DST on 2011-03-20 00:00:00
2911# this year. Nothing about the end date known so far (if that has
2912# changed at all).
2913#
2914# Source:
2915# http://granma.co.cu/2011/03/08/nacional/artic01.html
2916#
2917# Our info:
2918# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-starts-dst-2011.html
2919#
2920# From Steffen Thorsen (2011-10-30)
2921# Cuba will end DST two weeks later this year. Instead of going back
2922# tonight, it has been delayed to 2011-11-13 at 01:00.
2923#
2924# One source (Spanish)
2925# http://www.radioangulo.cu/noticias/cuba/17105-cuba-restablecera-el-horario-del-meridiano-de-greenwich.html
2926#
2927# Our page:
2928# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-time-changes-2011.html
2929#
2930# From Steffen Thorsen (2012-03-01)
2931# According to Radio Reloj, Cuba will start DST on Midnight between March
2932# 31 and April 1.
2933#
2934# Radio Reloj has the following info (Spanish):
2935# http://www.radioreloj.cu/index.php/noticias-radio-reloj/71-miscelaneas/7529-cuba-aplicara-el-horario-de-verano-desde-el-1-de-abril
2936#
2937# Our info on it:
2938# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-starts-dst-2012.html
2939
2940# From Steffen Thorsen (2012-11-03):
2941# Radio Reloj and many other sources report that Cuba is changing back
2942# to standard time on 2012-11-04:
2943# http://www.radioreloj.cu/index.php/noticias-radio-reloj/36-nacionales/9961-regira-horario-normal-en-cuba-desde-el-domingo-cuatro-de-noviembre
2944# From Paul Eggert (2012-11-03):
2945# For now, assume the future rule is first Sunday in November.
2946
2947# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
2948Rule	Cuba	1928	only	-	Jun	10	0:00	1:00	D
2949Rule	Cuba	1928	only	-	Oct	10	0:00	0	S
2950Rule	Cuba	1940	1942	-	Jun	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	D
2951Rule	Cuba	1940	1942	-	Sep	Sun>=1	0:00	0	S
2952Rule	Cuba	1945	1946	-	Jun	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	D
2953Rule	Cuba	1945	1946	-	Sep	Sun>=1	0:00	0	S
2954Rule	Cuba	1965	only	-	Jun	1	0:00	1:00	D
2955Rule	Cuba	1965	only	-	Sep	30	0:00	0	S
2956Rule	Cuba	1966	only	-	May	29	0:00	1:00	D
2957Rule	Cuba	1966	only	-	Oct	2	0:00	0	S
2958Rule	Cuba	1967	only	-	Apr	8	0:00	1:00	D
2959Rule	Cuba	1967	1968	-	Sep	Sun>=8	0:00	0	S
2960Rule	Cuba	1968	only	-	Apr	14	0:00	1:00	D
2961Rule	Cuba	1969	1977	-	Apr	lastSun	0:00	1:00	D
2962Rule	Cuba	1969	1971	-	Oct	lastSun	0:00	0	S
2963Rule	Cuba	1972	1974	-	Oct	8	0:00	0	S
2964Rule	Cuba	1975	1977	-	Oct	lastSun	0:00	0	S
2965Rule	Cuba	1978	only	-	May	7	0:00	1:00	D
2966Rule	Cuba	1978	1990	-	Oct	Sun>=8	0:00	0	S
2967Rule	Cuba	1979	1980	-	Mar	Sun>=15	0:00	1:00	D
2968Rule	Cuba	1981	1985	-	May	Sun>=5	0:00	1:00	D
2969Rule	Cuba	1986	1989	-	Mar	Sun>=14	0:00	1:00	D
2970Rule	Cuba	1990	1997	-	Apr	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	D
2971Rule	Cuba	1991	1995	-	Oct	Sun>=8	0:00s	0	S
2972Rule	Cuba	1996	only	-	Oct	 6	0:00s	0	S
2973Rule	Cuba	1997	only	-	Oct	12	0:00s	0	S
2974Rule	Cuba	1998	1999	-	Mar	lastSun	0:00s	1:00	D
2975Rule	Cuba	1998	2003	-	Oct	lastSun	0:00s	0	S
2976Rule	Cuba	2000	2003	-	Apr	Sun>=1	0:00s	1:00	D
2977Rule	Cuba	2004	only	-	Mar	lastSun	0:00s	1:00	D
2978Rule	Cuba	2006	2010	-	Oct	lastSun	0:00s	0	S
2979Rule	Cuba	2007	only	-	Mar	Sun>=8	0:00s	1:00	D
2980Rule	Cuba	2008	only	-	Mar	Sun>=15	0:00s	1:00	D
2981Rule	Cuba	2009	2010	-	Mar	Sun>=8	0:00s	1:00	D
2982Rule	Cuba	2011	only	-	Mar	Sun>=15	0:00s	1:00	D
2983Rule	Cuba	2011	only	-	Nov	13	0:00s	0	S
2984Rule	Cuba	2012	only	-	Apr	1	0:00s	1:00	D
2985Rule	Cuba	2012	max	-	Nov	Sun>=1	0:00s	0	S
2986Rule	Cuba	2013	max	-	Mar	Sun>=8	0:00s	1:00	D
2987
2988# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
2989Zone	America/Havana	-5:29:28 -	LMT	1890
2990			-5:29:36 -	HMT	1925 Jul 19 12:00 # Havana MT
2991			-5:00	Cuba	C%sT
2992
2993# Dominica
2994# See America/Port_of_Spain.
2995
2996# Dominican Republic
2997
2998# From Steffen Thorsen (2000-10-30):
2999# Enrique Morales reported to me that the Dominican Republic has changed the
3000# time zone to Eastern Standard Time as of Sunday 29 at 2 am....
3001# http://www.listin.com.do/antes/261000/republica/princi.html
3002
3003# From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04):
3004# That URL (2000-10-26, in Spanish) says they planned to use US-style DST.
3005
3006# From Rives McDow (2000-12-01):
3007# Dominican Republic changed its mind and presidential decree on Tuesday,
3008# November 28, 2000, with a new decree.  On Sunday, December 3 at 1:00 AM the
3009# Dominican Republic will be reverting to 8 hours from the International Date
3010# Line, and will not be using DST in the foreseeable future.  The reason they
3011# decided to use DST was to be in synch with Puerto Rico, who was also going
3012# to implement DST.  When Puerto Rico didn't implement DST, the president
3013# decided to revert.
3014
3015
3016# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
3017Rule	DR	1966	only	-	Oct	30	0:00	1:00	D
3018Rule	DR	1967	only	-	Feb	28	0:00	0	S
3019Rule	DR	1969	1973	-	Oct	lastSun	0:00	0:30	HD
3020Rule	DR	1970	only	-	Feb	21	0:00	0	S
3021Rule	DR	1971	only	-	Jan	20	0:00	0	S
3022Rule	DR	1972	1974	-	Jan	21	0:00	0	S
3023# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
3024Zone America/Santo_Domingo -4:39:36 -	LMT	1890
3025			-4:40	-	SDMT	1933 Apr  1 12:00 # S. Dom. MT
3026			-5:00	DR	E%sT	1974 Oct 27
3027			-4:00	-	AST	2000 Oct 29  2:00
3028			-5:00	US	E%sT	2000 Dec  3  1:00
3029			-4:00	-	AST
3030
3031# El Salvador
3032
3033# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
3034Rule	Salv	1987	1988	-	May	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	D
3035Rule	Salv	1987	1988	-	Sep	lastSun	0:00	0	S
3036# There are too many San Salvadors elsewhere, so use America/El_Salvador
3037# instead of America/San_Salvador.
3038# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
3039Zone America/El_Salvador -5:56:48 -	LMT	1921 # San Salvador
3040			-6:00	Salv	C%sT
3041
3042# Grenada
3043# Guadeloupe
3044# St Barthélemy
3045# St Martin (French part)
3046# See America/Port_of_Spain.
3047
3048# Guatemala
3049#
3050# From Gwillim Law (2006-04-22), after a heads-up from Oscar van Vlijmen:
3051# Diario Co Latino, at
3052# <http://www.diariocolatino.com/internacionales/detalles.asp?NewsID=8079>,
3053# says in an article dated 2006-04-19 that the Guatemalan government had
3054# decided on that date to advance official time by 60 minutes, to lessen the
3055# impact of the elevated cost of oil....  Daylight saving time will last from
3056# 2006-04-29 24:00 (Guatemalan standard time) to 2006-09-30 (time unspecified).
3057# From Paul Eggert (2006-06-22):
3058# The Ministry of Energy and Mines, press release CP-15/2006
3059# (2006-04-19), says DST ends at 24:00.  See
3060# http://www.sieca.org.gt/Sitio_publico/Energeticos/Doc/Medidas/Cambio_Horario_Nac_190406.pdf
3061
3062# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
3063Rule	Guat	1973	only	-	Nov	25	0:00	1:00	D
3064Rule	Guat	1974	only	-	Feb	24	0:00	0	S
3065Rule	Guat	1983	only	-	May	21	0:00	1:00	D
3066Rule	Guat	1983	only	-	Sep	22	0:00	0	S
3067Rule	Guat	1991	only	-	Mar	23	0:00	1:00	D
3068Rule	Guat	1991	only	-	Sep	 7	0:00	0	S
3069Rule	Guat	2006	only	-	Apr	30	0:00	1:00	D
3070Rule	Guat	2006	only	-	Oct	 1	0:00	0	S
3071# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
3072Zone America/Guatemala	-6:02:04 -	LMT	1918 Oct 5
3073			-6:00	Guat	C%sT
3074
3075# Haiti
3076# From Gwillim Law (2005-04-15):
3077# Risto O. Nykänen wrote me that Haiti is now on DST.
3078# I searched for confirmation, and I found a press release
3079# on the Web page of the Haitian Consulate in Chicago (2005-03-31),
3080# <http://www.haitianconsulate.org/time.doc>.  Translated from French, it says:
3081#
3082#  "The Prime Minister's Communication Office notifies the public in general
3083#   and the press in particular that, following a decision of the Interior
3084#   Ministry and the Territorial Collectivities [I suppose that means the
3085#   provinces], Haiti will move to Eastern Daylight Time in the night from next
3086#   Saturday the 2nd to Sunday the 3rd.
3087#
3088#  "Consequently, the Prime Minister's Communication Office wishes to inform
3089#   the population that the country's clocks will be set forward one hour
3090#   starting at midnight.  This provision will hold until the last Saturday in
3091#   October 2005.
3092#
3093#  "Port-au-Prince, March 31, 2005"
3094#
3095# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-04-04):
3096# I have been informed by users that Haiti observes DST this year like
3097# last year, so the current "only" rule for 2005 might be changed to a
3098# "max" rule or to last until 2006. (Who knows if they will observe DST
3099# next year or if they will extend their DST like US/Canada next year).
3100#
3101# I have found this article about it (in French):
3102# http://www.haitipressnetwork.com/news.cfm?articleID=7612
3103#
3104# The reason seems to be an energy crisis.
3105
3106# From Stephen Colebourne (2007-02-22):
3107# Some IATA info: Haiti won't be having DST in 2007.
3108
3109# From Steffen Thorsen (2012-03-11):
3110# According to several news sources, Haiti will observe DST this year,
3111# apparently using the same start and end date as USA/Canada.
3112# So this means they have already changed their time.
3113#
3114# http://www.alterpresse.org/spip.php?article12510
3115# http://radiovision2000haiti.net/home/?p=13253
3116#
3117# From Arthur David Olson (2012-03-11):
3118# The alterpresse.org source seems to show a US-style leap from 2:00 a.m. to
3119# 3:00 a.m. rather than the traditional Haitian jump at midnight.
3120# Assume a US-style fall back as well.
3121
3122# From Steffen Thorsen (2013-03-10):
3123# It appears that Haiti is observing DST this year as well, same rules
3124# as US/Canada.  They did it last year as well, and it looks like they
3125# are going to observe DST every year now...
3126#
3127# http://radiovision2000haiti.net/public/haiti-avis-changement-dheure-dimanche/
3128# http://www.canalplushaiti.net/?p=6714
3129
3130# From Steffen Thorsen (2016-03-12):
3131# Jean Antoine, editor of www.haiti-reference.com informed us that Haiti
3132# are not going on DST this year.  Several other resources confirm this: ...
3133# http://www.radiotelevisioncaraibes.com/presse/heure_d_t_pas_de_changement_d_heure_pr_vu_pour_cet_ann_e.html
3134# http://www.vantbefinfo.com/changement-dheure-pas-pour-haiti/
3135# http://news.anmwe.com/haiti-lheure-nationale-ne-sera-ni-avancee-ni-reculee-cette-annee/
3136
3137# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
3138Rule	Haiti	1983	only	-	May	8	0:00	1:00	D
3139Rule	Haiti	1984	1987	-	Apr	lastSun	0:00	1:00	D
3140Rule	Haiti	1983	1987	-	Oct	lastSun	0:00	0	S
3141# Shanks & Pottenger say AT is 2:00, but IATA SSIM (1991/1997) says 1:00s.
3142# Go with IATA.
3143Rule	Haiti	1988	1997	-	Apr	Sun>=1	1:00s	1:00	D
3144Rule	Haiti	1988	1997	-	Oct	lastSun	1:00s	0	S
3145Rule	Haiti	2005	2006	-	Apr	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	D
3146Rule	Haiti	2005	2006	-	Oct	lastSun	0:00	0	S
3147Rule	Haiti	2012	2015	-	Mar	Sun>=8	2:00	1:00	D
3148Rule	Haiti	2012	2015	-	Nov	Sun>=1	2:00	0	S
3149# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
3150Zone America/Port-au-Prince -4:49:20 -	LMT	1890
3151			-4:49	-	PPMT	1917 Jan 24 12:00 # P-a-P MT
3152			-5:00	Haiti	E%sT
3153
3154# Honduras
3155# Shanks & Pottenger say 1921 Jan 1; go with Whitman's more precise Apr 1.
3156
3157# From Paul Eggert (2006-05-05):
3158# worldtimezone.com reports a 2006-05-02 Spanish-language AP article
3159# saying Honduras will start using DST midnight Saturday, effective 4
3160# months until September.  La Tribuna reported today
3161# <http://www.latribuna.hn/99299.html> that Manuel Zelaya, the president
3162# of Honduras, refused to back down on this.
3163
3164# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-08-08):
3165# It seems that Honduras has returned from DST to standard time this Monday at
3166# 00:00 hours (prolonging Sunday to 25 hours duration).
3167# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_honduras04.html
3168
3169# From Paul Eggert (2006-08-08):
3170# Also see Diario El Heraldo, The country returns to standard time (2006-08-08).
3171# http://www.elheraldo.hn/nota.php?nid=54941&sec=12
3172# It mentions executive decree 18-2006.
3173
3174# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-08-17):
3175# Honduras will observe DST from 2007 to 2009, exact dates are not
3176# published, I have located this authoritative source:
3177# http://www.presidencia.gob.hn/noticia.aspx?nId=47
3178
3179# From Steffen Thorsen (2007-03-30):
3180# http://www.laprensahn.com/pais_nota.php?id04962=7386
3181# So it seems that Honduras will not enter DST this year....
3182
3183# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
3184Rule	Hond	1987	1988	-	May	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	D
3185Rule	Hond	1987	1988	-	Sep	lastSun	0:00	0	S
3186Rule	Hond	2006	only	-	May	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	D
3187Rule	Hond	2006	only	-	Aug	Mon>=1	0:00	0	S
3188# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
3189Zone America/Tegucigalpa -5:48:52 -	LMT	1921 Apr
3190			-6:00	Hond	C%sT
3191#
3192# Great Swan I ceded by US to Honduras in 1972
3193
3194# Jamaica
3195# Shanks & Pottenger give -5:07:12, but Milne records -5:07:10.41 from an
3196# unspecified official document, and says "This time is used throughout the
3197# island".  Go with Milne.  Round to the nearest second as required by zic.
3198#
3199# Shanks & Pottenger give April 28 for the 1974 spring-forward transition, but
3200# Lance Neita writes that Prime Minister Michael Manley decreed it January 5.
3201# Assume Neita meant Jan 6 02:00, the same as the US.  Neita also writes that
3202# Manley's supporters associated this act with Manley's nickname "Joshua"
3203# (recall that in the Bible the sun stood still at Joshua's request),
3204# and with the Rod of Correction which Manley said he had received from
3205# Haile Selassie, Emperor of Ethiopia.  See:
3206# Neita L. The politician in all of us. Jamaica Observer 2014-09-20
3207# http://www.jamaicaobserver.com/columns/The-politician-in-all-of-us_17573647
3208#
3209# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
3210Zone	America/Jamaica	-5:07:11 -	LMT	1890        # Kingston
3211			-5:07:11 -	KMT	1912 Feb    # Kingston Mean Time
3212			-5:00	-	EST	1974
3213			-5:00	US	E%sT	1984
3214			-5:00	-	EST
3215
3216# Martinique
3217# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
3218Zone America/Martinique	-4:04:20 -      LMT	1890        # Fort-de-France
3219			-4:04:20 -	FFMT	1911 May    # Fort-de-France MT
3220			-4:00	-	AST	1980 Apr  6
3221			-4:00	1:00	ADT	1980 Sep 28
3222			-4:00	-	AST
3223
3224# Montserrat
3225# See America/Port_of_Spain.
3226
3227# Nicaragua
3228#
3229# This uses Shanks & Pottenger for times before 2005.
3230#
3231# From Steffen Thorsen (2005-04-12):
3232# I've got reports from 8 different people that Nicaragua just started
3233# DST on Sunday 2005-04-10, in order to save energy because of
3234# expensive petroleum.  The exact end date for DST is not yet
3235# announced, only "September" but some sites also say "mid-September".
3236# Some background information is available on the President's official site:
3237# http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/Presidencia/Files_index/Secretaria/Notas%20de%20Prensa/Presidente/2005/ABRIL/Gobierno-de-nicaragua-adelanta-hora-oficial-06abril.htm
3238# The Decree, no 23-2005 is available here:
3239# http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/buscador_gaceta/BD/DECRETOS/2005/Decreto%2023-2005%20Se%20adelanta%20en%20una%20hora%20en%20todo%20el%20territorio%20nacional%20apartir%20de%20las%2024horas%20del%2009%20de%20Abril.pdf
3240#
3241# From Paul Eggert (2005-05-01):
3242# The decree doesn't say anything about daylight saving, but for now let's
3243# assume that it is daylight saving....
3244#
3245# From Gwillim Law (2005-04-21):
3246# The Associated Press story on the time change, which can be found at
3247# http://www.lapalmainteractivo.com/guias/content/gen/ap/America_Latina/AMC_GEN_NICARAGUA_HORA.html
3248# and elsewhere, says (fifth paragraph, translated from Spanish): "The last
3249# time that a change of clocks was applied to save energy was in the year 2000
3250# during the Arnoldo Alemán administration."...
3251# The northamerica file says that Nicaragua has been on UTC-6 continuously
3252# since December 1998.  I wasn't able to find any details of Nicaraguan time
3253# changes in 2000.  Perhaps a note could be added to the northamerica file, to
3254# the effect that we have indirect evidence that DST was observed in 2000.
3255#
3256# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2005-11-02):
3257# Nicaragua left DST the 2005-10-02 at 00:00 (local time).
3258# http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/presidencia/files_index/secretaria/comunicados/2005/septiembre/26septiembre-cambio-hora.htm
3259# (2005-09-26)
3260#
3261# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-05-05):
3262# http://www.elnuevodiario.com.ni/2006/05/01/nacionales/18410
3263# (my informal translation)
3264# By order of the president of the republic, Enrique Bolaños, Nicaragua
3265# advanced by sixty minutes their official time, yesterday at 2 in the
3266# morning, and will stay that way until 30th of September.
3267#
3268# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-09-30):
3269# http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/buscador_gaceta/BD/DECRETOS/2006/D-063-2006P-PRN-Cambio-Hora.pdf
3270# My informal translation runs:
3271# The natural sun time is restored in all the national territory, in that the
3272# time is returned one hour at 01:00 am of October 1 of 2006.
3273#
3274# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
3275Rule	Nic	1979	1980	-	Mar	Sun>=16	0:00	1:00	D
3276Rule	Nic	1979	1980	-	Jun	Mon>=23	0:00	0	S
3277Rule	Nic	2005	only	-	Apr	10	0:00	1:00	D
3278Rule	Nic	2005	only	-	Oct	Sun>=1	0:00	0	S
3279Rule	Nic	2006	only	-	Apr	30	2:00	1:00	D
3280Rule	Nic	2006	only	-	Oct	Sun>=1	1:00	0	S
3281# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
3282Zone	America/Managua	-5:45:08 -	LMT	1890
3283			-5:45:12 -	MMT	1934 Jun 23 # Managua Mean Time?
3284			-6:00	-	CST	1973 May
3285			-5:00	-	EST	1975 Feb 16
3286			-6:00	Nic	C%sT	1992 Jan  1  4:00
3287			-5:00	-	EST	1992 Sep 24
3288			-6:00	-	CST	1993
3289			-5:00	-	EST	1997
3290			-6:00	Nic	C%sT
3291
3292# Panama
3293# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
3294Zone	America/Panama	-5:18:08 -	LMT	1890
3295			-5:19:36 -	CMT	1908 Apr 22 # Colón Mean Time
3296			-5:00	-	EST
3297Link America/Panama America/Cayman
3298
3299# Puerto Rico
3300# There are too many San Juans elsewhere, so we'll use 'Puerto_Rico'.
3301# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
3302Zone America/Puerto_Rico -4:24:25 -	LMT	1899 Mar 28 12:00 # San Juan
3303			-4:00	-	AST	1942 May  3
3304			-4:00	US	A%sT	1946
3305			-4:00	-	AST
3306
3307# St Kitts-Nevis
3308# St Lucia
3309# See America/Port_of_Spain.
3310
3311# St Pierre and Miquelon
3312# There are too many St Pierres elsewhere, so we'll use 'Miquelon'.
3313# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
3314Zone America/Miquelon	-3:44:40 -	LMT	1911 May 15 # St Pierre
3315			-4:00	-	AST	1980 May
3316			-3:00	-	PMST	1987 # Pierre & Miquelon Time
3317			-3:00	Canada	PM%sT
3318
3319# St Vincent and the Grenadines
3320# See America/Port_of_Spain.
3321
3322# Turks and Caicos
3323#
3324# From Chris Dunn in
3325# http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=415007
3326# (2007-03-15): In the Turks & Caicos Islands (America/Grand_Turk) the
3327# daylight saving dates for time changes have been adjusted to match
3328# the recent U.S. change of dates.
3329#
3330# From Brian Inglis (2007-04-28):
3331# http://www.turksandcaicos.tc/calendar/index.htm [2007-04-26]
3332# there is an entry for Nov 4 "Daylight Savings Time Ends 2007" and three
3333# rows before that there is an out of date entry for Oct:
3334# "Eastern Standard Times Begins 2007
3335# Clocks are set back one hour at 2:00 a.m. local Daylight Saving Time"
3336# indicating that the normal ET rules are followed.
3337#
3338# From Paul Eggert (2014-08-19):
3339# The 2014-08-13 Cabinet meeting decided to stay on UT -04 year-round.  See:
3340# http://tcweeklynews.com/daylight-savings-time-to-be-maintained-p5353-127.htm
3341# Model this as a switch from EST/EDT to AST ...
3342# From Chris Walton (2014-11-04):
3343# ... the TCI government appears to have delayed the switch to
3344# "permanent daylight saving time" by one year....
3345# http://tcweeklynews.com/time-change-to-go-ahead-this-november-p5437-127.htm
3346#
3347# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
3348Zone America/Grand_Turk	-4:44:32 -	LMT	1890
3349			-5:07:11 -	KMT	1912 Feb # Kingston Mean Time
3350			-5:00	-	EST	1979
3351			-5:00	US	E%sT	2015 Nov Sun>=1 2:00
3352			-4:00	-	AST
3353
3354# British Virgin Is
3355# Virgin Is
3356# See America/Port_of_Spain.
3357
3358
3359# Local Variables:
3360# coding: utf-8
3361# End:
3362